A part turning fixture with a ball head

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of clamping fixtures, and specifically discloses a turning fixture with a ball-shaped part, comprising a stepped base connected to a turning machine and a ball-shaped part, wherein a rectangular groove is vertically opened in the middle of the base, one side of the rectangular groove passes through the base, a pad is placed at the bottom of the rectangular groove, a positioning hole is vertically opened on the middle surface of the pad, and both sides of one end of the ball-shaped part are turned into planes, the bottom of the positioning pin is inserted into the positioning hole on the surface of the pad, the top of the positioning pin passes through the ball-shaped through hole and fixes the part, and a pressure block for pressing the ball-shaped part is fixed on the stepped surface of the base. The purpose of the present application is to solve the problem that the ball-shaped part is difficult to clamp during processing due to the spherical clamping end, and the processing accuracy of the part is relatively high, so the part cannot be clamped multiple times, which affects the accuracy of the part.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fixtures, and in particular to a part turning fixture with a ball head. Background Art

[0002] In the production of external pipe joints for aircraft engines, there are many ball-shaped parts. The blank of the part is a die casting. Before turning, the head of the part is in the shape of a ball head. A through hole is opened at one end of the ball head of the part. The neck is cylindrical and the tail is cylindrical with a diameter larger than the neck. The machined turning surface of the part is the tail end. The part structure is shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, since the clamping end of the part is in the shape of a ball head, it cannot be directly clamped by conventional three-jaw clamps, and the diameter of the ball head end of the part is 21mm. During processing, it is necessary to ensure that the distance from the small end of the cone to the center of the ball head is 26±0.2, and the center hole of the ball head must be used as the positioning reference plane. The overall volume of the part is relatively small, and it is troublesome to clamp the part, which brings great difficulties to processing. Secondly, since the part is relatively small as a whole, it cannot be clamped multiple times. Multiple clamping processing cannot guarantee the dimensional accuracy of the part. Therefore, it is necessary to design a new tooling fixture for this type of ball-shaped part. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a part turning fixture with a ball head, which solves the problem that the ball head-shaped parts are difficult to clamp during processing due to the spherical clamping end. The processing accuracy of the parts is relatively high, so the parts cannot be clamped multiple times, which affects the accuracy of the parts.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0005] A tooling fixture for turning parts with a ball head, comprising a stepped base connected to a machine tool for turning and a ball head part, a rectangular groove being vertically opened in the middle of the base, one side of the rectangular groove passing through the base, a pad being placed at the bottom of the rectangular groove, a positioning hole being vertically opened on the middle surface of the pad, both sides of one end of the ball head of the part being turned into planes, a positioning pin being placed on the pad, the bottom of the positioning pin being inserted into the positioning hole on the surface of the pad, the top of the positioning pin passing through the ball head-shaped through hole and fixing the part, a pressure block for pressing the ball head of the part being fixed on the stepped surface of the base.

[0006] The principles of this program are:

[0007] Insert the locating pin into the central inner hole of the ball-shaped part to position the part, use the limit pressure block to position the part angularly, use the pressure plate to press the ball-shaped end of the part, fix the part on the base, and then connect the base to the machine tool to realize turning processing of the part.

[0008] The beneficial effects of this program are:

[0009] 1. In this application, a locating pin is inserted through the central inner hole of the ball head. The locating pin is fixed to the pad and the pad is fixed to the base with bolts to achieve longitudinal positioning of the part. The part is then limited by a limit block to achieve angular positioning of the part's centerline. By increasing or decreasing the thickness of the pad and the height of the step in the middle of the locating pin, the center of the part is ensured to be coaxial with the center of the base (the lathe spindle), and the part is pressed tightly with a pressure plate.

[0010] 2. In the present application, a base connected to the turning machine is provided. After the part is tightened and fixed by the adjustment pad, positioning pin, limit block and pressure plate, it is clamped once, and the thread, conical surface and inner hole at the tail end of the part are processed at the same time to ensure that the conical surface runs out 0.05mm relative to the thread cylinder, thereby better ensuring the accuracy of the part.

[0011] Furthermore, the pressing block is "L-shaped", one end of the pressing block is connected to the step surface of the base by a bolt, and the other end of the pressing block extends into the rectangular groove and is pressed against the top of the part. Two bolts are placed on the pressing block, one of which passes through the pressing block and is threadedly connected to the base, for adjusting the degree of pressure between the pressing block and the top of the part; the other bolt is only connected to the pressing block bolt, and the bottom end of the bolt threadedly connected to the pressing block is in contact with the pressing block. Since one end of the pressing block extends into the rectangular groove, the pressing block will be in an inclined state when it is pressed, and the top surface of the pressing block can be kept horizontal by adjusting the bolt.

[0012] Furthermore, a first transverse through-slot is provided on one side of the rectangular groove passing through the base. The first through-slot is centered on the middle of the rectangular groove and is divided into left and right sides. Two clamping blocks for clamping the neck of the part are transversely connected by bolts at the left and right sides of the first through-slot of the base. The clamping block can slide transversely in the first through-slot so that the clamping block is stuck in the neck position of the part to further fix the part.

[0013] Furthermore, the clamping block is composed of a rectangular portion and a wedge-shaped portion. The wedge-shaped portion clamps the neck of the part and tilts toward the tail of the part. The inner side surface of the wedge-shaped portion is arc-shaped, and the inner side surface of the arc matches the arc surface of the spherical head of the part. The processed end of the part protrudes from the base. According to the diameter of the spherical head part of the part, the wedge-shaped portion is made to fit with the arc-shaped side surface of the spherical head, and the spherical head of the part is clamped as much as possible to achieve the fixation of spherical head parts of different specifications.

[0014] Furthermore, the rectangular portion of the clamping block is inserted into the first transverse through groove provided in the base, and a transverse sliding groove is provided on the surface of the rectangular portion. The bolts are inserted into the sliding groove and connected to the base. The clamping block can push the clamping block to slide in the first through groove according to the size of the part and the degree of clamping, and the clamping block is fixed together with the base using bolts.

[0015] Furthermore, the bottom, middle and top of the locating pin are all cylindrical. The locating pin is a standard part, and a matching locating pin can be selected according to the diameter of the ball head through hole.

[0016] Furthermore, the bottom of the base is flat, and the base is provided with a second longitudinal through groove on both sides of the clamping block, the second through groove is connected to the first through groove, and a rectangular limit block for clamping one side of the rectangular part of the clamping block is bolted inside the first through groove. The limit block can slide in the first through groove, and the two ends of the clamping block are tightened by the limit block that can slide along the second through groove to prevent the bolts fixing the clamping block from loosening, causing the clamping block to slide and affecting the clamping effect of the clamping block. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the unturned structure of the part of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation state of the positioning pin and parts of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a cushion block according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping block of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the cushion block of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the parts processing of the present invention.

[0025] The reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include:

[0026] Base 1, first through slot 1-1, part 2, tail 2-1, neck 2-2, head 2-3, clamping block 3, rectangular portion 3-2, wedge-shaped portion 3-3, sliding slot 3-1, limit block 4, second through slot 4-1, pressure block 5, cushion block 6, positioning hole 6-1, positioning pin 7. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

[0028] by Figure 1As a reference for describing the direction, four directions of "left", "right", "front" and "back" are established; with the vertical rectangular groove in the middle of the base 1 as the center, the limit blocks 4 are set on the left and right sides of the base 1, and the clamping block 3 is set on the front side of the base 1.

[0029] The embodiment is basically as shown in the attached Figure 1 As shown:

[0030] As attached Figure 1 As shown, the part 2 to be turned is divided into three parts, a spherical head 2-3, a cylindrical neck 2-2 and a tail 2-1 with a diameter slightly larger than the neck 2-2; the head 2-3 of the part 2 is spherical, and the upper and lower end surfaces of the head 2-3 are flattened. At the same time, a vertical through hole is opened in the center of the head 2-3, and the processed part of the part 2 is the tail 2-1.

[0031] When machining part 2, it needs to be fixed with base 1. Base 1 is in the shape of a step. A rectangular groove is vertically opened on the step surface of base 1. The side of the rectangular groove facing the front side of base 1 is in a through state. The back side of base 1 is clamped and connected to the machine tool by a three-jaw chuck. A pad 6 is installed at the bottom of the rectangular groove by bolts. Pad 6 has a clearance fit with the rectangular groove. Pad 6 can move in the rectangular groove and can adjust the length direction of the ball head of the part. The structure of pad 6 is shown in the attached figure. Figure 4 As shown, one side of the pad 6 is open, and a bolt passes through one end of the open end to connect with the base 1. The pad 6 and the base 1 can be firmly connected together by the bolt. The method of increasing or decreasing the thickness of the pad 6 ensures that the center of the cylindrical part is coaxial with the center of the base 1 (lathe spindle). Secondly, a positioning hole 6-1 is vertically opened on the plate surface of the pad 6.

[0032] The locating pin 7 is a replaceable part that can adapt to the head sizes of different parts 2. When it comes to parts 2 with heads 2-3 of different diameters, the corresponding locating pin 7 can be replaced at any time according to the different diameters of the through holes opened in the heads 2-3 of the parts 2, so that different ball-shaped parts 2 can also be clamped and fixed using a clamp.

[0033] A positioning pin 7 is placed in the positioning hole 6-1 of the cushion block 6. The positioning pin 7 is cylindrical. The upper and lower diameters of the positioning pin 7 are smaller than the diameter of the middle part. The lower part of the positioning pin 7 is inserted into the positioning hole 6-1 of the cushion block 6. At this time, the through hole opened in the head 2-3 of the part 2 is passed through the upper part of the positioning pin 7. The middle part of the positioning pin 7 is used to support the part 2. The installation diagram of the positioning pin 7 and the part 2 is shown in the attached figure. Figure 3 As shown, the positioning pin 7 can prevent the part 2 from being displaced during processing.

[0034] The "L-shaped" pressure block 5 is installed on the step surface of the base 1 by bolts. The longer side of the pressure block 5 fits the step surface, and the shorter side of the pressure block 5 extends into the rectangular groove. The shorter side of the pressure block 5 is tightly attached to the head 2-3 of the part 2. Then the pressure block 5 is pressed against the head 2-3 of the part 2 by bolts, and the tail 2-1 of the part 2 directly extends out of the front side of the base 1. Secondly, two bolts are used to connect the long side of the pressure block 5, one of which passes through the pressure block 5 and is threadedly connected to the base 1, which is used to adjust the tightness of the pressure block 5 and the top of the part; the other bolt is only bolted to the pressure block 5, and the bottom end of the bolt threadedly connected to the pressure block 5 contacts. Since one end of the pressure block 5 extends into the rectangular groove, the pressure block 5 will tilt toward one end of the part when it is tightened, which is more likely to cause damage to the bolt threadedly connected to the connecting base 1. At this time, the top surface of the pressure block 5 can be kept horizontal by adjusting the bolt connected to the pressure block 5.

[0035] A first transverse through slot 1-1 is provided in the middle of the front side of the base 1. The first through slots 1-1 are distributed on the left and right sides of the rectangular slot. Slidable clamping blocks 3 are respectively installed in the first through slots 1-1. The clamping blocks 3 are divided into left and right blocks along the center of the rectangular slot. The structure of the clamping blocks 3 is shown in the attached figure. Figure 5 As shown, the clamping block 3 is divided into a rectangular portion 3-2 and a wedge-shaped portion 3-3. The rectangular portion 3-2 is slidably connected to the first through-slot 1-1. The wedge-shaped portion 3-3 is located on the side of the rectangular portion 3-2 facing the part 2. The inner surface of the wedge-shaped portion 3-3 is arc-shaped, and the arc-shaped inner surface cooperates with the head 2-3 of the part 2. Secondly, one end of the wedge-shaped portion 3-3 is inserted into the neck 2-2 of the part 2 to fix the part 2. A rectangular sliding groove 3-1 is formed transversely on the surface of the rectangular portion 3-2 of the clamping block 3. Bolts for tightening the clamping block 3 are inserted into the rectangular groove. The provision of the sliding groove 3-1 allows the two clamping blocks 3 to be moved, and the position of the clamping block 3 can be adjusted according to the different diameters of the head 2-3 of the part 2.

[0036] A second through slot 4-1 is longitudinally defined on the left and right sides of the base 1. The second through slot 4-1 is connected to the first through slot 1-1. A slidable stopper 4 is positioned within the second through slot 4-1. Two bolts are connected to the sides of the stopper 4. One bolt passes transversely through the stopper 4 and is threadedly connected to the base 1, securing the stopper 4. The other bolt threads transversely through the stopper 4 and is not connected to the base 1. The two bolts function in the same manner as the two bolts connecting the pressure block 5. The side of the stopper 4 near the clamping block 3 passes over the rectangular portion 3-2 of the clamping block 3 and abuts against it. The stoppers 4 on the left and right sides secure the clamping block 3, preventing it from loosening due to damage to the tightening bolts.

[0037] The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0038] When a turning machine is required to turn part 2, the part 2 to be turned is placed on the base 1 connected to the machine tool. At this time, the through hole 2-3 of the head 2-3 of the part 2 passes through the upper part of the positioning pin 7, and the initial positioning of the part 2 is achieved. Then, according to the size of the head 2-3 of the part 2, the clamping block 3 is pushed to move in the first through groove 1-1 until the clamping block 3 is stuck in the neck 2-2 of the part 2 and the part 2 is fixed. After the clamping block 3 clamps the part 2, the limit block 4 is used to fix the two ends of the clamping block 3. Then, the pressing block 5 is installed on the step surface of the base 1, and one end of the pressing block 5 is pressed against the head 2-3 of the part 2 to complete the clamping and fixation of the part 2. At this time, start the machine tool, and the drill bit will turn the tail 2-1 of the part 2. During turning, the machine tool will also drive the base 1 to slowly adjust the corresponding angle to cooperate with the drill bit to realize the turning of the tail 2-1 of the part 2; when disassembling the part, loosen the limit block 4 on the left or right, and remove the pressure block 5, and the part 2 that has been turned can be removed.

[0039] The above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and the common knowledge such as the specific structure and characteristics of the scheme is not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several variations and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A turning fixture with a ball-shaped part, comprising a stepped base connected to a turning machine and a ball-shaped part, characterized in that: A rectangular groove is vertically opened in the middle of the base, one side of the rectangular groove passes through the base, and a pad is placed at the bottom of the rectangular groove. A positioning hole is vertically opened on the middle surface of the pad, and both sides of the ball-shaped end of the part are turned into planes, and a positioning pin is placed on the pad, and the bottom of the positioning pin is inserted into the positioning hole on the surface of the pad, and the top of the positioning pin passes through the ball-shaped through hole and fixes the part. A pressure block for pressing the ball-shaped part is fixed on the step surface of the base, and a first horizontal through groove is provided on one side of the rectangular groove passing through the base. The first through groove is centered on the middle of the rectangular groove and is divided into left and right sides. Two clamping blocks for clamping the neck of the part are horizontally connected by bolts at the left and right sides of the first through groove of the base, and the clamping block can slide horizontally in the first through groove.

2. A part turning fixture with a ball head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressing block is "L-shaped", one end of the pressing block is connected to the step surface of the base by a bolt, and the other end of the pressing block extends into the rectangular groove and is pressed against the top of the part.

3. The part turning fixture with a ball head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping block consists of a rectangular part and a wedge-shaped part. The wedge-shaped part clamps the neck of the part and tilts toward the tail of the part. The inner side surface of the wedge-shaped part is arc-shaped, which matches the arc surface of the ball head of the part. The processed end of the part protrudes from the base.

4. The part turning fixture with a ball head according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rectangular portion of the clamping block is inserted into a first transverse through groove provided on the base, a transverse sliding groove is provided on the surface of the rectangular portion, and a bolt is inserted into the sliding groove and connected to the base.

5. The part turning fixture with a ball head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom, middle and top of the positioning pin are all cylindrical, and the positioning pin is a standard part.

6. The part turning fixture with a ball head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the base is flat, and the base is provided with a clamping block with two longitudinal second through grooves on both sides. The second through groove is connected to the first through groove. A rectangular limit block for clamping one side of the rectangular part of the clamping block is bolted inside the first through groove, and the limit block can slide in the first through groove.

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