Power battery device, power battery system and electric vehicle

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a power battery device, a power battery system and an electric vehicle, and relates to the technical field of electric vehicles. The power battery device comprises: a battery compartment for being mounted on a vehicle body of an electric vehicle; a power battery separably mounted in the battery compartment; and a cooling pipeline comprising an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe connected to the power battery, wherein the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe each comprise a first pipe, a second pipe and an electrically controlled joint; one of the first pipe and the second pipe is connected to the battery compartment, and the other is connected to the power battery; the electrically controlled joint is mounted at an end of the first pipe which is in abutment with the second pipe; the electrically controlled joint has a locked state and an unlocked state; when in the locked state, the electrically controlled joint is in clamping abutment with the second pipe; and when in the unlocked state, the electrically controlled joint is separated from the second pipe. The power battery device can separate the power battery about to be in thermal runaway from the battery compartment, thereby protecting the safety of the vehicle and personnel, and has a wide range of applications and high reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of electric vehicles, and in particular, to a power battery device, a power battery system and an electric vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Compared with traditional fuel vehicles, new energy vehicles have the advantages of energy saving, emission reduction, and low noise. Therefore, in recent years, the research and development and application of new energy vehicles have developed rapidly.

[0003] Thermal runaway of the power battery pack has always been a thorny issue for new energy vehicles. This can occur when a new energy vehicle is involved in a collision, a grounding, internal insulation failure, a cell short circuit, or structural deformation. When this happens, a fire can spread to the vehicle and surrounding areas within minutes, destroying the vehicle and its contents, threatening the surrounding environment, and even endangering the safety of people inside and around the vehicle. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present disclosure provides a power battery device, a power battery system and an electric vehicle. The power battery device can push the power battery out of the battery compartment when the power battery is about to experience thermal runaway, thereby protecting the safety of the vehicle and personnel. The power battery device has a wide range of applications and high reliability.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present disclosure provides a power battery device, comprising:

[0006] A battery compartment, used for installation on the body of an electric vehicle;

[0007] The power battery can be detachably installed in the battery compartment;

[0008] A cooling pipeline, comprising a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe connected to the power battery, each of the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid outlet pipe comprising a first pipe, a second pipe, and an electronic control connector; one of the first pipe and the second pipe is connected to the battery compartment, and the other is connected to the power battery, and the electronic control connector is installed at an end of the first pipe that interfaces with the second pipe;

[0009] The electric control connector has a locked state and an unlocked state; when in the locked state, the electric control connector is engaged with the second pipe; when in the unlocked state, the electric control connector is separated from the second pipe.

[0010] In a possible embodiment, the electric control connector includes a fixing sleeve and a locking mechanism, wherein the fixing sleeve is mounted on the outer wall of the first pipe, and the locking mechanism is movably mounted in the fixing sleeve;

[0011] When in the locked state, the locking mechanism moves to engage with the second pipe; when in the unlocked state, the locking mechanism moves to disengage from the second pipe.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the locking mechanism includes a driving assembly and a locking assembly, and the driving assembly drives the locking assembly to move so that the locking assembly is engaged with or separated from the second pipe.

[0013] In one possible embodiment, the locking assembly includes a locking sleeve and an elastic member, the locking sleeve is located between the outer wall of the first pipe and the fixing sleeve, and the elastic member is connected between the outer wall of the locking sleeve and the inner wall of the fixing sleeve;

[0014] The driving assembly drives the locking sleeve to move along the radial direction of the first pipe, changing the compression amount of the elastic member so as to enable the locking sleeve to be engaged with or separated from the second pipe.

[0015] In a possible embodiment, the locking sleeve includes a sleeve portion and a clamping portion, the sleeve portion extends along the axial direction of the first pipe, and the clamping portion is connected to the sleeve portion and extends toward the center of the first pipe;

[0016] A clamping groove is provided on the outer wall of the second pipe, and the driving component drives the locking sleeve to move so that the clamping portion is clamped into the clamping groove or disengaged from the clamping groove.

[0017] In a possible embodiment, the driving assembly includes a first component and a second component, the first component is fixed in the fixing sleeve, and the first component drives the second component to move along the axial direction of the first pipe;

[0018] The second component abuts against the sleeve portion and drives the locking sleeve to move along the radial direction of the first pipe.

[0019] In a possible embodiment, the second component has a first inclined surface at one end facing the sleeve portion, and the first inclined surface is inclined relative to the axial direction of the first pipe;

[0020] One end of the sleeve portion facing the second component has a second inclined surface, the second inclined surface is in contact with the first inclined surface, and the second inclined surface slides along the first inclined surface.

[0021] In a possible implementation, the first component is an electromagnetic coil, and the second component is a magnetic member.

[0022] In a possible embodiment, one side of the battery compartment has an opening, and the power battery is ejected from the opening to the outside of the battery compartment.

[0023] In a possible implementation manner, the opening is provided on one side corresponding to the width direction of the vehicle body.

[0024] In a possible embodiment, a driving mechanism is provided on a side of the battery compartment facing away from the opening, and the driving mechanism abuts against the power battery and is used to drive the power battery to detach from the battery compartment at a preset speed.

[0025] In one possible embodiment, the drive mechanism includes at least one linear motor.

[0026] In one possible embodiment, a slide rail is provided in the battery compartment, extending from a side away from the opening to a side where the opening is located, and a roller is installed on an outer wall of the power battery, and the roller rolls along the slide rail;

[0027] Wherein, the slide rail is at least arranged on the inner bottom wall of the battery compartment.

[0028] In a possible implementation, a locking switch is further provided in the battery compartment, a positioning portion is provided on the power battery, and the locking switch is plugged into or disconnected from the positioning portion.

[0029] In one possible embodiment, the locking switch includes an electromagnetic coil and an electromagnetic lock pin, the electromagnetic coil is fixed to the battery compartment, and the electromagnetic lock pin is inserted into the electromagnetic coil;

[0030] The electromagnetic coil drives the electromagnetic lock pin to move so that the electromagnetic lock pin is inserted into the positioning portion or is disengaged from the positioning portion.

[0031] In a possible implementation, the locking switch is disposed on a side of the battery compartment facing away from the opening.

[0032] In a possible embodiment, a retractable positioning pin is further provided in the battery compartment. The positioning pin is provided close to the opening. When the locking switch is plugged into the positioning portion, the positioning pin abuts against a side wall of the power battery facing the opening.

[0033] In a possible implementation, a plug is provided on the power battery, and a socket is provided in the battery compartment. When the locking switch is plugged into the positioning portion, the plug is inserted into the socket.

[0034] In a second aspect, the present disclosure provides a power battery system, comprising a monitoring device, a control device, and the power battery device as described above;

[0035] The monitoring device is used to obtain information about the vehicle's surrounding environment to determine whether the vehicle is in a safe position for the power battery to escape; the control device is used to control the power battery to escape from the battery compartment when the power battery is about to experience thermal runaway and the vehicle is in a safe position.

[0036] In a third aspect, the present disclosure provides an electric vehicle, comprising a vehicle body and the power battery device as described above, wherein the power battery device is installed on the vehicle body.

[0037] The power battery device, power battery system, and electric vehicle provided by the present disclosure are characterized by providing a battery compartment within which the power battery is detachably mounted. When the power battery is about to enter an emergency state of thermal runaway, the power battery is controlled to detach from the compartment, thereby removing the fire risk from the electric vehicle and ensuring the safety of the vehicle and personnel. Specifically, the liquid inlet and outlet pipes connected to the power battery each include a first pipe, a second pipe, and an electronically controlled connector, with the electronically controlled connector mounted at the end of the first pipe that interfaces with the second pipe. By switching the electronically controlled connector between a locked state and an unlocked state, the first pipe and the second pipe can be quickly connected and disconnected, thereby enabling the disconnection of a power battery with a cooling line, thus achieving a wide range of applications.

[0038] It should be understood that the contents described in the Summary of the Invention section are not intended to limit the key or important features of the embodiments of the present disclosure, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become readily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] The above and other features, advantages and aspects of the embodiments of the present disclosure will become more apparent with reference to the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the accompanying drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements, wherein:

[0040] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a power battery device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0041] Figure 2a for Figure 1 A is a partial enlarged view of a state;

[0042] Figure 2b for Figure 1 A is a partial enlarged view of A in another state;

[0043] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a battery compartment provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0044] Figure 4 A partial structural diagram of a power battery provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0045] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of the plug of the power battery;

[0046] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first pipeline and the second pipeline provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure when they are in a docking state;

[0047] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first pipeline and the second pipeline provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure when they are in a separated state;

[0048] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the framework of the power battery system provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0049] Description of reference numerals:

[0050] 1-Power battery system;

[0051] 10-power battery device; 20-control device; 30-monitoring device;

[0052] 100-battery compartment; 200-power battery; 300-first pipe; 400-second pipe; 500-electric control connector;

[0053] 110 - opening; 120 - locking switch; 130 - positioning pin; 140 - slide rail; 210 - positioning portion; 220 - liquid inlet; 230 - liquid outlet; 240 - plug; 410 - card slot; 510 - fixing sleeve; 520 - locking mechanism;

[0054] 121 - electromagnetic coil; 122 - electromagnetic lock pin; 211 - lock cylinder; 241 - DC input connector; 242 - DC output connector; 243 - positive connector; 244 - negative connector; 245 - IGN connector; 246 - CAN signal connector; 247 - power connector; 248 - detection connector; 521 - drive assembly; 522 - locking assembly;

[0055] 1221-locking slot; 5211-first component; 5212-second component; 5221-locking sleeve; 5222-elastic member;

[0056] 52121-first inclined surface; 52211-sleeve portion; 52212-clamping portion;

[0057] 52211a-Second slope. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] New energy vehicles, such as pure electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles, have seen rapid growth in recent years due to their advantages in energy conservation and emission reduction. Fires in new energy vehicles have been a major concern. Batteries, as an essential component that provides power for these vehicles, have become a key research topic in the industry to improve the safety of electric vehicles.

[0059] Some of the current autonomous driving vehicles and vehicles with driving assistance functions have integrated fire extinguishing devices inside the power battery. When the power battery suffers thermal runaway, the vehicle controls the fire extinguishing device to start and extinguish the fire in the power battery; some control the power battery's mounting components to disconnect from the vehicle body, and the power battery relies on its own gravity to separate from the vehicle body, so that the fire source leaves the vehicle and ensures vehicle safety.

[0060] However, all of these methods are based on existing power battery structures and still present safety risks. For example, extinguishing the fire within the power battery carries the risk of incomplete extinguishing, potentially leading to vehicle combustion. Relying on gravity to detach the power battery from the vehicle body limits the distance between the power battery and the vehicle, rendering the vehicle's safety inadequate.

[0061] In addition, the existing structural methods for separating power batteries from the vehicle body are basically aimed at power batteries with smaller size and no water cooling system. The structural solutions for separating power batteries from the vehicle body do not involve the design of water cooling pipeline structure, and the scope of application is relatively narrow.

[0062] In light of this, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a power battery device, a power battery system, and an electric vehicle. The power battery device utilizes a battery compartment within which the power battery is detachably mounted. In the event of an emergency situation involving thermal runaway, the power battery is controlled to detach from the compartment, removing the fire risk from the electric vehicle and ensuring the safety of the vehicle and personnel. Specifically, the structure of the liquid inlet and outlet pipes connected to the power battery is designed to enable rapid connection and disconnection of the pipes, enabling the disconnection of power batteries with cooling pipes, thus broadening its application.

[0063] The following description of exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure is made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, including various details of the embodiments of the present disclosure to facilitate understanding. These details should be considered as merely exemplary. Therefore, those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes and modifications may be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. Similarly, for the sake of clarity and conciseness, descriptions of well-known functions and structures are omitted in the following description.

[0064] The embodiments of the present disclosure provide an electric vehicle, which may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle, or a fuel cell vehicle. The electric vehicle includes a vehicle body and a power battery device, which is mounted on the vehicle body, for example, on the chassis of the vehicle body. The power battery device is used to provide electrical energy to a motor mounted on the vehicle body, which drives wheels at the bottom of the vehicle body.

[0065] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of a power battery device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 1As shown, the power battery device 10 provided in this embodiment may include a battery compartment 100 and a power battery 200. The battery compartment 100 is fixedly mounted on the vehicle body, for example, the battery compartment 100 may be mounted on the chassis, and the power battery 200 is installed in the battery compartment 100. By providing the battery compartment 100 as the installation base for the power battery 200, the power battery 200 is detachably installed in the battery compartment 100, which facilitates rapid docking and detachment of the power battery 200 with the battery compartment 100.

[0066] Among them, under normal circumstances, the power battery 200 remains connected to the battery compartment 100 so that the power battery 200 can stably provide power to the motor and maintain normal operation of the vehicle; in emergency situations such as when the power battery 200 is about to have thermal runaway, the power battery 200 is disconnected from the battery compartment 100, and the power battery 200 can be quickly pushed out of the battery compartment 100 to separate the power battery 200 from the vehicle body, so that the fire risk of the power battery 200 is kept away from the vehicle body, protecting the vehicle body from damage, ensuring the safety of property in the vehicle, the personal safety of people in and around the vehicle, and reducing threats to the safety of the surrounding environment.

[0067] Continue to refer to Figure 1 As shown, in order to remove the power battery 200 from the battery compartment 100, the battery compartment 100 may have an opening 110 on one side. The power battery 200 is inserted into the battery compartment 100 through the opening 110 and can be locked in the battery compartment 100 to position the power battery 200 and ensure stable operation of the power battery 200. In an emergency, such as when the power battery 200 rack experiences thermal runaway, the power battery 200 can be unlocked and separated from the battery compartment 100 and quickly pushed out of the battery compartment 100 through the opening 110, thereby separating the power battery 200 from the vehicle body.

[0068] By positioning the opening 110 of the battery compartment 100 on one side of its periphery, the power battery 200 can be ejected from the side of the battery compartment 100. This requires the power battery 200 to have a certain initial velocity to be ejected smoothly from the side of the battery compartment 100. Compared to relying solely on gravity to separate the power battery 200 from the vehicle body, the initial velocity of the power battery 200 allows the power battery 200 to be ejected a safe distance from the vehicle body, thereby keeping the fire risk away from the vehicle body.

[0069] It is understandable that if the opening 110 of the battery compartment 100 is facing the front of the vehicle, after the power battery 200 is pushed out of the opening 110 of the battery compartment 100, the initial velocity of the power battery 200 and the force of gravity will cause the power battery 200 to fall a certain distance in front of the vehicle. For a moving vehicle, the vehicle will continue to move forward and pass by the power battery 200, and there is still a risk of ignition by the power battery 200. Therefore, it is generally recommended to avoid locating the opening 110 of the battery compartment 100 towards the front of the vehicle.

[0070] For example, the opening 110 of the battery compartment 100 can be positioned to correspond to one side of the vehicle in the width direction. In other words, in an emergency, the power battery 200 can be pushed out from one side of the vehicle in the width direction, allowing the power battery 200 to fall onto the ground on the left or right side of the vehicle. This prevents the power battery 200 from falling behind the electric vehicle while it is traveling on the road or parked on the side of the road, thus preventing it from affecting the driving safety of vehicles or pedestrians behind the vehicle.

[0071] Taking the case where the vehicle is driving on the right side of the road as an example, the opening 110 of the battery compartment 100 can be set corresponding to the right side of the vehicle body. In an emergency, the electric vehicle can be driven or parked on the far right side of the road, and the power battery 200 can be pushed out from the right side of the vehicle body so that the power battery 200 falls on the right side of the vehicle body, thereby minimizing the impact on traffic safety.

[0072] Figure 2a for Figure 1 A is a partial enlarged view of a state; Figure 2b for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of A in another state.

[0073] Combine Figure 1 、 Figure 2a and Figure 2b As shown, in order to achieve rapid connection and separation between the power battery 200 and the battery compartment 100, in this embodiment, a locking switch 120 may be provided in the battery compartment 100, and correspondingly, a positioning portion 210 may be provided on the power battery 200. The locking switch 120 of the battery compartment 100 cooperates with the positioning portion 210 of the power battery 200 to achieve rapid locking and unlocking of the power battery 200.

[0074] Among them, reference Figure 2a As shown, the locking switch 120 and the positioning portion 210 can be plugged into each other to lock the power battery 200 in the battery compartment 100. At this time, the power battery 200 is fixed in the battery compartment 100 and can provide power to the vehicle body; Figure 2bAs shown, the locking switch 120 and the positioning portion 210 can also be disengaged from each other to release the lock of the battery compartment 100 on the power battery 200. At this time, the power battery 200 can move in the battery compartment 100 so as to be pushed out of the battery compartment 100, thereby realizing rapid separation of the power battery 200 from the vehicle body.

[0075] As a specific embodiment, the locking switch 120 installed in the battery compartment 100 may include an electromagnetic coil 121 and an electromagnetic lock pin 122. The electromagnetic coil 121 can be fixed in the battery compartment 100, and the electromagnetic lock pin 122 is inserted into the electromagnetic coil 121. The electromagnetic lock pin 122 can be driven to move by relying on the magnetic field force generated between the electromagnetic coil 121 and the electromagnetic lock pin 122 to achieve the connection or disconnection of the locking switch 120 with the positioning part 210.

[0076] Reference Figure 2a As shown, after the power battery 200 is loaded into the battery compartment 100, under normal circumstances, the electromagnetic coil 121 drives the electromagnetic lock pin 122 to move to the insertion positioning portion 210, and the electromagnetic lock pin 122 limits the positioning portion 210, thereby locking the power battery 200 in the battery compartment 100; Figure 2b As shown, in an emergency situation such as when the power battery 200 is about to experience thermal runaway, the electromagnetic coil 121 drives the electromagnetic lock pin 122 to move to disengage the positioning portion 210 , and the electromagnetic lock pin 122 releases the limiting effect on the positioning portion 210 , allowing the power battery 200 to move within the battery compartment 100 .

[0077] For example, the figure shows that the electromagnetic lock pin 122 is provided with a lock groove 1221 on the side facing the positioning portion 210, and the positioning portion 210 is provided with a lock column 211 extending into the lock groove 1221. The electromagnetic lock pin 122 moves toward the positioning portion 210 until the positioning portion 210 is locked and snapped into the lock groove 1221 of the electromagnetic lock pin 122, thereby locking the power battery 200. The electromagnetic lock pin 122 moves in a direction away from the positioning portion 210 until the positioning portion 210 is out of the lock groove 1221 of the electromagnetic lock pin 122, thereby unlocking the power battery 200. Of course, in other examples, the lock column 211 can also be provided on the side of the electromagnetic lock pin 122 facing the positioning portion 210, and correspondingly, the lock groove 1221 can be provided on the side of the positioning portion 210 facing the electromagnetic lock pin 122.

[0078] In addition, in addition to being configured as a combination of an electromagnetic coil 121 and an electromagnetic lock pin 122, the locking switch 120 can also be configured as a motor-driven linear module, a hydraulically driven hydraulic module, or an elastically driven elastic component, etc. This embodiment does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0079] As for the location of the locking switch 120 within the battery compartment 100, for reasons of rational spatial layout, the locking switch 120 can be placed on the side of the battery compartment 100 facing away from the opening 110. Accordingly, the positioning portion 210 on the power battery 200 is also located on the side of the power battery 200 facing away from the opening 110 of the battery compartment 100. In this way, the locking switch 120 has no effect on the insertion and removal path of the power battery 200 from the battery compartment 100 and does not occupy space on either side of the battery compartment 100. Furthermore, the location of the locking switch 120 makes it easier to determine whether the power battery 200 is properly installed and allows for quick alignment with the positioning portion 210 on the power battery 200.

[0080] Continue to refer to Figure 1 As shown, a locking switch 120 is provided in the battery compartment 100 to cooperate with the positioning portion 210 of the power battery 200. On the basis of locking the power battery 200, a retractable positioning pin 130 can also be provided in the battery compartment 100. The positioning pin 130 can position the power battery 200. Through the dual functions of the locking switch 120 and the positioning pin 130, the power battery 200 can be accurately positioned, thereby enhancing the stability of the power battery 200 in the battery compartment 100.

[0081] The positioning pins 130 can be installed on the sidewalls on both sides of the opening 110 of the battery compartment 100 and are located near the side of the battery compartment 100 where the opening 110 is located. When the positioning portion 210 of the power battery 200 is plugged into the locking switch 120 and the power battery 200 is installed in place, the positioning pins 130 can extend until they abut against the side wall of the power battery 200 facing the opening 110 of the battery compartment 100, thereby securing the power battery 200. When the power battery 200 needs to be removed from the battery compartment 100, the positioning pins 130 can retract until they no longer abut the power battery 200. At the same time, the locking switch 120 in the battery compartment 100 also releases the lock on the positioning portion 210 of the power battery 200, completely releasing the battery compartment 100 from securing the power battery 200, allowing the power battery 200 to be removed from the battery compartment 100.

[0082] As mentioned above, in order to enable the power battery 200 to be separated from the battery compartment 100 at a certain initial velocity, in this embodiment, a driving mechanism (not shown in the figure) can also be provided in the battery compartment 100. The driving mechanism can be provided on the side of the battery compartment 100 away from the opening 110, and when the power battery 200 is locked in the battery compartment 100, the driving mechanism and the power battery 200 abut against each other. When the power battery 200 is about to have an emergency such as thermal runaway, the driving mechanism pushes the power battery 200 toward the opening 110 ( Figure 1 The battery compartment 100 moves in the direction indicated by the dotted arrow in the middle to provide power to the power battery 200, so that the power battery 200 is separated from the battery compartment 100 at a preset speed.

[0083] Among them, the preset speed of the power battery 200 when it leaves the battery compartment 100 should be able to enable the power battery 200 to leave a certain safe distance from the vehicle body after landing. As for the specific size of the preset speed, it can be determined according to the gravity of the power battery 200 itself and the safety distance requirement. This embodiment does not impose any specific restrictions on this.

[0084] As a specific embodiment, the power battery 200 can be driven to move by a linear motor, and the linear motor drives the power battery 200 along Figure 1 The vehicle moves in the direction indicated by the dashed arrow to provide power to the power battery 200, causing the power battery 200 to accelerate and exit the battery compartment 100 at a predetermined speed. For example, depending on factors such as the weight of the power battery 200 itself and the required safe distance between the power battery 200 and the vehicle body after landing, the drive mechanism may include one linear motor or two or more linear motors. If the drive mechanism includes two or more linear motors, the linear motors may be spaced apart along the extension of the inner wall of the battery compartment 100 on the side facing away from the opening 110 thereof.

[0085] In other embodiments, the power battery 200 may be driven to move by structures such as elastic components and hydraulic modules. That is, the driving mechanism may include at least one group of elastic components or at least one group of hydraulic modules, etc., which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0086] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery compartment provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 3 As shown, in order to facilitate the movement of the power battery 200, in some embodiments, a slide rail 140 may be further provided in the battery compartment 100. In conjunction with this, rollers may be installed on the outer wall of the power battery 200. The slide rail 140 may extend along the moving direction of the power battery 200. In other words, the slide rail 140 may extend from the side of the battery compartment 100 facing away from the opening 110 to the side where the opening 110 is located. The rollers of the power battery 200 move along the slide rail 140 to allow the power battery 200 to slide out of the battery compartment 100.

[0087] First, the slide rail 140 can guide the movement of the power battery 200. The rollers of the power battery 200 move along the slide rail 140 to ensure that the power battery 200 can be smoothly released from the outlet of the battery compartment 100 to the outside of the battery compartment 100. Secondly, the rolling friction between the rollers and the slide rail 140 reduces the resistance during the movement of the power battery 200. Under the pushing action of the driving mechanism, the speed of the power battery 200 when it leaves the battery compartment 100 can be increased, thereby increasing the distance between the power battery 200 and the vehicle body when it falls to the ground, keeping the vehicle body away from the risk of fire and enhancing the protection of the vehicle body. Finally, the slide rail 140 also plays a role in limiting the power battery 200. When the power battery 200 is locked in the battery compartment 100, the power battery 200 is positioned in the front-to-back direction by the locking switch 120 and the positioning pin 130, and the power battery 200 is positioned in the left-to-right direction by the slide rail 140, so as to achieve precise positioning of the power battery 200.

[0088] The slide rail 140 can be installed on the inner bottom wall of the battery compartment 100 (the inner wall surface of the battery compartment 100 close to the ground), and accordingly, the rollers on the power battery 200 can be installed on the bottom surface of the power battery 200, and the power battery 200 is supported on the inner bottom wall of the battery compartment 100 by the rollers. Alternatively, based on the installation of the slide rail 140 on the inner bottom wall of the battery compartment 100, the slide rail 140 can also be installed on the inner top wall of the battery compartment 100 (the inner wall surface of the battery compartment 100 opposite to its inner bottom wall), and accordingly, the rollers can also be installed on the top surface of the power battery 200. In this way, the rollers on the bottom and top surfaces of the power battery 200 both roll along the corresponding inner wall surfaces of the battery compartment 100, further reducing the friction of the power battery 200 and increasing the speed of the power battery 200 when it leaves the battery compartment 100.

[0089] For example, for a smaller and lighter power battery 200, only one slide rail 140 may be provided on the inner wall surface of one side of the battery compartment 100; for a larger and heavier power battery 200, more than two slide rails 140 may be provided at intervals on the inner wall surface of one side of the battery compartment 100. For example, a slide rail 140 may be provided on each side of the inner bottom wall (inner top wall) of the battery compartment 100.

[0090] Figure 4 A partial structural diagram of a power battery provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of the power battery connector. Figure 4As shown, the power battery 200 serves as a functional device for the electric vehicle's motor. When the vehicle is operating normally, a reliable electrical connection is required between the power battery 200 and the motor. In this embodiment, a plug 240 can be provided on the power battery 200, and a corresponding socket (not shown) is provided in the battery compartment 100. When the power battery 200 is locked in the battery compartment 100, the plug 240 of the power battery 200 is inserted into the socket in the battery compartment 100, and the socket in the battery compartment 100 is electrically connected to the motor in the vehicle, thereby achieving an electrical connection between the power battery 200 and the motor.

[0091] For example, the socket in the battery compartment 100 can be located on the inner sidewall of the battery compartment 100 facing away from the opening 110 thereof, and the plug 240 of the power battery 200 can be located on the sidewall facing away from the opening 110 of the battery compartment 100. When the power battery 200 is installed, the plug 240 of the power battery 200 is inserted into the socket of the battery compartment 100. The locking switch 120 and the locating pin 130 keep the power battery 200 locked, thereby ensuring a reliable electrical connection between the power battery 200 and the battery compartment 100 during normal operation. In an emergency, the locking switch 120 and the locating pin 130 release the lock on the power battery 200, the driving mechanism pushes the power battery 200 to move, and the plug 240 of the power battery 200 is disconnected from the socket of the battery compartment 100, thereby releasing the electrical connection between the power battery 200 and the battery compartment 100.

[0092] Reference Figure 5 As shown, the plug 240 of the power battery 200 may be provided with a DC input connector 241, a DC output connector 242, a positive connector 243, a negative connector 244, an IGN ignition connector 245, a CAN signal connector 246, a power connector 247, a detection connector 248, etc.

[0093] Continue to refer to Figure 4 As shown, the figure also shows the liquid inlet 220 and the liquid outlet 230 on the power battery 200, that is, in this embodiment, the power battery 200 can be cooled by water cooling. The power battery device 10 is also provided with a cooling pipeline, which is connected to the liquid inlet 220 and the liquid outlet 230 on the power battery 200, so that the coolant can circulate in the power battery 200 to take away the heat of the power battery 200.

[0094] The cooling circuit may include a liquid inlet pipe (not shown) and a liquid outlet pipe (not shown). The liquid inlet pipe is connected between the battery compartment 100 and the liquid inlet 220 of the power battery 200, and the liquid outlet pipe is connected between the battery compartment 100 and the liquid outlet 230 of the power battery 200. The coolant enters the power battery 200 through the liquid inlet pipe, flows through the power battery 200 and removes heat from the power battery 200, and is then discharged through the liquid outlet pipe. This cycle continues to cool the power battery 200.

[0095] It should be noted that excessively low temperatures can also affect the service life of the power battery 200. Therefore, when the outdoor temperature is too low, a higher-temperature liquid can be introduced into the power battery 200 to heat and insulate the power battery 200, thereby maintaining the endurance and service life of the power battery 200. In this embodiment, the liquid introduced into the cooling pipe is not limited to coolant; it can also be a higher-temperature liquid.

[0096] For the power battery device 10 with cooling pipes, in order to achieve rapid docking and detachment of the power battery 200 with the battery compartment 100 , the present embodiment designs the structures of the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid outlet pipe. Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first pipeline and the second pipeline provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure when they are in a docking state; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first pipeline and the second pipeline provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure when they are in a separated state. Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid outlet pipe both include a first pipe 300, a second pipe 400 and an electronically controlled connector 500. The first pipe 300 and the second pipe 400 are connected via the electronically controlled connector 500. The electronically controlled connector 500 can realize the rapid connection and separation of the first pipe 300 and the second pipe 400, thereby meeting the requirements of the power battery 200 being separated from the battery compartment 100.

[0097] Specifically, one of the first pipe 300 and the second pipe 400 is connected to the battery compartment 100, and the other is connected to the power battery 200. The electronic control connector 500 is installed at the interface of the first pipe 300 (the end docked with the second pipe 400), and the interface of the first pipe 300 and the interface of the second pipe 400 (the end docked with the first pipe 300) are docked through the electronic control connector 500.

[0098] Exemplarily, the electric control connector 500 can be installed on a pipe connected to the battery compartment 100. In other words, the first pipe 300 can be connected to the battery compartment 100, and the second pipe 400 can be connected to the power battery 200. In this way, the pipe connected to the power battery 200 is lighter in weight and smaller in size, making it easier for the power battery 200 to be separated from the battery compartment 100.

[0099] The electric control connector 500 has a locked state and an unlocked state, refer to Figure 6 As shown, when the electric control connector 500 is in the locked state, it can be connected to the interface of the second pipe 400 to connect the interface of the first pipe 300 and the interface of the second pipe 400. At this time, the liquid inlet pipe (liquid outlet pipe) can normally transmit liquid to cool or heat the power battery 200; refer to Figure 7 As shown, when the electric control connector 500 is in the unlocked state, the electric control connector 500 is separated from the interface of the second pipe 400 , and the first pipe 300 and the second pipe 400 are separated. At this time, the power battery 200 can be removed from the battery compartment 100 .

[0100] The electrical connector 500 may include a fixing sleeve 510 and a locking mechanism 520. The fixing sleeve 510 is mounted on the outer wall of the first pipe 300 and serves as a mounting base for the locking mechanism 520. The locking mechanism 520 is movably mounted within the fixing sleeve 510, and the locking mechanism 520 enables the electrical connector 500 to be engaged with and disengaged from the second pipe 400. When the electrical connector 500 is locked, the locking mechanism 520 moves to engage with the second pipe 400; when the electrical connector 500 is unlocked, the locking mechanism 520 moves to disengage from the second pipe 400.

[0101] Continue to refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the locking mechanism 520 of the electrically controlled connector 500 may include a driving assembly 521 and a locking assembly 522. Both the driving assembly 521 and the locking assembly 522 may be installed between the inner wall of the fixing sleeve 510 and the outer wall of the first pipe 300. The driving assembly 521 is used to drive the locking assembly 522 to move. The locking assembly 522 can be moved to engage or disengage with the second pipe 400 to enable the electrically controlled connector 500 to switch between a locked state and an unlocked state, thereby changing the connection state of the first pipe 300 and the second pipe 400.

[0102] As an embodiment, the locking assembly 522 may include a locking sleeve 5221 and an elastic member 5222. The locking sleeve 5221 is located between the outer wall of the first pipe 300 and the inner wall of the fixing sleeve 510. The elastic member 5222 is connected between the outer wall of the locking sleeve 5221 and the inner wall of the fixing sleeve 510. The driving assembly 521 can drive the locking sleeve 5221 to move radially ( Figure 7 The locking sleeve 5221 compresses the elastic member 5222, and changes the compression amount of the elastic member 5222, so that the locking sleeve 5221 is engaged with or separated from the second pipe 400.

[0103] Depending on actual needs, one elastic member 5222 or two or more elastic members 5222 may be connected between the outer wall of the locking sleeve 5221 and the inner wall of the fixing sleeve 510. If two or more elastic members 5222 are connected between the locking sleeve 5221 and the fixing sleeve 510, the elastic members 5222 may be spaced apart along the axial direction of the locking sleeve 5221. The elastic members 5222 may be springs, for example.

[0104] In which, along the radial direction of the first pipe 300, when the locking sleeve 5221 moves from a position close to the fixing sleeve 510 to a position close to the first pipe 300, the electrically controlled connector 500 switches from an unlocked state to a locked state; conversely, when the locking sleeve 5221 moves from a position close to the first pipe 300 to a position close to the fixing sleeve 510, the electrically controlled connector 500 switches from a locked state to an unlocked state.

[0105] In this embodiment, the locking sleeve 5221 may include a sleeve portion 52211 and a clamping portion 52212. The sleeve portion 52211 may extend axially along the first pipe 300. The clamping portion 52212 is connected to the sleeve portion 52211 and extends toward the center of the first pipe 300. For example, the clamping portion 52212 may be connected to an end of the sleeve portion 52211 facing the interface of the first pipe 300. The clamping portion 52212 abuts against the end surface of the interface of the first pipe 300 and extends toward the center of the first pipe 300. As the locking sleeve 5221 moves radially along the first pipe 300, the clamping portion 52212 of the locking sleeve 5221 may engage with or disengage from the second pipe 400.

[0106] To match the clamping portion 52212 of the locking sleeve 5221, a clamping groove 410 may be provided on the outer wall of the second pipe 400. The shape and size of the clamping groove 410 may match the shape and size of the clamping portion 52212. Figure 6 As shown, when the first pipe 300 and the second pipe 400 are docked, the second pipe 400 moves toward the first pipe 300 ( Figure 7 The locking sleeve 5221 moves toward the first pipe 300 until its engaging portion 52212 engages with the engaging groove 410 on the outer wall of the second pipe 400, and the electric control connector 500 switches from the unlocked state to the locked state. Figure 7 As shown, when the first pipe 300 and the second pipe 400 are separated, the locking sleeve 5221 moves toward the fixing sleeve 510 until its clamping portion 52212 is disengaged from the clamping groove 410 on the outer wall of the second pipe 400, and the electric control connector 500 is switched from the locked state to the unlocked state, and the second pipe 400 moves in a direction away from the first pipe 300 (in the direction indicated by the vertical upward arrow in the figure) until the second pipe 400 is completely separated from the first pipe 300.

[0107] Continue to refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, the driving assembly 521 may include a first component 5211 and a second component 5212. The first component 5211 is fixed in the fixing sleeve 510, and the second component 5212 is movably connected to the first component 5211, and the second component 5212 abuts against the sleeve portion 52211 of the locking sleeve 5221. The first component 5211 can drive the second component 5212 to move along the axial direction of the first pipe 300 ( Figure 7 The second component 5212 drives the locking sleeve 5221 to move along the radial direction of the first pipe 300.

[0108] For the second component 5212 that moves axially along the first pipe 300, in order to enable the second component 5212 to drive the locking sleeve 5221 to move radially along the first pipe 300, in some embodiments, the second component 5212 and the sleeve portion 52211 of the locking sleeve 5221 can be matched with an inclined surface, and the fixing sleeve 510 has a limiting effect on the locking sleeve 5221, so as to achieve the radial movement of the locking sleeve 5221 along the first pipe 300.

[0109] The end of the sleeve portion 52211 of the second component 5212 facing the locking sleeve 5221 may have a first inclined surface 52121. The first inclined surface 52121 is inclined relative to the axial direction of the first pipe 300. In other words, the angle between the first inclined surface 52121 and the axial direction of the first pipe 300 may be less than 90°. Accordingly, the end of the sleeve portion 52211 facing the second component 5212 may have a second inclined surface 52211a. The second inclined surface 52211a opposes and abuts against the first inclined surface 52121 and can slide along the first inclined surface 52121. Thus, through the interaction of the first inclined surface 52121 and the second inclined surface 52211a, the force exerted by the second component 5212 on the sleeve portion 52211 along the axial direction of the first pipe 300 can cause the locking sleeve 5221 to move radially along the first pipe 300.

[0110] In this regard, refer to Figure 7 As shown, when the first pipe 300 and the second pipe 400 are docked, the electric control connector 500 is first in an unlocked state, and the second pipe 400 moves toward the first pipe 300 and is inserted into the interface of the first pipe 300. The first component 5211 of the driving assembly 521 drives the second component 5212 to move in a direction away from the locking sleeve 5221, so that the elastic force of the compressed elastic member 5222 is gradually released, and the locking sleeve 5221 moves toward the first pipe 300. Figure 6As shown, until the sleeve portion 52211 of the locking sleeve 5221 is against the outer wall of the first pipe 300, the clamping portion 52212 of the locking sleeve 5221 is clamped into the clamping groove 410 on the outer wall of the second pipe 400, and the electric control connector 500 is switched to a locked state, realizing the docking of the first pipe 300 and the second pipe 400.

[0111] Reference Figure 6 As shown, when the first pipe 300 and the second pipe 400 are separated, the electric control connector 500 is first in a locked state, the locking sleeve 5221 is attached to the outer wall of the first pipe 300, and the elastic member 5222 is in a state of minimum compression. Figure 7 As shown, the first component 5211 of the driving assembly 521 drives the second component 5212 to move toward the locking sleeve 5221, and the second component 5212 drives the locking sleeve 5221 to move toward the fixing sleeve 510. The locking sleeve 5221 squeezes the elastic member 5222, so that the compression amount of the elastic member 5222 gradually increases until the clamping portion 52212 of the locking sleeve 5221 completely disengages from the clamping groove 410 on the outer wall of the second pipe 400, and the electric control connector 500 switches to the unlocked state. Then, the second pipe 400 moves away from the first pipe 300 until the two are completely separated.

[0112] As for the driving method of the driving component 521, as an example, the first component 5211 of the driving component 521 can be an electromagnetic coil, and the second component 5212 of the driving component 521 can be a magnetic component. The magnetic component can be inserted into the electromagnetic coil and rely on the magnetic field force generated between the electromagnetic coil and the magnetic component to drive the magnetic component to move axially along the first pipe 300.

[0113] In other examples, the first component 5211 and the second component 5212 can also be matched in the form of a hydraulic cylinder and a hydraulic rod, or in the form of a screw rod and a nut, or in other feasible ways, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0114] As for how to determine whether the power battery 200 is in an emergency state of impending thermal runaway, in actual applications, the power battery 200 is typically equipped with various sensors inside or around it. These sensors monitor the status of the power battery 200 in real time. These sensors may include, for example, temperature sensors, pressure sensors, smoke sensors, infrared sensors, etc. These sensors can monitor the power battery 200's temperature, humidity, pressure, carbon dioxide concentration, hydrogen concentration, light intensity, and other status information in real time. They can also monitor the status of the explosion-proof valve of the power battery 200 in real time. Thus, based on the various data and information monitored in real time, a comprehensive judgment can be made as to whether the power battery 200 is about to experience thermal runaway, thereby improving the accuracy of the thermal runaway judgment.

[0115] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the framework of the power battery system provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 8 As shown, as for how to control the power battery 200 to quickly detach from the battery compartment 100 when the power battery 200 is about to enter an emergency state such as thermal runaway, in this embodiment, the electric vehicle can also be provided with a control device 20. When it is monitored that the power battery 200 is about to enter a thermal runaway, the control device 20 controls the power battery 200 to detach from the battery compartment 100 and controls the power battery 200 to be quickly pushed out of the battery compartment 100 to achieve separation of the power battery 200 from the vehicle body.

[0116] For example, a vehicle controller disposed at the front end of the vehicle body can be used to control the power battery 200 to disconnect from the battery compartment 100 and to control the power battery 200 to be pushed out of the battery compartment 100. In other words, the control device 20 can include the vehicle controller of the electric vehicle. Alternatively, the electric vehicle can also be provided with a dedicated controller for the power battery device 10. This controller can be disposed on the battery compartment 100, for example. This controller can be used to control the power battery 200 to disconnect from the battery compartment 100 and to control the power battery 200 to be pushed out of the battery compartment 100. In other words, the control device 20 can include this dedicated controller.

[0117] Specifically, when it is monitored that the power battery 200 is about to experience thermal runaway, the control device 20 controls the locking switch 120 in the battery compartment 100 to disengage from the positioning part 210 on the power battery 200, controls the positioning pin 130 set in the battery compartment 100 to retract to release the abutment against the power battery 200, controls the electrical control connector 500 of the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid outlet pipe to switch to the unlocked state, and controls the driving mechanism to push the power battery 200, and the power battery 200 moves toward the opening 110 of the battery compartment 100. The plug 240 on the power battery 200 is then disengaged from the socket of the battery compartment 100, and the power battery 200 is completely disconnected from the battery compartment 100 and is pushed out of the battery compartment 100.

[0118] Continue to refer to Figure 8As shown, the electric vehicle may also be provided with a monitoring device 30, which can obtain real-time information about the vehicle's surrounding environment. Based on the obtained surrounding environment information, it can be determined whether the vehicle is in a safe position to detach from the power battery 200. When the vehicle is in a safe position, the control device 20 controls the power battery 200 to detach from the battery compartment 100, so as to reduce the impact on the surrounding environment and personnel when detaching from the power battery 200 that has experienced thermal runaway. When the vehicle is not in a safe position or it is impossible to determine whether the vehicle is in a safe position, the control of the power battery 200 detaching from the battery compartment 100 is not performed; in this case, passive fire extinguishing measures can be adopted, for example, relying on the fire extinguishing device integrated in the power battery 200 to extinguish the fire in the power battery 200, providing time for the passengers on the vehicle to escape.

[0119] Among them, the surrounding environment information may include obstacle information such as surrounding roads, pedestrians, vehicles and buildings. For autonomous driving vehicles or vehicles with driving assistance functions, it can be obtained through sensors such as cameras, millimeter wave radars, ultrasonic radars, lidars, etc. carried by the vehicle, and the surrounding obstacle information can be output through the autonomous driving perception algorithm module.

[0120] The power battery device 10, the control device 20, and the monitoring device 30 together constitute the power battery system 1. When it is detected that the power battery 200 is about to experience thermal runaway, the monitoring device 30 obtains information about the surrounding environment of the vehicle body to determine whether the vehicle body is out of a safe position. It can also reserve a certain safety time for predicting obstacle information in the corresponding side lane and space based on the control execution time of the power battery 200 being pushed out of the battery compartment 100. When the vehicle body is out of a safe position, for example, when the area around the vehicle body is relatively open, the control device 20 controls the power battery 200 to be separated from the battery compartment 100. When the vehicle body is not out of a safe position or when it cannot be determined, for example, when there are other vehicles parked around the vehicle body or there are flammable buildings near the vehicle body, the fire is extinguished by passive fire extinguishing methods, or the vehicle can be controlled to drive autonomously to a safe position to control the power battery 200 to be separated from the battery compartment 100 as soon as possible.

[0121] The above specific embodiments do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this disclosure. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions may be made based on design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this disclosure shall be included within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A power battery device, characterized in that: include: A battery compartment, used for installation on the body of an electric vehicle; A power battery, detachably installed in the battery compartment; a cooling pipeline, comprising a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe connected to the power battery, each of the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid outlet pipe comprising a first pipe, a second pipe, and an electronic control connector; one of the first pipe and the second pipe is connected to the battery compartment, and the other is connected to the power battery, and the electronic control connector is installed at one end of the first pipe that interfaces with the second pipe; The electrically controlled connector has a locked state and an unlocked state; when in the locked state, the electrically controlled connector is engaged with the second pipe; when in the unlocked state, the electrically controlled connector is separated from the second pipe.

2. The power battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric control connector includes a fixing sleeve and a locking mechanism, wherein the fixing sleeve is mounted on the outer wall of the first pipe, and the locking mechanism is movably mounted in the fixing sleeve; When in the locked state, the locking mechanism moves to engage with the second pipe; when in the unlocked state, the locking mechanism moves to disengage from the second pipe.

3. The power battery device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The locking mechanism includes a driving component and a locking component. The driving component drives the locking component to move so that the locking component is engaged with or separated from the second pipe.

4. The power battery device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The locking assembly includes a locking sleeve and an elastic member, wherein the locking sleeve is located between the outer wall of the first pipe and the fixing sleeve, and the elastic member is connected between the outer wall of the locking sleeve and the inner wall of the fixing sleeve; The driving assembly drives the locking sleeve to move radially along the first pipe, changing the compression amount of the elastic member so that the locking sleeve is engaged with or separated from the second pipe.

5. The power battery device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The locking sleeve includes a sleeve portion and a clamping portion, wherein the sleeve portion extends along the axial direction of the first pipe, and the clamping portion is connected to the sleeve portion and extends toward the center of the first pipe; A clamping groove is provided on the outer wall of the second pipe, and the driving assembly drives the locking sleeve to move so that the clamping portion is clamped into or disengaged from the clamping groove.

6. The power battery device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The driving assembly includes a first component and a second component, wherein the first component is fixed in the fixing sleeve, and the first component drives the second component to move along the axial direction of the first pipe; The second component abuts against the sleeve portion and drives the locking sleeve to move along the radial direction of the first pipe.

7. The power battery device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second component has a first inclined surface at one end facing the sleeve portion, and the first inclined surface is inclined relative to the axial direction of the first pipe; The sleeve portion has a second inclined surface at one end facing the second component. The second inclined surface is in contact with the first inclined surface, and the second inclined surface slides along the first inclined surface.

8. The power battery device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first component is an electromagnetic coil, and the second component is a magnetic member.

9. The power battery device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: One side of the battery compartment has an opening, and the power battery is ejected from the opening to the outside of the battery compartment.

10. The power battery device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The opening is provided corresponding to one side in the width direction of the vehicle body.

11. The power battery device according to claim 9, characterized in that: A driving mechanism is provided on a side of the battery compartment facing away from the opening, and the driving mechanism abuts against the power battery and is used to drive the power battery to detach from the battery compartment at a preset speed.

12. The power battery device according to claim 11, characterized in that: The drive mechanism includes at least one linear motor.

13. The power battery device according to claim 11, characterized in that: A slide rail is provided in the battery compartment, and the slide rail extends from a side away from the opening to a side where the opening is located. A roller is installed on the outer wall of the power battery, and the roller rolls along the slide rail; Wherein, the slide rail is at least arranged on the inner bottom wall of the battery compartment.

14. The power battery device according to claim 9, characterized in that: A locking switch is further provided in the battery compartment, and a positioning portion is provided on the power battery. The locking switch is plugged into or disconnected from the positioning portion.

15. The power battery device according to claim 14, characterized in that: The locking switch includes an electromagnetic coil and an electromagnetic lock pin, wherein the electromagnetic coil is fixed to the battery compartment and the electromagnetic lock pin is inserted into the electromagnetic coil; The electromagnetic coil drives the electromagnetic lock pin to move so that the electromagnetic lock pin is inserted into the positioning portion or is disengaged from the positioning portion.

16. The power battery device according to claim 14, characterized in that: The locking switch is arranged on a side of the battery compartment away from the opening.

17. The power battery device according to claim 14, characterized in that: A retractable positioning pin is further provided in the battery compartment. The positioning pin is arranged close to the opening. When the locking switch is plugged into the positioning portion, the positioning pin abuts against a side wall of the power battery facing the opening.

18. The power battery device according to claim 14, characterized in that: The power battery is provided with a plug, and the battery compartment is provided with a socket. When the locking switch is plugged into the positioning portion, the plug is inserted into the socket.

19. A power battery system, characterized in that: Comprising a monitoring device, a control device and a power battery device according to any one of claims 1 to 18; The monitoring device is used to obtain information about the surrounding environment of the vehicle body to determine whether the vehicle body is in a safe position for the power battery to be released; the control device is used to control the power battery to be released from the battery compartment when the power battery is about to experience thermal runaway and the vehicle body is in the safe position for being released.

20. An electric vehicle, characterized in that: It comprises a vehicle body and the power battery device according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein the power battery device is installed on the vehicle body.

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