Solid-liquid separation equipment for mixed wet materials

Abstract

This invention provides a solid-liquid separation device for mixed wet materials, comprising a shell, a first screen cylinder, and a first screw propeller. The first screen cylinder is fixed inside the shell and is a cylinder with openings at both ends, one end being larger than the other. The larger opening is the feed inlet, and the other end is the discharge outlet. The first helical blades of the first screw propeller are adapted to the shape of the first screen cylinder and are used to convey the material in the first screen cylinder from the feed inlet to the discharge outlet. This solid-liquid separation device for mixed wet materials uses helical blades in conjunction with a first screen cylinder with a large inlet and a small outlet to compress and dry the material, effectively reducing the dehydration of materials containing colloids. Furthermore, based on the cooperative structure of the first and second screen cylinders, their reverse rotation and differential speed not only solve the dehydration problem of highly viscous colloids and large molecular clusters, but also, by adjusting the aperture sizes of the first and second screen cylinders, increases friction and disturbance on the material, solving the problem of water adsorbing on fibrous substances and colloids, making separation difficult.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of environmental protection equipment, and more particularly to a solid-liquid separation device for mixed wet materials. Background Technology

[0002] The products obtained from the hydrothermal pyrolysis of straw and manure have a moisture content of approximately 78-85%. Due to their high content of fibrous and colloidal substances, existing equipment typically uses small-diameter perforated pores in the dewatering components (mostly 0.5-2.0 mm), making mechanical dewatering difficult. A large amount of colloids clogs these tiny pores, leading to material blockage and hindering solid-liquid separation. Simply increasing the perforated pore diameter to 2.0-4.0 mm or even larger results in a large amount of undewatered material passing directly through the pores, rendering the dewatering process ineffective. Therefore, a solution is urgently needed to effectively dewater these materials while preventing pore blockage. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the problems existing in the background art, the present invention provides a solid-liquid separation device for mixed wet materials, which includes a shell, a first screen cylinder, and a first screw propeller; the first screen cylinder is fixed inside the shell and is a cylinder with openings at both ends, one end being larger and the other end being smaller, the larger opening being the feed inlet and the other end being the discharge outlet; the first screw blade of the first screw propeller is adapted to the shape of the first screen cylinder and is used to convey the material in the first screen cylinder from the feed inlet to the discharge outlet.

[0004] In the solid-liquid separation device for mixed wet materials of this application, the first screen cylinder is a truncated cone structure with a apex angle of 30-50°; the first spiral blade is a conical spiral blade.

[0005] In the solid-liquid separation device for mixed wet materials of this application, the angle between the blade of the first spiral blade and the axis of rotation is A, where 30°≤A≤60°.

[0006] In the solid-liquid separation device for mixed wet materials of this application, the solid-liquid separation device further includes a first feed pipe, one end of which is located outside the outer shell and is the feed side, and the other end is connected to the first screen cylinder and is the discharge side.

[0007] In the solid-liquid separation device for mixed wet materials of this application, the solid-liquid separation device further includes a first discharge pipe; one end of the first discharge pipe is connected to the discharge port, and the other end is located on the outside of the outer shell as the discharge side.

[0008] In the solid-liquid separation device for mixed wet materials of this application, the first screw propeller further includes a first driving device, which is used to drive the screw blades to rotate.

[0009] In the solid-liquid separation device for mixed wet materials of this application, the solid-liquid separation device further includes a second screen cylinder, a second driving device, and a second spiral blade; the second screen cylinder is rotatably disposed on the outer shell and sleeved on the outside of the first screen cylinder; the second driving device is used to drive the second screen cylinder to rotate; the second spiral blade is a shaftless spiral blade and is fixed on the inner wall of the second screen cylinder.

[0010] In the solid-liquid separation device for mixed wet materials of this application, the angle between the blade of the second spiral blade and the axis of rotation is B, 60°≤A≤85°.

[0011] In the solid-liquid separation device for mixed wet materials of this application, the first screen cylinder is a conical structure, and the minimum vertical distance between the outer edge of the second spiral blade and the outer wall of the first screen cylinder is L, which gradually increases from the discharge port side to the inlet side.

[0012] In the solid-liquid separation device for mixed wet materials of this application, the maximum value of L is L1, the minimum value is L2, and L1 = (1.5-3)L2.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The solid-liquid separation equipment for mixed wet materials of the present invention uses spiral blades in conjunction with a first screen cylinder with a large inlet and a small outlet to squeeze and dry the material, which can effectively reduce the dehydration of materials containing colloids; and based on the combination of the first screen cylinder and the second screen cylinder, the inner and outer sides rotate in opposite directions and at different speeds, which not only solves the dehydration problem of strong colloid viscosity and large molecular clusters, but also increases the friction and disturbance of the material by the different aperture sizes of the first screen cylinder and the second screen cylinder, thus solving the problem of water adsorbed on fibrous materials and colloids and thus difficult to separate. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the solid-liquid separation device for mixed wet materials according to the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the first spiral blade of the solid-liquid separation device for mixed wet materials according to the present invention.

[0016] Figure 8. Solid-liquid separation equipment; 81. Outer shell; 82. First screen cylinder; 821. Feed inlet; 822. Discharge outlet; 83. First screw propeller; 831. First screw blade; 832. First drive device; 84. First feed pipe; 85. First discharge pipe; 86. Second screen cylinder; 87. Second drive device; 88. Second screw blade; 89. Collection trough. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0018] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein in the specification of the application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0019] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0020] A solid-liquid separation device for mixed wet materials according to the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] like Figure 1As shown, a solid-liquid separation device for mixed wet materials includes a shell 81, a first screen cylinder 82 (different screen sizes can be selected as needed, preferably with a screen diameter of 3-6 mm, where the material passes through the 3-6 mm holes under pressure; if the size is too small, the material cannot pass through smoothly and will cause blockage; if the size is too large, a pressure difference cannot be formed, resulting in ineffective dehydration), and a first screw propeller 83; the first screen cylinder 82 is fixed inside the shell 81 and is a cylinder with openings at both ends, one end being larger and the other smaller, the larger opening being the inlet 821 and the other end being the outlet 822; the first screw blade 831 of the first screw propeller 83 (such as a belt-type screw blade with a shaft) is adapted to the shape of the first screen cylinder 82 and is used to separate the first wet material into solid and liquid components. Material is fed from the feed inlet 821 to the discharge outlet 822 in a screen cylinder 82 (the first screw propeller 83 also includes a first drive device 832 (such as a motor driving a reducer, which drives the first screw blade 831 to rotate), the first drive device is used to drive the screw blade 831 to rotate). A liquid outlet is provided at the bottom of the outer shell 81, and multiple liquid collection chambers can also be provided to collect the discharged liquid. Based on the fact that one end of the first screen cylinder has a large opening and the other end has a small opening, that is, the first screw propeller 83 (rotation speed is 3-12 rpm, if the speed is too fast, the material residence time is too short, and the dehydration effect is reduced, if the speed is too slow, the processing capacity is reduced) needs to squeeze and dry the material when outputting it from the discharge outlet 812, so as to improve the drying effect of the material.

[0022] The solid-liquid separation equipment for mixed wet materials of the present invention uses spiral blades in conjunction with a first screen cylinder with a large inlet and a small outlet to squeeze and dry the material, which can effectively reduce the dehydration of materials containing colloidal substances and reduce the moisture content of the outlet solids to 45-55%.

[0023] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1As shown, the first screen cylinder 82 has a truncated cone structure with a apex angle D of 30-50°. Based on the cone shape, the first screen cylinder 82, combined with the conical spiral blades 831, continuously compresses and dehydrates the material inside the cylinder (compared to a cylindrical cylinder, the conical cylinder exerts greater compressive force on the material, which helps remove moisture). As moisture is squeezed out, the material volume decreases, and as the material is conveyed forward, the volume of the first screen cylinder 82 also decreases, thus ensuring continuous compression of the material and guaranteeing the dehydration and drying effect (conventional cylindrical roller extrusion typically employs methods that increase the compressive force). (Selecting a higher-power motor) means that when processing similar colloidal materials, the water cannot be separated; instead, the colloidal particles are broken into smaller particles. If the solid and liquid are not separated, they may flow directly out of the sieve holes due to their smaller size, thus failing to achieve solid-liquid separation. The apex angle D is selected within the range of 30-50°. Below 30°, it becomes difficult to squeeze and push the material, reducing the material throughput and easily causing damage to the first sieve cylinder or burnout of the motor of the first screw propeller 83. Above 50°, the improvement in drying effect is not significant compared to a cylindrical cylinder. Preferably, the rotation speed of the first screw propeller 83 and the apex angle D are used in combination at 30-50°, ensuring both dehydration effect and throughput while also guaranteeing the equipment's lifespan (such as the shaft h and motor).

[0024] Preferably, the minimum vertical distance between the first spiral blade 831 and the first screen cylinder 82 is H, where H is 13-33 mm. Materials rich in colloids are mostly smaller than 10 mm in size; this range ensures material passage and dewatering under significant friction. Sizes smaller than this will cause material to become stuck in the interlayer; sizes larger than this will severely affect the dewatering effect.

[0025] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the angle between the blade of the first spiral blade 831 and the axis of rotation is A, 30°≤A≤60°. Within this range, the residence time of the material in the first screen cylinder is guaranteed, which can improve the dewatering effect. Below 30°, the material residence time is too short, resulting in insufficient dewatering; above 60°, it causes difficulties in discharge and increases the motor load. Preferably, when used in conjunction with the apex angle D of the first screen cylinder, it can reduce the moisture content from 78-85% to 45-55%, while the moisture content of the same material after conventional cylindrical extrusion dewatering is 60-65%. The screw pitch can be selected as 0.5-1.0 times the blade height to ensure throughput and dewatering effect.

[0026] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1As shown, the solid-liquid separation device 8 also includes a first feed pipe 84. One end of the first feed pipe 84 is located outside the outer shell 81 and is the feed side, while the other end is connected to the first screen cylinder 82 and is the discharge side. Preferably, the discharge side of the first feed pipe 84 is fixedly connected to the feed inlet 821.

[0027] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the solid-liquid separation device 8 also includes a first discharge pipe 85; one end of the first discharge pipe 85 is connected to the discharge port 822, and the other end is located outside the outer shell 81 as the discharge side. The first discharge pipe 85 is fixedly connected to the discharge port 822.

[0028] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the pre-drying equipment 8 also includes a second screen cylinder 86 (the screen hole diameter is 1-3mm, and the material size after the first screen cylinder 82 is 0.1-1.0mm; selecting screen holes within this range can form an effective pressure difference, neither clogging the screen holes nor hindering effective dewatering), a second drive device 87, and a second spiral blade 88; the second screen cylinder 86 is rotatably mounted on the outer shell 81 (rotating in the opposite direction to the first spiral propeller 83 to effectively increase friction and improve dewatering efficiency); specifically, its end is sealed to the outer shell and sleeved on the outside of the first screen cylinder 82; the second drive device 87 is used to drive the second screen cylinder 86 to rotate; the second spiral blade 88 is a shaftless spiral blade, such as a ribbon spiral blade; and is fixed to the inner wall of the second screen cylinder 86; based on the first screen... The first and second screen cylinders work together, rotating in opposite directions and at different speeds. This not only solves the dehydration problem of highly viscous colloids and large molecular clusters, but also, by adjusting the aperture sizes of the first and second screen cylinders, increases friction and agitation on the material, solving the problem of water adsorbing onto fibrous materials and colloids and making them difficult to separate. Furthermore, the second screen cylinder 86 performs secondary processing on the material screened out by the first screen cylinder 82, which can improve the yield of solid materials (generally, the feed moisture content is about 75%, the moisture content of the material screened out by the first screen cylinder 82 (the material entering the second screen cylinder) is 60-62%, and the moisture content of the material exiting the second screen cylinder is about 55%). Preferably, the speed of the second rotating cylinder is 1.0-2.0 times that of the first rotating cylinder to achieve effective dehydration.

[0029] Preferably, the angle between the blade of the second spiral blade 88 and the axis of rotation is B, 60°≤B≤85°. Within this range, when used in conjunction with the first screen cylinder having a conical structure, the moisture content in the material can be reduced to 60-65%. If the angle is greater than 85°, the material is difficult to advance, resulting in an increase in the load on the second drive device 87 and an increase in energy consumption, but the increase in dewatering efficiency is not significant. If the angle is less than 60°, the material stays in the cylinder for too short a time, and the dewatering effect is reduced. In particular, when used in conjunction with the first spiral blade 831 with an angle of 30°≤A≤60° between the blade and the axis of rotation and the apex angle D of the first screen cylinder of 30-50°, it can achieve the effect of improving the dehydration and drying effect while ensuring the throughput and the yield of solid materials; and when B is 65° and D is 45°, the best dehydration effect can be obtained, and the moisture content of the material discharged from the second screen cylinder 86 can reach 50-52%; specifically, the pitch of the first spiral blade 831 is N=(1.0-1.2)Z, N1=(1.0-1.2)Z1; and so on.

[0030] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the first screen cylinder 82 has a conical structure. The minimum vertical distance between the outer edge of the second spiral blade 88 and the outer wall of the first screen cylinder 82 is L (specifically, L is 10-30mm. Materials rich in colloids are mostly smaller than 10mm in size; this range ensures material passage and dewatering under significant friction. A size smaller than this will cause material to get stuck in the interlayer; a size larger than this will severely affect the dewatering effect). L gradually increases from the discharge port 812 side to the inlet port 811 side. The gap between the outer edge of the second spiral blade 88 and the outer wall of the first screen cylinder 82 facilitates the normal rotation of the second screen cylinder 86 and prevents jamming. The maximum value of L is L1, and the minimum value is L2, where L1 = 1.5-3L2.

[0031] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the second screen cylinder 86 is a cylinder, and the second spiral blade 88, the second screen cylinder 86, the first screen cylinder 82 and the first spiral blade 831 are coaxially arranged. The second screen cylinder 86 has an annular outlet 821 between the second screen cylinder 86 and the first screen cylinder 82 located on the side of the feed inlet 811. The corresponding solid-liquid separation device 8 also includes a collection tank 89. The collection tank 89 is an annular groove adapted to the annular outlet 821 and is fixed to the outer shell 81 for collecting the material output from the annular outlet 821, and a second discharge port 891 is opened at the bottom.

Claims

1. A solid-liquid separation apparatus (8) for mixed wet material, which is obtained by hydrothermal cracking of straw and manure, characterized in that, The solid-liquid separation device (8) comprises a shell (81), a first screen cylinder (82), and a first screw propeller (83). The first screen cylinder (82) is fixedly arranged in the shell (81) and is a cylinder with open ends, one end being larger and the other end being smaller, the larger end being an inlet (821) and the smaller end being an outlet (822), and the screen hole diameter of the first screen cylinder (82) being 3-6 mm. The first screw blade (831) of the first screw propeller (83) is adapted to the shape of the first screen cylinder (82) and is used to send the material in the first screen cylinder (82) from the inlet (821) to the outlet (822). The solid-liquid separation device (8) further comprises a second screen cylinder (86), a second driving device (87), and a second screw blade (88). The second screen cylinder (86) is rotatably arranged in the shell (81) and is sleeved outside the first screen cylinder (82) and opposite to the rotation direction of the first screw propeller (83). The second driving device (87) is used to drive the rotation of the second screen cylinder (86). The second screw blade (88) is an axis-free screw blade and is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the second screen cylinder (86).

2. The mixed wet material solid-liquid separation apparatus (8) according to claim 1, characterized by, The first screen cylinder (82) is a circular conical frustum structure and the top angle is 30-50°.

3. The mixed wet material solid-liquid separation apparatus (8) according to claim 1, characterized by, The included angle between the blade of the first screw blade (831) and the rotation axis is A, 30°≤A≤60°.

4. The mixed wet material solid-liquid separation apparatus (8) according to claim 1, characterized by, The solid-liquid separation device (8) further comprises a first feeding pipe (84), one end of which is located outside the shell (81) and is a feeding side, and the other end of which is connected to the first screen cylinder (82) and is a discharging side.

5. The mixed wet material solid-liquid separation apparatus (8) according to claim 1, characterized by, The solid-liquid separation device (8) further comprises a first discharging pipe (85). One end of the first discharging pipe (85) is connected to the outlet (822) and the other end is located outside the shell (81) and is a discharging side.

6. The mixed wet material solid-liquid separation apparatus (8) according to claim 1, characterized by, The first screw propeller (83) further comprises a first driving device (832) for driving the rotation of the first screw blade (831).

7. The mixed wet material solid-liquid separation apparatus (8) according to claim 1, characterized by, The included angle between the blade of the second screw blade (88) and the rotation axis is B, 60°≤B≤85°.

8. The mixed wet material solid-liquid separation apparatus (8) according to claim 1, characterized by, The first screen cylinder (82) is a circular cone structure, the minimum vertical distance L between the outer edge of the second screw blade (88) and the outer wall of the first screen cylinder (82) gradually increases from the side of the outlet (822) to the side of the inlet (821).

9. The mixed wet material solid-liquid separation apparatus (8) according to claim 8, characterized in that, The maximum value of L is L1 and the minimum value is L2, L1=(1.5-3)L2.

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