A multi-stage friction damper

Abstract

The present invention relates to a multi-stage friction damper, comprising a friction plate, a friction pressure plate assembly symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides of the friction plate, and a connecting assembly. The friction pressure plate assembly comprises at least one friction pressure plate, and the friction plate and the friction pressure plate are connected by a connecting assembly. The connecting assembly comprises an anti-loosening bolt, a left-handed nut, and a right-handed nut. The anti-loosening bolt penetrates from the friction pressure plate on one side, passes through the friction plate, and exits from the friction pressure plate on the other side, and simultaneously cooperates with the left-handed nut and the right-handed nut. The multi-stage friction damper of the present invention has an interlocking anti-loosening function, improves stability and reliability, and realizes the function of providing different friction damping forces in different earthquake stages, taking into account the requirements of wind vibration, small earthquake, medium earthquake and large earthquake on the performance of the resistor, achieving the purpose of multi-stage energy consumption, greatly improving the application range of the friction damper, and has a simple and reasonable structure, high space utilization, easy installation, and good practicality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of building shock-absorbing dampers, and in particular relates to a multi-stage friction damper. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, shock absorption and isolation technologies have been widely promoted and applied in the construction industry. Among the many shock absorption and isolation products, friction dampers are displacement-type shock absorption products that use sliding friction to dissipate seismic energy. Friction dampers have advantages such as adjustable preload, large displacement capacity, fast vibration response, good fatigue performance, and no influence from load frequency. Friction dampers are also low-cost, easy to produce, and convenient to install. Therefore, they have been widely used in building structures. The damping force of traditional friction dampers is relatively fixed, while different damping forces are required for different earthquake stages. Existing single-stage friction dampers find it difficult to meet the performance requirements of friction dampers for small, medium, and large earthquakes. In addition, the performance stability of friction dampers is closely related to the preload of the bolts and the wear of the friction pair. The structure of existing friction dampers basically only uses butterfly springs to achieve the purpose of anti-loosening, which has low reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a multi-stage friction damper with simple structure, good adaptability and high reliability.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0005] A multi-stage friction damper includes a friction plate, a friction pressure plate assembly symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides of the friction plate, and a connecting assembly. The friction pressure plate assembly includes at least one friction pressure plate. The friction plate and the friction pressure plate are connected by the connecting assembly. The connecting assembly includes an anti-loosening bolt, a left-handed nut, and a right-handed nut. The anti-loosening bolt penetrates the friction pressure plate from one side, passes through the friction plate, and exits from the friction pressure plate on the other side, and simultaneously cooperates with the left-handed nut and the right-handed nut.

[0006] Preferably, the friction pressure plate assembly includes a plurality of friction pressure plates, and the plurality of friction pressure plates are distributed along the left-right direction of the friction plate.

[0007] Further preferably, the connection assembly further includes a compression member and a compression bolt. The compression member is compressed against the outer sides of the plurality of friction pressure plates, and the compression bolt passes through the compression member and abuts against the friction pressure plates. The provision of the compression bolt ensures more uniform wear and improves the fatigue stability of the damper.

[0008] More preferably, the anti-loosening bolt passes through the clamping piece on one side, passes through the friction pressure plate on one side, the friction plate and the friction pressure plate on the other side, and then passes through the clamping piece on the other side, and at the same time cooperates with the left-hand nut and the right-hand nut.

[0009] Further preferably, the damper also includes a connecting frame, the front and rear sides of the connecting frame are open, the friction plate and friction pressure plate assembly are arranged in the connecting frame, and the left and right ends of the friction plate extend out of the left and right ends of the connecting frame respectively.

[0010] Further preferably, first wear-resistant plates are provided on the left and right sides of the friction plate, and limit blocks are provided on the left and right ends of the friction plate where the portions extending from the connecting frame are located. The provision of these limit blocks effectively prevents shear damage to the locking bolts under large displacement conditions, thereby improving the stability of the friction damper.

[0011] Further preferably, the damper further comprises a positioning block, the positioning block is connected to the connecting frame, and the positioning blocks are respectively arranged at the left and right ends of the friction pressure plate assembly.

[0012] More preferably, the positioning block is fixed to the connecting frame by bolts or welding.

[0013] Preferably, the friction pressure plate assembly includes a plurality of friction pressure plates, and the plurality of friction pressure plates are distributed overlappingly along the front-rear direction of the friction plate.

[0014] Further preferably, the connecting assembly also includes a limit member, which is respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the friction plate and friction pressure plate assembly, and the limit member includes a limit plate and a limit part, and the limit part is respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the limit plate, and the friction plate and friction pressure plate are clamped between the limit parts on both sides.

[0015] More preferably, the connecting assembly further comprises a clamping bolt, which passes through the limiting portion and is pressed against the friction pressure plate.

[0016] Further preferably, the limit plate is provided with a clamping groove running through the upper and lower sides thereof, the friction plate has a protruding clamping portion, the clamping portion is inserted into the clamping groove, and there is a gap between the clamping portion and the left and right ends of the clamping groove, and the size of the gap is the difference between the second-order yield displacement and the first-order yield displacement.

[0017] Further preferably, the friction pressure plate includes a pressure plate body, a friction plate, a second wear-resistant plate and a stopper, the friction plate and the second wear-resistant plate are respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the pressure plate body, and the stopper is arranged on the pressure plate body and located at the left and right ends of the friction plate.

[0018] Due to the application of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0019] The present invention achieves the purpose of interlocking and preventing loosening through the mutual cooperation of anti-loosening bolts, left-handed nuts and right-handed nuts, greatly improving the structural stability and reliability, and can prevent the bolts from loosening through the elastic deformation of the clamping parts or the limit parts. The multi-stage friction damper of the present invention realizes the function of providing different friction damping forces in different earthquake stages, taking into account the requirements of wind vibration, small earthquakes, medium earthquakes and large earthquakes on the performance of the resistor, achieving the purpose of multi-stage energy dissipation, greatly improving the application range of the friction damper, and improving the fatigue stability of the friction damper. It also has a simple and reasonable structure, high space utilization, easy installation and good practicality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Attachment Figure 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the multi-stage friction damper of the first embodiment;

[0021] Attachment Figure 2 Schematic top view of the multi-stage friction damper of the first embodiment;

[0022] Attachment Figure 3 This is a schematic front view of the multi-stage friction damper of the first embodiment;

[0023] Attachment Figure 4 For attachment Figure 3 Schematic cross-sectional view of AA in the figure;

[0024] Attachment Figure 5 For attachment Figure 3 Schematic cross-sectional view of the middle BB;

[0025] Attachment Figure 6 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the limiting member of the first embodiment;

[0026] Attachment Figure 7 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the friction plate of the first embodiment;

[0027] Attachment Figure 8 Schematic top view of the friction pressure plate of the first embodiment;

[0028] Attachment Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the rear view of the friction pressure plate of the first embodiment;

[0029] Attachment Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the multi-stage friction damper of the first embodiment;

[0030] Attachment Figure 11 This is a hysteresis curve diagram of the large-gap multi-stage friction damper of the first embodiment;

[0031] Attachment Figure 12 This is a hysteresis curve diagram of the multi-stage friction damper with a small gap in the first embodiment;

[0032] Attachment Figure 13 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the multi-stage friction damper of the second embodiment;

[0033] Attachment Figure 14 Schematic top view of the multi-stage friction damper of the second embodiment;

[0034] Attachment Figure 15 This is a schematic front view of the multi-stage friction damper of the second embodiment;

[0035] Attachment Figure 16 For attachment Figure 15 Schematic cross-sectional view of CC;

[0036] Attachment Figure 17 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the friction plate of the second embodiment;

[0037] Attachment Figure 18 This is a schematic front view of the pressing member of the second embodiment;

[0038] Attachment Figure 19 The installation diagram of the multi-stage friction damper of the second embodiment is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0039] Attachment Figure 20 The installation diagram of the multi-stage friction damper of the second embodiment is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0040] Attachment Figure 21 This is a schematic front view of the multi-stage friction damper of the third embodiment.

[0041] In the above attached figures:

[0042] 1. Friction plate; 11. Connecting hole; 12. Clamping portion; 13. Through slot; 14. First wear-resistant plate; 2. Friction pressure plate assembly; 20. Friction pressure plate; 201. Pressure plate body; 2010. Connecting hole; 2011. Through slot; 202. Friction plate; 203. Second wear-resistant plate; 204. Stopper; 205. Limiting block; 206. Sink; 3. Connecting assembly; 31. Anti-loosening bolt; 32. Left-hand nut; 33. Right-hand nut; 34. Washer; 35. Belleville spring; 36. Limiting member; 361. Limiting plate; 3610. Clamping slot; 362. Limiting portion; 3620. Threaded hole; 37. Holding bolt

[0043] 4. Connecting frame; 41. Connecting plate; 5. Friction plate; 51. Limit block; 52. Through groove; 53. First wear-resistant plate; 6. Friction pressure plate assembly; 60. Friction pressure plate; 601. Pressure plate body; 602. Friction plate; 603. Stop block; 604. Sink; 7. Connecting assembly; 71. Clamping piece; 711. Through hole; 712. Threaded hole; 72. Anti-loosening bolt; 73. Left-hand nut; 74. Right-hand nut; 75. Washer; 76. Butterfly spring; 77. Clamping bolt; 78. Positioning block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0046] In the description of the specific embodiment, Figure 3 and Figure 14 As shown, the left and right direction in the figure is the left and right direction of the specific embodiment, the up and down direction in the figure is the up and down direction of the specific embodiment, and the direction perpendicular to the figure is the front and back direction of the specific embodiment.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] A multi-stage friction damper, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, it includes a friction plate 1, a friction pressure plate assembly 2 and a connecting assembly 3. The friction pressure plate assembly 2 is symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides of the friction plate 1. The friction pressure plate assemblies 2 on both sides are connected to the friction plate 1 through the connecting assembly 3.

[0049] The following is a detailed introduction to each component and its connection relationship:

[0050] The friction plate 1 extends in the left-right direction. Figure 7As shown, a connecting hole 11 is provided at one end of the friction plate 1, which passes through the front and rear sides of the friction plate 1 and is used to connect to the building structure; the upper and lower ends of the friction plate 1 have protruding clamping parts 12; a through groove 13 is provided on the friction plate 1, which passes through the front and rear sides of the friction plate 1 and extends in the left and right directions; first wear-resistant plates 14 are fixedly provided on the front and rear sides of the friction plate 1, and two first wear-resistant plates 14 are provided on each side, and the two first wear-resistant plates 14 are distributed on the upper and lower sides of the through groove 13, and the first wear-resistant plates 14 are made of wear-resistant stainless steel.

[0051] The friction pressure plate assembly 2 includes one or more friction pressure plates 20, and the plurality of friction pressure plates 20 are overlapped and distributed along the front-to-back direction of the friction plate 1. Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the friction pressure plate 20 includes a pressure plate body 201, a friction plate 202, a second wear-resistant plate 203 and a stopper 204. The pressure plate body 201 extends in the left-right direction; a through slot 2011 is provided on the pressure plate body 201, and the through slot 2011 runs through the front and rear sides of the pressure plate body 201, and the through slot 2011 extends in the left-right direction; the second wear-resistant plate 203 is arranged on one side of the front and rear sides of the pressure plate body 201, and two second wear-resistant plates 203 are provided. The two second wear-resistant plates 203 are distributed on the upper and lower sides of the through slot 2011. The grinding plate 203 is made of wear-resistant stainless steel; the friction plate 202 is detachably arranged on the other side of the front and rear sides of the pressure plate body 201, and two friction plates 202 are provided. The two friction plates 202 are distributed on the upper and lower sides of the through groove 2011. The friction plate 202 is made of ceramic, composite fiber or composite metal material. In this embodiment, the friction plate 202 is detachably connected to the pressure plate body 201 by a fixing screw; the stop block 204 is set on the pressure plate body 201, and the stop block 204 is located at the left and right ends of the friction plate 202. In addition, a connection hole 2010 is provided at one end of the pressure plate body 201 of the innermost friction pressure plate 20 among the multiple friction pressure plates 20, and the connection hole 2010 passes through the front and rear sides of the friction pressure plate body 201, and the connection hole 2010 is used to connect to the building structure; the outermost friction pressure plate 20 among the multiple friction pressure plates 20 only includes the pressure plate body 201, the friction plate 202 and the stopper 204, and the pressure plate body 201 is provided with a through hole passing through its two sides at the middle position in the up and down directions, the friction plate 202 is arranged on one side of the pressure plate body 201, and the friction plates 202 are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the through hole, and the stoppers 204 are arranged at the left and right ends of the friction plate 202.

[0052] like Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, when the friction pressure plate assembly 2 is disposed on the side of the friction plate 1, a sliding friction pair is formed between the friction plate 202 of the innermost friction pressure plate 20 among the multiple friction pressure plates 20 and the first wear-resistant plate 14 of the friction plate 1. A sliding friction pair is also formed between the friction plate 202 of one of two adjacent friction pressure plates 20 among the multiple friction pressure plates 20 and the second wear-resistant plate 203 of the other. In this embodiment, the friction pressure plate assembly 2 includes two friction pressure plates 20, and therefore the friction damper of this embodiment is a second-order friction damper. The first-order friction force is primarily generated by the relative sliding between the friction plate 202 of the inner friction pressure plate 20 and the first wear-resistant plate 14 of the friction plate 1, while the second-order friction force is primarily generated by the relative sliding between the friction plate 202 of the outer friction pressure plate 20 and the second wear-resistant plate 203 of the inner friction pressure plate 20. To improve the fatigue stability of the friction damper, the first wear-resistant plate 14 of the friction plate 1 and the second wear-resistant plate 203 of the friction pressure plate 20 can be coated or processed after being welded to ensure their roughness and consistency. This prevents poor fatigue stability due to excessive roughness and insufficient friction due to insufficient roughness. Furthermore, friction can be adjusted by changing the friction coefficient of the friction plate 202 or the preload of the bolts.

[0053] The connecting assembly 3 includes a locking bolt 31, a left-handed nut 32 and a right-handed nut 33. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the anti-loosening bolt 31 passes through the friction pressure plate assembly 2 on one side, passes through the friction plate 1, and comes out from the friction pressure plate assembly 2 on the other side, and is matched with the left-hand nut 32 and the right-hand nut 33 at the same time. Specifically: the anti-loosening bolt 31 is a Tang's anti-loosening bolt, and the anti-loosening bolt 31 passes through the through hole of the outermost friction pressure plate 20 of the friction pressure plate assembly 2 on one side, the through groove 2011 of the inner friction pressure plate 20 of the friction pressure plate assembly 2 on one side, the through groove 13 of the friction plate 1, the through groove 2011 of the inner friction pressure plate 20 of the friction pressure plate assembly 2 on the other side, and the through hole of the outermost friction pressure plate 20 of the friction pressure plate assembly 2 on the other side, and then is matched with the left-hand nut 32 and the right-hand nut 33 at the same time, and the left-hand nut 32 and the right-hand nut 33 are tightened to generate a pre-tightening force, and Interlocking can be achieved through the friction force between the left-handed nut 32 and the right-handed nut 33 to achieve the purpose of anti-loosening; there are multiple anti-loosening bolts 31, and multiple anti-loosening bolts 31 are distributed on the friction pressure plate 20 along the left and right directions, and each anti-loosening bolt 31 has a left-handed nut 32 and a right-handed nut 33 that match it; in addition, a washer 34 and a butterfly spring 35 are also provided between the anti-loosening bolt 31 and the outermost friction pressure plate 20 of the friction pressure plate assembly 2 on one side, and a washer 34 is provided between the left-handed nut 32, the right-handed nut 33 and the outermost friction pressure plate 20 of the friction pressure plate assembly 2 on the other side.

[0054] The connecting assembly 3 also includes a limiter 36 and a clamping bolt 37. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the limiters 36 are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the friction plate 1 and the friction pressure plate assembly 2, and the friction plate 1 and the friction pressure plate assembly 2 are clamped, and the clamping bolt 37 passes through the limiters 36 and abuts against the friction pressure plate assembly 2. Specifically: Figure 6 As shown, the limiting member 36 includes a limiting plate 361 and a limiting portion 362. The limiting portions 362 are respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the limiting plate 361, and the friction plate 1 and the friction pressure plate assembly 2 are located between the two limiting portions 362; the limiting plate 361 is provided with a clamping groove 3610 running through the upper and lower sides thereof, and the clamping portion 12 of the friction plate 1 is inserted into the clamping groove 3610 of the limiting plate 361. There is a gap between the clamping portion 12 and the left and right ends of the clamping groove 3610, and the size of the gap is the difference between the second-order yield displacement and the first-order yield displacement; the friction pressure plate 20 located on the outermost side is higher in the upper and lower directions than the other friction pressure plates 20 to prevent the limiting plate 36 from contacting the other friction pressure plates 20; the limiting portion 362 is provided with a threaded hole 3620 running through the front and rear sides thereof, and the friction pressure plate assembly 2 The outermost friction pressure plate 20 among the multiple friction pressure plates 20 is provided with a sink 206, and the tightening bolt 37 passes through the threaded hole 3620 of the limiting portion 362 and is tightened in the sink 206 of the friction pressure plate 20. In the process of tightening the tightening bolt 37 to generate a pre-tightening force, the limit member 36 will creep and generate pressure. In this process, the role of the limit member 36 is equivalent to a leaf spring, which can provide a pre-tightening force for the friction damper and effectively prevent the tightening bolt 37 from loosening; a limiting block 205 is provided on the outer surface of the outermost friction pressure plate 20 among the multiple friction pressure plates 20, and the limiting blocks 205 are respectively located on the left and right sides of the limiting portion 362 of the limiting member 36, and are in contact with the limiting portion 362 of the limiting member 36 to prevent the limiting member 36 and the outermost friction pressure plate 20 from sliding relative to each other. In addition, a disc spring 35 is provided between the clamping bolt 37 and the outermost friction pressure plate 20 of the friction pressure plate assembly 2 .

[0055] like Figure 10 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the second-order friction damper of this embodiment installed on a building structure. When an earthquake occurs, relative sliding energy consumption occurs between the friction plate 1 and the inner friction pressure plate 20. When the relative displacement continues to increase, the clamping portion 12 of the friction plate 1 contacts the clamping groove 3610 of the limiter 36, and the friction plate 1 drives the limiter 36 to slide, thereby driving the outer friction pressure plate 20 to slide. At this time, relative displacement occurs between the outer friction pressure plate 20 and the inner friction pressure plate 20, generating a second-order friction force. The same principle applies to both tension and compression. This hysteresis cycle is used to achieve the purpose of dual-order energy consumption, taking into account the performance requirements of the damper for small, medium and large earthquakes. Figure 11 The hysteresis curve of the second-order friction damper with large gap in this embodiment is shown as Figure 12 This is the hysteresis curve of the second-order friction damper with small gap in this embodiment.

[0056] Example 2

[0057] A multi-stage friction damper, such as Figures 13 to 15 As shown, it includes a connecting frame 4, a friction plate 5, a friction pressure plate assembly 6 and a connecting assembly 7. The friction plate 5 and the friction pressure plate assembly 6 are arranged in the connecting frame 4. The friction pressure plate assemblies 6 are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides of the friction plate 5. The friction pressure plate assemblies 6 on both sides are connected to the friction plate 5 through the connecting assembly 7.

[0058] The following is a detailed introduction to each component and its connection relationship:

[0059] The front and rear sides of the connecting frame 4 are open, and connecting plates 41 are provided at both ends of one end of the connecting frame 4. A connecting plate 41 is also provided on the friction plate 5 at the other end of the connecting frame 4. The connecting plate 41 is used to connect to the building structure; Figure 17 As shown, the friction plate 5 extends in the left and right directions, and the friction plate 5 is arranged in the connecting frame 4, and the left and right ends of the friction plate 5 extend out of the left and right ends of the connecting frame 4 respectively; the left and right ends of the friction plate 5 extending out of the connecting frame 4 are provided with protruding limit blocks 51, and the limit blocks 51 are respectively provided on the upper and lower sides of the end of the friction plate 5; a through slot 52 is provided on the friction plate 5, and the through slot 52 runs through the front and rear sides of the friction plate 5, and the through slot 52 extends in the left and right directions. A plurality of through slots 52 can be provided, and the plurality of through slots 52 are distributed in the left and right directions; a first wear-resistant plate 53 is fixedly provided on the front and rear sides of the friction plate 5, and two first wear-resistant plates 53 are provided on each side, and the two first wear-resistant plates 53 are distributed on the upper and lower sides of the through slot 52, and the first wear-resistant plate 53 is made of wear-resistant stainless steel.

[0060] like Figure 15 and Figure 16 As shown, the friction pressure plate assembly 6 includes one or more friction pressure plates 60, which are distributed along the left and right directions of the friction plate 5. The friction pressure plate 60 includes a pressure plate body 601, a friction plate 602, and a stopper 603. The pressure plate body 601 extends in the left and right directions. A through hole is formed in the pressure plate body 601, which passes through the front and rear sides of the pressure plate body 601. The friction plate 602 is detachably mounted on one of the front and rear sides of the pressure plate body 601. Two friction plates 602 are provided, and the two friction plates 602 are distributed on the upper and lower sides of the through slot. The friction plates 602 are made of ceramic, composite fiber, or composite metal materials. In this embodiment, the friction plates 602 are detachably connected to the pressure plate body 601 by set screws. The stoppers 603 are provided on the pressure plate body 601 and are located at the left and right ends of the friction plate 602.

[0061] like Figure 16 As shown, the connecting assembly 7 includes a clamping member 71, a locking bolt 72, a left-handed nut 73, and a right-handed nut 74. The clamping member 71 is arranged on the outside of the friction pressure plate assembly 6. The locking bolt 71 penetrates from the clamping member 71 on one side, passes through the friction pressure plate assembly 6, the friction plate 5, and the friction pressure plate assembly 6 on the other side, and then passes through the clamping member 71 on the other side and cooperates with the left-handed nut 73 and the right-handed nut 74 at the same time. Specifically: Figure 18 As shown, the clamping member 71 extends in the up-down direction, and a through hole 711 is provided on the clamping member 71 that passes through the front and rear sides thereof; the anti-loosening bolt 72 is a Tang's anti-loosening bolt, which sequentially passes through the through hole 711 of the clamping member 71 on one side, the through groove of the friction pressure plate 60 on one side, the through groove 52 of the friction plate 5, the through groove of the friction pressure plate 60 on the other side, and the through hole 711 of the clamping member 71 on the other side, and then simultaneously matches the left-hand nut 72 and the right-hand nut 73. Close; There are multiple clamping members 71, and the multiple clamping members 71 are distributed on the friction pressure plate 60 along the left and right directions. Each clamping member 71 is connected to the friction plate 5 and the friction pressure plate 60 through an anti-loosening bolt 72, a left-handed nut 73 and a right-handed nut 74; in addition, a washer 75 is provided between the anti-loosening bolt 72 and the friction pressure plate 60 on one side, and a washer 75 and a butterfly spring 76 are provided between the left-handed nut 73, the right-handed nut 74 and the friction pressure plate 60 on the other side.

[0062] like Figure 16 As shown, the connecting assembly 7 also includes a clamping bolt 77. The clamping member 71 is provided with a threaded hole 712 extending through its front and rear sides. A recessed platform 604 is provided on the outer side of the friction pressure plate 60. The clamping bolt 77 passes through the threaded hole 712 of the clamping member 71 and abuts against the recessed platform 604 of the friction pressure plate 60. Each clamping member 71 is provided with two clamping bolts 77, located above and below the anti-loosening bolt 72. Furthermore, a washer 75 and a butterfly spring 76 are provided between the clamping bolt 77 and the friction pressure plate 60. When the clamping bolt 77 is tightened to generate a preload, the clamping member 71 undergoes slight elastic deformation. At this point, the clamping member 71 acts like a leaf spring, providing pressure to the friction pressure plate 60 while effectively preventing the clamping bolt 77 from loosening. This deformation, in turn, causes tension on the intermediate anti-loosening bolt 72, thereby achieving interlocking and anti-loosening between the anti-loosening bolt 72 and the clamping bolt 77.

[0063] like Figure 15As shown, the connecting assembly 7 also includes positioning blocks 78, which are connected to the connecting frame 4. The connection method can be bolted, welded, or otherwise fixed. Specifically, multiple positioning blocks 78 are provided. Each friction pressure plate 60 is provided with a positioning block 78 on both the left and right ends, and also on the top and bottom sides. In other words, each friction pressure plate 60 is surrounded by four positioning blocks 78. In this embodiment, the positioning blocks 78 are removably connected to the connecting frame 4 via bolts. Of course, this is only one embodiment, and is not limited to this embodiment. The friction pressure plate 60 near the left or right end fits tightly against the positioning block 78, while the remaining friction pressure plates 60 have a gap between them. This gap is used to adjust the initial sliding displacement during the subsequent friction phase.

[0064] The friction plate 5 can slide in the left-right direction within the connecting frame 4 and is limited by the limit block 51. A sliding friction pair is formed between the friction plate 602 of the friction pressure plate 60 and the first wear-resistant plate 53 of the friction plate 5. In this embodiment, the friction pressure plate assembly 6 includes two friction pressure plates 60, which are distributed in the left-right direction. Therefore, the friction damper of this embodiment is a second-order friction damper. In order to improve the fatigue stability of the friction damper, the first wear-resistant plate 53 of the friction plate 5 can be coated on its surface, or processed after the first wear-resistant plate 53 is welded to ensure its roughness and consistency, to prevent poor fatigue stability due to excessive roughness, and to prevent insufficient friction due to low roughness. If the friction force needs to be adjusted, it can be achieved by changing the friction coefficient of the friction plate 602 or by adjusting the preload of the bolts.

[0065] like Figure 19 and Figure 20 The figure shows two installation methods for the second-order friction damper of this embodiment on a building structure. When an earthquake strikes, relative sliding occurs between the friction plate 5 and the connecting frame 4. The friction pressure plate 60, due to friction, moves with the friction plate 5. Because one friction pressure plate 60 fits tightly against the positioning block 78, energy dissipation can be initiated during an earthquake or under wind vibration. As the relative displacement continues to increase, the other friction pressure plate 60 comes into contact with the positioning block 78. At this point, the connecting frame 4 drives the other friction pressure plate 60 to slide, generating relative displacement between the other friction pressure plate 60 and the friction plate 5, which generates second-order friction until the stop block 51 of the friction plate 5 contacts the connecting frame 4. Both tension and compression operate on the same principle, achieving dual-stage or even multi-stage energy dissipation through this hysteresis cycle. This addresses the performance requirements of the friction damper for wind vibration, small, moderate, and large earthquakes, while effectively preventing buckling. This allows for increased length and load-bearing capacity, broadening the range of applications.

[0066] Example 3

[0067] The third embodiment is basically the same as the second embodiment, and the difference between the two is that: Figure 21 As shown, the friction pressure plate assembly 6 of this embodiment includes three friction pressure plates 60, distributed in a left-right direction. Therefore, this embodiment's friction damper is a three-order friction damper. The friction pressure plate 60 near the right end fits tightly against the positioning block 78, while the remaining two friction pressure plates 60 have varying gaps between them, achieving three-order friction energy dissipation. The remaining structure of this third embodiment is identical to that of the second embodiment and will not be further described here.

[0068] The above embodiments are intended only to illustrate the technical concepts and features of the present invention. Their purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement them accordingly. They are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit of the present invention are intended to be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage friction damper, characterized in that:

4. The repairing kit for automotive dents, according to claim 1, wherein a bottom of the foot stand comprises a through-hole, and the two foot pieces comprise two bosses, wherein the bosses comprise a through-hole, a screw bolt, and a nut. The bosses comprise a through-hole, a screw bolt, and a nut. The bosses comprise a through-hole, a screw bolt and a nut. The bosses comprise a through-hole, a screw bolt and a nut.

2. The multi-stage friction damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limit plate is provided with a clamping groove running through its upper and lower sides, and the friction plate has a protruding clamping part, which is inserted into the clamping groove, and there is a gap between the clamping part and the left and right ends of the clamping groove.

3. The multi-stage friction damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The friction pressure plate includes a pressure plate body, a friction plate, a second wear-resistant plate and a stopper. The friction plate and the second wear-resistant plate are respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the pressure plate body. The stopper is arranged on the pressure plate body and located at the left and right ends of the friction plate.

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