A traction type shrub stubble harvester

Abstract

The invention discloses a traction type shrub stubble harvester; a first strip-shaped feeding frame and a second strip-shaped feeding frame are installed below the main frame, and the length directions of the first strip-shaped feeding frame and the second strip-shaped feeding frame are arranged in a "V" shape with the large ends facing forward; a feeding mechanism is installed outside the openings at the rear of the small ends of the first strip-shaped feeding frame and the second strip-shaped feeding frame, and the feeding mechanism is fixed to the main frame; along the length direction of the first strip-shaped feeding frame, tower-shaped feeding and dialing devices, a crushing mechanism and tower-shaped feeding and dialing devices are sequentially arranged at equal intervals; along the length direction of the second strip-shaped feeding frame, tower-shaped feeding and dialing devices, a crushing mechanism and tower-shaped feeding and dialing devices are sequentially arranged at equal intervals; a power input device is installed on the main frame. When the saw disks in the inverted "V" layout of the invention perform cutting, feeding can be carried out in layers and in sequence, reducing the cutting and feeding resistance of the whole machine, so as to achieve the harvesting effect and efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of devices for crushing or grinding harvested crops, and particularly relates to a traction type shrub stubble harvester. Background Art

[0002] Caragana korshinskii, Calligonum mongolicum, Hedysarum scoparium, etc. are shrubs for sand fixation and wind prevention, including wild ones and those artificially planted with government support, and are planted and distributed in many places in China. The planting area of such shrubs is large and widely distributed, and the planting plots are mostly deserts, wastelands, hills, gobi beaches and other geological features with uneven terrain and complex topography. With the increase of forest age and planting years, the early planted shrub forests begin to show varying degrees of aging, and the shrub forests need to be nursed and renewed, which requires regular stubble cutting and harvesting of such shrubs for their normal growth and maintenance of their ecological functions. Due to the characteristics of the shrubs themselves, such as hard texture, sufficient toughness and large crown range, and the complex planting terrain, shrub harvesting has become a problem because it places particularly high requirements on shrub harvesters, and general conventional harvesters cannot complete the operation in complex terrains. At present, the harvesters used for harvesting such shrubs in China are mainly imported machines, and there is no domestically independently developed shrub harvester yet. Our R & D team combined with the rich Caragana resources in the region and independently developed a traction type shrub stubble harvester to solve the many problems in implementing stubble rejuvenation, which is suitable for operating in various high-difficulty complex terrains.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a traction type shrub stubble harvester, which is mainly used for harvesting shrub plants on flat ground and various high-difficulty complex terrain conditions, and can also be used for harvesting and felling shrub-like vegetation. The harvester has the advantages of flexibility, sharpness and high efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the problems in the background art, the invention provides a traction type shrub stubble harvester, which is characterized by comprising: a main frame, a feeding mechanism, a crushing mechanism, a tower-shaped feeding and dialing device, a hydraulic pump, a rear wheel frame, rear wheels, a first strip-shaped feeding frame, a second strip-shaped feeding frame and a power input device; wherein the front of the main frame is connected to a traction mechanism, two rear wheel frames are installed on the main frame through hinges, the rear wheel frame and the rear column of the main frame are connected through a hydraulic pump, and rear wheels are installed on the rear wheel frame; a first strip-shaped feeding frame and a second strip-shaped feeding frame are installed below the main frame, and the length directions of the first strip-shaped feeding frame and the second strip-shaped feeding frame are arranged in a "V" shape with the large ends facing forward; a feeding mechanism is installed outside the openings at the rear of the small ends of the first strip-shaped feeding frame and the second strip-shaped feeding frame, and the feeding mechanism is fixed to the main frame;

[0005] Along the length direction of the first strip-shaped feeding frame, tower-type feeding and dialing devices, crushing mechanisms and tower-type feeding and dialing devices are successively arranged at equal intervals; along the length direction of the second strip-shaped feeding frame, tower-type feeding and dialing devices, crushing mechanisms and tower-type feeding and dialing devices are successively arranged at equal intervals;

[0006] The power input device is installed on the main frame. Both two crushing mechanisms and the feeding mechanism are connected to the power input device, and the tower-type feeding and dialing device is connected to the crushing mechanism through a chain;

[0007] The tower-type feeding and dialing device includes: a dialing spindle, a small saw table, a small saw disc, a medium saw table, a medium saw disc, a large saw table, a large saw disc and a cutting disc. Among them, the small saw table, the small saw disc, the medium saw table, the medium saw disc, the large saw table, the large saw disc and the cutting disc are successively and fixedly connected to the outside of the dialing spindle from top to bottom;

[0008] There are overlapping parts at the edges between the two cutting discs between the two tower-type feeding and dialing devices on the first strip-shaped feeding frame, between the two cutting discs between the two tower-type feeding and dialing devices on the second strip-shaped feeding frame, and between the two cutting discs between the tower-type feeding and dialing devices behind the first strip-shaped feeding frame and the second strip-shaped feeding frame. There is a spacing between the two front cutting discs.

[0009] The overlapping part is not less than 20 mm.

[0010] The spacing between the two front cutting discs is not less than the diameter of the cutting disc.

[0011] The diameter of the cutting disc is 800 mm.

[0012] In each tower-type feeding and dialing device, the diameter of the small saw disc < the diameter of the medium saw disc < the diameter of the large saw disc.

[0013] The height of the tower-type feeding and dialing device is 500 mm, and the diameter of the large saw disc is 480 mm.

[0014] The outer diameter of the small saw table < the outer diameter of the medium saw table < the outer diameter of the large saw table, and each saw table does not block the adjacent saw disc.

[0015] The crushing mechanism includes: a columnar crushing table, a crushing mechanism saw disc and a crushing mechanism spindle. Among them, three groups of columnar crushing tables and crushing mechanism saw discs are successively and fixedly connected to the outside of the dialing spindle from top to bottom in a staggered order, and the outer diameters of the three crushing mechanism saw discs are equal.

[0016] The power input device includes: an input shaft, a belt drive group, a central universal joint, a central T-type reducer, a first gearbox, a second gearbox, a first universal joint, and a second universal joint. The input shaft is connected to the first gearbox and the second gearbox arranged on both sides above the main frame through the belt drive group and the central universal joint. The first gearbox and the second gearbox are respectively connected to the main shafts of the crushing mechanisms below the same side through the first universal joint and the second universal joint and drive them to rotate. The power output shaft of the central T-type reducer drives the output roller of the feeding mechanism to rotate through chain drive.

[0017] The feeding mechanism includes: a feeding mechanism housing, an output roller, and four output roller tooth plates. The four vertically arranged output roller tooth plates are fixed on the same output roller, and the front parts of the output roller tooth plates are located above the cutting disc.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] 1. It has a simple structure, good stability, and strong impact resistance. It can operate in different terrains. The overall model of the working part is in an inverted V shape, with a wide cutting width. When the saw discs in the inverted V layout cut, they can cut and feed layer by layer and in sequence, reducing the cutting and feeding resistance of the whole machine, so as to achieve the harvesting effect and efficiency.

[0020] 2. The cutting table adopts a multi-saw disc and small-saw disc device, with good stability and low failure rate. It does not block materials, reduces the resistance of materials passing through, and increases the working efficiency. The power supporting this machine is small, and any tractor with a power of more than 60 kW and a rear power output can be used. It has low energy consumption, high efficiency, simple operation, and long service life.

[0021] 3. A traction type shrub stubble cutter has a hydraulic limit device (hydraulic pump), which can ensure the lowest cutting stubble on any complex terrain. This equipment is a traction type harvester, with a small volume, light weight, low damage rate to vegetation, and more flexible walking. During the raw material harvesting process, it adopts the method of cutting down and drying first and then picking up and packing, reducing the transportation cost. The raw materials do not need to be dried again, reducing the equipment investment and energy consumption cost during the raw material processing and production process. This machine can be widely promoted and applied to the areas where shrubs need to be stubbled and rejuvenated across the country. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a traction type shrub stubble cutter of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a side view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a top view of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Among them,

[0026] 1 - Main frame, 2 - Feeding mechanism, 4 - Tower-type feeding and dialing device, 5 - Hydraulic pump, 6 - Rear wheel frame, 7 - Rear wheel, 9 - Power input device, 81 - First strip-shaped feeding frame, 82 - Second strip-shaped feeding frame, 201 - Output roller, 202 - Output roller tooth plate, 301 - Column-type crushing table, 302 - Saw disc, 303 - Main shaft of crushing mechanism, 401 - Main shaft of dialing device, 411 - Small saw table, 412 - Small saw disc, 421 - Medium saw table, 422 - Medium saw disc, 431 - Large saw table, 432 - Large saw disc, 440 - Cutting disc, 901 - Input shaft, 902 - Belt drive group, 903 - Central universal joint, 904 - First universal joint, 905 - Second universal joint, 911 - Central T-type reducer, 912 - First gearbox, 913 - Second gearbox. Detailed implementation mode

[0027] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] As Figures 1 to 3 shown in the embodiment of the present invention, it includes: main frame 1, feeding mechanism 2, crushing mechanism 3, tower-type feeding and dialing device 4, hydraulic pump 5, rear wheel frame 6, rear wheel 7, first strip-shaped feeding frame 81, second strip-shaped feeding frame 82 and power input device 9; wherein, the front of the main frame 1 is connected to the traction mechanism, and two rear wheel frames 6 are installed on the main frame 1 by hinge, and the rear wheel frame 6 and the rear column of the main frame 1 are connected by a hydraulic pump 5, and a rear wheel 7 is installed on the rear wheel frame 6; the first strip-shaped feeding frame 81 and the second strip-shaped feeding frame 82 are installed below the main frame 1, and the length directions of the first strip-shaped feeding frame 81 and the second strip-shaped feeding frame 82 are arranged in an "eight" shape, and the large end (opening direction) faces forward; a feeding mechanism 2 is installed outside the openings at the rear of the small ends of the first strip-shaped feeding frame 81 and the second strip-shaped feeding frame 82, and the feeding mechanism 2 is fixed to the main frame 1;

[0029] Along the length direction of the first strip-shaped feeding frame 81, tower-type feeding and dialing devices 4, crushing mechanisms 3 and tower-type feeding and dialing devices 4 are arranged at equal intervals in sequence; along the length direction of the second strip-shaped feeding frame 82, tower-type feeding and dialing devices 4, crushing mechanisms 3 and tower-type feeding and dialing devices 4 are also arranged at equal intervals in sequence;

[0030] The power input device 9 is installed on the main frame 1, and the two crushing mechanisms 3 are connected to the power input device 9 through universal joints; the tower-type feeding and dialing device 4 is connected to the crushing mechanism 3 through a chain, and the feeding mechanism 2 is connected to the power input device 9 through a chain drive group; the power input device 9 transports power from the front traction mechanism (such as a tractor) to each crushing mechanism 3, tower-type feeding and dialing device 4 and feeding mechanism 2;

[0031] The maximum outer dimensions (including the rear wheels, the central T-type speed reducer, and the main frame) of this embodiment are length * width * height: 3500mm * 2200mm * 1300mm, and the maximum working cutting width is: 1800mm;

[0032] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, the tower-type feeding and material distributing device 4 includes: a material distributing spindle 401, a material distributing sprocket (not labeled in the figure), a small saw table 411, a small saw disc 412, a medium saw table 421, a medium saw disc 422, a large saw table 431, a large saw disc 432, and a cutting disc 440. Among them, the material distributing sprocket, the small saw table 411, the small saw disc 412, the medium saw table 421, the medium saw disc 422, the large saw table 431, the large saw disc 432, and the cutting disc 440 are fixedly connected to the outside of the material distributing spindle 401 in sequence from top to bottom, and the diameter of the small saw disc 412 < the diameter of the medium saw disc 422 < the diameter of the large saw disc 432;

[0033] In this embodiment, a total of 4 groups of tower-type feeding and material distributing devices 4 are provided. Among the four cutting discs 440 below, overlapping parts are provided on the edges of each adjacent pair of cutting discs 440 (including three groups: between the two tower-type feeding and material distributing devices 4 on the first strip-shaped feeding frame 81, between the two tower-type feeding and material distributing devices 4 on the second strip-shaped feeding frame 82, and between the tower-type feeding and material distributing devices 4 behind the first strip-shaped feeding frame 81 and the second strip-shaped feeding frame 82), so they are staggered in height; the diameter of the cutting disc 440 is 800mm, and the overlapping part is not less than 20mm. At the same time, there is a certain distance between the cutting discs 440 of the tower-type feeding and material distributing devices 4 in front on the first strip-shaped feeding frame 81 and the tower-type feeding and material distributing devices 4 in front on the second strip-shaped feeding frame 82 without overlapping parts, so that they can repeatedly collide in the space surrounded by the four cutting discs 440 to ensure that the shrub branches are cut down;

[0034] In this embodiment, the height of the tower-type feeding and material distributing device is 500mm, and the diameter of the large saw disc 432 is 480mm; multi-layer saw discs are used in both the crushing mechanism 3 and the tower-type feeding and material distributing device 4, and the saw discs are small, have strong stability, high rotational speed, and high efficiency;

[0035] In this embodiment, the outer diameter of the small saw table 411 < the outer diameter of the medium saw table 421 < the outer diameter of the large saw table 431, and each saw table does not block the crushing mechanism saw disc 302 of the adjacent crushing mechanism 3, ensuring the effective operation of the crushing mechanism 3 and the tower-type feeding and material distributing device 4.

[0036] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, the crushing mechanism 3 includes: a columnar crushing table 301, a crushing mechanism saw disc 302, a crushing mechanism spindle 303, and a crushing mechanism sprocket (not labeled in the figure); among them, three groups of columnar crushing tables 301 and crushing mechanism saw discs 302 are fixedly connected to the outside of the material distributing spindle 401 in an alternating order from top to bottom, and the outer diameters of the three crushing mechanism saw discs 302 are equal.

[0037] During operation, the two cutting discs 440 at the front (large end) cut off (chop down) the outer shrub branches and enter between the crushing mechanism 3 and the tower feeder 4 for crushing and discharging a part; the remaining shrub branches that cannot be cut off (including two situations: difficult to cut off and passing through the two cutting discs 440 at the front) enter the space surrounded by the four cutting discs 440, and the overlapping parts between the adjacent cutting discs 440 in the four cutting discs 440 will effectively cut off the remaining branches and enter between the crushing mechanism 3 and the tower feeder 4 for crushing, which further solves the problem of machine blockage caused by too dense branches and avoids the situation where it takes 2 or 3 hours to manually clear the branches blocked between the saw discs after the machine is blocked.

[0038] At the same time, because the sizes of the saw table and the saw disk in the tower feeder 4 gradually increase from top to bottom, and the outer diameters of the saw disks of the crushing mechanism 3 are equal, a variety of fulcrums are formed between the feeder 4 and the saw disks of different layers of the crushing mechanism 3; on the basis of effectively separating various branches, the resistance to material passing through is effectively reduced, and the problem of easy jamming when feeding at the saw table 301 due to aging of shrub branches such as cotton strips due to the branches becoming soft or too thick or too hard is solved.

[0039] like Figures 1 to 3 The power input device 9 shown includes: an input shaft 901, a belt drive group 902, a central universal joint 903, a central T-type reducer 911, a first gearbox 912, a second gearbox 913, a first universal joint 904 and a second universal joint 905, wherein the input shaft 901 is connected to the first gearbox 912 and the second gearbox 913 arranged on both sides above the main frame 1 through the belt drive group 902, the belt drive group 902 and the central universal joint 903; the first gearbox 912 and the second gearbox 913 are respectively connected to the crushing mechanism main shaft 303 at the same side and below through the first universal joint 904 and the second universal joint 905 and drive it to rotate; the power output shaft of the central T-type reducer 911 drives the output roller of the feeding mechanism 2 to rotate through chain transmission.

[0040] In this embodiment, the central T-type reducer 911 used is: T8-1-LR-O type one-input and two-output reducer; the output speed of the first gearbox and the second gearbox is: 540min~1000min.

[0041] like Figures 1 to 3The feeding mechanism 2 shown includes: a feeding mechanism sprocket (not marked in the figure), a feeding mechanism housing (not marked in the figure), an output roller 201 and four output roller tooth plates 202, wherein the four vertically arranged output roller tooth plates and the feeding mechanism sprocket are all fixed on the output roller 201, the output roller is rotatably connected to the feeding mechanism housing, the feeding mechanism housing is fixed to the main frame 1, and the output roller tooth plates are all located on the inner side of the feeding mechanism housing; the feeding mechanism sprocket is decelerated by the sprocket group and connected to one of the outputs of the central T-type reducer 911 The shafts are connected to transmit power and rotate the output roller tooth plate 302. The front part of the output roller tooth plate 302 is located above the cutting disc 440. The feeding mechanism shell with upper and lower openings formed by the whole plate cooperates with the raised shifting teeth (not marked in the figure) on the output roller tooth plate to clean the output roller tooth plate and prevent the crushed material from moving in the opposite direction. The feeding mechanism 2 clears the shrub branches behind the small ends of the first strip feeding frame 81 and the second strip feeding frame 82 to the rear of the entire harvester to prevent the tower feeding dial 4 from being blocked.

[0042] When the present embodiment is working, the position and angle of the main frame 1 are first adjusted by the hydraulic pump 5;

[0043] Then, the embodiment is driven by the front traction mechanism to move forward, and the working walking speed is 6 km / h; the shrubs are cut down and crushed by the tower feeder 4, the crushing mechanism 3 and the tower feeder 4 arranged in pairs on the first strip feeding frame 81 and the second strip feeding frame 82, and then discharged by the rear feeding mechanism 2;

[0044] During the process of moving, the hydraulic pump 5 can also be adjusted to better fit the complex terrain; the minimum cutting distance is: 100mm, and the lifting stroke behind the cutting table is: 0-550mm; the tower feeder 4 located in the front and rear eats materials in layers, does not block materials, and runs smoothly.

Claims

1. A traction type shrub stubble cutter, characterized in that, Including: Main frame (1), feeding mechanism (2), crushing mechanism (3), tower-type feeding and dialing device (4), hydraulic pump (5), rear wheel frame (6), rear wheels (7), first strip-shaped feeding frame (81), second strip-shaped feeding frame (82) and power input device (9); among them, the front of the main frame (1) is connected to the traction mechanism, two rear wheel frames (6) are hinged to the main frame (1), the rear wheel frame (6) and the rear column of the main frame (1) are connected by a hydraulic pump (5), and rear wheels (7) are installed on the rear wheel frame (6); below the main frame (1), the first strip-shaped feeding frame (81) and the second strip-shaped feeding frame (82) are installed, and the lengths of the first strip-shaped feeding frame (81) and the second strip-shaped feeding frame (82) are arranged in an "eight" shape layout, with the large end facing forward; outside the openings at the rear of the small ends of the first strip-shaped feeding frame (81) and the second strip-shaped feeding frame (82), a feeding mechanism (2) is installed, and the feeding mechanism (2) is fixed to the main frame (1); Along the length direction of the first strip-shaped feeding frame (81), tower-type feeding and dialing devices (4), crushing mechanisms (3) and tower-type feeding and dialing devices (4) are arranged at equal intervals in sequence; along the length direction of the second strip-shaped feeding frame (82), tower-type feeding and dialing devices (4), crushing mechanisms (3) and tower-type feeding and dialing devices (4) are arranged at equal intervals in sequence; The power input device (9) is installed on the main frame (1), two crushing mechanisms (3) and the feeding mechanism (2) are both connected to the power input device (9), and the tower-type feeding and dialing device (4) is connected to the crushing mechanism (3) by a chain; The tower-type feeding and dialing device (4) includes: a dialing spindle (401), a small saw table (411), a small saw disc (412), a medium saw table (421), a medium saw disc (422), a large saw table (431), a large saw disc (432) and a cutting disc (440), among which the small saw table (411), the small saw disc (412), the medium saw table (421), the medium saw disc (422), the large saw table (431), the large saw disc (432) and the cutting disc (440) are fixedly connected to the outside of the dialing spindle (401) in sequence from top to bottom; Between the two cutting discs between the two tower-type feeding and dialing devices (4) on the first strip-shaped feeding frame (81), between the two cutting discs between the two tower-type feeding and dialing devices (4) on the second strip-shaped feeding frame (82), and between the two cutting discs between the tower-type feeding and dialing devices (4) behind the first strip-shaped feeding frame (81) and the second strip-shaped feeding frame (82), overlapping parts are provided at the edges between the three groups of the two cutting discs; there is a spacing between the two cutting discs (440) in the front.

2. The traction type shrub stubble harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The overlapping part is not less than 20 mm.

3. A traction type shrub stubble harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spacing provided between the two cutting discs (440) in the front is not less than the diameter of the cutting disc (440).

4. A traction type shrub stubble harvester according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The diameter of the cutting disc (440) is 800 mm.

5. A traction type shrub stubble harvester according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, In each tower-type feeding and dialing device (4), the diameter of the small saw disc (412) < the diameter of the medium saw disc (422) < the diameter of the large saw disc (432).

6. The traction type shrub stubble harvester according to claim 5, wherein, The height of the tower-type feeding and dialing device is 500 mm, and the diameter of the large saw disc (432) is 480 mm.

7. A traction type shrub stubble harvester according to claim 5, characterized in that, The outer diameter of the small saw table (411) < the outer diameter of the medium saw table (421) < the outer diameter of the large saw table (431), and each saw table does not block the adjacent saw disks.

8. The traction type shrub stubble cutter according to claim 1, wherein, The crushing mechanism (3) includes: a columnar crushing table (301), a crushing mechanism saw disk (302), and a crushing mechanism main shaft (303). Among them, three groups of columnar crushing tables (301) and crushing mechanism saw disks (302) are fixedly connected to the outside of the stock pusher main shaft (401) in a staggered order from top to bottom, and the outer diameters of the three crushing mechanism saw disks (302) are equal.

9. The traction type shrub stubble harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power input device (9) includes: an input shaft (901), a belt drive group (902), a central universal joint (903), a central T-type reducer (911), a first gearbox (912), a second gearbox (913), a first universal joint (904), and a second universal joint (905). Among them, the input shaft (901) is connected to the first gearbox (912) and the second gearbox (913) arranged on both sides above the main frame (1) through the belt drive group (902), the belt drive group (902), and the central universal joint (903); the first gearbox (912) and the second gearbox (913) are respectively connected to the crushing mechanism main shaft (303) of the crushing mechanism (3) below the same side through the first universal joint (904) and the second universal joint (905) and drive them to rotate; the power output shaft of the central T-type reducer (911) drives the output roller of the feeding mechanism (2) to rotate through chain drive.

10. The traction type shrub stubble harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding mechanism (2) includes: a feeding mechanism housing, an output roller (201), and four output roller tooth plates (202). The four vertically arranged output roller tooth plates are fixed on the output roller (201), and the front part of the output roller tooth plate (202) is located above the cutting disk (440).

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