Ship main shaft sinking monitoring method and system

Abstract

The present invention provides a method and system for monitoring the sinking of a ship's main shaft, the method comprising: determining the laying parameters of the optical fiber sensing unit based on the sinking monitoring requirements and the radius of the ship's main shaft, and laying the optical fiber sensing unit based on the laying parameters; acquiring the real-time optical signal of the optical fiber sensing unit based on the optical signal acquisition device, and determining the sinking of the ship's main shaft based on the real-time optical signal. The present invention utilizes the characteristics of the optical fiber sensing unit, such as good corrosion resistance, high reliability, and long service life, to improve the accuracy and reliability of monitoring the sinking of the ship's main shaft. Furthermore, the present invention determines the laying parameters of the optical fiber sensing unit based on the sinking monitoring requirements and the radius of the ship's main shaft, and lays the optical fiber sensing unit based on the laying parameters, thereby improving the adaptability of the optical fiber sensing unit to the sinking monitoring requirements and further improving the accuracy and reliability of monitoring the sinking of the ship's main shaft.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ship main shaft monitoring, and in particular to a ship main shaft sinking monitoring method and system. Background Art

[0002] During a ship's motion, the main shaft transmits power to the propeller, driving the vessel. This shaft is typically secured by a vane bearing. Friction between the vane bearing and the main shaft during the ship's motion causes wear in the vane bearing. This wear can cause the main shaft to sink, impacting the vessel's normal navigation. Therefore, regular monitoring of the main shaft's sinking is essential.

[0003] Considering that the propellers and main shafts of large ships operate in a deep water environment and have complex hull structures, it is often necessary for professionals to dive and inspect them after the ship is stopped, but manual inspection is too cumbersome. Therefore, the use of sensors to monitor the sinking amount of the ship's main shaft in real time can improve monitoring efficiency. In the prior art, the sensors for monitoring the sinking amount of the ship's main shaft include eddy current sensors and power sensors. When the eddy current sensor is in the process of working on the ship, impurities in the seawater will affect the operation of the eddy current sensor, so that the eddy current sensor cannot accurately monitor the sinking amount of the ship's main shaft. Similarly, the power sensor must ensure its airtightness in seawater. The infiltration of seawater will cause damage to the power sensor, which in turn causes the power sensor to be unable to accurately monitor the sinking amount of the ship's main shaft. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, it is necessary to provide a method and system for monitoring the sinking amount of a ship main shaft to solve the technical problem of low accuracy and reliability in monitoring the sinking amount of a ship main shaft in the prior art.

[0005] In one aspect, the present invention provides a method for monitoring the sinking of a ship's main shaft, which is used to monitor the sinking of the ship's main shaft based on an optical fiber sensing unit laid below the ship's main shaft. The method for monitoring the sinking of the ship's main shaft comprises:

[0006] Determining the laying parameters of the optical fiber sensing unit based on the sinking monitoring requirements and the radius of the main shaft of the ship, and laying the optical fiber sensing unit based on the laying parameters;

[0007] The real-time optical signal of the optical fiber sensing unit is acquired based on the optical signal acquisition device, and the sinking amount of the ship main shaft is determined based on the real-time optical signal.

[0008] In some possible implementations, the optical fiber sensing unit is a distributed optical fiber sensing unit or a fiber Bragg grating sensing unit;

[0009] The distributed optical fiber sensing unit includes an optical fiber;

[0010] The fiber grating sensing unit includes the optical fiber and a grating arranged on the optical fiber.

[0011] In some possible implementations, the sinking monitoring requirement includes monitoring accuracy, and the laying parameters include the number of rows of the optical fiber sensing units along the axial direction of the ship's main shaft.

[0012] In some possible implementations, the optical fiber sensing unit includes a first row of optical fiber sensing sub-units and a second row of optical fiber sensing sub-units, the first row of optical fiber sensing sub-units includes multiple first sensing optical fibers, the second row of optical fiber sensing sub-units includes multiple second sensing optical fibers, and the axis of the second sensing optical fiber is located on a perpendicular line to the midpoint of a line connecting the centers of two first sensing optical fibers adjacent to the second sensing optical fiber.

[0013] In some possible implementations, the distributed optical fiber sensing unit and the optical fiber Bragg grating sensing unit both further include a capillary hose covering the optical fiber.

[0014] In some possible implementations, the sinking monitoring requirement further includes a sinking monitoring range of the ship's main shaft, and the laying parameters further include the number of optical fibers of the optical fiber sensing unit along the radial direction of the ship's main shaft;

[0015] The number of optical fibers is:

[0016] n=H / D

[0017] Wherein, n is the number of optical fibers; H is the monitoring range of the ship's main shaft sinking; and D is the outer diameter of the capillary hose.

[0018] In some possible implementations, the installation parameters further include the length of the optical fiber, and the length of the optical fiber is:

[0019]

[0020] Wherein, L is the length of the optical fiber; D is the radius of the ship's main shaft; and H is the sinking monitoring range of the ship's main shaft.

[0021] In some possible implementations, when the optical fiber sensing unit is the distributed optical fiber sensing unit, the optical signal acquisition device includes a first light source, a splitter and a photodetector, the two ends of the splitter are respectively connected to the first light source and the distributed optical fiber sensing unit, and the photodetector is connected to the distributed optical fiber sensing unit.

[0022] In some possible implementations, when the optical fiber sensing unit is the optical fiber Bragg grating sensing unit, the optical signal acquisition device includes a second light source, a circulator, and a demodulator, and the circulator is respectively connected to the second light source, the optical fiber Bragg grating sensing unit, and the demodulator.

[0023] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a ship main shaft sinking amount monitoring system for monitoring the sinking amount of the ship main shaft based on an optical fiber sensing unit laid under the ship main shaft, the ship main shaft sinking amount monitoring system comprising:

[0024] an optical fiber sensing unit laying module, configured to determine laying parameters of the optical fiber sensing unit based on a sinking monitoring requirement and a radius of the main shaft of the vessel, and to lay the optical fiber sensing unit based on the laying parameters;

[0025] The ship main shaft sinking amount monitoring module is used to obtain the real-time optical signal of the optical fiber sensing unit based on the optical signal acquisition device, and determine the sinking amount of the ship main shaft based on the real-time optical signal.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the above-described embodiments are as follows: the ship main shaft sinking monitoring method provided by the present invention monitors the sinking of the ship main shaft using an optical fiber sensing unit installed below the ship main shaft. Due to the optical fiber sensing unit's excellent corrosion resistance, high reliability, and long service life, the accuracy and reliability of monitoring the sinking of the ship main shaft can be improved. Furthermore, by determining the installation parameters of the optical fiber sensing unit based on the sinking monitoring requirements and the radius of the ship main shaft, and installing the optical fiber sensing unit based on the installation parameters, the present invention can improve the compatibility of the optical fiber sensing unit with the sinking monitoring requirements, thereby improving the rationality of the installation of the optical fiber sensing unit, and thus further improving the accuracy and reliability of monitoring the sinking of the ship main shaft. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a method for monitoring the sinking amount of a ship's main shaft provided by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the optical fiber sensing unit provided by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention with different numbers of rows of optical fiber sensing units;

[0031] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a process flow of an embodiment of the method for laying an optical fiber sensing unit provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the folded-back optical fiber provided by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the optical signal acquisition device provided by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the optical signal acquisition device provided by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a ship main shaft sinking monitoring system provided by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the electronic device provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] It should be understood that the schematic drawings are not drawn to scale. The flowcharts used in the present invention illustrate operations implemented according to some embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the operations of the flowcharts can be implemented out of sequence, and steps that have no logical contextual relationship can be reversed in order or implemented simultaneously. In addition, those skilled in the art, guided by the content of the present invention, can add one or more other operations to the flowcharts or remove one or more operations from the flowcharts. Some of the block diagrams shown in the accompanying drawings are functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically or logically independent entities. These functional entities can be implemented in the form of software, or in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or in different networks and / or processor systems and / or microcontroller systems.

[0039] References herein to "embodiments" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute a separate or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0040] The present invention provides a method and system for monitoring the sinking amount of a ship's main shaft, which are described below.

[0041] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a method for monitoring the sinking amount of a ship main shaft provided by the present invention is shown as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the method for monitoring the sinking amount of the ship's main shaft includes:

[0042] S101, determining the laying parameters of the optical fiber sensing unit based on the sinking monitoring requirement and the radius of the ship's main shaft, and laying the optical fiber sensing unit 10 based on the laying parameters;

[0043] S102: Acquire a real-time optical signal from the optical fiber sensing unit based on the optical signal acquisition device 20, and determine the sinking amount of the ship's main shaft based on the real-time optical signal.

[0044] Compared to the prior art, the method for monitoring the sinking of a ship's main shaft provided in an embodiment of the present invention monitors the sinking of the ship's main shaft using an optical fiber sensing unit 10 installed below the ship's main shaft. Due to the optical fiber sensing unit 10's excellent corrosion resistance, high reliability, and long service life, the accuracy and reliability of monitoring the sinking of the ship's main shaft can be improved. Furthermore, by determining the installation parameters of the optical fiber sensing unit 10 based on the sinking monitoring requirements and the radius of the ship's main shaft, and installing the optical fiber sensing unit 10 based on the installation parameters, the adaptability of the optical fiber sensing unit 10 to the sinking monitoring requirements can be improved, thereby improving the rationality of the installation of the optical fiber sensing unit 10 and further improving the accuracy and reliability of monitoring the sinking of the ship's main shaft.

[0045] In some embodiments of the present invention, the optical fiber sensing unit 10 is a distributed optical fiber sensing unit 11, such as Figure 2 As shown, the distributed optical fiber sensing unit 11 includes an optical fiber 111 .

[0046] Among them, the principle of the distributed optical fiber sensing unit 11 monitoring the sinking amount of the ship's main shaft is: to judge whether the optical fiber 111 is broken through the real-time optical signal. When the ship's main shaft sinks and the optical fiber breaks, the sinking amount of the ship's main shaft is judged by the number of broken optical fibers.

[0047] However, when the main shaft of the ship sinks but the optical fiber 111 is not broken, the sinking amount of the main shaft of the ship cannot be known only through the optical fiber 111. In order to solve this technical problem, in some embodiments of the present invention, the optical fiber sensing unit 10 is a fiber grating sensing unit 12, such as Figure 2 As shown, the fiber grating sensing unit includes 12 optical fibers 111 and gratings 121 arranged on the optical fibers.

[0048] Since the grating in the fiber Bragg grating sensing unit 12 is more sensitive to stress changes, the accuracy and sensitivity of the fiber Bragg grating sensing unit 10 can be improved by setting the fiber Bragg grating sensing unit 10 as the fiber Bragg grating sensing unit 12 compared to the distributed fiber Bragg grating sensing unit 11 .

[0049] It should be noted that, in order to improve the efficiency and accuracy of the subsequent determination of the sinking amount of the ship's main shaft based on the real-time optical signal, the gratings 121 in the fiber grating sensing unit 12 are distributed at equal intervals on the optical fiber 111 .

[0050] In some embodiments of the present invention, the sinking monitoring requirement includes monitoring accuracy, and the laying parameters include the number of rows of the optical fiber sensing units 10 along the axial direction of the ship's main shaft.

[0051] like Figure 3 As shown, when there is only one row of optical fiber sensing units 10, the monitoring accuracy of the optical fiber sensing unit 10 is the distance between two adjacent optical fibers 111, that is, the diameter of the optical fiber. Therefore, the monitoring accuracy of a single row of optical fiber sensing units is limited by the diameter of the optical fiber 111.

[0052] In order to improve the monitoring accuracy of the optical fiber sensing unit, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 3 As shown, the optical fiber sensing unit 10 includes a first row of optical fiber sensing sub-units 101 and a second row of optical fiber sensing sub-units 102. The first row of optical fiber sensing sub-units 101 includes multiple first sensing optical fibers 1011, and the second row of optical fiber sensing sub-units 102 includes multiple second sensing optical fibers 1021. The axis of the second sensing optical fiber 1021 is located on a perpendicular line to the midpoint of the line connecting the centers of the two first sensing optical fibers 1011 adjacent to the second sensing optical fiber 1021.

[0053] In the embodiment of the present invention, the optical fiber sensing unit 10 includes a first row of optical fiber sensing subunits 101 and a second row of optical fiber sensing subunits 102 that are staggered and parallel, so that the accuracy of the optical fiber sensing unit 10 can be half the diameter of the optical fiber 111, thereby improving the monitoring accuracy of the optical fiber sensing unit 10.

[0054] Furthermore, since the optical fibers 111 are relatively fragile and easily broken, and it is difficult to place the exposed optical fibers 111 neatly side by side during installation, in some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 3As shown, the distributed optical fiber sensing unit 11 and the optical fiber Bragg grating sensing unit 12 both further include a capillary tube 112 covering the optical fiber 111 .

[0055] In the embodiment of the present invention, the distributed optical fiber sensing unit 11 and the optical fiber Bragg grating sensing unit 12 are both provided with a capillary tube 112 covering the optical fiber 111 , thereby improving the toughness and fixability of the optical fiber sensing unit 10 .

[0056] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the capillary hose 112 may be made of stainless steel.

[0057] It should be noted that: when the distributed optical fiber sensing unit 11 and the optical fiber Bragg grating sensing unit 12 both further include a capillary hose 112 covering the optical fiber 111, the monitoring accuracy of the single-row optical fiber sensing unit 10 is the outer diameter of the capillary hose 112, and the monitoring accuracy of the double-row optical fiber sensing unit 10 is half of the outer diameter of the capillary hose 112.

[0058] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the optical fiber 111 is 0.01 mm, and the outer diameter of the capillary tube 112 is 0.03 mm.

[0059] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 4 As shown, the sinking monitoring requirements also include the sinking monitoring range of the ship's main shaft, and the laying parameters also include the number of optical fibers of the optical fiber sensing unit 11 along the radial direction of the ship's main shaft;

[0060] The number of optical fibers is:

[0061] n=H / d

[0062] Where n is the number of optical fibers; H is the monitoring range of the ship's main shaft sinking; and d is the outer diameter of the capillary hose.

[0063] In some embodiments of the present invention, the installation parameters further include the length of the optical fiber 111, and the length of the optical fiber 111 is:

[0064]

[0065] Wherein, L is the length of the optical fiber 111; D is the radius of the ship's main shaft; and H is the sinking monitoring range of the ship's main shaft.

[0066] It should be noted that: when the optical fiber sensing unit 10 is a fiber Bragg grating sensing unit 12, Figure 5 As shown, the optical fiber 111 in the fiber Bragg grating sensing unit 12 can be a folded optical fiber, that is, an initial optical fiber can be folded back to form multiple double-row optical fibers 111, and the length of each optical fiber 111 can be:

[0067]

[0068] The initial fiber length L0 is:

[0069]

[0070] It should be noted that each optical fiber 111 includes a grating 121 , and the grating 121 is located in the middle of each optical fiber 111 .

[0071] In some embodiments of the present invention, when the optical fiber sensing unit is a distributed optical fiber sensing unit, such as Figure 6 As shown, the optical signal acquisition device 20 includes a first light source 21, a splitter 22 and a photodetector 23. The two ends of the splitter 22 are respectively connected to the first light source 21 and the distributed optical fiber sensing unit 11. The photodetector 23 is connected to the distributed optical fiber sensing unit 11.

[0072] It should be noted that the number of the photoelectric detectors 23 is the same as the number of the optical fibers 111 in the distributed optical fiber sensing unit 11 .

[0073] Among them, the working principle of the optical signal acquisition device 20 is: the light emitted by the first light source 21 is transmitted to the splitter 22 via the optical cable, and then the splitter 22 divides the light into multiple optical fibers 111. The photodetector 23 receives the real-time optical signal generated by each optical fiber 111 and determines the sinking amount of the ship's main shaft based on the real-time optical signal.

[0074] It should also be noted that: due to the complex environment in which the distributed fiber optic sensing unit 11 is located, other factors such as the environment, stress, time, etc. will affect the real-time optical signal transmitted by the optical fiber 111. Therefore, the optical fiber 111 in the distributed fiber optic sensing unit 11 is provided to include a reference optical fiber and multiple monitoring optical fibers. The signal generated by the reference optical fiber is used as a reference for comparison to ensure the reliability of the real-time optical signal analysis, thereby ensuring the reliability of the determined sinking amount of the ship's main shaft.

[0075] In some embodiments of the present invention, when the optical fiber sensing unit 10 is a fiber Bragg grating sensing unit 12, as shown in FIG. Figure 7 As shown, the optical signal acquisition device 20 includes a second light source 24, a circulator 25 and a demodulator 26. The circulator 25 is connected to the second light source 24, the fiber Bragg grating sensor unit 12 and the demodulator 26 respectively.

[0076] Among them, such as Figure 7 As shown, the circulator 25 is connected to the bottom optical fiber of the fiber Bragg grating sensing unit 12 .

[0077] The working principle of the optical signal acquisition device 20 is as follows: the second light source 24 emits light and transmits the light to the fiber Bragg grating sensor unit 12 through the circulator 25 to generate a real-time optical signal. The real-time optical signal passes through the end of the fiber Bragg grating sensor unit 12 and is reflected back to the circulator 25. The circulator 25 then transmits the light to the demodulator 26. The demodulator 26 uses time division / wavelength division multiplexing technology to analyze the wavelength of the real-time optical signal to determine the sinking amount of the ship's main shaft.

[0078] The time division multiplexing (TDM) technology uses a pulse light source, each grating 121 operates in the same wavelength range, and uses optical fibers 111 of different lengths as optical delay devices to generate delay.

[0079] Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) technology connects gratings 121 of different wavelengths to the optical fiber 111. Due to the different wavelengths, wavelength superposition will not occur. Each grating 121 occupies a certain spectral range, and the operating wavelengths do not overlap.

[0080] By using time division / wavelength division multiplexing technology, the wavelength of the real-time optical signal detected by the demodulator 26 will change. By analyzing the wavelength of the real-time optical signal received by the demodulator 26, the breakage status of the optical fiber 111 can be obtained, thereby monitoring the sinking amount of the ship's main shaft.

[0081] In order to better implement the ship main shaft sinking amount monitoring method in the embodiment of the present invention, based on the ship main shaft sinking amount monitoring method, correspondingly, Figure 8 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a ship main shaft sinking amount monitoring system for monitoring the sinking amount of the ship main shaft based on an optical fiber sensing unit laid under the ship main shaft. The ship main shaft sinking amount monitoring system 800 includes:

[0082] The optical fiber sensing unit installation module 801 is used to determine the installation parameters of the optical fiber sensing unit based on the sinking monitoring requirements and the radius of the ship's main shaft, and to install the optical fiber sensing unit based on the installation parameters;

[0083] The ship main shaft sinking amount monitoring module 802 is used to obtain the real-time optical signal of the optical fiber sensing unit based on the optical signal acquisition device, and determine the sinking amount of the ship main shaft based on the real-time optical signal.

[0084] The ship main shaft sinking amount monitoring system 800 provided in the above embodiment can implement the technical solution described in the above embodiment of the ship main shaft sinking amount monitoring method. The specific implementation principles of the above modules or units can refer to the corresponding contents in the above embodiment of the ship main shaft sinking amount monitoring method, which will not be repeated here.

[0085] like Figure 9 As shown, the present invention also provides an electronic device 900. The electronic device 900 includes a processor 901, a memory 902 and a display 903. Figure 9 Only some of the components of the electronic device 900 are shown, but it should be understood that implementation of all of the shown components is not required, and more or fewer components may be implemented instead.

[0086] In some embodiments, the memory 902 may be an internal storage unit of the electronic device 900, such as a hard disk or memory of the electronic device 900. In other embodiments, the memory 902 may also be an external storage device of the electronic device 900, such as a plug-in hard disk, a smart media card (SMC), a secure digital (SD) card, a flash card, etc. equipped on the electronic device 900.

[0087] Furthermore, the memory 902 may include both an internal storage unit of the electronic device 900 and an external storage device. The memory 902 is used to store application software installed in the electronic device 900 and various data.

[0088] In some embodiments, the processor 901 may be a central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, or other data processing chip, configured to execute program codes or process data stored in the memory 902, such as the ship main shaft sinking monitoring method of the present invention.

[0089] In some embodiments, the display 903 can be an LED display, a liquid crystal display, a touch-sensitive liquid crystal display, or an OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) touchscreen. The display 903 is used to display information on the electronic device 900 and to display a visual user interface. Components 901-903 of the electronic device 900 communicate with each other via a system bus.

[0090] In some embodiments of the present invention, when the processor 901 executes the ship main shaft sinking amount monitoring program in the memory 902, the following steps may be implemented:

[0091] Determining the laying parameters of the optical fiber sensing unit based on the sinking monitoring requirements and the radius of the ship's main shaft, and laying the optical fiber sensing unit based on the laying parameters;

[0092] The optical signal acquiring device acquires the real-time optical signal of the optical fiber sensing unit, and determines the sinking amount of the ship's main shaft based on the real-time optical signal.

[0093] It should be understood that, when the processor 901 executes the ship main shaft sinking monitoring program in the memory 902 , in addition to the above functions, it can also implement other functions. For details, please refer to the description of the corresponding method embodiment above.

[0094] Furthermore, the embodiment of the present invention does not specifically limit the type of the electronic device 900 mentioned. The electronic device 900 may be a portable electronic device such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wearable device, or a laptop computer. Exemplary embodiments of portable electronic devices include but are not limited to portable electronic devices equipped with iOS, Android, Microsoft or other operating systems. The above-mentioned portable electronic devices may also be other portable electronic devices, such as a laptop computer with a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a touch panel). It should also be understood that in some other embodiments of the present invention, the electronic device 900 may not be a portable electronic device, but a desktop computer with a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a touch panel).

[0095] Accordingly, an embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which is used to store computer-readable programs or instructions. When the program or instructions are executed by a processor, the steps or functions of the ship main shaft sinking monitoring method provided in the above-mentioned method embodiments can be implemented.

[0096] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the process steps of the above-described embodiments can be implemented by instructing related hardware (such as a processor, a controller, etc.) through a computer program, and the computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory, or a random access memory.

[0097] The above is a detailed introduction to the ship main shaft sinking monitoring method and system provided by the present invention. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea; at the same time, for technical personnel in this field, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring the sinking of a ship's main shaft, characterized in that: The method for monitoring the sinking amount of the ship's main shaft based on an optical fiber sensing unit laid below the ship's main shaft comprises: Determining the laying parameters of the optical fiber sensing unit based on the sinking monitoring requirements and the radius of the ship's main shaft, and laying the optical fiber sensing unit based on the laying parameters; the sinking monitoring requirements include the sinking monitoring range of the ship's main shaft; acquiring a real-time optical signal from the optical fiber sensing unit based on an optical signal acquiring device, and determining a sinking amount of the main shaft of the ship based on the real-time optical signal; The optical fiber sensing unit includes a first row of optical fiber sensing sub-units and a second row of optical fiber sensing sub-units, the first row of optical fiber sensing sub-units includes multiple first sensing optical fibers, the second row of optical fiber sensing sub-units includes multiple second sensing optical fibers, and the axis of the second sensing optical fiber is located on a perpendicular line to the midpoint of a line connecting the centers of two first sensing optical fibers adjacent to the second sensing optical fiber.

2. The method for monitoring the sinking amount of a ship main shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical fiber sensing unit is a distributed optical fiber sensing unit or a fiber Bragg grating sensing unit; The distributed optical fiber sensing unit includes an optical fiber; The fiber grating sensing unit includes the optical fiber and a grating arranged on the optical fiber.

3. The method for monitoring the sinking amount of a ship main shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sinking monitoring requirements include monitoring accuracy, and the laying parameters include the number of rows of the optical fiber sensing units along the axial direction of the ship's main shaft.

4. The method for monitoring the sinking amount of a ship main shaft according to claim 2, characterized in that: The distributed optical fiber sensing unit and the optical fiber Bragg grating sensing unit both further include a capillary hose covering the optical fiber.

5. The method for monitoring the sinking amount of a ship main shaft according to claim 4, characterized in that: The laying parameters also include the number of optical fibers of the optical fiber sensing unit along the radial direction of the main axis of the ship; The number of optical fibers is: n=H / d Wherein, n is the number of optical fibers; H is the monitoring range of the ship's main shaft sinking; and d is the outer diameter of the capillary hose.

6. The method for monitoring the sinking amount of a ship main shaft according to claim 2, characterized in that: The laying parameters also include the length of the optical fiber, which is: Where, is the length of the optical fiber; is the radius of the ship's main shaft; H is the sinking monitoring range of the ship's main shaft.

7. The method for monitoring the sinking amount of a ship main shaft according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the optical fiber sensing unit is the distributed optical fiber sensing unit, the optical signal acquisition device includes a first light source, a splitter and a photodetector, the two ends of the splitter are respectively connected to the first light source and the distributed optical fiber sensing unit, and the photodetector is connected to the distributed optical fiber sensing unit.

8. The method for monitoring the sinking amount of a ship main shaft according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the optical fiber sensing unit is the optical fiber Bragg grating sensing unit, the optical signal acquisition device includes a second light source, a circulator and a demodulator, and the circulator is connected to the second light source, the optical fiber Bragg grating sensing unit and the demodulator respectively.

9. A ship main shaft sinking monitoring system, characterized in that: The system is used to monitor the sinking amount of the ship's main shaft based on an optical fiber sensing unit laid below the ship's main shaft. The ship's main shaft sinking amount monitoring system includes: an optical fiber sensing unit installation module, configured to determine installation parameters of the optical fiber sensing unit based on a sinking monitoring requirement and a radius of the ship's main shaft, and to install the optical fiber sensing unit based on the installation parameters; the sinking monitoring requirement includes a sinking monitoring range of the ship's main shaft; a ship main shaft sinking amount monitoring module, configured to obtain a real-time optical signal from the optical fiber sensing unit based on an optical signal obtaining device, and determine the sinking amount of the ship main shaft based on the real-time optical signal; The optical fiber sensing unit includes a first row of optical fiber sensing sub-units and a second row of optical fiber sensing sub-units, the first row of optical fiber sensing sub-units includes multiple first sensing optical fibers, the second row of optical fiber sensing sub-units includes multiple second sensing optical fibers, and the axis of the second sensing optical fiber is located on a perpendicular line to the midpoint of a line connecting the centers of two first sensing optical fibers adjacent to the second sensing optical fiber.

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