A graphitization furnace furnace head and tail electrode cooling water hole structure

Abstract

The present invention discloses a graphitization furnace head and tail electrode cooling water hole structure and its installation method. This invention completely eliminates the problem of water leakage through the electrode assembly cooling water holes, breaking the common limitations of copper tube cooling, such as the difficulty in manufacturing and installation, and the inconvenience of repair and maintenance. This is of great significance for reducing worker labor intensity and improving furnace installation and production efficiency. The invention also effectively prevents overheating and damage to the electrodes and surrounding graphite blocks, significantly improving the furnace's service life and reducing unnecessary production waste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of industrial furnaces, and in particular to a graphitization furnace head and tail electrode cooling water hole structure. Background Art

[0002] In graphitization furnace production, there are two primary cooling methods for the furnace head and tail electrodes. One method involves external water cooling, which is simple and direct, but offers limited cooling effectiveness. This method requires high cooling water quality and wastes a significant amount of water. It also requires dedicated drainage ditches, and the collected wastewater must be purified and treated, increasing the production cost of the graphitization furnace. Furthermore, the spray mist mixes with the flue gas and dust in the workshop, causing severe environmental pollution and corroding the plant structure. Furthermore, in cold regions, the spray mist can condense on rooftops and other surfaces, forming icicles, which can easily lead to personal injury.

[0003] Therefore, a growing number of graphitization furnaces are abandoning this electrode cooling method and are now adopting an alternative approach: internal water cooling. This involves drilling cooling holes within the electrodes to cool the electrodes. This circulating water cooling method eliminates the need for additional water treatment investment and the pollution issues associated with external water cooling, while also providing sufficient cooling performance to meet production requirements. Since the electrode tips at the furnace head and furnace tail are the electrode pushing work area, the cooling water holes' inlet and outlet are typically located on the side of the electrode near the pushing end. The entire cooling water hole penetrates the electrode cross-section, making cooling simple and direct. This internal water cooling method is the most economical and practical for low-load graphitization furnaces, such as those with single- and double-furnace head and furnace tail electrodes. However, with increasing production capacity, the size of graphitized products is also increasing. Considering the quality and cost of large-size furnace head and furnace tail electrodes, the current trend is for high-load graphitization furnaces with four electrodes in a 2×2 arrangement. Due to the presence of seams in both directions of the electrode cross-section, directly drilling through cooling holes can cause leakage and render the furnace unusable. The common solution is to insert another copper tube into the through-type cooling water hole, allowing the cooling water to cool the electrode through the copper tube. However, using copper tube cooling has the following disadvantages: a. To prevent copper tube oxidation, the copper tube and the electrode hole must have an interference fit, making it extremely difficult to install the copper tube through the electrode. Most construction companies do not have the construction and installation capabilities, and the machining accuracy of the copper tube and electrode hole generally cannot meet the installation requirements. b. The copper tube inserted is generally only about 25mm in diameter. Due to the interference fit, the copper tube diameter is too small. Due to the size limitations of the electrode itself, copper tubes cannot be arranged too many times. In addition, the cooling water must pass through the inner wall of the copper tube to cool the electrode. Therefore, the overall electrode cooling effect is poor, and the electrode and surrounding graphite blocks are damaged due to overheating. c. After the graphitization furnace has been in operation for a period of time, the copper tube in the joints between each set of electrodes will oxidize severely, affecting the production of the graphitization furnace. The above disadvantages have seriously restricted the production of high-load graphitization furnaces. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a graphitization furnace furnace head and furnace tail electrode cooling water hole structure, which can effectively solve the problem of cooling the furnace head and furnace tail electrode group of a large-load graphitization furnace while maintaining the advantages of the original internal water-cooled electrode cooling method such as low production cost, low pollution, and good cooling effect, avoid the complex and difficult installation of cooling copper tubes, improve the electrode cooling efficiency, reduce the probability of damage to the electrode graphite block, and increase the service life of the graphitization furnace.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solution: a graphitization furnace furnace head and furnace tail electrode cooling water hole structure includes a furnace head or furnace tail electrode, and a water inlet and a water outlet for water cooling in the electrode are respectively provided on two adjacent sides of each furnace head or furnace tail electrode, and a cooling water channel is provided in the furnace head or furnace tail electrode. The water inlet and the water outlet in the same furnace head or furnace tail electrode are interconnected through the cooling water channel in the furnace head or furnace tail electrode; the cooling water channel in each furnace head or furnace tail electrode is independently provided, and is not interconnected with or interferes with the cooling water channels in other furnace head or furnace tail electrodes.

[0006] A pressure cover is provided on the water inlet and the water outlet, and a hose interface is provided on the pressure cover.

[0007] A steel rod is provided in the furnace head or furnace tail electrode, and the steel rod passes through the cooling water channel; a swing bolt is provided on the gland, and the swing bolt passes through the gland and enters the cooling water channel, the outer end of the swing bolt is connected to the nut, and the inner end of the swing bolt is connected to the steel rod.

[0008] A gasket is provided on the sealing surface of the gland.

[0009] If the electrode end faces cannot be utilized, since each electrode in each electrode group has two side faces that abut against each other, the remaining two sides of each electrode can be fully utilized as the inlet and outlet of the internal water cooling. In this way, the two cooling water channels are interconnected within the electrode. Except for the inlet and outlet, the rest of the cooling water channel maintains a certain safe distance from the outside of the electrode, fundamentally avoiding the problem of water leakage due to the through-cooling water channel. In addition, since the direct cooling water channel is directly opened on the electrode, the appropriately increased cooling water channel aperture increases the cooling area and ensures stable production of the graphitization furnace.

[0010] Compared with existing technologies, the present invention completely eliminates the problem of water leakage through the cooling water channel of the electrode assembly, breaking the common limitations of copper tube cooling, such as difficulty in manufacturing and installation, and inconvenient repair and maintenance. This is of great significance for reducing worker labor intensity and improving furnace installation and production efficiency. The present invention also effectively overcomes the problem of overheating and damage to the electrodes and surrounding graphite blocks caused by the small size and insufficient number of cooling copper tubes, which is beneficial for extending the service life of the furnace and reducing unnecessary production waste. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the electrode pushing end of the present invention;

[0012] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the cross-shaped cooling water channel of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the L-shaped cooling water channel of the present invention.

[0014] The markings in the accompanying drawings are: 1-cooling water channel, 2-pressure cover, 3-gasket, 4-swivel bolt, 5-hose interface, 6-nut, 7-steel rod, 8-furnace head or furnace tail electrode, 9-water inlet, 10-water outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0016] Embodiment of the present invention: A graphitization furnace furnace head and furnace tail electrode cooling water hole structure includes a furnace head or furnace tail electrode 8, the furnace head or furnace tail electrode 8 is arranged in a 2×2 manner, and a water inlet 9 and a water outlet 10 for electrode internal water cooling are respectively provided on two adjacent sides of each furnace head or furnace tail electrode 8, and a cooling water channel 1 is provided in the furnace head or furnace tail electrode 8. The cooling water channel 1 in embodiment 1 is as follows Figure 2 The cross-shaped structure shown in the figure; the water inlet 9 and water outlet 10 of the same furnace head or furnace tail electrode 8 are interconnected through the cooling water channel 1 of the furnace head or furnace tail electrode 8. The cooling water channel 1 of each furnace head or furnace tail electrode 8 is independently provided and does not communicate with or interfere with the cooling water channels 1 of other furnace head or furnace tail electrodes 8. A gland 2 is provided on each water inlet 9 and water outlet 10, and a hose interface 5 is provided on the gland 2. A swing bolt 4 is passed through the center of the gland 2, and a hole is drilled on the side of the furnace head or furnace tail electrode 8 so that the hole passes vertically through the cooling water channel 1. A steel rod 7 is inserted into the hole and passes through the ring structure at the end of the swing bolt 4, and is pushed into the end of the hole to fix the steel rod 7. After the steel rod 7 is installed, the hole opening is blocked with graphite syrup; a swing bolt 4 is provided on the gland 2, and then a nut 6 is used to seal the entire gland 2 at the other end of the swing bolt 4. An asbestos rubber gasket 3 is padded at the bottom of the gland 2 to enhance the sealing of the cooling water hole. Finally, the entire cooling water channel 1 should be subjected to a water pressure test before production.

[0017] It should be noted that the cooling effect of the cross-shaped cooling water channel 1 is more obvious, but it can also be changed to an L-shaped structure according to the actual electrode cooling requirements and the structure size of the furnace head and furnace tail electrodes (see attached Figure 3 ).

[0018] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A graphitization furnace head and tail electrode cooling water hole structure, comprising a head or tail electrode (8), characterized in that: On two adjacent sides of each furnace head or furnace tail electrode (8), a water inlet (9) and a water outlet (10) for water cooling in the electrode are respectively provided, and a cooling water channel (1) is provided in the furnace head or furnace tail electrode (8), and the water inlet (9) and the water outlet (10) in the same furnace head or furnace tail electrode (8) are interconnected through the cooling water channel (1) in the furnace head or furnace tail electrode (8); the cooling water channel (1) in each furnace head or furnace tail electrode (8) is independently provided, and is not interconnected with or interferes with the cooling water channels (1) in other furnace head or furnace tail electrodes (8); A gland (2) is provided on the water inlet (9) and the water outlet (10), and a hose interface (5) is provided on the gland (2); A steel rod (7) is provided in the furnace head or furnace tail electrode (8), and the steel rod (7) passes through the cooling water channel (1); a swing bolt (4) is provided on the gland (2), and the swing bolt (4) passes through the gland (2) and enters the cooling water channel (1), the outer end of the swing bolt (4) is connected to the nut (6), and the inner end of the swing bolt (4) is connected to the steel rod (7); A gasket (3) is provided on the sealing surface of the gland (2); The cooling water channel (1) has a cross-shaped structure.

Images