Cold shearing machine

Abstract

The present invention discloses a cold shearing machine for eccentricity, comprising a cold shearing machine casing, a main transmission crankshaft, a connecting rod, and an upper knife seat crankshaft with the same eccentricity as the main transmission crankshaft, the main transmission crankshaft and the upper knife seat crankshaft being connected by a connecting rod, when waiting for shearing, the center line position of the upper knife seat crankshaft is fixed, and the eccentricity of the main transmission crankshaft and the upper knife seat crankshaft rotates synchronously; when shearing, the eccentricity of the upper knife seat crankshaft is vertically upward and fixed relative to the upper knife seat, the center line of the upper knife seat crankshaft moves in the vertical direction, the main transmission crankshaft drives the upper knife seat and the upper knife seat crankshaft to move up and down twice the eccentric distance to complete the shearing, and the cold shearing machine adopts a double crankshaft transmission structure, so that the cold shearing machine is changed from a high-frequency start-stop type to a continuous operation type, so as to reduce the impact caused by frequent start-stop and make the machine run more smoothly, and at the same time the selected motor can reduce power and save energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cold shear transmission, in particular to a skew cold shear. Background Art

[0002] Cold shear is a kind of equipment for shearing wire rod steel in the production of metallurgical industry. It is used for cutting wire rod steel on continuous production line. The operation of cold shear equipment includes two states: waiting for shearing and shearing process. The existing cold shear mainly consists of two parts: power transmission mechanism and shearing mechanism. The gear transmission box is start-stop type. The shearing mechanism adopts the principle of crank connecting rod mechanism. Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the main drive crankshaft completes one shearing process when it rotates one circle. Figure 8 As shown, in a conventional cold shear, motor power is transmitted to the upper blade holder via a belt, gear transmission box, and crank-connecting rod mechanism. The high-speed gear shaft of the gear transmission box is equipped with a flywheel, clutch, and brake. The brake is normally closed, and the upper blade holder is in the high position, ready for shearing. The low-speed shaft of the gear transmission box also serves as the main drive crankshaft of the shearing mechanism. The upper blade holder is secured to the connecting rod by a pin. When shearing begins, the brake on the high-speed gear shaft is released, the clutch connects the flywheel and the high-speed gear shaft, and the gear transmission box starts, transmitting power to the main drive crankshaft. The main drive crankshaft rotates 180 degrees, completing the downward shearing action of the upper blade holder. The main drive crankshaft rotates another 180 degrees, raising the upper blade holder and returning it to its original position, completing the shearing process. The clutch disconnects the flywheel and the high-speed gear shaft, and the brake is applied, stopping the gear transmission box and the main drive crankshaft. At this point, the upper blade holder is in the high position, ready for shearing. Each rotation of the main drive crankshaft completes a shearing operation and resets. During this process, the upper blade holder moves up and down once, while the lower blade holder remains stationary, completing a shearing operation.

[0003] However, the existing cold shearing machine takes about 2 seconds to complete each shearing, and the gear transmission box and shearing mechanism need to be started and stopped once. This high-frequency start-stop process places extremely high demands on the clutch and brake. First, the action time is short, and second, the torque transmitted is large, which consumes a lot of energy. Frequent start-stopping has a great impact on the gear transmission box, reducing the service life of the equipment. At the same time, the friction plate generates a lot of heat and needs to be equipped with a special fan for cooling, which increases energy consumption. Taking a 1,300-ton cold shearing machine as an example, the clutch and brake usually need to be imported or domestically replaced, and the cost of use and maintenance will be very high. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a cold shearing machine for eccentricity, which can solve the problems of the existing cold shearing machine requiring high frequency start and stop, large mechanical impact and high energy consumption, thereby overcoming the shortcomings of the existing technology.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention discloses a cold shearing machine, which includes a cold shearing machine housing, a main transmission crankshaft, a connecting rod, and an upper tool holder crankshaft with the same eccentricity as the main transmission crankshaft. The main transmission crankshaft and the upper tool holder crankshaft are connected by a connecting rod. When waiting for shearing, the center line position of the upper tool holder crankshaft is fixed, and the eccentricity of the main transmission crankshaft and the upper tool holder crankshaft rotates synchronously; when shearing, the eccentricity of the upper tool holder crankshaft is vertically upward and stationary relative to the upper tool holder, and the center line of the upper tool holder crankshaft moves in the vertical direction. The main transmission crankshaft drives the upper tool holder and the upper tool holder crankshaft to move up and down twice the eccentric distance to complete the shearing.

[0006] As a further improvement of the present invention, a first extending shaft is provided at one end of the main transmission crankshaft, and a second extending shaft is provided at the end of the upper tool seat crankshaft. One end of the second extending shaft is connected to the upper tool seat crankshaft through a cross slider, and the other end extends out of the outside of the cold shear machine case; a transmission mechanism is provided between the first extending shaft and the second extending shaft, and the upper tool seat crankshaft is caused to rotate synchronously with the main transmission crankshaft through the transmission mechanism.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, the transmission mechanism adopts a gear transmission structure, the first extended shaft is provided with a first gear, the end of the second extended shaft is provided with a second gear with incomplete teeth and a string gear with complete teeth, an intermediate gear shaft is provided between the first extended shaft and the second extended shaft, the intermediate gear shaft includes an inner gear with complete teeth and an outer gear with incomplete teeth, the inner gear and the outer gear are an integrated structure, the inner gear of the intermediate gear shaft is always engaged with the first gear, the string gear and the second extended shaft are splined, and the string gear maintains axial free displacement; when shearing, the second gear and the inner gear are in a disengaged state, when the cold shear machine completes shearing, the string gear moves axially, and the outer gear and the string gear begin to engage.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, it also includes a controllable automatic locking mechanism. When the shearing cycle of the cold shear machine starts, the automatic locking mechanism will limit the rotation of the upper tool holder crankshaft and make the eccentricity of the upper tool holder crankshaft in a high position. The locking block is always working during the shearing process.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, it also includes a locking device for locking the locking block to balance the shear friction force on the upper knife seat, which completes the locking at about the first 90 degrees at the beginning of the 360-degree shear cycle and opens at the last 90 degrees of the return.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, it includes a balancing mechanism, which is controlled by a hydraulic cylinder with a displacement sensor. The hydraulic cylinder is used to balance the downward force acting on the upper tool holder, the upper tool holder crankshaft and the connecting rod. When waiting for shearing, the hydraulic cylinder will make the upper tool holder close to the upper stop position; when shearing, the hydraulic cylinder is in a released state.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, a displacement detection mechanism is included, wherein the displacement detection mechanism is used to detect the displacement of the upper tool holder crankshaft under the action of shear friction force.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the pair of partial cold shears include a motor and a gear transmission box, wherein the gear transmission box includes a gear box high-speed shaft and a gear box low-speed shaft, a flywheel is provided on the gear box high-speed shaft, the flywheel is connected to the motor by a belt drive, a clutch is provided on the flywheel, the clutch is used to engage or disconnect the power transmission between the flywheel and the gear box high-speed shaft, the clutch is used to disconnect under shear force overload and abnormal conditions, and the gear box low-speed shaft is an integrated structure with the main drive crankshaft.

[0013] After adopting such a design, the present invention has at least the following advantages:

[0014] The present invention improves the transmission structure of the traditional cold shear machine, and the pin shaft used for connecting the upper knife seat in the cold shear machine is improved and replaced with an upper knife seat crankshaft with the same eccentricity as the transmission crankshaft in the cold shear machine, and an intermediate transmission shaft and a cross slider coupling are added to the end side of the upper knife seat crankshaft. The main transmission crankshaft and the upper knife seat crankshaft in the cold shear machine are transmitted by gears. When the upper knife seat crankshaft is stationary and does not rotate, the transmission crankshaft rotates one circle, drives the upper knife seat and the upper knife seat crankshaft downward through the connecting rod to drive the shear blade to shear and reset; when the transmission crankshaft and the knife seat crankshaft rotate synchronously, the upper knife seat and the shear blade remain stationary, and the cold shear machine is in a waiting state for shearing. The transmission structure of the double crankshaft in the present invention enables the transmission system of the cold shear machine to be changed from a high-frequency start-stop type to a continuous operation type, thereby reducing the impact caused by frequent start-stop, making the machine run more smoothly, efficiently and energy-saving, and reducing the equipment manufacturing and maintenance costs; at the same time, the power of the selected motor is reduced, and there is no need to add cooling equipment for cooling the brake and clutch, so that the overall energy consumption is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The above is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the main drive crankshaft and the tool holder crankshaft in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the side fit between the main drive crankshaft and the tool holder crankshaft in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the transmission between the outer gear of the intermediate gear shaft and the tandem gear in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4Schematic diagram of the transmission between the inner gear of the intermediate gear shaft and the second gear in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the transmission of the motor and the gear transmission box in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the main drive crankshaft and pin shaft in a traditional cold shearing machine.

[0022] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the lateral structure of the main drive crankshaft and pin shaft in a traditional cold shearing machine.

[0023] Figure 8 It is a transmission diagram of the motor and gear box in a traditional cold shearing machine.

[0024] The meaning of the reference numerals in the accompanying drawings:

[0025] 1- Main drive crankshaft; 2- First extension shaft; 3- Connecting rod; 4- Second extension shaft; 5- Upper tool holder crankshaft; 6- Cross slide; 7- Upper tool holder; 8- Intermediate gear shaft; 9- Serial gear shaft; 10- Cold shear casing; 11- Motor; 12- Belt drive; 13- Flywheel; 14- Clutch; 15- Gearbox high-speed shaft; 16- Brake; 17- Pin shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] Examples of the embodiments described in the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar components or components having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended only to explain the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0028] Combine Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, this embodiment specifically discloses a cold shearing machine with eccentricity, which mainly replaces the fixed non-rotating pin shaft between the traditional connecting rod and the upper knife seat 7 with a rotatable upper knife seat crankshaft 5, which has the same eccentricity as the main transmission crankshaft 1. When waiting for shearing, the upper knife seat crankshaft 5 rotates synchronously with the main transmission crankshaft 1, that is, the parallel four-bar linkage moves, and the upper knife seat 7 does not move or floats within a smaller deviation range; when shearing is performed, the upper knife seat crankshaft 5 stops rotating, and the upper knife seat crankshaft 5 eccentrically stops just above, that is, in a high position state. At this time, driven by the eccentric rotation of the main transmission crankshaft 1, the upper knife seat crankshaft 5 and the upper knife seat 7 first move downward and then return to complete a shearing, and this state is a crankshaft connecting rod mechanism.

[0029] In this embodiment, the upper tool seat 7 connected to the upper tool seat crankshaft 5 is raised to reserve rotation space for the upper tool seat crankshaft 5. At the same time, the cold shear machine case 10 is also appropriately raised to match the height change of the upper tool seat 7. At the same time, the shape will also be appropriately changed to adapt to some other structural changes.

[0030] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the cold shearing machine includes a cold shearing machine case 10, a main transmission crankshaft 1, a connecting rod 3, and an upper tool holder crankshaft 5 with the same eccentricity E as the main transmission crankshaft 1. The main transmission crankshaft 1 is connected to the tool holder crankshaft through the connecting rod 3. When waiting for shearing, the center line position of the upper tool holder crankshaft 5 is fixed, and the main transmission crankshaft 1 and the upper tool holder crankshaft 5 rotate synchronously; when shearing, the eccentricity of the upper tool holder crankshaft 5 is vertically upward and fixed relative to the upper tool holder 7, and the center line of the upper tool holder crankshaft 5 moves in the vertical direction. The main transmission crankshaft 1 drives the upper tool holder 7 and the upper tool holder crankshaft 5 to move up and down twice the eccentric distance to complete the shearing.

[0031] In this embodiment, the synchronous eccentric motion of the main transmission crankshaft 1 and the upper tool holder crankshaft 5 is actually a parallel four-bar linkage motion, which can generally be completed by relying on inertia under the drive of the main transmission crankshaft 1 without the help of external force. However, in this embodiment, since the starting position angle of the upper tool holder crankshaft 5 is close to the dead point, an auxiliary power is required to assist the upper transmission crankshaft in converting from static to motion.

[0032] More specifically, in this embodiment, a first extension shaft 2 is provided at one end of the main transmission crankshaft 1. Preferably, in this embodiment, an elastic pin or other structure with equivalent function is provided between the first extension shaft 2 and the end of the main transmission crankshaft 1. The elastic pin or other structure can buffer some impact loads, making the transmission more stable and reducing noise. Of course, other structures with the same above-mentioned functions can also be used; a second extension shaft 4 is provided at the end of the upper tool holder crankshaft 5. One end of the second extension shaft 4 is connected to the upper tool holder crankshaft 5 through a cross slider 6, and the other end extends out of the cold shear machine case 10; a transmission mechanism is provided between the first extension shaft 2 and the second extension shaft 4, and the transmission mechanism causes the upper tool holder crankshaft 5 to rotate synchronously with respect to the main transmission crankshaft 1. When shearing is performed, the second extension shaft 4 and the cross slider 6 are in a stationary state, and the upper tool holder crankshaft 5 moves with the upper tool holder 7. When shearing is completed, the second extension shaft 4, the cross slider 6 and the upper tool holder crankshaft 5 rotate synchronously. At this time, the upper tool holder 7 is in a high position and is stationary or floating within a small deviation range.

[0033] In this embodiment, a transmission mechanism is provided between the first extension shaft 2 and the second extension shaft 4, and the tool holder crankshaft is caused to rotate synchronously with respect to the main transmission crankshaft 1 by controlling the transmission mechanism. Preferably, in this embodiment, a gear transmission structure is adopted between the first extension shaft 2 and the second extension shaft 4. Specifically, Figure 1 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the first external extension shaft 2 is provided with a first gear, and the end of the second external extension shaft 4 is provided with a second gear with incomplete teeth and a driving gear 9 with complete teeth. An intermediate gear shaft 8 is provided between the first external extension shaft 2 and the second external extension shaft 4. The intermediate gear shaft 8 includes an inner gear with complete teeth and an outer gear with incomplete teeth. The inner gear and the outer gear are an integral structure. The inner gear of the intermediate gear shaft 8 is always engaged with the first gear. The driving gear 9 is spline-connected to the second external extension shaft 4, and the driving gear 9 maintains axial free displacement. The second gear is coaxially connected to the second external extension shaft 4. During shearing, the second gear and the inner gear are disengaged. When the cold shearing machine completes shearing, the driving gear 9 moves axially, and the outer gear and the driving gear 9 begin to mesh. The driving gear may also be set on the center line of the main transmission crankshaft 1, and the transmission principle remains unchanged.

[0034] In this embodiment, the first extension shaft 2, the second extension shaft 4 and the gear transmission part will be provided with a closed box, and corresponding bearings, bushings, lubrication and other related structures will be added. The movement of the serial gear shaft 9 can be driven by a hydraulic cylinder. The above can be adaptively changed according to the component structure and will not be described in detail here.

[0035] The pair of eccentric cold shears also includes a controllable automatic locking mechanism. When the cold shear shear cycle begins, the automatic locking mechanism will limit the rotation of the upper blade seat crankshaft 5 and place the eccentricity of the upper blade seat crankshaft 5 in a high position. The automatic locking mechanism takes about 0.5 seconds to complete the operation, which is the time it takes for the blade seat crankshaft to rotate 90 degrees. It should be noted that the operation of the automatic locking mechanism is synchronized with the operation of the string gear 9 when shearing begins, so that when shearing begins, the eccentricity of the upper blade seat crankshaft 5 is exactly in the high position, and the intermediate gear shaft 8 is exactly disengaged from the string gear 9. When shearing is completed and returns to the starting shearing position, it is always open and will not affect the rotation of the upper blade seat crankshaft 5.

[0036] The pair of partial cold shears also includes a locking device for locking the locking block to balance the shear friction force on the upper knife seat. The action time of the locking block is the time range of the upper knife seat crankshaft 5 rotating 0-90 degrees. It should be noted that the rotation angle of the upper knife seat crankshaft from the beginning to the end of the shearing cycle is 0 degrees to 360 degrees. During the shearing process, the locking blocks on both sides of the upper tool crankshaft rotation direction will always exist. Its purpose is to make the shearing process smooth. The locking block on this side must be locked to the upper knife seat 7. The locking block will automatically lock during the period when it starts to descend but no material is sheared. The action time of the locking block is the time it takes for the upper knife seat crankshaft 5 to rotate about 90 degrees. When the shearing is completed and returns to the same height position, the locking block will automatically open.

[0037] Furthermore, the eccentric cold shearing machine of this embodiment includes a balancing mechanism, which is controlled by a hydraulic cylinder with a displacement sensor. One end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the box and the other end is fixed to the upper tool holder. The hydraulic cylinder is used to balance the downward force acting on the upper tool holder 7, the upper tool holder crankshaft 5 and the connecting rod, such as gravity and centrifugal force; when waiting for shearing, the hydraulic cylinder will make the upper tool holder 7 close to the upper stop position; when shearing, the hydraulic cylinder is in a released state.

[0038] In addition, the pair of partial cold shears also includes a displacement detection mechanism, which is used to detect the displacement of the upper tool holder crankshaft 5 under the action of shear friction. It can also reflect the wear of the locking block, which can prevent the locking block from wearing too much and damaging the equipment.

[0039] Furthermore, if Figure 5As shown, the pair of partial cold shears includes a motor 11 and a gear transmission box, wherein the gear transmission box includes a gear box high-speed shaft 15 and a gear box low-speed shaft, and a flywheel 13 is provided on the gear box high-speed shaft 15. The flywheel 13 is connected to the motor 11 by a belt drive 12. The flywheel 13 is provided with a clutch 14, and the clutch 14 is used to engage or disengage the power transmission between the flywheel 13 and the gear box high-speed shaft 15. The gear box low-speed shaft is the main drive crankshaft 1. Compared with the traditional cold shear, the brake 16 of the gear box high-speed shaft 15 is cancelled in this embodiment, and the corresponding cooling fan structure is also cancelled, and the role of the clutch 14 is also changed. In this embodiment, the clutch 14 becomes a safety clutch with a very low operating frequency. On the one hand, it is used for shear force overload clutching, and on the other hand, it can be used for abnormal clutching in non-shearing processes. The use of the offset cold shear structure of this embodiment can reduce the power of the motor 11 and reduce energy consumption. Taking a 1,300-ton cold shear as an example, the equipment can save energy by more than 1 / 3 due to the reduction in the power required by the motor 11 and the removal of the cooling fan system corresponding to the brake and clutch.

[0040] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Those skilled in the art can make some simple modifications, equivalent changes or modifications based on the technical content disclosed above, which all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cold shearing machine, characterized in that: The cold shear comprises a housing, a main drive crankshaft, a connecting rod, and an upper cutter seat crankshaft having the same eccentricity as the main drive crankshaft. The main drive crankshaft and the upper cutter seat crankshaft are connected by a connecting rod. When waiting for shearing, the centerline of the upper cutter seat crankshaft is fixed, and the eccentricities of the main drive crankshaft and the upper cutter seat crankshaft rotate synchronously. When shearing, the eccentricity of the upper cutter seat crankshaft is vertically upward and fixed relative to the upper cutter seat. The centerline of the upper cutter seat crankshaft moves in the vertical direction, and the main drive crankshaft drives the upper cutter seat and the upper cutter seat crankshaft to move up and down twice the eccentric distance to complete the shearing. A first extension shaft is provided at one end of the main drive crankshaft, and a second extension shaft is provided at the end of the upper tool holder crankshaft. One end of the second extension shaft is connected to the upper tool holder crankshaft via a cross slider, and the other end extends outside the cold shear housing. A transmission mechanism is provided between the first extension shaft and the second extension shaft, and the transmission mechanism causes the upper tool holder crankshaft to rotate synchronously with the main drive crankshaft. The transmission mechanism adopts a gear transmission structure, wherein the first outer extension shaft is provided with a first gear, the end of the second outer extension shaft is provided with a second gear with incomplete teeth and a string gear with complete teeth, an intermediate gear shaft is provided between the first outer extension shaft and the second outer extension shaft, the intermediate gear shaft includes an inner gear with complete teeth and an outer gear with incomplete teeth, the inner gear and the outer gear are an integrated structure, the inner gear of the intermediate gear shaft is always meshed with the first gear, the string gear and the second outer extension shaft are splined, and the string gear maintains axial free displacement; when shearing, the second gear and the inner gear are in a disengaged state, when the cold shearing machine completes shearing, the string gear moves axially, and the outer gear and the string gear begin to mesh; The eccentric cold shearing machine also includes a balancing mechanism, which is controlled by a hydraulic cylinder with a displacement sensor. The hydraulic cylinder is used to balance the downward force acting on the upper tool holder, the upper tool holder crankshaft and the connecting rod. When waiting for shearing, the hydraulic cylinder will make the upper tool holder close to the upper stop position; when shearing, the hydraulic cylinder is in a released state.

2. The eccentric cold shearing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a controllable automatic locking mechanism. When the shearing cycle of the cold shear machine starts, the automatic locking mechanism will limit the rotation of the upper tool holder crankshaft and put the eccentricity of the upper tool holder crankshaft in a high position.

3. The eccentric cold shearing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a locking device for locking the locking block to balance the shear friction force on the upper tool holder, and the action time of the locking block is the time range of the upper tool holder crankshaft rotating 0-90 degrees.

4. The eccentric cold shearing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: It comprises a displacement detection mechanism, which is used to detect the displacement of the upper tool holder crankshaft under the action of shear friction force.

5. The eccentric cold shearing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: It includes a motor and a gear transmission box, wherein the gear transmission box includes a high-speed shaft and a low-speed shaft of the gear box. A flywheel is provided on the high-speed shaft of the gear box, and the flywheel is connected to the motor by a belt drive. A clutch is provided on the flywheel, and the clutch is used to engage or disconnect the power transmission between the flywheel and the high-speed shaft of the gear box. The low-speed shaft of the gear box is an integrated structure with the main drive crankshaft.

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