Tea tree biological fertilizer and its preparation method and application

Abstract

The invention discloses a tea tree biological medicine fertilizer and a preparation method and application thereof. The tea tree biological medicine fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 600-1200 parts of Chinese medicine residues, 100-250 parts of linseed oil meal, 100-250 parts of tea seed oil meal, and 1-1.5 parts of microbial agent; the Chinese medicine residue is at least one of monkey earring residue, angelica root residue, and sheep horn residue. The tea tree biological medicine fertilizer of the invention has a good control effect on underground pests of tea garden tea geometrids, tea caterpillars, tea horn-breasted leaf beetles, and large gray weevils, and can effectively increase the yield of fresh tea leaves, especially the yield of Mingqian tea, and stably increase the economic benefits of tea.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological agriculture, and in particular, relates to a tea tree biological fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, as well as an application of the biological fertilizer in preventing and controlling tea garden pests. Background Art

[0002] Fertilizer is an indispensable nutrient for tea cultivation. However, decades of large-scale use and irrational application have led to a decrease in soil organic matter, excessive soil weathering, severe acidification and compaction, decreased fertility, and serious imbalance of beneficial microorganisms and nutrients. This has caused DNA mutations in some insects and bacteria, aggravated diseases and pests, and increased pesticide use, which has led to a decline in tea quality and seriously affected food safety and human health.

[0003] The main pests in tea gardens include underground pests such as the gray tea looper, tea caterpillar, tea leaf beetle, and large gray weevil.

[0004] 1. Tea geometrid, commonly known as arch worm, arch back worm, and hanging silk worm, is one of the main pests of Chinese tea trees. Because this insect has many generations, reproduces quickly, and spreads rapidly, it is easy to break out into a disaster. The larvae bite the leaves into arc-shaped notches. When the occurrence is serious, the new shoots of the tea tree will be eaten bare, leaving only bare branches. When a large outbreak occurs, the entire tea garden is often eaten up, and it looks like a burn, which has a great impact on tea production. The habit of reproduction is 5 to 7 generations per year, and the pupae overwinter in the surface soil under the canopy. The burrowing part is mostly within a radius of 33 cm from the root and the depth of 5 cm. The overwintering pupae are mostly on the sunny side of the tea tree. Conventional prevention and control methods include spraying pesticides, deep plowing to kill pupae, deep plowing and basal fertilizer application in autumn and winter to kill pupae, and removing pupae in the surface soil under the canopy to reduce the source of insects.

[0005] 2. The larvae of the tea leaf beetle feed on the roots of tea trees. The adults bite the back of mature leaves or bud leaves to form several small holes. Multiple round holes can be connected into irregular large holes. In severe cases, the leaves of the entire tea garden are bitten and riddled with holes, which has a great impact on the yield of summer and autumn tea. There is one generation per year, and the mature larvae overwinter in the circular soil chamber in the rhizosphere from November to April of the following year. From early April, they pupate in the soil in batches, and the peak period of adult in the field is from mid-May to mid-June. Each female can lay 50 to 80 eggs in her lifetime, and the eggs are mainly laid in the topsoil layer of the tea garden and under dead branches and fallen leaves. After the larvae hatch, they drill into the topsoil layer to feed on the roots and humus of the tea trees. Conventional prevention and control methods include spraying pesticides, manually removing overwintering egg masses, and killing pupae in time combined with inter-cultivation and soil cultivation.

[0006] 3. The larvae of the large gray weevil feed on humus and fibrous roots, and damage the host root system. After the mature larvae emerge from the leaves, they crawl onto the tea tree and bite the tender buds and leaves. If there are no tender buds and leaves, they will bite the old leaves. As the age of the larvae increases, the amount of leaves they eat increases. In mild cases, small holes and notches appear on the damaged leaves. In severe cases, only the main veins of the leaves remain. There is one generation per year, and the larvae overwinter in the topsoil under the tree canopy, and begin to pupate and emerge in April of the following year. After the eggs hatch, the larvae crawl out of the eggshell, burrow into the soil to a depth of 10cm to 50cm, and live in the soil. After the larvae mature, they make an oval soil chamber to pupate. Conventional prevention and control methods include spraying pesticides, cleaning the garden and tilling the soil in winter, which can kill a large number of larvae and pupae.

[0007] 4. The adult tea weevil harms the new shoots and tender leaves of tea trees, biting the leaves from the edge into notches, or even leaving only the veins, which is more harmful to summer tea. The larvae feed on the fibrous roots and humus of tea trees under the soil. If there are many cases, it will affect the tree vigor and yield. The mature larvae hibernate in the soil under the canopy of the tea bushes, with one generation per year. They will pupate from late March to early April of the following year, and the adults will emerge from the ground in mid-to-late April. The peak period for adults is from the end of May to June. Conventional prevention and control methods include spraying pesticides. During the pupal stage and overwintering period of the tea weevil, the fallen leaves and topsoil are turned into fertilizer ditches and covered with soil, or deep plowing is performed to kill the pupae, which can significantly reduce the number of the first generation of larvae in the following year.

[0008] In recent years, my country has achieved the goal of implementing the "zero growth" plan for the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs is also expanding the pilot scope of organic fertilizers to replace chemical fertilizers for fruits, vegetables and tea. As tea is an important crop and traditional specialty industry in my country, the construction and promotion of ecological tea gardens will also receive great attention from the whole society. Due to the mandatory management of the construction of ecological tea gardens by the state, the development of biological fertilizers has a new opportunity.

[0009] At present, there are many reports on the research on the combination of fertilizers and pesticides used in crops, but there are few reports on the production of tea tree bio-fertilizers with Chinese medicine residues and edible oil cakes as the main ingredients, especially the use of their special ingredients (phenolic compounds, flavonoid compounds, aromatic plants that have olfactory, repellent, antifeedant, and nutritional interference effects on pests) and the rational combination of materials rich in microorganisms, organic matter and trace elements. Summary of the invention

[0010] Based on this, the object of the present invention is to provide a tea tree biological fertilizer and a preparation method thereof and an application in preventing and controlling tea garden pests.

[0011] The technical solutions for achieving the above-mentioned invention objectives include the following.

[0012] The first aspect of the present invention provides a tea tree bio-pesticide fertilizer, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 600-1200 parts of Chinese medicinal residues, 100-250 parts of linseed oil meal, 100-250 parts of tea seed oil meal, and 1-1.5 parts of microbial agent; the Chinese medicinal residue is at least one of monkey earring residue, angelica root residue, and sheep horn residue.

[0013] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing tea biological fertilizer, comprising the following steps: crushing Chinese medicine residues, linseed oil meal and tea seed oil meal, adding microbial agents, stirring evenly, conveying them into a horizontal fermentation tank for fermentation for 4 to 6 days, and then composting for 15 to 20 days, and then crushing, granulating and screening to obtain tea biological fertilizer.

[0014] The third aspect of the present invention provides a method for controlling tea garden pests, comprising the following steps: applying the above-mentioned tea tree biological fertilizer in the tea garden once from November to December every year.

[0015] In the present invention, the inventors start from the overall tea garden ecosystem, according to the growth habits of tea trees and the characteristics of tea tree diseases and pests, use several special Chinese medicine residues and edible oil cakes as main raw materials, and make biological fertilizers through composting technology. After being used in tea garden fields, the biological fertilizers can increase soil organic matter and soil microorganisms, improve soil structure, increase soil absorption capacity, promote crop growth and prevent and control diseases, have good prevention and control effects on underground pests such as tea loopers, tea caterpillars, tea horned chest beetles, and large gray weevils in tea gardens, and can effectively increase the yield of fresh tea leaves, especially the yield of Mingqian tea, and steadily improve the economic benefits of tea.

[0016] The tea tree biological medicinal fertilizer of the present invention has long-lasting fertilizer and medicinal effects, saves pesticide, fertilizer and labor costs, reduces agricultural residues in tea leaves and pollution to the environment, and ensures the quality safety of tea leaves and the ecological safety of tea gardens. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully below. The present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the understanding of the disclosure of the present invention more thorough and comprehensive.

[0018] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs. The terms used in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used in the present invention includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0019] The experimental methods in the following examples where specific conditions are not specified are generally carried out under conventional conditions, such as those described in Green and Sambrook et al., Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual (2013), or according to the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The various commonly used chemical reagents used in the examples are all commercially available products.

[0020] In some embodiments of the present invention, a tea tree bio-fertilizer is disclosed, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 600-1200 parts of Chinese medicinal residues, 100-250 parts of linseed oil meal, 100-250 parts of tea seed oil meal, and 1-1.5 parts of microbial agent; the Chinese medicinal residue is at least one of monkey earring residue, angelica residue, and sheep horn residue.

[0021] In some embodiments, the tea tree biological fertilizer includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 250-350 parts of monkey earring residue, 250-350 parts of angelica root residue, 250-350 parts of sheep horn residue, 100-150 parts of linseed oil meal, 100-150 parts of tea seed oil meal, and 1.2-1.5 parts of microbial agent.

[0022] In some of the embodiments, the tea tree biological fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 350-400 parts of monkey earring residue, 350-400 parts of angelica root residue, 100-150 parts of linseed oil meal, 100-150 parts of tea seed oil meal, and 1.0-1.2 parts of microbial agent.

[0023] In some embodiments, the tea tree biological fertilizer includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 350-400 parts of monkey earring residue, 350-400 parts of sheep horn residue, 100-150 parts of linseed oil meal, 100-150 parts of tea seed oil meal, and 1.2-1.5 parts of microbial agent.

[0024] In some of the embodiments, the monkey earring residue is the product obtained by extracting medicinal ingredients from the stems, bark and leaves of monkey earrings by steam distillation; the angelica root residue is the product obtained by extracting medicinal ingredients from the whole plant of angelica root by steam distillation; the sheep horn residue is the product obtained by extracting medicinal ingredients from the stems, bark and leaves of sheep horn root by supercritical fluid extraction; the linseed oil meal is the product obtained by extracting linseed oil from linseed by subcritical low-temperature extraction; the tea seed oil meal is the product obtained by extracting tea seed oil from the fruits of the tea tree in autumn, which are picked and pressed at low temperature.

[0025] In some embodiments, the microbial agent is an organic matter decomposition agent.

[0026] In some embodiments, the microbial agent includes Bacillus subtilis, yeast, and / or Aspergillus niger.

[0027] In the raw materials of the tea tree biological fertilizer of the present invention, the main chemical components of monkey earrings are flavonoids, phenols, triterpenes, steroids, volatile oils and other compounds, which have antifungal and antiviral pharmacological effects. Monkey earrings extract plant-derived bactericidal and insecticides. The bark contains tannins, which have antibacterial effects and have a defensive effect on pests and diseases. Herba Lycopodii contains coumarin-like aromatic oils, which can be used to extract essences and be used as tobacco and balsam; the dry product can be used as medicine to prevent insect-eaten clothing, treat toothache, and drive roundworms. Herba Lycopodii contains coumarins that are anti-Escherichia coli, antifungal, and larvicidal. The chemical components of the roots or stems and leaves of Herba Lycopodii are cardiac glycoside compounds, which have many biological activities such as cardiotonic and anti-tumor. The toxic amount can directly excite the sympathetic nerve center and peripheral sympathetic nerves, leading to toxic reactions such as rapid arrhythmia. It has the effects of removing rheumatism, unblocking meridians, detoxifying sores, and killing insects. It is used as an insecticide and poisonous sparrows and rats in agriculture. Flaxseed oil residue is the product of flaxseed oil extracted from mature flax seeds by low-temperature pressing. Cold-pressed flaxseed oil is rich in crude protein, fat, and total sugar, which is as high as 84.07%. The α-linolenic acid content in flaxseed oil is 53%. α-linolenic acid is an essential fatty acid for the human body, and has the functions of disease resistance, drought resistance, fungus resistance, virus resistance, herbicide resistance, hydrofluoride resistance, alkali resistance, and pesticide resistance. Flaxseed oil residue has always been used as a feed ingredient for cattle and a good feed raw material, but not as a raw material for poultry feed. The main reason is that flaxseed contains a toxic factor, cyanogenic glycoside, which will produce cyanamide after hydrolysis. Hydrocyanic acid acts on the respiratory center and vasomotor center, paralyzing them and finally leading to death. Tea seed oil residue is the fruit of tea trees in autumn, which is picked and low-temperature pressed to extract tea seed oil. Studies have shown that tea seed oil residue contains a large number of biologically active ingredients, including tea saponins, phenols, polysaccharides, amino acids, trace elements and minerals. Tea saponin is a pentacyclic triterpene compound, which is used as a wetting agent and suspending agent in solid pesticides. It can also be directly used as a biological pesticide, which has direct killing and anti-feeding activity on Lepidoptera insects. In addition, theophylline, tannins, etc. can also help remove soil pests and have a defensive effect on diseases and pests, thereby achieving the effect of biological insect control and pest control. Tea seed oil residue is a good protein feed, but the tea seed oil cake contains toxic substances such as saponins and tannins, which restricts the development and utilization of the feed.

[0028] The inventor of the present invention has mastered the activity characteristics, harmful traits and hatching rules of four major pests in tea gardens (gray tea geometrid, tea caterpillar, tea horn-thorax leaf beetle and large gray weevil) through practical exploration in many years of plant protection work, explored the respective characteristics and substances contained in several traditional Chinese medicine residues and edible oil cakes, and appropriately and cleverly combined them. On the one hand, volatile aromatic substances are selected to attract insects for pollination, interfere with the sense of smell, repellency, refusal to feed and nutrition of pests, introduce phenolic compounds to make groundworms enter the body through the skin mucosa and respiratory tract, cause cumulative chronic poisoning, make the pests jump disorder, neurological aphasia, hallucination, confusion, dizziness, headache, mental anxiety, loss of appetite, vomiting and diarrhea; on the other hand, the toxicity of hydrogen cyanide is used to paralyze the respiratory center and vascular motor center of the pests, and then the multiple anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic and anti-viral biological properties of flavonoid compounds are fully utilized to achieve coordination and mutual modification, thereby improving the specific effect of biological fertilizer.

[0029] In other embodiments of the present invention, a preparation method of tea tree biological fertilizer is disclosed, comprising the following steps: crushing traditional Chinese medicine residues and edible oil cakes, adding microbial agents, and putting them into a mixer for mixing and stirring; after stirring evenly, conveying them into a horizontal fermentation tank for fermentation for 4 to 6 days to obtain fermented materials, and then conveying the fermented materials into an aging tank for decomposition for 15 to 20 days. When the moisture of the materials evaporates and the temperature drops to room temperature, they are crushed, granulated, and sieved to obtain the materials.

[0030] In other embodiments of the present invention, a method for controlling tea garden pests is disclosed, comprising the following steps: applying the above-mentioned tea tree biological pesticide fertilizer in the tea garden once from November to December each year. The inventors of the present invention also found in their research that the four main pests in the tea garden have similarities in overwintering, all of which overwinter in the soil under the canopy of the tea bushes as eggs, pupae, and mature larvae. In addition to spraying pesticides, the control method mainly involves deep ploughing and soil cultivation in the cold winter season, turning over the topsoil to kill pupae, removing larvae and pupae in the topsoil under the canopy, and reducing the insect source. Therefore, the best effect of applying biological pesticide fertilizers in the cold winter season (November to December) is the best.

[0031] In some of the embodiments, the amount of fertilizer applied to a mature tea garden is 300kg / mu to 500kg / mu, a ditch with a depth of 30cm to 40cm is dug in the middle of the tea row, the above-mentioned tea tree biological fertilizer is applied, and the soil is covered and watered in time after application; the amount of fertilizer applied to a single-row tea garden on a high mountain slope is 200kg / mu to 300kg / mu, a ditch with a depth of 25cm to 30cm is dug close to the hillside, the above-mentioned tea tree biological fertilizer is applied, and the soil is covered and watered in time after application.

[0032] In some embodiments, the tea garden pests include gray tea geometrid, tea caterpillar, tea horned leaf beetle and large gray weevil.

[0033] In the following examples, the Chinese medicine residue was provided by Guangdong Yililuo Ding Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., the flaxseed oil meal was provided by Guangxi Bama Teyou Changshou Food Co., Ltd., the tea seed oil meal was provided by Yunnan Lincang Yiye Biotechnology Co., Ltd., and the microbial agent was provided by the School of Chemical Engineering and Energy of Zhengzhou University. Unless otherwise specified, the formulas, reagents, methods and equipment used in the examples of the present invention are all conventional formulas, reagents, methods and equipment in the art.

[0034] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0035] Example 1 Tea tree biological fertilizer and preparation method thereof

[0036] The tea tree biological fertilizer of this embodiment comprises the following raw materials in the following weight percentages: 250 parts of monkey earrings residues, 250 parts of angelica dahurica residues, 250 parts of sheep hornwort residues, 100 parts of linseed oil meal, 150 parts of tea seed oil meal, and 1.2 parts of microbial agent.

[0037] The preparation method of the tea tree biological medicinal fertilizer of the present embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0038] (1) Grind 250 kg of monkey earrings residue, 250 kg of angelica dahurica residue, 250 kg of sheep horn residue, 100 kg of linseed oil meal, and 150 kg of tea seed oil meal into 100 mesh powder, then add 1.2 kg of microbial agent, put into a blender for mixing.

[0039] (2) After being stirred evenly, the mixture is transported to a horizontal fermentation tank for fermentation for 5 days to obtain the fermented material, and then the fermented material is transported to an aging tank for decomposition for 18 days. When the water content of the material evaporates and the temperature drops to room temperature, the material is crushed, granulated and sieved to obtain the product.

[0040] Example 2 Tea tree biological fertilizer and preparation method thereof

[0041] The tea tree biological fertilizer of this embodiment comprises the following raw materials in the following weight percentages: 200 parts of monkey earrings residues, 250 parts of angelica dahurica residues, 300 parts of sheep hornwort residues, 100 parts of linseed oil meal, 150 parts of tea seed oil meal, and 1.0 part of microbial agent.

[0042] The preparation method of the tea tree biological medicinal fertilizer in this embodiment is the same as that in Example 1.

[0043] Example 3 Tea tree biological fertilizer and preparation method thereof

[0044] The tea tree biological fertilizer of this embodiment comprises the following raw materials in the following weight percentages: 250 parts of monkey earrings residues, 200 parts of angelica dahurica residues, 300 parts of sheep hornwort residues, 150 parts of linseed oil meal, 100 parts of tea seed oil meal, and 1.5 parts of microbial agent.

[0045] The preparation method of the tea tree biological medicinal fertilizer in this embodiment is the same as that in Example 1.

[0046] Example 4 Tea tree biological fertilizer and preparation method thereof

[0047] The tea tree biological fertilizer of this embodiment is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400 parts of monkey earring residues, 400 parts of angelica dahurica residues, 100 parts of linseed oil meal, 100 parts of tea seed oil meal, and 1 part of microbial agent.

[0048] The preparation method of the tea tree biological medicinal fertilizer in this embodiment is the same as that in Example 1.

[0049] Example 5 Tea tree biological fertilizer and preparation method thereof

[0050] The tea tree biological fertilizer of this embodiment is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 350 parts of monkey earring residues, 350 parts of sheep horn residues, 150 parts of linseed oil meal, 150 parts of tea seed oil meal, and 1.5 parts of microbial agent.

[0051] The preparation method of the tea tree biological medicinal fertilizer in this embodiment is the same as that in Example 1.

[0052] Example 6 Tea tree biological fertilizer and preparation method thereof

[0053] The tea tree biological fertilizer of the present embodiment is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 700 parts of monkey earring residues, 150 parts of linseed oil meal, 150 parts of tea seed oil meal, and 1.5 parts of microbial agent.

[0054] The preparation method of the tea tree biological medicinal fertilizer in this embodiment is the same as that in Example 1.

[0055] Example 7 Tea tree biological fertilizer and preparation method thereof

[0056] The tea tree biological fertilizer of this embodiment is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 700 parts of angelica dahurica residues, 150 parts of linseed oil meal, 150 parts of tea seed oil meal, and 1.5 parts of microbial agent.

[0057] The preparation method of the tea tree biological medicinal fertilizer in this embodiment is the same as that in Example 1.

[0058] Example 8 Tea tree biological fertilizer and preparation method thereof

[0059] The tea tree biological fertilizer of this embodiment is made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 700 parts of Yangjiaonao medicinal residues, 150 parts of linseed oil meal, 150 parts of tea seed oil meal, and 1.5 parts of microbial agent.

[0060] The preparation method of the tea tree biological medicinal fertilizer in this embodiment is the same as that in Example 1.

[0061] Field test results of biological fertilizer

[0062] The quality of the biological fertilizer products of Examples 1 to 8 is tested and meets the industry standards of organic fertilizers (NY525-2021), biological organic fertilizers (NY884-2021) and granular fertilizer technical specifications (NY / T3589-2020) of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs.

[0063] In order to verify the effects of the biological fertilizers and inorganic compound fertilizers, ordinary organic fertilizers and conventional fertilization of Examples 1 to 8 of the present invention on the occurrence of major underground pests of tea trees and the effects on the quality and yield of tea leaves, a tea garden was selected at the scientific research demonstration base of the applicant's unit for testing. The variety planted in the test site was the mature Yinghong No. 9, the soil fertility was medium, and tea tree pests were frequent.

[0064] 1. Experimental methods

[0065] The fertilization test was conducted on December 5, 2021, and the treatment area was 667m 2 , uniformly dig trenches and apply fertilizers, cover with soil after application, the specific fertilizer dosage is as follows:

[0066] Treatment 1: Apply the biological fertilizer of Example 1 at a fertilizer dosage of 320 kg / 667 m 2 ;

[0067] Treatment 2: Apply the biological fertilizer of Example 4 at a fertilizer dosage of 320 kg / 667 m 2 ;

[0068] Treatment 3: Apply the biological fertilizer of Example 5 at a fertilizer dosage of 320 kg / 667 m 2 ;

[0069] Treatment 4: Apply the biological fertilizer of Example 6 at a fertilizer dosage of 320 kg / 667 m 2 ;

[0070] Treatment 5: Apply the biological fertilizer of Example 7 at a fertilizer dosage of 320 kg / 667 m 2 ;

[0071] Treatment 6: Apply the biological fertilizer of Example 8 at a fertilizer dosage of 320 kg / 667 m 2 ;

[0072] Treatment 7: Apply compound fertilizer (Batian compound fertilizer) at a rate of 100 kg / 667 m 2 ;

[0073] Treatment 8: Apply ordinary organic fertilizer (Green Farmer organic fertilizer) at a fertilizer dosage of 400kg / 667m 2 ;

[0074] Treatment 9: Apply conventional fertilizer (Nongbao fertilizer) at a rate of 160 kg / 667 m2 .

[0075] 2. Impact on the occurrence of major underground pests of tea trees

[0076] The population density of gray tea geometrid, tea caterpillar, tea horn beetle and large gray weevil was investigated during the peak period of adult emergence, and the data were analyzed using SAS. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0077] Table 1 Effects of biological pesticide fertilizer on the occurrence of major underground insect pests of tea trees (head)

[0078] deal with Geometridae Tea caterpillar Tea-horned leaf beetle Large Gray Weevil Process 1 <![CDATA[5.00±1.87 a ]]> <![CDATA[24.33±3.28 a ]]> <![CDATA[14.67±4.95 a ]]> <![CDATA[6.00±0.87 a ]]> Process 2 <![CDATA[6.11±1.83 ab ]]> <![CDATA[26.22±2.22 ab ]]> <![CDATA[17.33±3.08 abc ]]> <![CDATA[7.33±1.22 ab ]]> Process 3 <![CDATA[6.33±1.32 ab ]]> <![CDATA[26.44±3.54 ab ]]> <![CDATA[15.00±4.64 ab ]]> <![CDATA[7.22±1.39 ab ]]> Process 4 <![CDATA[6.33±1.41 ab ]]> <![CDATA[28.11±2.26 ab ]]> <![CDATA[19.11±3.06 abc ]]> <![CDATA[8.22±1.72 b ]]> Process 5 <![CDATA[6.67±1.94 ab ]]> <![CDATA[26.67±3.08 ab ]]> <![CDATA[19.44±2.70 bc ]]> <![CDATA[7.67±1.32 b ]]> Process 6 <![CDATA[7.22±1.79 ab ]]> <![CDATA[27.44±2.83 ab ]]> <![CDATA[20.78±3.42 cd ]]> <![CDATA[8.11±1.36 b ]]> Process 7 <![CDATA[7.78±2.73 bc ]]> <![CDATA[33.78±5.49 bc ]]> <![CDATA[24.89±3.95 d ]]> <![CDATA[8.56±1.33 b ]]> Process 8 <![CDATA[9.78±2.11 c ]]> <![CDATA[29.67±4.69 bc ]]> <![CDATA[32.89±4.99 e ]]> <![CDATA[7.44±1.24 b ]]> Process 9 <![CDATA[8.22±3.70 bc ]]> <![CDATA[30.22±7.81 c ]]> <![CDATA[30.22±7.81 e ]]> <![CDATA[7.67±1.80 b ]]>

[0079] The results in Table 1 show that compared with other non-biological fertilizer treatments 7 to 9, the biological fertilizer treatments of Example 1 and Examples 4 to 8 (i.e., treatments 1 to 6) have a significant reduction effect on the total insect population of the main underground pests of tea trees, among which the biological fertilizer treatment of Example 1 has a significant reduction effect on the four main underground pests of tea trees compared with treatments 7 to 9 (P<0.05), and the insect population reduction rate is more than 30%; compared with the biological fertilizer treatments of Examples 4 to 8 (treatments 2 to 6), the insect population reduction effect of the biological fertilizer of Example 1 is the best, and the total insect population is reduced by 9.07% to 21.32%.

[0080] Therefore, the biological fertilizer of the present invention can effectively reduce the occurrence of major insect pests of tea trees, especially the gray tea geometrid, tea caterpillar and tea horn-breasted leaf beetle. Among them, the biological fertilizer containing three kinds of traditional Chinese medicine residues has the best effect.

[0081] 3. Impact on the yield of fresh tea leaves

[0082] The experimental tea trees were picked according to the one bud and two leaves standard from March 25, 2022 to April 30, 2022, with a total of three batches picked. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0083] Table 2 Statistics of fresh tea leaf yield in each treatment (kg / hm 2 )

[0084]

[0085] The yield statistics in Table 2 show that the tea fresh leaf yield increase effect treated with the biological fertilizer in the embodiment of the present invention is the best, followed by inorganic compound fertilizer (treatment 7), and finally ordinary organic fertilizer (treatment 8). The tea fresh leaf yield treated with the biological fertilizer in Example 1 is 2892.9 kg / hm 2 Compared with conventional fertilization (treatment 9), the yield increased by 213.45 kg / hm 2The yield increase was 7.97%; among them, the first batch had the largest yield increase, which was 14.35% higher than that of conventional fertilization (treatment 9). This shows that the application of the biological fertilizer of the present invention can significantly increase the yield of fresh tea leaves (P<0.05), and the yield increase of Mingqian tea (the first batch) is the most obvious.

[0086] 4. Calculation of fertilization benefits

[0087] The results are shown in Table 3.

[0088] Table 3 Fertilization benefits (ten thousand yuan)

[0089]

[0090] Note: The price of biological fertilizer is 1.5 yuan / kg, the price of inorganic compound fertilizer is 5 yuan / kg, the price of ordinary organic fertilizer is 1.2 yuan / kg, the price of conventional fertilizer is 3 yuan / kg (carbon ammonia, phosphate fertilizer, etc.), the average price of green tea is 45 yuan / kg, the labor cost of picking is calculated at 4 yuan / kg, the cost of fertilization = ditching cost + fertilizer weight*0.2, the cost of ditching is 30 yuan / ditch, and the costs of processing and sales are not included.

[0091] The results in Table 3 show that compared with conventional fertilization (treatment 9), the application of the biofertilizer of Example 1 of the present invention has the highest additional economic benefit, followed by inorganic compound fertilizer (treatment 7), and finally ordinary organic fertilizer (treatment 8), with increases of 8.47%, 5.01%, and 0.41%, respectively. The biofertilizer treatment of Example 1 increased income by an average of 6,500 yuan / hm2 compared with other treatments (treatments 7 and 8). 2 Compared with conventional fertilization (treatment 9), the income increased by 8,300 yuan / hm 2 This indicates that the application of the biological fertilizer of the present invention can effectively improve the economic benefits of tea.

[0092] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0093] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A tea tree biological fertilizer, characterized in that: The tea tree biological fertilizer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 250-350 parts of monkey earring residue, 250-350 parts of angelica root residue, 250-350 parts of sheep horn residue, 100-150 parts of linseed oil meal, 100-150 parts of tea seed oil meal and 1.2-1.5 parts of microbial agent.

2. The tea tree biological medicine fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tea tree biological fertilizer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 250 parts of monkey earring residue, 250 parts of angelica dahurica residue, 250 parts of sheep horn residue, 100 parts of linseed oil meal, 150 parts of tea seed oil meal and 1.2 parts of microbial agent.

3. The tea tree biological medicine fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The monkey earring residue is the product obtained by extracting medicinal ingredients from the stems, bark and leaves of monkey earrings through steam distillation; the angelica root residue is the product obtained by extracting medicinal ingredients from the whole plant of angelica root through steam distillation; the sheep horn residue is the product obtained by extracting medicinal ingredients from the stems, bark and leaves of sheep horn root through supercritical fluid extraction; the flaxseed oil meal is the product obtained by extracting linseed oil; and the tea seed oil meal is the product obtained by extracting tea seed oil.

4. The tea tree biological medicine fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The microbial agent is an organic matter decomposition agent; the microbial agent includes Bacillus subtilis, yeast, and / or Aspergillus niger.

5. The method for preparing the tea tree biological medicinal fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: crushing monkey earring residue, angelica root residue, sheep horn residue, linseed oil meal and tea seed oil meal, adding microbial agent, stirring evenly, conveying into a horizontal fermentation tank for fermentation for 4 to 6 days, further composting for 15 to 20 days, crushing, granulating and screening to obtain the product.

6. A method for controlling tea garden pests, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: From November to December every year, the tea tree biological fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is applied once in the tea garden.

7. The method for controlling tea garden pests according to claim 6, characterized in that: The amount of fertilizer applied to mature tea gardens is 300kg / mu to 500kg / mu, and the amount of fertilizer applied to single-row tea gardens on high mountain slopes is 200kg / mu to 300kg / mu.

8. The method for controlling tea garden pests according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The tea garden pests include gray tea geometrid, tea caterpillar, tea horned leaf beetle and large gray weevil.

Images