Charging system and method based on available capacity of vehicle battery

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a billing system based on available capacity of a vehicle battery, including a vehicle including a battery and a battery controller configured to set a maximum value and a minimum value of a state of charge (SOC) of the battery based on an available capacity setting of the battery, a user terminal configured to receive an available capacity setting change request including an available capacity setting change amount of the battery and transmit the available capacity setting change request, and a server configured to receive the available capacity setting change request transmitted by the user terminal and determine a battery usage fee corresponding to the available capacity setting change amount included in the received available capacity setting change request.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a billing system and method based on available capacity of a vehicle battery, and more particularly, to a billing system and method based on available capacity of a vehicle battery, which can allow a driver to change available capacity of a battery configured to store energy supplied to a driving motor of an electric vehicle according to a driver's setting, and can charge a usage fee based on the available capacity set by the driver himself / herself. BACKGROUND

[0002] Recently, as all industrial fields are aware of environmental problems, such as limiting carbon emissions in order to prevent global warming, in the automobile industry, research, development, and commercialization of eco-friendly vehicles equipped with a motor configured to generate a rotational force using electric energy are being accelerated instead of conventional vehicles equipped with an engine configured to generate a pollutant such as carbon oxide or nitrogen oxide by burning fossil fuel.

[0003] Among eco-friendly vehicles, an electric vehicle is a vehicle that drives a motor using only electric energy stored in a battery.

[0004] In such an electric vehicle, an index related to performance such as a distance drivable per one charge can be determined according to the specifications of the battery, and the capacity and performance of the battery are important to ensure excellent index related to performance.

[0005] In addition, the battery occupies a large proportion in the price of the electric vehicle, and thus has a great influence not only on the performance of the vehicle but also on the price of the vehicle.

[0006] In a conventional electric vehicle, a battery having a single specification or a battery having two specifications is applied to the manufacture of the electric vehicle. For example, a battery having a relatively small capacity is applied to an electric vehicle having a general specification, and a battery having a relatively large capacity is applied to an electric vehicle having a high performance specification.

[0007] According to the above-described conventional electric vehicle manufacturing method, although a large capacity battery is not needed since a driver rarely drives an electric vehicle for a long distance, the driver has to pay for an unnecessary large capacity battery to purchase an electric vehicle.

[0008] In addition, when a driver purchases an electric vehicle equipped with a conventional battery having a small capacity, but frequently drives the electric vehicle for a long distance due to a change in the purpose of use of the vehicle, thus requiring a large capacity battery, the driver additionally needs to purchase a new electric vehicle equipped with a large capacity battery, or can only frequently charge the existing electric vehicle equipped with a small capacity battery to use the electric vehicle.

[0009] The above information disclosed in the Background section is only for enhancing the understanding of the background of the present disclosure, and should not be interpreted as common technical knowledge known to those skilled in the art prior to the present disclosure. SUMMARY

[0010] Accordingly, the present disclosure has been made in view of the above problems, and it is an object of the present disclosure to provide a billing system and method based on available capacity of a vehicle battery, which can allow a driver to change available capacity of a battery in a vehicle after purchasing the vehicle, and can charge the driver for use based on the available capacity of the battery set by the driver himself / herself.

[0011] According to an aspect of the present disclosure, the above and other objects can be achieved by providing a billing system based on available capacity of a vehicle battery, including a vehicle including a battery and a battery controller configured to determine a maximum value and a minimum value of a state of charge (SOC) of the battery based on an available capacity setting of the battery, a user terminal configured to receive an available capacity setting change request including an available capacity setting change amount and transmit the available capacity setting change request, and a server configured to receive the available capacity setting change request transmitted by the user terminal, and determine a battery usage fee corresponding to the available capacity setting change amount included in the received available capacity setting change request.

[0012] The battery controller can determine a changeable amount of the available capacity of the battery based on a pre-set available capacity setting of the battery, and can transmit the determined changeable amount to the user terminal.

[0013] The user terminal can display the changeable amount, and can receive an available capacity setting change amount determined based on the changeable amount.

[0014] The server can transmit the battery usage fee corresponding to the available capacity setting change amount to the user terminal, the user terminal can receive whether to accept the battery usage fee corresponding to the available capacity setting change amount, and can transmit whether to accept the battery usage fee to the server.

[0015] The server can calculate and collect the battery usage fee based on the available capacity setting of the battery and a usage period of the corresponding available capacity setting.

[0016] The battery controller can set a charge cut-off voltage corresponding to the maximum value of the SOC of the battery according to the available capacity setting, and can set a discharge cut-off voltage corresponding to the minimum value of the SOC of the battery according to the available capacity setting.

[0017] The battery controller can set a maximum value of an open circuit voltage of the battery corresponding to a maximum value of an SOC of the battery set according to the available capacity, and can set a minimum value of the open circuit voltage of the battery corresponding to a minimum value of the SOC of the battery set according to the available capacity.

[0018] The battery controller can determine the maximum and minimum values of the SOC of the battery as values symmetrical to each other based on a reference value of the SOC of the battery.

[0019] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a vehicle battery available capacity-based charging method using a vehicle battery available capacity-based charging system, the vehicle battery available capacity-based charging method including: receiving, by a user terminal, an available capacity setting change request including an available capacity setting change amount of a battery and transmitting the available capacity setting change request; receiving, by a server, the available capacity setting change request transmitted by the user terminal and determining a battery usage fee corresponding to the available capacity setting change amount included in the received available capacity setting change request; and transmitting, by the server, the available capacity setting change amount to the vehicle after determining the battery usage fee, and changing, by a battery controller, an available capacity setting of the battery.

[0020] The vehicle battery available capacity-based charging method can further include, before transmitting, by the user terminal, the available capacity setting change request, judging, by the battery controller, a changeable amount of the available capacity of the battery based on a pre-set available capacity setting of the battery, and transmitting the judged changeable amount to the user terminal.

[0021] In receiving, by the user terminal, the available capacity setting change request including the available capacity setting change amount of the battery and transmitting the available capacity setting change request, the user terminal can display the changeable amount, and can receive the available capacity setting change amount determined based on the changeable amount.

[0022] Determining, by the server, the battery usage fee can include: transmitting, by the server, the battery usage fee corresponding to the available capacity setting change amount to the user terminal; and receiving, by the user terminal, whether to accept the battery usage fee corresponding to the available capacity setting change amount, and transmitting, to the server, whether to accept the battery usage fee.

[0023] The vehicle battery available capacity-based charging method can further include: calculating and collecting, by the server, the battery usage fee based on the available capacity setting of the battery and a usage period of the corresponding available capacity setting.

[0024] In changing, by the battery controller, the available capacity setting of the battery, the battery controller can set a charge cut-off voltage corresponding to a maximum value of an SOC of the battery set according to the available capacity setting, and can set a discharge cut-off voltage corresponding to a minimum value of the SOC of the battery set according to the available capacity setting.

[0025] When the available capacity setting of the battery is changed by the battery controller, the battery controller can set a maximum value of the open circuit voltage of the battery corresponding to a maximum value of the SOC of the battery according to the available capacity setting, and can set a minimum value of the open circuit voltage of the battery corresponding to a minimum value of the SOC of the battery according to the available capacity setting.

[0026] When the available capacity setting of the battery is changed by the battery controller, the battery controller can determine the maximum value and the minimum value of the SOC of the battery as values symmetrical to each other with reference to a reference value of the SOC of the battery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] The above and other objects, features and other advantages of the present disclosure will be more clearly understood from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0028] Figure 1 is a block diagram of a billing system based on an available capacity of a vehicle battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0029] Figure 2 is a graph illustrating an example of an available capacity setting of a battery in a billing system based on an available capacity of a vehicle battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0030] Figure 3 is a graph illustrating a relationship between a state of charge (SOC) of a battery and an open circuit voltage (OCV) of the battery to explain yet another example of an available capacity setting of a battery in a billing system based on an available capacity of a vehicle battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0031] Figure 4 is a graph illustrating a billing method based on an available capacity of a vehicle battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; and

[0032] Figure 5 is a graph illustrating another example of an available capacity setting of a battery in a billing system based on an available capacity of a vehicle battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] Hereinafter, a billing system and method based on an available capacity of a vehicle battery according to various embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] Figure 1 is a block diagram of a billing system based on an available capacity of a vehicle battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0035] Referring to Figure 1, a billing system based on available capacity of a vehicle battery according to one embodiment of the disclosure can include a vehicle 10 including a battery 11 and a battery controller 12 configured to determine a maximum value and a minimum value of a state of charge (SOC) of the battery 11 based on an available capacity setting of the battery 11, a user terminal 20 configured to receive an available capacity setting change request including an available capacity setting change amount of the battery 11 and transmit the available capacity setting change request, and a server 30 configured to receive the available capacity setting change request transmitted by the user terminal 20 and determine a battery usage fee corresponding to the available capacity setting change amount included in the received available capacity setting change request.

[0036] The vehicle 10 is an electric vehicle (EV) that generates a wheel driving force by using energy stored in the battery 11 of a motor, and can include the battery 11 configured to store energy for driving the motor and the battery controller 12 configured to monitor a state of the battery 11 and control charging and discharging of the battery 11.

[0037] The battery controller 12 can be implemented as a control device referred to as a battery management system (BMS) in the art. In various embodiments of the disclosure, the battery controller 12 can set an available capacity of the battery 11, and can determine an SOC region operating in the battery 11 based on the set available capacity.

[0038] The user terminal 20 is a wireless terminal possessed by an owner of the vehicle 10 or a person in charge of driving the vehicle 10. In one embodiment of the disclosure, the user terminal 20 can receive an available capacity setting change request of the battery 11 input by the owner of the vehicle 10 or the person in charge of driving the vehicle 10 and can transmit the available capacity setting change request to the server 30.

[0039] An application program for managing the battery 11 can be installed in the user terminal 20. The user terminal 20 can receive a changeable amount of the available capacity of the battery in the vehicle 10 from the vehicle 10 through the application program and display the received changeable amount of the available capacity of the battery. When the owner of the vehicle 10 or the person in charge of driving the vehicle 10 operates the application program, determines an available capacity setting change amount of the battery based on the changeable amount of the available capacity of the battery displayed in the application program, and inputs the determined available capacity setting change amount of the battery, an available capacity setting change request including the input available capacity setting change amount of the battery can be transmitted to the server 30.

[0040] The server 30 can receive the amount of change in available capacity included in the request for change in available capacity transmitted by the user terminal 20, can determine the battery usage fee corresponding to the amount of change in available capacity, and can transmit the determined battery usage fee to the user terminal 20. When the car owner of the vehicle 10 or the person in charge of driving the vehicle 10 who confirms the battery usage fee through the user terminal 20 inputs whether to accept the corresponding fee to the user terminal 20, the user terminal 20 can transmit whether to accept the corresponding fee to the server 30, and the server 30 can determine the battery usage fee according to whether to accept the corresponding fee.

[0041] In addition, the server 30 can calculate and collect the battery usage fee based on the available capacity setting of the battery and the usage period of the corresponding available capacity setting.

[0042] The vehicle 10, the user terminal 20, and the server 30 can communicate with each other through the communication network 240. That is, the vehicle can be a vehicle to which the concept of a networked car known in the art is applied.

[0043] Figures 2 to 5 FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of an available capacity setting of a battery in a billing system based on an available capacity of a vehicle battery according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0044] As Figure 2 indicated in FIG. 1, in the billing system based on the available capacity of the vehicle battery according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, various portions in which charging and discharging of the battery are performed can be determined by setting minimum and maximum values of the entire SOC of the battery as various values.

[0045] As one example, a driver who purchases a vehicle mainly for the purpose of short-distance driving of the vehicle can use as small a battery capacity as possible by applying the third available capacity setting as indicated in FIG. 2, and can pay a relatively lower battery usage fee corresponding to the minimum third available capacity setting to operate the vehicle. Figure 2

[0046] As another example, a driver who purchases a vehicle mainly for the purpose of long-distance driving of the vehicle can use as large a battery capacity as possible by applying the first available capacity setting as indicated in FIG. 1, and can pay a relatively higher battery usage fee corresponding to the maximum first available capacity setting to operate the vehicle. Figure 2

[0047] The driver who has purchased the vehicle can change the available capacity setting in a situation such as a situation in which the usage purpose of the vehicle is changed while the vehicle is operated or a situation in which long-distance driving of the vehicle is temporarily required.

[0048] By doing so, various adjustments can be made by changing the available capacity setting or changing the battery usage fee as needed.

[0049] ​​As one example, in order to temporarily increase the available capacity of the battery, a daily battery usage fee based on the increase in the available capacity can be set. As another example, in order to increase the available capacity of the battery for a relatively long period of time, a weekly, monthly, or battery usage fee without any period limit based on the increase in the available capacity can be set.

[0050] Therefore, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, a concept similar to a fee corresponding to data usage of a mobile communication service can be applied to the available capacity of the battery. That is, similar to a mobile communication service in which various charging systems are applied according to data usage, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, various charging systems can be set in advance according to the available capacity of the vehicle battery, and in the case where it is necessary to change the available capacity of the vehicle battery, various methods of changing the available capacity of the battery to meet the needs of the driver, such as changing the charging system itself, temporarily paying an additional fee, etc., can be used.

[0051] On the other hand, in various embodiments of the present disclosure, the application of the set available capacity of the battery 11 can be performed by the monitoring of the battery 11 by the battery controller 12 and the control of charging and discharging of the battery.

[0052] The battery controller 12 can appropriately determine the maximum and minimum values of the state of charge (SOC) of the battery 11 based on the set available capacity to operate the battery 11 within the range of the set available capacity.

[0053] For example, the battery controller 12 can control the charging and discharging of the battery 11 by changing the charge cut-off voltage and the discharge cut-off voltage according to the set available capacity. The charge cut-off voltage and the discharge cut-off voltage refer to the voltage at which the charging of the battery 11 is terminated and the voltage at which the discharging of the battery 11 is terminated, and as the set available capacity of the battery 11 increases, the charge cut-off voltage rises and the discharge cut-off voltage falls (refer to FIG. 2). Figure 2 ) This is because the SOC of the battery 11 is in almost proportional relationship with the voltage of the battery 11. That is, as the SOC of the battery 11 increases, the voltage of the battery 11 rises, and as the SOC of the battery 11 falls, the voltage of the battery 11 falls.

[0054] Figure 5 is a graph showing another example of the setting of the available capacity of the battery in a charging system based on the available capacity of the vehicle battery according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a user can set the available capacity of the battery by operating the user terminal 20 such as a smartphone or a tablet through the user terminal 20 such as a smartphone or a tablet. Figure 5The illustrated user interface (UI) intuitively sets the available capacity of the battery 11. As illustrated, the user can set a desired drivable distance by scrolling or dragging, in which case the fee automatically calculated according to the set drivable distance can be output through the display to improve use intuitiveness. Conversely, when a fee range is scrolled or dragged, the drivable distance corresponding to the fee range can be calculated and displayed.

[0055] In this method of using the UI, a pre-set value as Figure 2 illustrated is not selected, but the user can select a desired value in detail, and the selection result can be displayed in real time, thereby improving user convenience.

[0056] Furthermore, this use of the UI in the user terminal 20 conforms to the concept of converting the battery 11, i.e., a tangible product, into an intangible service as the purpose of the present disclosure, and provides intuitiveness that enables the user to more easily access and understand the intangible service.

[0057] Figure 3 is a graph illustrating a relationship between a state of charge (SOC) of a battery and an open circuit voltage of the battery, to explain yet another example of available capacity setting of a battery in a billing system based on available capacity of a vehicle battery according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0058] Instead of using a charge cut-off voltage and a discharge cut-off voltage in order to operate the battery 11 within a pre-set range of available capacity, as Figure 3 illustrated, a method of using a reference table that pre-stores a relationship between an SOC of the battery 11 and an open circuit voltage of the battery 11 can be applied.

[0059] The battery controller 12 can operate the battery 11 within a range between an open circuit voltage of the battery 11 corresponding to a maximum value of an SOC of the battery 11 according to a set available capacity and an open circuit voltage of the battery 11 corresponding to a minimum value of the SOC of the battery 11 according to the set available capacity, using Figure 3 the reference table illustrated.

[0060] That is, while the battery 11 is being charged, the battery controller 12 can monitor the open circuit voltage of the battery 11, and can stop charging of the battery 11 when the open circuit voltage of the battery 11 reaches a voltage corresponding to the maximum value of the SOC of the battery 11 according to the set available capacity. In the same manner, while the battery 11 is being discharged, the battery controller 12 can monitor the open circuit voltage of the battery 11, and can stop discharging of the battery 11 when the open circuit voltage of the battery 11 reaches a voltage corresponding to the minimum value of the SOC of the battery 11 according to the set available capacity.

[0061] In the case of actual vehicle operation, when the open-circuit voltage of the battery 11 reaches the discharge cutoff voltage or a voltage corresponding to the minimum value of the SOC of the battery 11, the vehicle can be in an unoperable state, and thus the battery controller 12 can output a discharge warning before the open-circuit voltage of the battery 11 reaches the discharge cutoff voltage or the voltage corresponding to the minimum value of the SOC of the battery 11.

[0062] In various embodiments of the disclosure, the battery controller 12 can determine the maximum and minimum values of the SOC of the battery 11 as values symmetrical to each other with reference to a reference value of the SOC of the battery 11. The available capacity of the battery 11 can be set to have an upper limit and a lower limit of the SOC symmetrical to each other with reference to the SOC values corresponding to 50% of the median value of the SOC of the battery 11. Such a battery operation technique is referred to as a technique that can minimize the degradation of the battery 11 to extend the life of the battery 11, and an old battery with excellent quality can be obtained through such a battery operation, so that the activation of the battery downstream industry can be promoted.

[0063] Here, the reference value of the SOC of the battery 11 can be set to 50%, or can be variably set to any value in the range of 50% to about 65% according to the driving environment or the required output level, and the maximum and minimum values of the SOC of the battery 11 can be set to values symmetrical to each other with reference to the reference value.

[0064] Figure 4 FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a charging method based on the available capacity of a vehicle battery according to one embodiment of the disclosure.

[0065] Referring to Figure 4 The charging method based on the available capacity of a vehicle battery according to one embodiment of the disclosure includes a vehicle 10, more precisely, a battery controller 12 in the vehicle 10 judges a changeable amount of the available capacity of a battery 11 based on a pre-set available capacity setting of the battery 11, and transmits the judged changeable amount to a user terminal 20 at S11.

[0066] Thereafter, the user terminal 20 can display the received changeable amount of the available capacity of the battery 11 to provide the received changeable amount of the available capacity of the battery 11 to a user 21 at S12, and when the user 21 judges that the available capacity of the battery needs to be changed, the user 21 can input an available capacity setting change request including an available capacity setting change amount of the battery 11 to the user terminal 20 with reference to the displayed changeable amount of the available capacity of the battery 11 at S13.

[0067] Thereafter, the user terminal 20 can transmit the received available capacity setting change request including the available capacity setting change amount of the battery 11 to the server 30 at S14, and the server 30 can receive the available capacity setting change request, can confirm the available capacity setting change amount of the battery 11 included in the available capacity setting change request, and can set the battery usage fee corresponding to the available capacity setting change amount of the battery 11 at S15.

[0068] Thereafter, the server 30 can transmit the usage fee corresponding to the available capacity setting change amount of the battery 11 to the user terminal 20 at S16, and the user terminal 20 can receive whether the user 21 accepts the battery usage fee corresponding to the available capacity setting change amount from the user 21 at S17, and the user terminal 20 can transmit the user determination on whether to accept the battery usage fee to the server at S18.

[0069] Thereafter, when the user 21 accepts the battery usage fee corresponding to the available capacity setting change amount, the server 30 can transmit a request for changing the available capacity setting of the battery 11 to correspond to the available capacity setting change amount required by the user 21 to the vehicle 10 at S19, and the battery controller 12 of the vehicle 10 can control the battery 10 to change the available capacity of the battery 10 at S20.

[0070] Upon changing the available capacity of the battery 10 at S20, the charge cutoff voltage corresponding to the maximum value of the SOC of the battery 11 according to the newly set available capacity of the battery 10 can be reset, and the discharge cutoff voltage corresponding to the minimum value of the SOC of the battery 11 can be reset.

[0071] As another example, upon changing the available capacity of the battery 10 at S20, the maximum value of the open circuit voltage of the battery 11 corresponding to the maximum value of the SOC of the battery 11 according to the newly set available capacity of the battery 11 can be reset, and the minimum value of the open circuit voltage of the battery 11 corresponding to the minimum value of the SOC of the battery 11 can be reset.

[0072] In addition, the server 30 can calculate and collect the battery usage fee based on the available capacity setting of the battery 11 and the usage period of the corresponding available capacity setting at S21 and S22.

[0073] As described above, the billing system and method based on the available capacity of a vehicle battery according to several embodiments of the present disclosure enable the available capacity of a battery installed in an electric vehicle to be changed to meet customer needs and collect a usage fee based on the available capacity, thereby enabling economic benefits to be provided to customers using a smaller available capacity battery.

[0074] Further, the billing system and method based on the available capacity of a vehicle battery according to several embodiments of the present disclosure sets upper and lower limits of the available capacity of the battery to values symmetric to each other above and below a reference value of the SOC of the battery to reduce degradation of the battery and extend the life of the battery, thereby being able to provide used batteries having excellent quality in the downstream industry of the battery.

[0075] In addition, the billing system and method based on the available capacity of a vehicle battery according to several embodiments of the present disclosure can prepare various charging systems, such as a charging system for a wireless communication service, according to the available capacity of the vehicle battery and the use period of the corresponding available capacity, and can create additional profits through various related products, etc.

[0076] As is apparent from the above description, the billing system and method based on the available capacity of a vehicle battery according to one embodiment of the present disclosure enables the available capacity of a battery installed in an electric vehicle to be changed to meet customer demand and charges a usage fee based on the available capacity, thereby being able to provide economic benefits to customers who use a battery with a smaller available capacity.

[0077] Further, the billing system and method based on the available capacity of a vehicle battery according to one embodiment of the present disclosure sets upper and lower limits of the available capacity of the battery to values symmetric to each other above and below a reference value (e.g., 50%) of the SOC of the battery to reduce degradation of the battery and extend the life of the battery, thereby being able to provide used batteries having excellent quality in the downstream industry of the battery.

[0078] In addition, the billing system and method based on the available capacity of a vehicle battery according to one embodiment of the present disclosure can prepare various charging systems, such as a charging system for a wireless communication service, according to the available capacity of the vehicle battery and the use period of the corresponding available capacity, and can create additional profits through various related products, etc.

[0079] Although preferred embodiments of the present disclosure have been disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications, additions and substitutions are possible, without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure disclosed in the following claims.

Claims

1. A billing system based on available capacity of a vehicle battery, comprising: a vehicle including a battery and a battery controller that sets a maximum value and a minimum value of a state of charge (SOC) of the battery based on an available capacity setting of the battery; a user terminal that receives an available capacity setting change request including an available capacity setting change amount and transmits the available capacity setting change request; and a server that receives the available capacity setting change request transmitted by the user terminal and determines a battery usage fee corresponding to the available capacity setting change amount included in the received available capacity setting change request.

2. The billing system based on available capacity of a vehicle battery according to claim 1, wherein the battery controller judges an available capacity change amount of the available capacity of the battery based on a pre-set available capacity setting of the battery, and transmits the judged available capacity change amount to the user terminal.

3. The billing system based on available capacity of a vehicle battery according to claim 2, wherein the user terminal displays the available capacity change amount, and receives an available capacity setting change amount determined based on the available capacity change amount.

4. The billing system based on available capacity of a vehicle battery according to claim 1, wherein the server transmits the battery usage fee corresponding to the available capacity setting change amount to the user terminal, and the user terminal receives an indication of whether to accept the battery usage fee corresponding to the available capacity setting change amount, and transmits an indication of whether to accept the battery usage fee to the server.

5. The billing system based on available capacity of a vehicle battery according to claim 1, wherein the server calculates and collects the battery usage fee based on the available capacity setting of the battery and a usage period of the corresponding available capacity setting.

6. The billing system based on available capacity of a vehicle battery according to claim 1, wherein the battery controller sets a charge cut-off voltage corresponding to the maximum value of the SOC of the battery according to the available capacity setting, and sets a discharge cut-off voltage corresponding to the minimum value of the SOC of the battery according to the available capacity setting.

7. The billing system based on available capacity of a vehicle battery according to claim 1, wherein the battery controller sets a maximum value of an open circuit voltage of the battery corresponding to the maximum value of the SOC of the battery according to the available capacity setting, and sets a minimum value of the open circuit voltage of the battery corresponding to the minimum value of the SOC of the battery according to the available capacity setting.

8. The billing system based on available capacity of a vehicle battery according to claim 1, wherein the battery controller determines the maximum value and the minimum value of the SOC of the battery as values symmetrical to each other with reference to a reference value of the SOC of the battery.

9. A billing method based on available capacity of a vehicle battery, which is a billing method based on available capacity of a vehicle battery using a billing system based on available capacity of a vehicle battery, the billing method based on available capacity of a vehicle battery comprising: ​ receiving, by a user terminal, an available capacity setting change request including an available capacity setting change amount of the battery and transmitting the available capacity setting change request; receiving, by a server, the available capacity setting change request transmitted by the user terminal and determining a battery usage fee corresponding to the available capacity setting change amount included in the received available capacity setting change request; and transmitting, by the server, the available capacity setting change amount to the vehicle after determining the battery usage fee, and changing, by a battery controller, the available capacity setting of the battery.

10. The method of charging based on available capacity of a vehicle battery according to claim 9, further comprising: judging, by the battery controller, a changeable amount of the available capacity of the battery based on a pre-set available capacity setting of the battery before transmitting, by the user terminal, the available capacity setting change request, and transmitting the judged changeable amount to the user terminal.

11. The method of charging based on available capacity of a vehicle battery according to claim 10, wherein, in receiving the available capacity setting change request including the available capacity setting change amount of the battery and transmitting the available capacity setting change request, the user terminal displays the changeable amount and receives the available capacity setting change amount determined based on the changeable amount.

12. The method of charging based on available capacity of a vehicle battery according to claim 9, wherein, determining a battery usage fee includes: transmitting, by the server, the battery usage fee corresponding to the available capacity setting change amount to the user terminal; and receiving, by the user terminal, whether to accept the battery usage fee corresponding to the available capacity setting change amount and transmitting, to the server, whether to accept the battery usage fee.

13. The method of charging based on available capacity of a vehicle battery according to claim 9, further comprising: calculating and collecting, by the server, the battery usage fee based on the available capacity setting of the battery and a usage period of the corresponding available capacity setting.

14. The method of charging based on available capacity of a vehicle battery according to claim 9, wherein, in changing the available capacity setting of the battery, the battery controller sets a charge cut-off voltage corresponding to a maximum value of a state of charge (SOC) of the battery according to the available capacity setting and sets a discharge cut-off voltage corresponding to a minimum value of the SOC of the battery according to the available capacity setting.

15. The method of charging based on available capacity of a vehicle battery according to claim 9, wherein, in changing the available capacity setting of the battery, the battery controller sets a maximum value of an open circuit voltage of the battery corresponding to a maximum value of a state of charge (SOC) of the battery according to the available capacity setting and sets a minimum value of the open circuit voltage of the battery corresponding to a minimum value of the SOC of the battery according to the available capacity setting.

16. The method of charging based on available capacity of a vehicle battery according to claim 9, wherein, The battery controller determines maximum and minimum values of a state of charge (SOC) of the battery as values symmetrical to each other with reference to a reference value of the SOC of the battery when changing an available capacity setting of the battery. The battery controller determines maximum and minimum values of a state of charge (SOC) of the battery as values symmetrical to each other with reference to a reference value of the SOC of the battery when changing an available capacity setting of the battery.

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