A bridge anti-overturning bearing suitable for earthquake zones

Abstract

The present invention discloses an anti-overturning bearing for bridges suitable for use in earthquake zones. The anti-overturning bearing comprises, from bottom to top, a lower base plate, a multi-layer rubber bearing, a first strong spring, an upper base plate, and a lead core. It also includes an auxiliary support structure and a cable disposed between the lower and upper base plates. The lower base plate is horizontally fixed to a bridge pier, the multi-layer rubber bearing is fixed to the lower base plate, and the center of the multi-layer rubber bearing is provided with a center hole. The lead core is vertically fixed to the center of the lower base plate and passes through the center hole of the multi-layer rubber bearing. The first strong spring is connected between the multi-layer rubber bearing and the upper base plate and sleeved on the lead core. The auxiliary support structure includes multiple components and is arranged circumferentially around the multi-layer rubber bearing. The auxiliary support structure includes a support wall, a support tube, and an overturning force guide member. The cable is vertically connected between the upper and lower base plates. The cable includes multiple components and is arranged circumferentially around the multi-layer rubber bearing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of bridge supports, and in particular relates to an anti-overturning support for bridges suitable for earthquake zones. Background Art

[0002] Seismic isolation bearings are widely used in buildings, such as houses and bridges. Currently, the most commonly used seismic isolation bearing is a rubber bearing. The elasticity of the rubber reduces the horizontal vibration of the bridge while also ensuring a certain vertical load to support the building above. Existing seismic isolation bearings use a combination of rubber and steel plates for center isolation. Because the rubber and steel plates are stacked, the load-bearing capacity of the multiple layers of rubber is poor, and their seismic isolation performance is easily affected by vertical loads.

[0003] Existing rubber bearings focus on seismic isolation performance and do not consider the bearing's anti-overturning function. When an earthquake or other factors cause the bridge deck to be dislocated or tilted, resulting in biased loads, the existing rubber bearings can only be destroyed and cannot effectively transfer the biased load to the lower supporting structure to ensure the stability of the bridge.

[0004] Chinese patent CN202010990320.1, a bridge lead core seismic isolation rubber bearing, includes an upper sealing plate, a lead core and a lower sealing plate arranged in sequence from top to bottom, a plurality of horizontal steel plates are arranged between the upper sealing plate and the lower sealing plate, the steel plates are arranged around the outside of the lead core, an upper rubber layer and a lower rubber layer are arranged between adjacent steel plates, the upper rubber layer is located on top of the lower rubber layer, and multiple upper rubber layers and lower rubber layers are arranged in the horizontal direction, the bottom surface of the upper rubber layer is a concave arc surface, the top surface of the lower rubber layer is a concave arc surface, and the sides of adjacent upper rubber layers close to each other are respectively located on both sides of the top surface of the lower rubber layer.

[0005] The cam is fixedly mounted on the support frame, and the cam is fixedly mounted on the support frame, and the cam is fixedly mounted on the support frame.

[0006] The main purpose of the rubber isolation bearings in the above two patents is to improve the vertical supporting capacity of the bridge and the effective lateral isolation. However, when earthquakes and other factors cause the upper bridge to vibrate (such as bridge deck tilt), the existing rubber isolation bearings cannot effectively transmit these vibrations to the lower supporting structure, posing a risk of bridge deck overturning and bridge damage. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention provides an anti-overturning bearing for bridges suitable for earthquake zones, with the aim of improving the bearing's anti-overturning capacity while meeting vertical support capacity and lateral seismic isolation capacity; and reducing the risk of bridge overturning when earthquakes and other factors cause vibrations in the upper bridge (such as tilting of the bridge deck).

[0008] To this end, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] An anti-overturning bearing for bridges in earthquake zones, the anti-overturning bearing comprising, from bottom to top, a lower base plate, a multi-layer rubber bearing, a first strong spring, an upper base plate, and a lead core, and also comprising an auxiliary support structure and a cable disposed between the lower base plate and the upper base plate;

[0010] The lower base plate is fixed horizontally to the bridge pier, and the multi-layer rubber bearing is fixed to the lower base plate, with a center hole provided in the center of the multi-layer rubber bearing; the lead core is fixed vertically to the center of the lower base plate and is inserted into the center hole of the multi-layer rubber bearing, with the top of the lead core protruding from the multi-layer rubber bearing and fixedly connected to the upper base plate; the first strong spring is connected between the multi-layer rubber bearing and the upper base plate and is sleeved on the lead core, and the top surface of the upper base plate is fixedly connected to the bridge;

[0011] The auxiliary support structure includes multiple auxiliary support structures arranged circumferentially around the multi-layer rubber bearing, and includes a support wall, a support cylinder, and an overturning force guide member; the support wall is vertically fixed to the lower base plate, and the support wall is connected to the support cylinder perpendicular to the multi-layer rubber bearing, the front end of the support cylinder is connected to a ball cage universal joint, the ball cage universal joint is connected to a connecting rod extending forward, the front end of the connecting rod is connected to a support plate, the front end of the support plate is connected to a second strong spring extending forward, the head end of the second strong spring is connected to a rubber support block, and the rubber support block is close to the multi-layer rubber bearing;

[0012] The top surface of the supporting wall is a slope, with the highest point of the slope close to the multi-layer rubber bearing and the lowest point of the slope away from the multi-layer rubber bearing. The angle between the slope and the horizontal plane is 10° to 20°. A telescopic rod, a third strong spring, and a damping block are connected to the top surface of the supporting wall. The lower end of the supporting rod is vertically fixed to the top surface of the supporting wall. The third strong spring is mounted on the telescopic rod. The damping block is fixed to the head end of the third strong spring. The damping block is higher than the multi-layer rubber bearing and lower than the upper base plate.

[0013] The cables are vertically connected between the upper base plate and the lower base plate. The cables include a plurality of cables and are arranged circumferentially around the multi-layer rubber bearing.

[0014] Furthermore, a rubber tube is sleeved on the outer wall of the lead core, the inner wall of the rubber tube is in close contact with the outer surface of the lead core, and the outer wall of the rubber tube is in close contact with the central hole of the multi-layer rubber support.

[0015] Furthermore, the upper end of the first strong spring is connected to an upper spring seat, and the lower end is connected to a lower spring seat. The area of ​​the lower spring seat is not less than the area of ​​the multi-layer rubber support. The upper spring seat is fixedly connected to the upper base plate by bolts.

[0016] Furthermore, the outer side surface of the multi-layer rubber support is in close contact with the vertical baffle, and the rubber support block is in close contact with the vertical baffle.

[0017] Furthermore, the front end of the third strong spring is higher than the top surface of the multi-layer rubber support and lower than the bottom surface of the upper base plate.

[0018] The design principles of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] The lower base plate and the upper base plate are made of steel plates, which are used to connect the bridge piers and the bridge deck respectively, thereby fixing the bearing; the multi-layer rubber bearing can withstand large vertical pressure, and the rubber has a certain elasticity, so it can play a role in vertical shock absorption.

[0020] The installation process of the first strong spring can be adjusted to before the installation of the bridge surface, giving the multi-layer rubber bearing a vertical tightening force in advance, facilitating the installation of the multi-layer rubber bearing and preventing dislocation; the first strong spring has a larger stiffness and can also enhance the vertical supporting force of the bearing.

[0021] By installing a lead core, the multi-layer rubber bearing absorbs energy through plastic deformation during shear deformation. After an earthquake, the lead core automatically returns to its original position through dynamic recovery and recrystallization, as well as the shear tension of the rubber. A rubber sleeve is placed around the outer surface of the lead core, and its inner wall frictionally engages the outer wall of the lead core. This interaction between the rubber sleeve and the lead core increases the lead core's energy dissipation during vertical vibration.

[0022] By setting up auxiliary support structures, when earthquakes or other factors cause the bridge to produce lateral or vertical displacement, the auxiliary support structures can provide strong and effective lateral resistance and vertical friction, effectively preventing the lateral and vertical movement of the multi-layer rubber bearings, providing stable support for the bridge deck and ensuring the safety of the bridge; at the same time, the ball cage universal joint can enhance the damping direction of the auxiliary support structure and improve the flexibility of the auxiliary support structure;

[0023] By setting an overturning force guide component in the auxiliary supporting structure, when the bridge deck overturns due to an earthquake or other factors, the upper base plate tilts and contacts the damping block in the overturning force guide component in parallel, squeezing the third strong spring, and the telescopic rod retracts. The generated overturning force is transmitted to the supporting wall through the third strong spring and the telescopic rod, and finally the overturning force is transmitted to the bridge pier. This method enhances the bridge's anti-overturning ability; the setting of the third strong spring can also reduce the impact force of the contact between the upper base plate and the damping block, thereby enhancing the durability of the support.

[0024] The cables with superelastic properties can not only enhance the energy dissipation capacity of the support, but also give the support a certain lateral stiffness. The cables further improve the anti-overturning ability.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0026] 1. Compared to existing rubber bridge bearings, this invention enhances the stability of the bearings during vertical or lateral vibrations, while maintaining stable earthquake resistance. By providing an auxiliary support structure, when earthquakes or other factors cause lateral or vertical displacement of the bridge, the auxiliary support structure can provide strong and effective lateral resistance and vertical friction, effectively preventing the lateral and vertical movement of the multi-layer rubber bearings, providing stable support for the bridge deck and ensuring bridge safety.

[0027] 2. Compared with existing rubber bridge bearings, the present invention makes up for the shortcomings of rubber bearings in terms of poor anti-overturning ability and enhances the anti-overturning ability of bridges;

[0028] (1) The cables with superelastic properties constitute the first part of the anti-overturning function;

[0029] (2) By setting up an overturning force guide member in the auxiliary support structure, when the bridge deck overturns due to an earthquake or other factors, the upper base plate tilts and contacts the damping block in the overturning force guide member in parallel, squeezing the third strong spring, and the telescopic rod retracts. The overturning force generated is transmitted to the supporting wall through the third strong spring and the telescopic rod, and finally the overturning force is transmitted to the bridge pier. In this way, the anti-overturning ability of the bridge is enhanced; the auxiliary support structure constitutes the second part of the anti-overturning function. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the anti-overturning bearing of the bridge of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the auxiliary support structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the overturning force guide component of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the arrangement of the cables of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the design of the auxiliary support device of the present invention;

[0035] In the figure: 1-upper base plate, 2-lower base plate, 3-first strong spring, 4-multi-layer rubber support, 5-lead core, 6-auxiliary support structure, 7-tension cable, 8-rubber tube;

[0036] 61-support wall, 62-support cylinder, 63-ball cage universal joint, 64-connecting rod, 65-support plate, 66-second strong spring, 67-rubber support block, 68-overturning force guide member;

[0037] 681-damping block, 682-third strong spring, 683-telescopic rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0039] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a bridge anti-overturning bearing suitable for earthquake zones includes, from bottom to top, a lower base plate 2, a multi-layer rubber bearing 4, a first strong spring 3, an upper base plate 1 and a lead core 5, and also includes an auxiliary support structure 6 and a cable 7 arranged between the lower base plate 2 and the upper base plate 1.

[0040] The lower base plate 2 is horizontally fixed to the bridge pier via bolts. A multi-layer rubber bearing 4 is fixed to the lower base plate 2, with a center hole defined in the center of the multi-layer rubber bearing 4. A lead core 5 is vertically fixed to the center of the lower base plate 2 and inserted into the center hole of the multi-layer rubber bearing 4. The top of the lead core 5 protrudes above the multi-layer rubber bearing 4 and is fixedly connected to the upper base plate 1. A rubber tube 8 is sleeved over the outer wall of the lead core 5, with the inner wall of the rubber tube 8 closely contacting the outer surface of the lead core 5 and the outer wall of the rubber tube 8 closely contacting the center hole of the multi-layer rubber bearing 4. A first high-force spring 3 is connected between the multi-layer rubber bearing 4 and the upper base plate 1 and sleeved over the lead core 5. The top surface of the upper base plate 1 is fixedly connected to the bridge. The upper end of the first high-force spring 3 is connected to an upper spring seat, and the lower end is connected to a lower spring seat. The area of ​​the lower spring seat is no less than that of the multi-layer rubber bearing 4. The upper spring seat is fixedly connected to the upper base plate 1 via bolts.

[0041] The auxiliary support structure 6 includes multiple and circumferentially arranged around the multi-layer rubber bearing 4, and the auxiliary support structure 6 includes a support wall 61, a support tube 62 and an overturning force guide member 68; the support wall 61 is vertically fixed on the lower base plate 2, and the support wall 61 is connected to a support tube 62 vertically facing the multi-layer rubber bearing 4, and the front end of the support tube 62 is connected to a ball cage universal joint 63, and the ball cage universal joint 63 is connected to a connecting rod 64 extending forward, and the front end of the connecting rod 64 is connected to a support plate 65, and the front end of the support plate 65 is connected to a second strong spring 66 extending forward, and the head end of the second strong spring 66 is connected to a rubber support block 67, and the rubber support block 67 is close to the multi-layer rubber bearing 4.

[0042] The top surface of the support wall 61 is a slope, with the highest point of the slope close to the multi-layer rubber support 4 and the lowest point of the slope away from the multi-layer rubber support 4. The angle between the slope and the horizontal plane is 10° to 20°. A telescopic rod 683, a third strong spring 682, and a damping block 681 are connected to the top surface of the support wall 61. The lower end of the support rod is vertically fixed to the top surface of the support wall 61. The third strong spring 682 is mounted on the telescopic rod 683. The damping block 681 is fixed to the head end of the third strong spring 682. The damping block 681 is higher than the multi-layer rubber support 4 and lower than the upper base plate 1.

[0043] Cables 7 are vertically connected between the upper and lower base plates 1 and 2. Multiple cables 7 are arranged circumferentially around the multi-layer rubber support 4. To facilitate the securement of the cables 7, connectors are provided on the lower surface of the upper base plate 1 and the upper surface of the lower base plate 2. These connectors are used to connect the cables 7. These connectors can take various structural forms, including a U-shaped connector welded to the base plate, a lifting ring connector with a tie rod connected to one end, and the end of the tie rod welded, bolted, or riveted to the base plate.

[0044] The outer side of the multi-layer rubber support 4 is closely attached to a vertical baffle, and the rubber support block 67 is close to the vertical baffle. The vertical baffle is a rectangular plate structure with a width equal to the width of the multi-layer rubber support 4 and a height equal to the height of the multi-layer rubber support 4. The rectangular plate is made of steel plate.

[0045] 1. The design method of the anti-overturning support of the present invention is as follows:

[0046] (1) The multi-layer rubber bearing 4 is a cube, which makes it easier for the auxiliary support structure 6 and the rubber bearing to press against each other and facilitate the transmission of lateral force.

[0047] (2) 4 to 5 auxiliary support structures 6 are arranged on the lower base plate 2 (along the length direction of the short side of the lower base plate 2), and 2 to 3 of them are evenly spaced and pressed against the multi-layer rubber bearing 4 (the auxiliary support structure 6 is 10 to 15 mm away from the edge of the rubber bearing). Two auxiliary support structures 62 are arranged on both sides of the rubber bearing in parallel with the evenly spaced supports, and a protection distance (50 mm to 100 mm) is reserved to evenly distribute the overturning force to the auxiliary support structure 6, thereby preventing the auxiliary support structure 6 from being damaged by excessive overturning force and increasing the service life of the auxiliary support structure 6.

[0048] 2. The parameter requirements of the multi-layer rubber bearing 4 are as follows:

[0049] The bearing capacity range of the multi-layer rubber bearing 4 is between 150 and 7000 kN;

[0050] The shape and size of the upper base plate 1 and the lower base plate 2 are: side length: 1500mm~2100mm×1000mm~1400mm;

[0051] Material: high-strength steel.

[0052] Multi-layer rubber bearing 4 parameters:

[0053] Shape: Rectangle;

[0054] Side length: (500mm~700mm)×(500mm~700mm);

[0055] Design shear modulus: 0.85Mpa~1.2Mpa;

[0056] 3. Auxiliary support structure 6:

[0057] like Figure 5 As shown, the dimensions of each part of the auxiliary support structure 6 are:

[0058] Overall height of auxiliary support structure 6: h=Hl tanβ

[0059] Height of the long side of the supporting wall 61 in front view: h

[0060] Height of short side of supporting wall 61 in front view: h -l 61 tanβ

[0061] Overall height of overturning force guide member 68: h

[0062] l 橡胶支座 = L

[0063] l 辅助支撑结构6 = L

[0064] l 61 =l 62 = l 辅助支撑结构6

[0065] l= l 辅助支撑结构6 + l 橡胶支座

[0066] Note: There may be deviations, but the angle β is the inclination angle of the bridge, which must be carefully controlled and kept between 10° and 20°.

[0067] Support wall 61 size: l 61 = l 辅助支撑结构6 , chamfer: 20°~30°;

[0068] Support tube 62 size: l 62 = l 辅助支撑结构6 , radius: (l 61 -10mm) 2

[0069] Damping block 681 radius: l 61 +10mm, edge polishing;

[0070] Telescopic rod 683 outer radius: l 61 , inner radius: l 61 - (5mm~10mm)

[0071] The ball cage universal joint 63 , connecting rod 64 , support plate 65 , second strong spring 66 , and rubber support block 67 are designed based on the above and conform to engineering practice, without any special requirements.

Claims

1. A bridge anti-overturning bearing suitable for earthquake zones, characterized in that: The anti-overturning support comprises, from bottom to top, a lower base plate (2), a multi-layer rubber support (4), a lead core (5), a first strong spring (3) and an upper base plate (1), and also comprises an auxiliary support structure (6) and a cable (7) arranged between the lower base plate (2) and the upper base plate (1); The lower base plate (2) is fixed horizontally on the bridge pier, the multi-layer rubber support (4) is fixed on the lower base plate (2), and the center of the multi-layer rubber support (4) is provided with a center hole; the lead core (5) is fixed vertically on the center of the lower base plate (2) and is passed through the center hole of the multi-layer rubber support (4), the top of the lead core (5) is higher than the multi-layer rubber support (4) and is fixedly connected to the upper base plate (1); the first strong spring (3) is connected between the multi-layer rubber support (4) and the upper base plate (1) and is sleeved on the lead core (5), and the top surface of the upper base plate (1) is fixedly connected to the bridge; The auxiliary support structure (6) includes a plurality of support structures arranged circumferentially around the multi-layer rubber support (4), and the auxiliary support structure (6) includes a support wall (61), a support cylinder (62) and an overturning force guide member (68); the support wall (61) is vertically fixed on the lower base plate (2), the support wall (61) is connected to a support cylinder (62) vertically facing the multi-layer rubber support (4), the front end of the support cylinder (62) is connected to a ball cage universal joint (63), the ball cage universal joint (63) is connected to a connecting rod (64) extending forward, the front end of the connecting rod (64) is connected to a support plate (65), the front end of the support plate (65) is connected to a second strong spring (66) extending forward, the head end of the second strong spring (66) is connected to a rubber support block (67), and the rubber support block (67) is close to the multi-layer rubber support (4); The top surface of the supporting wall (61) is a slope, the highest point of the slope is close to the multi-layer rubber support (4), the lowest point of the slope is away from the multi-layer rubber support (4), and the angle between the slope and the horizontal plane is 10° to 20°; a telescopic rod (683), a third strong spring (682) and a damping block (681) are connected to the top surface of the supporting wall (61), the lower end of the telescopic rod (683) is vertically fixed to the top surface of the supporting wall (61), the third strong spring (682) is sleeved on the telescopic rod (683), the damping block (681) is fixed to the top of the third strong spring (682), and the damping block (681) is higher than the multi-layer rubber support (4) and lower than the upper base plate (1); The cables (7) are vertically connected between the upper base plate (1) and the lower base plate (2), and the cables (7) include a plurality of cables and are arranged circumferentially around the multi-layer rubber support (4).

2. The bridge anti-overturning bearing suitable for earthquake zones according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rubber tube (8) is sleeved on the outer wall of the lead core (5), the inner wall of the rubber tube (8) is in close contact with the outer surface of the lead core (5), and the outer wall of the rubber tube (8) is in close contact with the central hole of the multi-layer rubber support (4).

3. The bridge anti-overturning bearing suitable for earthquake zones according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the first strong spring (3) is connected to an upper spring seat, and the lower end is connected to a lower spring seat. The area of ​​the lower spring seat is not less than the area of ​​the multi-layer rubber support (4). The upper spring seat is fixedly connected to the upper base plate (1) by bolts.

4. The bridge anti-overturning bearing suitable for earthquake zones according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side surface of the multi-layer rubber support (4) is in close contact with a vertical baffle, and the rubber support block (67) is in close contact with the vertical baffle.

5. The bridge anti-overturning bearing suitable for earthquake zones according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top end of the third strong spring (682) is higher than the top surface of the multi-layer rubber support (4) and lower than the bottom surface of the upper base plate (1).

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