A drilling fluid solids handling apparatus

Abstract

The present application provides a kind of drilling fluid solid phase processing device, comprising: mud tank;Vibrating screen is arranged in mud tank;With the first compartment of the outlet end of vibrating screen communication;Low speed centrifuge;With second compartment and third compartment respectively;And high speed centrifuge, is equipped with inlet channel and outlet channel between third compartment;And fourth compartment, fourth compartment is communicated with first compartment, second compartment, third compartment respectively by circulation channel;And for controlling the automatic system of high speed centrifuge;Wherein, drilling fluid solid phase processing device can remove the solid phase particle of the particle size greater than 54 μm in drilling fluid by vibrating screen, automatic system can control the rotation of high speed centrifuge at 2300-2500 rpm, to separate 5-10 microns harmful solid phase and low solid phase drilling fluid, and can control the rotation of high speed centrifuge at 3100-3300 rpm, to remove 1-5 microns harmful solid phase in low solid phase drilling fluid, so as to retain the particle size of 10-54 μm barite.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of petroleum drilling fluid solids control technology, specifically relating to a drilling fluid solids treatment device. Background Technology

[0002] The primary function of drilling fluid is to carry rock cuttings generated during rock breaking at the bottom of the well to the surface. Rock cuttings consist of small particles of various sizes and compositions, primarily ranging from 1μm to 10mm in size. These rock cuttings cause changes in various parameters of the drilling fluid, such as density and viscosity, failing to meet engineering requirements. Therefore, solids control equipment is needed to remove the rock cuttings. After solids removal, the drilling fluid undergoes maintenance and adjustment before being reinjected into the well to carry the rock cuttings.

[0003] Conventional solids control devices include vibrating screens and high- and low-speed centrifuges. For drilling fluids, vibrating screens can remove particles larger than 54 micrometers, low-speed centrifuges can remove solids larger than 8 micrometers, and high-speed centrifuges can remove solids larger than 1 micrometer. In operation, the drilling fluid sequentially enters the vibrating screen, low-speed centrifuge, and high-speed centrifuge to remove solids of various particle sizes.

[0004] Chinese patent document CN201721092363.8 discloses a novel solids control equipment system, which provides an idea for reusing barite. However, the sand remover used in the system may remove a large amount of barite, reducing the recycling rate of barite, and the high-speed centrifuge is prone to clogging.

[0005] Chinese patent document 201820135731.0 discloses a system for recovering weighting agents in heavy drilling fluid, which provides a solution for reusing barite. However, it uses a jet pump as a dilution pump, which cannot completely solve the problem of clogging at the barite separation port of the low-speed centrifuge, and the high-speed centrifuge is prone to clogging.

[0006] High-speed centrifuges need to process large quantities of solid phases, which vary with downhole lithology and drilling parameters, but the parameters of the centrifuges are relatively fixed. As a result, clogging often occurs, leading to low efficiency or even abandonment of the centrifuges. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the technical problems described above, this invention aims to provide a drilling fluid solid phase treatment device that can improve the reusability of barite powder in drilling fluid, reduce the risk of blockage in high-speed centrifuges, reduce pollution and treatment of oily barite, and lower the maintenance cost of drilling fluid.

[0008] To this end, the present invention provides a drilling fluid solid phase treatment device, comprising: a mud tank; a vibrating screen disposed within the mud tank; a first compartment connected to the outlet end of the vibrating screen; a low-speed centrifuge; a second compartment and a third compartment respectively; a high-speed centrifuge, wherein an inlet channel and an outlet channel are provided between the third compartment; a fourth compartment, wherein the fourth compartment is connected to the first compartment, the second compartment, and the third compartment respectively through a circulation channel; and an automatic system for controlling the high-speed centrifuge; wherein the drilling fluid solid phase treatment device can remove solid particles with a particle size greater than 54 μm from the drilling fluid through the vibrating screen, and the automatic system can control the high-speed centrifuge to rotate at a speed of 2300-2500 rpm to separate harmful solid phases of 5-10 micrometers and low-solids drilling fluid, and can control the high-speed centrifuge to rotate at a speed of 3100-3300 rpm to remove harmful solid phases of 1-5 micrometers from the low-solids drilling fluid, thereby retaining barite with a particle size of 10-54 μm.

[0009] In one embodiment, a first water pump is provided in the first compartment, and the low-speed centrifuge is connected to the first water pump.

[0010] In one embodiment, the outlet of the first water pump is connected to the low-speed centrifuge via a three-way connector, and the bypass port of the three-way connector is connected to the second compartment. The three-way connector can allocate the drilling fluid discharge into the low-speed centrifuge and the second compartment.

[0011] In one embodiment, the low-speed centrifuge rotates at 1500-1700 rpm. The low-speed centrifuge can separate barite with a particle size of 10-54 micrometers from drilling fluid and drilling fluid without barite. The separated barite enters the second compartment, and the separated drilling fluid without barite enters the third compartment.

[0012] In one embodiment, the inlet channel is equipped with a second water pump, which is used to extract drilling fluid from the third compartment and pump it into the high-speed centrifuge.

[0013] In one embodiment, a first mixer is provided within the second compartment.

[0014] In one embodiment, a second mixer is provided within the third compartment.

[0015] In one embodiment, the top surface of the third compartment is lower than the top surface of the mud tank, and the drilling fluid in the third compartment can overflow into the circulation channel.

[0016] In one embodiment, at least two vibrating screens are provided, and the vibrating screens are connected in parallel. The screen cloth specifications of the vibrating screens are determined according to the maximum value of the barite particles.

[0017] In one embodiment, an elevated trough is provided at the inlet end of the vibrating screen, through which drilling mud returning from the oil well enters the vibrating screen.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this application are:

[0019] The drilling fluid solids treatment device of the present invention separates solids through a vibrating screen, then processes them at low speed using a low-speed centrifuge, followed by medium-speed pretreatment and high-speed treatment using a high-speed centrifuge. This process achieves complete removal of solid particles larger than 54 micrometers in diameter from the drilling fluid, partial removal of harmful solids with a diameter of 1-10 micrometers, and complete retention of barite with a diameter of 10-54 micrometers. This achieves the effect of removing harmful solids while simultaneously reusing barite. Thus, it removes large rock cuttings and harmful solids while retaining barite of an ideal particle size in the drilling fluid, eliminating the need to add new barite and reducing the discharge of oily solids, thereby significantly lowering drilling fluid maintenance costs. Since the medium-speed treatment of the high-speed centrifuge can remove solids of 5-10 micrometers, it greatly reduces the burden on the high-speed treatment process, significantly reduces the risk of clogging of the high-speed centrifuge, and greatly improves the efficiency of the centrifuge. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 The structure of the drilling fluid solid phase treatment apparatus according to the present invention is shown.

[0022] In this application, all drawings are schematic and are used only to illustrate the principles of the invention, and are not drawn to scale. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] In this application, it should be noted that the directional terms or qualifiers such as "up" and "down" used in this application are all specific to the referenced appendix. Figure 1 In other words, they are not used to define the absolute position of the components involved, but can vary depending on the specific circumstances.

[0025] Figure 1 The structure of the drilling fluid solids treatment apparatus 100 according to the present invention is shown. Figure 1As shown, the drilling fluid solids treatment device 100 includes a mud tank 101, a vibrating screen 1 disposed within the mud tank 101, a first compartment 2, a second compartment 8, a third compartment 9, a fourth compartment 12, a low-speed centrifuge 4, a high-speed centrifuge 5, and an automatic system 6 for controlling the high-speed centrifuge 5, all located within the mud tank 101. The first compartment 2 is connected to the outlet end of the vibrating screen 1. A first water pump 7 is disposed within the first compartment 2, and the low-speed centrifuge 4 is connected to the first water pump 7. The second compartment 8 and the third compartment 9 are respectively connected to the low-speed centrifuge 4. An inlet channel 51 and an outlet channel 52 are provided between the high-speed centrifuge 5 and the third compartment 9. The fourth compartment 12 is connected to the first compartment 2, the second compartment 8, and the third compartment 9 via a circulation channel 13.

[0026] The drilling fluid solids treatment unit 100 can remove solid particles larger than 54 μm and harmful solids with a particle size of 1-10 μm from the drilling fluid returned from the oil well, while retaining barite with a particle size of 10-54 μm. Thus, it removes large rock cuttings and harmful solids from the drilling fluid while retaining barite of an ideal particle size for reuse, thereby reducing the discharge of oil-containing solids, lowering the risk of clogging in the high-speed centrifuge, and improving the utilization rate of barite.

[0027] According to the present invention, at least two vibrating screens 1 are provided, and the vibrating screens 1 are connected in parallel. Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, two vibrating screens 1 are provided. The screen cloth specifications of vibrating screen 1 are determined according to the maximum particle size of barite. For example, if the barite particles that need to be reused are mainly within the range of 8-54 micrometers, then a screen cloth with an aperture of 54 micrometers is selected. In this way, the vibrating screen 1 can directly remove solid particles larger than 54 micrometers, thereby completing the preliminary filtration.

[0028] In one embodiment, the vibrating screen 1 is located in the upper part of the mud tank 101, with the inlet end of the vibrating screen 1 at the lower end and the outlet end at the upper end. This configuration of the vibrating screen 1 can effectively remove solid particles larger than 54 micrometers, which is beneficial to improving the initial filtration effect.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, an elevated trough 14 is provided at the inlet end of the vibrating screen 1, through which the drilling mud fluid returning from the oil well enters the vibrating screen 1.

[0030] According to the present invention, the outlet of the first water pump 7 is connected to the low-speed centrifuge 4 via a three-way connector 3. The two main ports of the three-way connector 3 are connected to the first water pump 7 and the low-speed centrifuge 4 respectively, and the bypass port 31 of the three-way connector 3 is connected to the second compartment 8. The three-way connector 3 can allocate the drilling fluid discharge into the low-speed centrifuge 4 and the second compartment 8.

[0031] In this embodiment, the low-speed centrifuge 4 and the second compartment 8 are connected by a connecting pipeline, and the bypass port 31 of the tee interface 3 is connected to the connecting pipeline.

[0032] In actual operation, the first water pump 7 extracts drilling fluid from the first compartment 2. Under the action of the three-way connector 3, a portion of the drilling fluid enters the low-speed centrifuge 4, while the other portion flows to the connecting pipeline between the centrifuge and the second compartment 8. The speed of the low-speed centrifuge 4 is controlled within the range of 1500-1700 rpm, thus separating barite particles with a diameter of 10-54 micrometers from the barite-free drilling fluid. The separated barite enters the second compartment 8, while the separated barite-free drilling fluid enters the third compartment 9. The drilling fluid passing through the bypass port 31 of the three-way connector 3 directly impacts and agitates the separated barite, preventing blockage at the outlet of the low-speed centrifuge 4. The separated barite is stored in the second compartment 8.

[0033] In one embodiment, a first agitator (not shown) is installed in the second compartment 8 to mix the barite and drilling fluid entering the second compartment 8 evenly.

[0034] According to the present invention, a second water pump 10 is provided in the inlet channel 51 connecting the third compartment 9 and the high-speed centrifuge 5. The second water pump 10 is used to extract drilling fluid from the third compartment 9 and pump it into the high-speed centrifuge 5.

[0035] like Figure 1As shown, the drilling fluid solids treatment device 100 also includes an automatic system 6 for controlling the high-speed centrifuge 5. Under the control of the automatic system 6, the high-speed centrifuge 5 can alternate between medium and high speeds, thus enabling it to function as both a high-speed and medium-speed centrifuge. The medium speed serves as pretreatment for the high-speed process, handling a portion of the harmful solids in the third compartment 9. During high-speed treatment, the high-speed centrifuge 5 operates smoothly, effectively preventing blockages. When the automatic system 6 controls the high-speed centrifuge 5 to rotate at medium speed, it maintains a rotation speed of 2300-2500 rpm to separate 5-10 micrometer harmful solids and low-solids drilling fluid. The 5-10 micrometer solids are discharged as waste through the discharge port 53. When the automatic system 6 controls the high-speed centrifuge 5 to rotate at high speed, it maintains a rotation speed of 3100-3300 rpm to remove 1-5 micrometer harmful solids from the low-solids drilling fluid. The harmful solids removed by high-speed separation are discharged as waste through outlet 53 for treatment. The treated ultra-low solids drilling fluid then re-enters the third compartment 9 through outlet channel 52. The high-speed centrifuge 5 can process at medium speed as a pretreatment for high-speed processing, and can handle a portion of the harmful solids in the third compartment 9. During high-speed processing, the centrifuge can operate smoothly and is less prone to clogging. The automatic control system can control the two speeds to alternate. Since the harmful solids of 5-10 microns have been separated at a speed of 2300-2500 rpm, the centrifuge load at a speed of 3100-3300 rpm is reduced, solving the problem of easy clogging of the high-speed centrifuge.

[0036] In one embodiment, a second agitator (not shown) is installed in the third compartment 9, which is capable of rapidly mixing drilling fluid that has been treated with harmful solids of different particle sizes.

[0037] According to the present invention, the third compartment 9 is a separate container welded to the mud tank 101, and the top surface of the third compartment 9 is lower than the top surface of the mud tank 101. In one embodiment, the top surface of the third compartment 9 is 30 cm lower than the top surface of the mud tank 101. The drilling fluid without barite separated by the low-speed centrifuge 4 enters the third compartment 9. When the output of the low-speed centrifuge 4 is greater than that of the medium-speed centrifuge (when the high-speed centrifuge 5 is rotating at medium speed), the liquid in the third compartment 9 is full and can overflow into the circulation channel 13, and then directly enter the fourth compartment 12 without the need for personnel to monitor it.

[0038] After the drilling fluid overflows from the third compartment 9, it enters the fourth compartment 12 through the circulation channel 13. As a result, all solid particles with a diameter greater than 54 micrometers in the drilling fluid are removed, some harmful solid particles with a diameter of 1-10 micrometers are partially removed, and barite with a diameter of 10-54 micrometers is completely retained. This achieves the effect of removing harmful solid particles while reusing barite.

[0039] The working process of the drilling fluid solid phase treatment device 100 according to the present invention is briefly described below.

[0040] The drilling mud returned from the oil well enters each vibrating screen 1 through the elevated trough 14. The vibrating screen 1 performs preliminary filtration of the drilling mud, which can directly remove solid particles larger than 54 micrometers.

[0041] After preliminary treatment, the drilling fluid flows out of the outlet of vibrating screen 1 and into the first compartment 2. The first water pump 7 extracts the drilling fluid from the first compartment 2, and under the action of the three-way connector 3, a portion of the drilling fluid enters the low-speed centrifuge 4. The speed of the low-speed centrifuge 4 is controlled within the range of 1500-1700 rpm, thereby separating barite particles with a diameter of 10-54 micrometers from the drilling fluid containing no barite. The separated barite enters the second compartment 8, and the separated drilling fluid without barite enters the third compartment 9. Another portion of the drilling fluid extracted by the first water pump 7 flows to the connecting pipeline between the low-speed centrifuge and the second compartment 8, directly impacting and agitating the separated barite, thus preventing blockage at the outlet of the low-speed centrifuge. The separated barite is stored in the second compartment 8. The first agitator in the second compartment 8 thoroughly mixes the barite and drilling fluid entering the second compartment 8. A small portion of the drilling fluid in the first compartment 2 directly enters the circulation channel 13, and then enters the fourth compartment 12.

[0042] The barite-free drilling fluid separated by the low-speed centrifuge 4 enters the third compartment 9. The second water pump 10 extracts the drilling fluid from the third compartment 9 and pumps it into the high-speed centrifuge 5. The automatic system 6 controls the high-speed centrifuge 5 to operate as a medium-speed centrifuge, maintaining a speed of 2300-2500 rpm. Under the action of the medium-speed centrifuge, the drilling fluid entering the high-speed centrifuge 5 is separated into harmful solids and low-solids drilling fluid with a particle size of 5-10 micrometers. The solids with a particle size of 5-10 micrometers are discharged as waste into the discharge port 53 for treatment. This completes the pretreatment process.

[0043] The low-solids drilling fluid returned from the medium-speed centrifuge re-enters the third compartment 9 through outlet channel 52, maintaining the medium-speed centrifuge speed at 2300-2500 rpm for 5 minutes. Then, under the control of the automatic system 6, the speed of the high-speed centrifuge 5 is increased to 3100-3300 rpm and maintained for 10 minutes to remove harmful solids with a particle size of 1-5 micrometers from the low-solids drilling fluid. These harmful solids are discharged as waste through outlet 53. The treated ultra-low-solids drilling fluid then re-enters the third compartment 9 through outlet channel 52. The second agitator in the third compartment 9 rapidly and evenly mixes the drilling fluid with different particle sizes of harmful solids. Thus, under the control of the automatic system 6, the high-speed centrifuge 5 alternates between medium and high speeds. The medium speed serves as pretreatment for the high-speed process, handling a portion of the harmful solids in the third compartment 9, while the high-speed process ensures smooth operation of the high-speed centrifuge 5 and effectively prevents clogging.

[0044] After being processed multiple times by the high-speed centrifuge 5, the drilling fluid returns to the third compartment 9 and fills the third compartment 9. Then, the drilling fluid overflows into the circulation channel 13 and directly enters the fourth compartment 12. This process achieves complete removal of solid particles larger than 54 micrometers from the drilling fluid, partial removal of harmful solids with a particle size of 1-10 micrometers, and complete retention of barite with a particle size of 10-54 micrometers. This achieves the effect of removing harmful solids while simultaneously reusing barite.

[0045] According to the drilling fluid solid phase treatment device 100 of the present invention, the automatic system 6 can control the high-speed centrifuge 5 to alternate between medium and high speeds, allowing the high-speed centrifuge 5 to be used alternately as a high-speed centrifuge and a medium-speed centrifuge. The medium speed serves as a pretreatment for the high speed, capable of treating a portion of the harmful solid phase in the third compartment 9. During high-speed treatment, the high-speed centrifuge 5 can be ensured to operate smoothly, thereby effectively avoiding blockage. The drilling fluid solid phase treatment device 100 separates the solid phase through a vibrating screen 1, then processes it at a low speed through a low-speed centrifuge 1, and then performs medium-speed pretreatment and high-speed treatment through a high-speed centrifuge 5 respectively. This achieves the complete removal of solid phase particles with a particle size greater than 54 micrometers in the drilling fluid, the partial removal of harmful solid phases with a particle size of 1-10 micrometers, and the complete retention of barite with a particle size of 10-54 micrometers. This achieves the effect of removing harmful solid phases while reusing barite. This achieves the effect of removing large rock cuttings and harmful solid phases while retaining barite of ideal particle size in the drilling fluid. The need for adding new barite is eliminated, thus reducing the discharge of oil-containing solid phases and significantly lowering drilling fluid maintenance costs. Furthermore, the medium-speed processing of the high-speed centrifuge can remove solid phases of 5-10 microns, greatly reducing the burden on high-speed processing, significantly lowering the risk of clogging, and greatly improving the centrifuge's efficiency.

[0046] In this invention, Figure 1 The arrows in the diagram indicate the direction of drilling fluid flow.

[0047] In the description of this invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0048] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0049] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0050] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any limitation on the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drilling fluid solids treatment method, performed using a drilling fluid solids treatment device, the drilling fluid solids treatment device comprising: Mud tank (101); A vibrating screen (1) is installed inside the mud tank; The first compartment (2) is connected to the outlet end of the vibrating screen; A low-speed centrifuge (4) connected to the first compartment; The second compartment (8) and the third compartment (9) are respectively connected to the low-speed centrifuge; as well as A high-speed centrifuge (5) is provided with an inlet channel (51) and an outlet channel (52) between the high-speed centrifuge and the third compartment; The fourth compartment (12) is connected to the first compartment, the second compartment, and the third compartment respectively through a circulation channel (13); as well as An automatic system (6) for controlling the high-speed centrifuge; The drilling fluid solid phase treatment device removes solid particles larger than 54 μm from the drilling fluid using the vibrating screen. The high-speed centrifuge, under the control of the automatic system, alternates between a medium speed of 2300-2500 rpm and a high speed of 3100-3300 rpm. The high-speed centrifuge rotates at 2300-2500 rpm to separate harmful solid phases of 5-10 micrometers and low-solids drilling fluid. The high-speed centrifuge rotates at 3100-3300 rpm to remove harmful solid phases of 1-5 micrometers from the low-solids drilling fluid, thereby retaining barite with a particle size of 10-54 μm. The first compartment is equipped with a first water pump (7), the low-speed centrifuge is connected to the first water pump, the outlet of the first water pump is connected to the low-speed centrifuge through a three-way interface (3), the bypass port (31) of the three-way interface is connected to the second compartment, the three-way interface can allocate the drilling fluid discharge into the low-speed centrifuge and the second compartment, and the inlet channel is equipped with a second water pump (10), which is used to extract the drilling fluid in the third compartment and pump it into the high-speed centrifuge.

2. The drilling fluid solid phase treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The speed of the low-speed centrifuge is 1500-1700 rpm. The low-speed centrifuge can separate barite particles with a diameter of 10-54 micrometers from drilling fluid and drilling fluid without barite. The separated barite enters the second compartment, and the separated drilling fluid without barite enters the third compartment.

3. The drilling fluid solid phase treatment method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, A first mixer is installed in the second compartment.

4. The drilling fluid solid phase treatment method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, A second mixer is installed in the third compartment.

5. The drilling fluid solid phase treatment method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The top surface of the third compartment is lower than the top surface of the mud tank, and the drilling fluid in the third compartment can overflow into the circulation channel.

6. The drilling fluid solid phase treatment method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The vibrating screen is provided in at least two units, and the vibrating screens are connected in parallel. The screen cloth specifications of the vibrating screen are determined according to the maximum value of the barite particles.

7. The drilling fluid solid phase treatment method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, An elevated trough (14) is provided at the inlet end of the vibrating screen, through which drilling mud returning from the oil well enters the vibrating screen.

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