A cutting insert and a cutting tool

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of cutting tools, in particular to a cutting blade and a cutting tool. The cutting blade comprises a central shank and a cutting head; the cutting head comprises a rake face, a relief face, a bottom face and a chip breaking structure located on the rake face; a cutting edge formed by the rake face and the relief face comprises two edge straight line segments formed by a first rake face and the relief face, two first edge circular arc segments formed by a first circular arc transition face and the relief face and a second edge circular arc segment formed by a second rake face and the relief face; when viewed along the length direction of the central shank towards the relief face, the middle part of the second edge circular arc segment is concave downwards, and the two sides are connected to the edge straight line segments upwards through the first edge circular arc segments. The cutting edge of the application is concave in the overall shape, effectively reduces the cutting resistance during cutting processing, thereby inhibiting the vibration between the cutting edge and the workpiece and improving the machining precision. The cutting blade has certain edge strength while ensuring the sharpness of the edge.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of cutting tool technology, and in particular to a cutting insert and a cutting tool. Background Technology

[0002] In metal turning, especially in grooving, particularly under low to medium feed conditions, the curling, breaking, and smooth removal of chips are crucial aspects of workpiece machining. If the cutting tool's chip-breaking ability is weak, it can increase cutting forces, causing vibrations, blockages, and ultimately, halting the machining process. In severe cases, chips may fail to escape properly, leading to tool breakage and accidents. Therefore, for cutting tools used in grooving, to ensure a smooth surface finish on both sides of the workpiece, it is essential to guarantee not only sharp cutting edges but also excellent chip-breaking capabilities.

[0003] To meet the aforementioned processing requirements, most cutting inserts currently employ either two-dimensional or three-dimensional chip breaker designs. Two-dimensional chip breaker designs have a relatively simple structure, failing to effectively generate chip curling, removal, and breaking, leading to chip entanglement on the workpiece and the insert body, which cannot meet the requirements of automated production equipment. Common three-dimensional chip breaker designs feature large chip grooves combined with a cutting edge width. Connecting the cutting edge width to the chip breaker enhances the insert's strength and achieves good chip curling, removal, and breaking effects. However, due to insufficient cutting edge sharpness, they experience greater operating resistance and are prone to vibration when used with materials requiring high sharpness. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problem that existing cutting inserts with a three-dimensional groove design, featuring large chip grooves and a wide cutting edge, while enhancing the insert's strength and achieving good chip curling, removal, and breaking effects, suffer from insufficient edge sharpness, resulting in significant working resistance and vibration for materials requiring high sharpness, this application provides a cutting insert comprising a central shank and a cutting head disposed at the end of the central shank.

[0005] The cutting head includes a rake face, a flank face, a bottom face, and a chip breaking structure located on the rake face. The rake face and the bottom face are arranged opposite to each other, and the flank face is connected to the rake face and the bottom face. The rake face and the flank face intersect to form a cutting edge. The rake face is provided with two first rake faces, a second rake face located between the two first rake faces, and two first arc transition surfaces for connecting the first rake face and the second rake face.

[0006] The cutting edge includes two straight cutting edge segments formed by the first rake face and the flank face, two first circular cutting edge segments formed by the first circular arc transition surface and the flank face, and a second circular cutting edge segment formed by the second rake face and the flank face.

[0007] Looking towards the back face along the length of the central shank, the middle of the second cutting edge arc segment is concave downwards, and both sides are connected upwards to the cutting edge straight segment through the first cutting edge arc segment.

[0008] In one embodiment, the angle α between the tangent of the first rake face and the horizontal plane ranges from 5° to 20°;

[0009] The angle β between the tangent of the second rake face and the horizontal plane ranges from 15° to 35°.

[0010] In one embodiment, the two common tangents of the first and second cutting edge arc segments intersect the extensions of their adjacent cutting edge straight segments to obtain two intersection points. Let the distance between the two intersection points be W1, and the total cutting edge width of the cutting edge be W2, where W1 = α * W2, and 0.32 ≤ α ≤ 0.45.

[0011] In one embodiment, the chip breaker structure includes a chip breaker groove and chip breaker arms disposed along the length direction of the central shank. Two chip breaker arms are disposed and located on both sides of the chip breaker groove. The chip breaker groove is connected to the second rake face, and the two chip breaker arms are connected to the two first rake faces respectively.

[0012] In one embodiment, the chip breaker arm includes a first boss and a chip-reversing surface, one side of the chip-reversing surface being connected to the first boss, and the other side of the chip-reversing surface being connected to the first rake face.

[0013] In one embodiment, the height difference between the highest point of the first boss and the lowest point of the anti-chip surface is set as H, the height difference between the straight segment of the cutting edge and the lowest point of the anti-chip surface is set as h, and the height difference H is in the range of 1.2h to 1.5h.

[0014] In one embodiment, the chip breaker groove includes a groove arc bottom surface, a groove bottom surface, and a chip-receiving surface. One side of the groove arc bottom surface is connected to the second rake face, and the other side of the groove arc bottom surface is connected to the groove bottom surface and the chip-receiving surface. Two chip-receiving surfaces are provided and are respectively connected to the two sides of the groove bottom surface. The width of the chip breaker groove gradually increases along the second rake face and the groove arc bottom surface, and gradually decreases at the chip-receiving surface.

[0015] In one embodiment, the chip breaker arm further includes a second arc transition surface connected to the first arc transition surface and a second boss located on the side of the first boss away from the cutting edge and with a height higher than the first boss. The second arc transition surface extends along the length direction of the chip breaker groove and is connected to the chip breaker groove and the anti-chip surface. The second boss is connected to the second arc transition surface and extends along the chip-receiving surface. The width of the second arc transition surface on the bottom arc surface of the groove is L, and the distance between the two second bosses is l. The width L ≥ 1.5l.

[0016] In one embodiment, the chip breaker groove further includes a third arc transition surface located between the bottom surface of the groove and the arc bottom surface of the groove. The arc bottom surface of the groove is connected to the bottom surface of the groove and the chip-receiving surface through the third arc transition surface. The arc bottom surface of the groove includes a descending portion connected to the second rake face and a rising portion connected to the descending portion. One side of the bottom surface of the groove is connected to the rising portion, and the other side of the bottom surface of the groove is inclined in a direction away from the bottom surface. Or / and, the included angle of the tangents at the connection between the two sides of the arc bottom surface of the groove and the second arc transition surface is η, and the range of η is 50° to 70°. The included angle between the two chip-receiving surfaces is ε, and the range of ε is 30° to 45°.

[0017] The cutting blade provided in this application embodiment has at least the following technical principles and effects:

[0018] The cutting edge of this insert features a downward-curving second cutting edge segment, with both sides smoothly transitioning upwards from the first cutting edge segment to the straight cutting edge segment. This results in an overall approximately concave cutting edge shape. This edge shape effectively reduces cutting resistance when the cutting edge enters the workpiece, thereby suppressing relative vibration between the cutting edge and the workpiece and improving machining accuracy. Furthermore, the presence of the first cutting edge segment effectively reduces stress concentration during machining, lowering the risk of insert breakage. Therefore, this concave cutting edge design ensures both sharpness and a certain degree of tip strength, improving tool life and workpiece surface quality.

[0019] On the other hand, this application also provides a cutting tool, which includes a tool body and a cutting insert as described above, the cutting insert being mounted on the tool body.

[0020] Based on the above, compared with the prior art, the cutting tool provided in this application has at least the following technical effects: the tool of this application, by mounting the above-mentioned cutting insert on the tool body, uses the rotation or movement of the tool body to drive the cutting of the cutting insert, and the tool of this application has the technical effects of the above-mentioned cutting insert, which will not be repeated here.

[0021] Other features and beneficial effects of this application will be set forth in the following description and will be apparent in part from the description or may be learned by practicing the application. The objectives and other beneficial effects of this application may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the description, claims and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Unless otherwise specified, the positional relationships in the drawings described below are based on the direction in which the components are drawn in the figures.

[0023] Figure 1 This application provides schematic diagrams of embodiments of cutting blades.

[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A top view of the cutting blade.

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 1 An enlarged schematic diagram of the cutting head.

[0026] Figure 4 For along Figure 2 An enlarged schematic diagram of the AA cross-sectional view.

[0027] Figure 5 For along Figure 2 An enlarged schematic diagram of the BB cross-sectional view.

[0028] Figure 6 for Figure 1 The frontal projection view of the back face of the cutting insert.

[0029] Figure 7 For along Figure 2 A partially enlarged schematic diagram of the CC section view.

[0030] Figure 8 For along Figure 2 A partially enlarged schematic diagram of the DD cross-sectional view.

[0031] Figure label:

[0032] 10 Cutting inserts 210 Chip breaker arm 220 Chip breaker groove

[0033] 100 Central Shank 211 First Rake Face 221 Second Rake Face

[0034] 110 Upper surface 212 Chip-reversing surface 222 Groove rounded bottom surface

[0035] 120 Side support surface 213 Chip-reversing arc surface 223 Third arc transition surface

[0036] 200 Cutting head 214 First boss 224 Groove bottom

[0037] 201 rake face 215 first support arc surface 225 chip-receiving surface

[0038] 202 Back face 216 Second support arc surface 226 Second boss

[0039] 203 Cutting edge 230 Rake face 240 First arc transition surface

[0040] 203a cutting edge straight section 250 second circular arc transition surface

[0041] 203b First cutting edge arc segment

[0042] 203c second cutting edge arc segment Detailed Implementation

[0043] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. The technical features designed in the different implementations of this application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0044] It should be noted that the terms "setup" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to direct setup or connection, or indirect setup or connection through centered components or centered structures.

[0045] Furthermore, in the embodiments of this application, terms such as "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer" are used to indicate orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or in a conventional placement or usage state. These terms are merely for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the structure, feature, device, or element referred to must have a specific orientation or positional relationship, nor that it must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more.

[0046] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used in the embodiments of this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by a person skilled in the art to which this application pertains, and should not be construed as limiting this application; it should be further understood that the terms used in the embodiments of this application should be understood to have the same meaning as these terms in the context of this specification and in the relevant field, and should not be understood in an idealized or overly formal sense, except as expressly defined in this application.

[0047] For cutting inserts used in grooving, in order to ensure the surface finish on both sides of the workpiece, it is necessary not only to ensure the sharpness of the cutting edge, but also to ensure its good chip curling and chip breaking ability. For this reason, existing inserts usually adopt a three-dimensional groove design, that is, with a large chip groove and a cutting width. The chip breaking groove connected by the cutting width can enhance the strength of the insert and achieve good chip curling, chip removal and chip breaking effects. However, due to its insufficient cutting edge sharpness, it has greater working resistance and is prone to vibration problems for materials with high sharpness requirements.

[0048] Therefore, this application provides a cutting blade to solve the above problems:

[0049] This application provides embodiments such as Figure 1 or Figure 2 A cutting insert 10 is shown, comprising a central shank 100 and a cutting head 200 disposed at the end of the central shank 100; wherein, referring to Figure 3 In this embodiment, the cutting head 200 includes a rake face 201, a bottom surface (not shown in the figure) opposite to the rake face 201, a flank face 202 connected to the rake face 201 and the bottom surface, and a chip breaking structure provided on the rake face 201, wherein the cutting edge 203 is formed by connecting the rake face 201 and the flank face 202.

[0050] To address the shortcomings of existing cutting inserts, this application provides an innovative design for the cutting head 200, particularly the cutting edge 203:

[0051] Please combine Figure 3 and Figure 6The rake face 201 is provided with two first rake faces 211, a second rake face 221 located between the two first rake faces 211, and two first arc transition surfaces 240 for connecting the first rake faces 211 and the second rake faces 221. There are two straight cutting edge segments 203a formed by the first rake faces 211 and the flank face 202, two first arc cutting edge segments 203b formed by the first arc transition surfaces 240 and the flank face 202, and a second arc cutting edge segment 203c formed by the second rake faces 221 and the flank face 202.

[0052] Therefore, the cutting edge 203 in this embodiment is composed of two straight cutting edge segments 203a, two first cutting edge arc segments 203b located between the two straight cutting edge segments 203a, and a second cutting edge arc segment 203c located between the two first cutting edge arc segments 203b, and is viewed towards the flank face 202 along the length direction of the central shank 100, as shown in the reference. Figure 6 The middle part of the second cutting edge arc segment 203c is concave downwards, and the two sides are respectively connected to the straight cutting edge segment 203a through the first cutting edge arc segment 203b. That is, the entire cutting edge 203 is approximately concave.

[0053] When the cutting edge 203, with the above-described structural design, enters the workpiece, its concave cutting edge shape effectively reduces cutting resistance, thereby suppressing relative vibration between the cutting edge 203 and the workpiece and improving machining accuracy. Furthermore, during cutting, the arc transition of the first cutting edge segment 203b effectively disperses stress, reducing the risk of blade breakage due to excessive stress concentration. This concave cutting edge design ensures both sharpness and sufficient tip strength, improving blade life and workpiece surface quality.

[0054] Alternatively, please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 The angle α between the tangent of the first rake face 211 and the horizontal plane ranges from 5° to 20°, that is, the rake angle α of the first rake face 211 ranges from 5° to 20°; the angle β between the tangent of the second rake face 221 and the horizontal plane ranges from 15° to 35°, that is, the rake angle β of the second rake face 221 ranges from 15° to 35°.

[0055] Specifically, the first rake face 211 can be a plane or a curved surface, and the second rake face 221 is a curved surface, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the first rake face 211 extends downward from the point of connection with the flank face 202; as Figure 5As shown, the second rake face 221 extends downward from the point of connection with the flank face 202 with a curvature greater than that of the first rake face 211. The angle α between the tangent of the first rake face 211 and the horizontal plane is controlled within the range of 5° to 20°, and the angle β between the tangent of the second rake face 221 and the horizontal plane is controlled within the range of 15° to 35°. This ensures sufficient strength of the cutting edge of the insert 10 and further improves its sharpness. Preferably, β > 2α.

[0056] The specific values ​​of angles α and β can be adjusted by those skilled in the art within the above range according to actual needs and processing objectives, and no restrictions are imposed here.

[0057] Optionally, refer to Figure 6 The two common tangents of the first cutting edge arc segment 203b and the second cutting edge arc segment 203c intersect with the extensions of the adjacent cutting edge straight segment 203a to obtain two intersection points. Let the distance between the two intersection points be W1, and the total cutting edge width of the cutting edge 203 be W2, and W1=α*W2, 0.32≤α≤0.45.

[0058] This design, on the one hand, can further reduce the resistance during cutting and decrease the vibration between the cutting edge 203 and the workpiece; on the other hand, it can effectively disperse the stress generated during cutting and improve the strength of the cutting edge 203. The specific values ​​of α, W1, and W2 mentioned above can be adjusted by those skilled in the art using the above formulas and according to actual needs and machining objectives; no restrictions are imposed here.

[0059] For example, the radius of the arc where the first cutting edge arc segment 203b is located ranges from 0.5mm to 1.5mm, and the radius of the arc where the second cutting edge arc segment 203c is located ranges from 0.5mm to 2mm.

[0060] Optionally, the chip breaking structure includes a chip breaking groove 220 and chip breaking arms 210 arranged along the length of the central shank 100. Two chip breaking arms 210 are provided and are respectively located on both sides of the chip breaking groove 220. The chip breaking groove 220 is connected to the second rake face 221, and the two chip breaking arms 210 are respectively connected to the two first rake faces 211.

[0061] like Figure 3As shown, the chip breaker groove 220 extends along the length of the central shank 100 towards the point where it connects with the second rake face 221. Two chip breaker arms 210 are located on either side of the chip breaker groove 220 and extend along the length of the central shank 100 towards the point where they connect with the adjacent first rake face 211. During cutting, chips flow into the chip breaker arms 210 through the first rake face 211 and into the chip breaker groove 220 through the second rake face 221. Due to the special concave structure of the cutting edge 203, the chips are easily curled, promoting chip deformation and thus achieving the chip-breaking effect.

[0062] Optionally, the chip breaker arm 210 includes a first boss 214 and a chip-reversing surface 212. One side of the chip-reversing surface 212 is connected to the first boss 214, and the other side of the chip-reversing surface 212 is connected to the first rake face 211.

[0063] like Figure 4 As shown, on the rake face 201, the chip-breaking surface 212 includes a descending portion and a rising portion. The descending portion of the chip-breaking surface 212 is connected to the first rake face 211, and the rising portion connected to the descending portion of the chip-breaking surface 212 is connected to the first boss 214 via the chip-breaking arc surface 213. The chip-breaking principle of the chip-breaking arm 210 is that the chip flows into the chip-breaking surface 212 through the first rake face 211. Since the chip-breaking surface 212 has a descending and then rising structure, the chip can curl after passing through the chip-breaking surface 212. Then, the chip deformation is further increased by the chip-breaking arc surface 213, and finally, the chip passes through the first boss 214 to promote the chip to exceed its own yield strength, thereby achieving the chip-breaking effect.

[0064] Optionally, such as Figure 4 As shown, let the height difference between the highest point of the first boss 214 and the lowest point of the chip-reversing surface 212 be H, and let the height difference between the straight cutting edge segment 203a and the lowest point of the chip-reversing surface 212 be h, and let the height difference H be between 1.2h and 1.5h.

[0065] The reason for this design is that, during chip movement, the first boss 214 can both promote the cutting curl to achieve hardening and fracture, and reduce the contact area with the chips, thereby reducing resistance. This allows for the preservation of sufficient space for chip removal and cooling water flow, reducing chip blockage and preventing chip shaking and poor chip removal due to insufficient chip return surface of the first boss 214. The specific values ​​of H and h can be adjusted by those skilled in the art based on the above proportional relationship and actual needs and processing objectives; no restrictions are imposed here.

[0066] Alternatively, please refer to Figure 3The chip breaker groove 220 includes a groove arc bottom surface 222, a groove bottom surface 224, and a chip-receiving surface 225. One side of the groove arc bottom surface 222 is connected to the second rake face 221, and the other side of the groove arc bottom surface 222 is connected to the groove bottom surface 224 and the chip-receiving surface 225. There are two chip-receiving surfaces 225, which are respectively connected to the two sides of the groove bottom surface 224. The width of the chip breaker groove 220 gradually increases along the second rake face 221 and the groove arc bottom surface 222, and gradually decreases at the chip-receiving surface 225.

[0067] like Figure 3 As shown, on the rake face 201, one side of the groove arc bottom surface 222 is connected to the second rake face 221, and the other side is connected to the groove bottom surface 224 and two chip-collecting surfaces 225. The two chip-collecting surfaces 225 are located on both sides of the groove bottom surface 224. The width of the entire chip breaker groove 220 increases and then decreases along the length of the central shank 100 and toward the central shank 100. Specifically, the width gradually increases from the connection between the second rake face 221 and the flank face 202 to the connection between the groove arc bottom surface 222 and the chip-collecting surfaces 225, and then gradually decreases and contracts from the chip-collecting surfaces 225. Since the width of the entire chip breaker groove 220 tends to increase on the second rake face 221 and the bottom surface of the groove arc 222, it is beneficial to guide the chips smoothly from the second rake face 221 into the bottom surface of the groove arc 222, which can reduce the resistance during cutting. Then, the width of the chip breaker groove 220 begins to decrease at the chip receiving surface 225. The chips then enter the narrowed groove formed by the bottom surface of the groove arc 222 and the chip receiving surface 225, causing the chips to be tightly curled in the narrowed groove, so that the chips exceed their own yield strength and achieve the chip breaking effect.

[0068] In addition, combined Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 During machining, because the chip breaker groove 220 is lower than the chip breaker arm 210, the middle section of the chip is concave as the chip breaker arm 210 moves, causing stress concentration and hardening, resulting in a concave chip narrower than the cutting edge 203. As the cutting flow reaches the anti-chip surface 212, it extends upward along the arc to the first boss 214, causing the chip to curl upward. When machining soft and sticky materials, the chip breaker arm 210 and the chip breaker groove 220 interact to form the initial curl of the cutting. As the chip extends backward, when the cutting reaches the narrowed groove formed by the bottom surface 224 and the chip receiving surface 225, the chip further compacts and curls, forming the desired spring-like chip. At the same time, the chip breaker groove with its varying heights prevents the chip from shifting to the sides and forming a spiral chip, ensuring the chip breaking effect.

[0069] Alternatively, please refer to Figure 3The chip breaker arm 210 also includes a second arc transition surface 250 connected to the first arc transition surface 240 and a second boss 226 located on the side of the first boss 214 away from the cutting edge 203 and with a height higher than the first boss 214. The second arc transition surface 250 extends along the length direction of the chip breaker groove 220 and is in contact with the chip breaker groove 220 and the anti-chip surface 212. The second boss 226 is in contact with the second arc transition surface 250 and extends along the chip receiving surface 225. Please refer to the above information. Figure 2 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 The width of the second arc transition surface 250 on the bottom surface 222 of the groove is L, and the distance between the two second protrusions 226 is l. The width L ≥ 1.5l.

[0070] like Figure 3 As shown, along the length of the central shank 100 and towards the direction closer to the central shank 100, the first cutting edge arc segment 203b is sequentially connected to a first arc transition surface 240 and a second arc transition surface 250. This structure allows for further release of cutting stress generated during the cutting process. Preferably, the width of the first cutting edge arc segment 203b gradually decreases along the first arc transition surface 240 and the second arc transition surface 250, which not only effectively releases cutting pressure but also reduces the impact on the chip narrowing effect.

[0071] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 5 The first boss 214 extends upward in the direction away from the cutting edge 203 to the second boss 226. The second boss 226 continues to extend to connect with the rear rake face 230, and the height of the second boss 226 is higher than that of the first boss 214 and the rear rake face 230, so as to further improve the strength of the first boss 214.

[0072] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 5 The second boss 226 is also adjacent to the second arc transition surface 250 and extends along the length of the central shank 100. The two chip-receiving surfaces 225 extend upward to the second boss 226 that is close to them. This design makes the second boss 226, the chip-receiving surface 225 and the bottom surface of the groove 224 form a cavity that is concave towards the center of the cutting head 200, which is conducive to the concentration of chips, promotes chip curling, and completes the cutting flow through the height difference between the second boss 226 and the bottom surface of the groove 224.

[0073] Reference Figure 7The width of the second arc transition surface 250 at the bottom arc surface 222 of the groove is L, and the distance between the two second protrusions 226 is l. This width L ≥ 1.5l is designed to ensure that the chip breaker groove 220 narrows along the cutting direction, achieving the effect of narrow chip wrapping and promoting chip curling and deformation. The specific values ​​of L and l can be adjusted by those skilled in the art based on the above proportional relationship and actual needs and processing objectives; no restrictions are imposed here.

[0074] Optionally, the chip breaker groove 220 also includes a third arc transition surface 223 located between the bottom surface 224 of the groove and the arc bottom surface 222 of the groove. The arc bottom surface 222 of the groove is connected to the bottom surface 224 of the groove and the chip receiving surface 225 through the third arc transition surface 223. The arc bottom surface 222 of the groove includes a descending part connected to the second rake face 221 and a rising part connected to the descending part. One side of the bottom surface 224 of the groove is connected to the rising part, and the other side of the bottom surface 224 of the groove is inclined in the direction away from the bottom surface.

[0075] like Figure 5 As shown, the grooved arc bottom surface 222 includes a descending portion connected to the second rake face 221 and a rising portion connected to the descending portion. A portion of the rising portion is directly connected to the groove bottom surface 224, while the remaining portion is connected to the chip-receiving surfaces 225 located on both sides of the groove bottom surface 224 via a third arc transition surface 223. The groove bottom surface 224 is a plane, and its side away from the grooved arc bottom surface 222 extends obliquely towards the rear rake face 230 in a direction away from the bottom surface. Due to the special structure of the second rake face 221 and the grooved arc bottom surface 222, the chips can easily approach the second rake face 221 and the grooved arc bottom surface 222 during the machining process, forming a narrow chip-encasing effect. The chips then flow smoothly into the narrowed groove formed by the groove bottom surface 224 and the chip-receiving surface 225 via the third arc transition surface 223, where they are further curled and broken.

[0076] Simultaneously, as the cutting flow curls to form spring-like chips, the coolant is guided from the bottom surface 224 of the groove to the arc-shaped bottom surface 222 of the groove, smoothly aiding in the impact of the chips, further promoting chip breaking, and carrying away the chips and heat. The height difference between the second boss 226 and the bottom surface 224 of the groove prevents coolant splashing. The smooth transition from the bottom surface 224 of the groove to the arc-shaped bottom surface 222 of the groove (as shown in the image)... Figure 5 As shown in the figure, this reduces unnecessary forces between the coolant and the cutting edge, thereby ensuring the effectiveness of the coolant and stable chip removal.

[0077] For example, the bottom surface 224 of the groove extends to the rear front facet 230 along the tangential direction at the junction with the arcuate bottom surface 222 of the groove.

[0078] Optionally, refer to Figure 7Let the included angle between the tangents at the connection points of the two sides of the groove's circular arc bottom surface 222 and the second circular arc transition surface 250 be η, and let η range from 50° to 70°; refer to Figure 8 The included angle between the two chip-receiving surfaces 225 is ε, with ε ranging from 30° to 45°. This design ensures that the chip breaker groove 220 narrows along the cutting direction, achieving a narrow chip enclosure effect and promoting chip curling and deformation. The specific values ​​of η and ε can be adjusted by those skilled in the art within the above range, based on actual needs and machining objectives; no limitations are imposed here.

[0079] Optionally, such as Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the chip breaker arm 210 and chip breaker groove 220 are symmetrically distributed along a centerline parallel to the length direction of the central shank 100. The cutting insert 10 shown in this embodiment is only a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application in any way. The chip breaker arm 210 and chip breaker groove 220 of this application may not be symmetrical along a centerline parallel to the length direction of the central shank 100.

[0080] Optionally, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 In the illustrated embodiment, the first boss 214 is also connected to the rear front face 230 via a first supporting arc surface 215 and a second supporting arc surface 216. Looking along the length of the central shank 100, the first boss 214 has anti-chip arc surfaces 213 and first supporting arc surfaces 215 on both sides. This structure better ensures the stability of the lower end structure of the first boss 214, reducing damage to the first boss 214 under impact conditions caused by chip impact.

[0081] For the central stem 100:

[0082] like Figure 1 As shown, the central handle 100 includes an upper surface 110, a bottom surface (not shown) opposite to the upper surface 110, and two side support surfaces 120 connecting the upper surface 110 and the bottom surface.

[0083] For cutting tools:

[0084] This application also provides a cutting tool, which includes a tool body (not shown in the figure) and a cutting insert 10 as described above. The cutting insert 10 is mounted on the tool body, that is, by mounting the cutting insert 10 on the tool body, the rotation or movement of the tool body drives the cutting insert 10 to cut. The mounting structure between the cutting insert 10 and the tool body is not an improvement of this application. Those skilled in the art can assemble the cutting insert 10 and the tool body according to existing mounting methods, which will not be described in detail here.

[0085] The cutting tool of this application has the technical effects of the cutting insert 10 described above, which will not be repeated here.

[0086] It should be noted that:

[0087] The cutting blade 10 of this application embodiment has cutting heads 200 symmetrically arranged at both ends of the central shank 100. The cutting blade 10 shown in this embodiment is only a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application in any way. The cutting heads 200 of this application may also be asymmetrically arranged at both ends of the central shank 100, and are not limited to having two central shanks 100.

[0088] Understandably, the cutting blade 10 shown in this embodiment and its accompanying drawings is merely an example. In this embodiment, the central shank 100 adopts a rectangular parallelepiped-shaped "I" structure, and the cutting head 200 is disposed at both ends or one end of the central shank 100. Based on the above design concept, and considering the structure and usage of the cutting head 200, the central shank 100 can also adopt other structural designs, and the number of cutting heads 200 can be adjusted on the central shank 100 with different structures. For example, the central shank 100 can adopt a cross-shaped structure, a rice-shaped structure, an L-shaped structure, or a T-shaped structure, and the cutting head 200 can be disposed at the end of the central shank 100, including but not limited to the schemes shown in the above embodiments.

[0089] In some implementations, the cutting insert 10 may be made of a cemented carbide substrate, and optionally, various functional or decorative coatings may be applied to the surface of the cutting insert 10 to improve its performance.

[0090] Furthermore, those skilled in the art should understand that although many problems exist in the prior art, each embodiment or technical solution of this application can be improved in only one or a few aspects, without necessarily solving all the technical problems listed in the prior art or background art simultaneously. Those skilled in the art should understand that any content not mentioned in a claim should not be construed as a limitation on that claim.

[0091] Although this document frequently uses terms such as central shank, upper surface, support surface, chip breaker groove, chip breaker arm, rake face, flank face, cutting head, and anti-chip surface, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used merely for the convenience of describing and explaining the essence of this application; interpreting them as any additional limitation would contradict the spirit of this application. The terms "first," "second," etc. (if present), in the description of the embodiments of this application, the claims, and the aforementioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0092] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A cutting blade, characterized in that, It includes a central shank (100) and a cutting head (200) located at the end of the central shank (100). The cutting head (200) includes a rake face (201), a flank face (202), a bottom surface, and a chip breaking structure located on the rake face (201). The rake face (201) and the bottom surface are arranged opposite to each other, and the flank face (202) is connected to the rake face (201) and the bottom surface. The rake face (201) and the flank face (202) intersect to form a cutting edge (203). The rake face (201) is provided with two first rake faces (211), a second rake face (221) located between the two first rake faces (211), and two first arc transition surfaces (240) for connecting the first rake face (211) and the second rake face (221). The cutting edge (203) includes two straight cutting edge segments (203a) formed by the first rake face (211) and the flank face (202), two first circular cutting edge segments (203b) formed by the first circular arc transition surface (240) and the flank face (202), and a second circular cutting edge segment (203c) formed by the second rake face (221) and the flank face (202). Looking along the length of the central shank (100) toward the back face (202), the middle of the second cutting edge arc segment (203c) is concave downwards, and both sides are connected upwards to the cutting edge straight segment (203a) through the first cutting edge arc segment (203b); the cutting edge of the cutting edge (203) is concave. The angle α between the tangent of the first rake face (211) and the horizontal plane ranges from 5° to 20°; The angle β between the tangent of the second rake face (221) and the horizontal plane ranges from 15° to 35°; The two common tangents of the first and second cutting edge arc segments (203b and 203c) intersect the extensions of the adjacent cutting edge straight segments (203a) to obtain two intersection points. Let the distance between the two intersection points be W1, and the total cutting edge width of the cutting edge (203) be W2, and W1 = α * W2, 0.32 ≤ α ≤ 0.

45.

2. The cutting blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chip breaking structure includes a chip breaking groove (220) and chip breaking arms (210) arranged along the length direction of the central shank (100). Two chip breaking arms (210) are provided and are respectively located on both sides of the chip breaking groove (220). The chip breaking groove (220) is connected to the second rake face (221), and the two chip breaking arms (210) are respectively connected to the two first rake faces (211).

3. The cutting blade according to claim 2, characterized in that, The chip breaker arm (210) includes a first boss (214) and a chip-reversing surface (212). One side of the chip-reversing surface (212) is connected to the first boss (214), and the other side of the chip-reversing surface (212) is connected to the first rake face (211).

4. The cutting insert according to claim 3, characterized in that: Let the height difference between the highest point of the first boss (214) and the lowest point of the anti-chip surface (212) be set as H, and the height difference between the straight cutting edge segment (203a) and the lowest point of the anti-chip surface (212) be set as h, and the height difference H is between 1.2h and 1.5h.

5. The cutting insert according to claim 3, characterized in that: The chip breaker groove (220) includes a groove arc bottom surface (222), a groove bottom surface (224), and a chip-receiving surface (225). One side of the groove arc bottom surface (222) is connected to the second rake face (221), and the other side of the groove arc bottom surface (222) is connected to the groove bottom surface (224) and the chip-receiving surface (225). There are two chip-receiving surfaces (225) and they are respectively connected to the two sides of the groove bottom surface (224). The width of the chip breaker groove (220) gradually increases along the second rake face (221) and the groove arc bottom surface (222), and gradually decreases at the chip-receiving surface (225).

6. The cutting blade according to claim 5, characterized in that, The chip breaker arm (210) further includes a second arc transition surface (250) connected to the first arc transition surface (240) and a second boss (226) located on the side of the first boss (214) away from the cutting edge (203) and with a height higher than the first boss (214). The second arc transition surface (250) extends along the length direction of the chip breaker groove (220). The second arc transition surface (250) is in contact with the chip breaker groove (220) and the anti-chip surface (212). The second boss (226) is in contact with the second arc transition surface (250) and extends along the chip-receiving surface (225). The width of the second arc transition surface (250) on the bottom surface (222) of the groove is L, and the distance between the two second bosses (226) is l. The width L ≥ 1.5l.

7. The cutting blade according to claim 6, characterized in that, The chip breaker groove (220) further includes a third arc transition surface (223) located between the bottom surface of the groove (224) and the arc bottom surface of the groove (222). The arc bottom surface of the groove (222) is connected to the bottom surface of the groove (224) and the chip receiving surface (225) through the third arc transition surface (223). The arc bottom surface of the groove (222) includes a descending part connected to the second rake face (221) and a rising part connected to the descending part. One side of the bottom surface of the groove (224) is connected to the rising part, and the other side of the bottom surface of the groove (224) is inclined in a direction away from the bottom surface. Or / and, the included angle of the tangents at the connection between the two sides of the arc bottom surface of the groove (222) and the second arc transition surface (250) is η, and the range of η is 50° to 70°. The included angle between the two chip receiving surfaces (225) is ε, and the range of ε is 30° to 45°.

8. A cutting tool, characterized in that: It includes a tool body and a cutting insert as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the cutting insert is mounted on the tool body.

Images