Submerged fish lock

Abstract

This invention discloses a submerged fish lock, a type of fish passage facility. It employs a culvert-type structure with pressurized flow, creating a continuous, stable, low-velocity water flow within the lock through the rational arrangement of gates and the design of a drainage system, ultimately enabling fish passage. The fish passage chamber is equipped with, from upstream to downstream, an upstream maintenance gate, a first working gate, a second working gate, and a downstream maintenance gate. A ventilation hole is provided in the fish passage chamber between the upstream maintenance gate and the first working gate. An inlet, drainage equipment, and pipes are provided in the fish passage chamber between the first and second working gates. The beneficial effects of this invention are: protecting fish migration and restoring the ecological balance of the river.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of water ecological engineering, and relates to a fish passing facility applied to solve the rapid fish passing of upstream and downstream of a water retaining building, in particular to a submerged hole type fish lock. BACKGROUND

[0002] As an engineering measure for protecting aquatic species resources, the fish passing facility has developed into a fishway, a fish elevator, a fish lock and a natural channel imitation. The existing fish lock has a similar operation mode to a ship lock, and fish can pass the dam without ascending by relying on the water level rising in the lock chamber. The operation cycle is divided into four stages of fish induction, water filling and rising, fish leading out and emptying. The main problems are complex engineering structure, high operation and maintenance requirements and high failure rate. The fishway has a large occupied area, and fish passing is mainly based on behavior, and is generally applicable to low water head. The fish passing facility is limited by the water head of upstream and downstream, site conditions, operation management and the like, and is not ideal in most domestic operations.

[0003] The fish passing facility is an effective means for repairing the ecological balance of a river channel, has a positive effect on the protection of migratory fish, and has a positive effect on the protection of the ecological environment. Therefore, in order to solve the problems faced by the current fish passing facility, ensure the fish passing effect, and overcome the deficiencies in operation and management, the present application proposes a submerged hole type fish lock. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned needs, the present application aims to provide a submerged hole type fish lock, which is a pressure flow type structure with a culvert type structure, and a continuous and stable low-speed water flow is formed in the fish lock through the design of a water discharge system, so as to realize the independent and rapid completion of the upstream ascending and downstream passing of the fish passing object, and to realize the bidirectional rapid fish passing of the fish passing facility applied to solve the fish passing of the upstream and downstream of the water retaining building, and to realize the simple and convenient operation and management, which is an effective means for repairing the ecological balance of a river channel.

[0005] The technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows: A subsurface type fish lock mainly comprises a fish passing lock chamber, an inspection lock gate, a working lock gate, an air hole, an access hole, drainage equipment and pipelines; characterized in that: the inspection lock gate is divided into an upstream inspection lock gate and a downstream inspection lock gate, the working lock gate is divided into a first working lock gate and a second working lock gate, the fish passing lock chamber provides a fish passing channel for fish passing objects, and is provided with an upstream and a downstream according to the water flow direction; the fish passing lock chamber is sequentially provided with the upstream inspection lock gate, the first working lock gate, the second working lock gate and the downstream inspection lock gate from the upstream to the downstream, the fish passing lock chamber between the upstream inspection lock gate and the first working lock gate is provided with the air hole, the fish passing lock chamber between the first working lock gate and the second working lock gate is provided with the access hole, the drainage equipment and the pipelines; the upstream inspection lock gate is placed in an upstream inspection lock gate slot, the downstream inspection lock gate is placed in a downstream inspection lock gate slot, the first working lock gate is placed in a first working lock gate slot, and the second working lock gate is placed in a second working lock gate slot.

[0006] Further, the subsurface type fish lock is applied to a fish passing period and a non-fish passing period or a maintenance period; in the fish passing period, the first working lock gate and the second working lock gate are correspondingly operated, in the non-fish passing period or the maintenance period, the upstream inspection lock gate and the downstream inspection lock gate are correspondingly operated.

[0007] Further, the fish passing lock chamber is a culvert type structure between the inlet and the outlet of the subsurface type fish lock, is arranged in a dam or combined with a tunnel engineering, or is arranged alone, the structure of the fish passing lock chamber is a reinforced concrete or a pipe structure, the fish passing lock chamber adopts pressure water passing, the inlets and outlets of the upstream and the downstream have a certain submergence depth in the fish passing period. The longitudinal axis of the fish lock needs to be comprehensively considered from the water flow state in the lock chamber, the building arrangement, the retention requirement of the fish passing objects and the like. The cross-sectional dimension of the structure of the fish passing lock chamber is determined according to the body length of the fish passing objects and the design fish passing scale.

[0008] Further, the working lock gate, i.e. the lock gate for starting and stopping the fish passing operation of the fish lock, is arranged in series in two stages, is divided into the first working lock gate and the second working lock gate, the working lock gate or additional working lock gates are arranged as needed to form a multi-stage fish lock, and the top of the working lock gate should be lower than the lowest water level in the downstream in the fish passing period. Specifically, when the physiological function of the fish passing object cannot be adjusted in place due to a large water pressure change amplitude in the fish passing lock chamber, additional working lock gates need to be arranged, or when the water head of the subsurface type fish lock is high, additional working lock gates can be arranged to form a multi-stage fish lock, the operation mode is similar to a ship lock, and a reciprocating starting and stopping operation process is adopted, i.e. after one lock gate completes the starting and stopping process, the starting and stopping process of another lock gate is sequentially started, and other working lock gates are in a closed state in the starting and stopping process of the lock gate.

[0009] Further, the working state of the working lock gate is that the working lock gate adopts a reciprocating starting and stopping operation process, i.e. after the first working lock gate completes the starting and stopping process, the starting and stopping process of the second working lock gate is sequentially started, and other working lock gates are in a closed state in the starting and stopping process of a certain working lock gate.

[0010] Further, the inspection gate is a gate that meets the fish lock non-fish passing period or the inspection period, and is arranged at the inlet and outlet of the upstream and downstream fish passing chamber. During the inspection period, the upstream and downstream inspection gates are closed at the same time, and during the non-fish passing period, the upstream inspection gate is closed to block water.

[0011] Further, the air vent is used for air intake when the fish lock is inspected or enters the non-fish passing period, and the inspection gate is closed. When the fish lock starts to pass fish, the inspection gate is opened to complete air exhaust.

[0012] Further, the manhole, the drainage device and the pipeline are used for inspection and maintenance after the fish lock is emptied when the upstream and downstream inspection gates are closed. During the fish lock inspection period, the inspection gate is closed, the fish lock is emptied by using the drainage device and the pipeline, and the manhole is opened to complete the inspection and maintenance.

[0013] Further, the gate is replaced by a valve, the inspection gate is an inspection valve, and the working gate is a working valve. When the fish passing chamber structure adopts a pipe structure, the valve is used to play the working and inspection functions. Corresponding to the working valve and the inspection valve, the arrangement of each valve is consistent with the gate, but the gate slot must be cancelled, and the manhole and the drainage device and the pipeline can be cancelled according to needs.

[0014] Another technical solution of the application is as follows: a submerged hole type fish lock further comprises a fish lock drainage system, the fish lock drainage system controls the fish lock drainage flow to form a continuous, stable and low-speed water flow in the fish lock, and the fish lock drainage system provides two selection schemes of gate hole arrangement and communication pipe arrangement. Regarding the gate hole arrangement scheme, specifically, small holes are uniformly arranged on the working gate plate, the working gate blocks water and automatically drains water through the small holes, the size and number of the small holes control the drainage flow, and the small holes are designed according to needs. During the fish passing operation process of the fish lock, the drainage flow in the fish lock is always controlled by a closed working gate and will not change greatly due to the opening and closing of the gate. The condition of forming a continuous, stable and low-speed water flow in the fish lock is achieved.

[0015] Regarding the communication pipe arrangement scheme, specifically, a communication pipe is arranged between the upstream and downstream of each working gate, the communication pipe is divided into a communication pipe inlet and a communication pipe outlet, the communication pipe is provided with a communication pipe upper gate valve, and the communication pipe inlet and the communication pipe outlet are respectively provided with a communication pipe inlet grille and a communication pipe outlet grille. The gate blocks water and drains water through the communication pipe. During the fish passing operation process of the fish lock, the drainage flow of the fish lock is always controlled by the communication pipe at a closed working gate, and a continuous, stable and low-speed water flow is formed in the fish lock.

[0016] The application adopts another technical solution as follows: a fish lock of a submerged type further comprises a fish passing monitoring system, the fish passing monitoring system monitors fish passing conditions of the fish lock, and comprises real-time monitoring of fish passing species, size, quantity, time and water pressure, an observation room is arranged in the fish lock, necessary observation and recording equipment such as a camera, a fish detector and a counter are provided, meanwhile, pressure sensing equipment is buried at the entrance, the chamber and the exit of the fish lock to collect water pressure changes and flow state conditions in the fish passing process of the fish lock, each monitoring item can be automatically monitored continuously day and night and stored, and the monitoring results provide basis support for optimizing the operation process of the fish lock. The fish lock realizes fish passing through the water flow conditions formed in the chamber by the drainage system and the operation mode of the fish lock.

[0017] The application has the following innovations: first, the fish lock adopts a culvert type structure with a pressure drainage fish passing mode instead of the current open type non-pressure flow fish passing mode, the process of water level adjustment such as chamber water filling and emptying is avoided, the fish passing time is shortened, and the fish passing efficiency is improved; second, two fish lock drainage schemes of gate hole distribution and communication pipe setting are proposed, the fish lock forms continuous and stable low-speed water flow in the fish passing period, and provides necessary conditions for the fish passing objects to pass through the fish lock, realize upstream and downstream, and remove the artificial complex operation process such as fish luring and fish leading out of the existing fish lock; third, the fish lock structure of the pipeline type fish passing chamber and the use of gate valve operation and maintenance is proposed, and a new direction is proposed for new fish passing facilities and reconstruction; fourth, the fish passing monitoring items are enriched, and the water pressure monitoring content is proposed, and the monitoring results provide basis support for optimizing the operation process of the fish lock.

[0018] The application has the following advantages: 1. In engineering arrangement, the application can be combined with dam body and tunnel, and almost does not occupy other land. 2. In engineering investment, the application has simple structure, mature technical conditions of gate and drainage equipment, and low engineering cost. 3. In engineering operation, the operation of the gate is mainly managed, and the fish passing time can be effectively shortened. 4. In engineering application, the application is suitable for low water head, and is also suitable for medium and high water head. 5. In fish passing effect, the application can determine the cross section size of the fish passing chamber according to the fish passing objects, and the application range of the fish passing objects is wide. Meanwhile, the water flow condition in the fish passing chamber is stable, and the fish passing objects can pass through by upstream and downstream. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a longitudinal section view of the fish lock of the application.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a plan view of the fish lock of the application.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a fish passing process diagram of the fish lock of the application, that is, a closing state of two working gates.

[0022] Figure 4The fish passing process diagram of the fish lock of the present application, i.e. the downstream working gate is opened, and the fish passing state.

[0023] Figure 5 The fish passing process diagram of the fish lock of the present application, i.e. the downstream working gate is closed.

[0024] Figure 6 The fish passing process diagram of the fish lock of the present application, i.e. the upstream working gate is opened, and the fish passing state.

[0025] Figure 7 The fish passing process diagram of the fish lock of the present application, i.e. the upstream working gate is closed.

[0026] Figure 8 The scheme diagram of the connecting pipe of the drainage system of the present application.

[0027] In Figures 1-2 , the upstream maintenance gate slot 1, the first working gate slot 2, the second working gate slot 3, the downstream maintenance gate slot 4, the first working gate 5, the second working gate 6, the manhole 7, the drainage equipment and pipe 8, and the air hole 9.

[0028] Figure 8 In the connecting pipe 10, the connecting pipe upper gate valve 11, the connecting pipe inlet 12, the connecting pipe outlet 13, the connecting pipe inlet grating 14, and the connecting pipe outlet grating 15.

[0029] Note: the shown Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figures 3-7 , the fish lock drainage system adopts the gate hole arrangement scheme, the left side is the upstream of the fish lock, and the right side is the downstream of the fish lock. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The specific implementation process of the present application is as follows: a subsurface hole type fish lock mainly comprises a fish passing lock chamber, a drainage system, and a fish passing monitoring system. The fish passing lock chamber provides a fish passing channel for fish passing objects, the drainage system controls the drainage flow of the fish lock, forms a continuous and stable low-speed water flow in the fish lock, and the fish passing monitoring system monitors the fish passing condition of the fish lock. The fish lock realizes fish passing by combining the water flow condition formed in the lock chamber by the drainage system and the operation mode of the fish lock.

[0031] As Figures 1-8The technical scheme of the present application is shown as follows: a fish lock, mainly comprising a fish passing lock chamber, an inspection lock gate, a working lock gate, an air hole, an access hole, a drainage device and a pipeline; characterized in that: the inspection lock gate is divided into an upstream inspection lock gate and a downstream inspection lock gate, the working lock gate is divided into a first working lock gate and a second working lock gate, and the fish passing lock chamber is provided with an upstream and a downstream; wherein the fish passing lock chamber is provided with the upstream inspection lock gate slot 1, the first working lock gate slot 2, the second working lock gate slot 3 and the downstream inspection lock gate slot 4 from the upstream to the downstream in sequence, the fish passing lock chamber between the upstream inspection lock gate slot 1 and the first working lock gate slot 2 is provided with the air hole 9, the fish passing lock chamber between the first working lock gate slot 2 and the second working lock gate slot 3 is provided with the access hole 7, the drainage device and the pipeline 8, the upstream inspection lock gate is placed in the upstream inspection lock gate slot 1, the downstream inspection lock gate is placed in the downstream inspection lock gate slot 4, the first working lock gate is placed in the first working lock gate slot 2, and the second working lock gate is placed in the second working lock gate slot 3.

[0032] For the above technical scheme, when the fish passing lock chamber adopts a pipe material structure and a lock valve for working and inspection, the arrangement of the working valve, the inspection valve and the air hole is consistent with the above technical scheme, but the upstream inspection lock gate slot 1, the first working lock gate slot 2, the second working lock gate slot 3, the downstream inspection lock gate slot 4, the access hole 7 and the drainage device and the pipeline 8 can be cancelled according to needs.

[0033] The present application adopts another technical scheme as follows: a fish lock further comprising a fish lock drainage system, the fish lock drainage system controls the fish lock drainage flow, forms a continuous and stable low-speed water flow in the fish lock, and provides two selection schemes of gate hole arrangement and communication pipe; as for the gate hole arrangement scheme, specifically, small holes are uniformly arranged on the working lock gate plate, the working lock gate blocks water and autonomously drains water through the small holes, the size and number of the small holes control the drainage flow, and are designed according to needs. In the fish passing operation process of the fish lock, the drainage flow in the fish lock is always controlled by a closed working lock gate and will not change greatly due to the opening and closing of other gates, so as to form a continuous and stable low-speed water flow in the fish lock. As for the communication pipe scheme, specifically, a communication pipe 10 is arranged between the upstream and downstream of each working lock gate, the communication pipe 10 is divided into a communication pipe inlet 12 and a communication pipe outlet 13, the communication pipe is provided with a communication pipe upper lock valve 11, and the communication pipe inlet and the communication pipe outlet are respectively provided with a communication pipe inlet grille 14 and a communication pipe outlet grille 15. The working lock gate blocks water and drains water through the communication pipe. In the fish passing operation process of the fish lock, the fish lock drainage flow is always controlled by the communication pipe at a closed working lock gate, so as to form a continuous and stable low-speed water flow in the fish lock.

[0034] The fish lock needs to be coordinated with other buildings in the project layout, and it is appropriate to give priority to the combination of dam body or the use of already excavated tunnels.

[0035] The fish-passing lock chamber is provided with working gates, maintenance gates, air holes, manholes, drainage equipment and pipelines, etc. During the fish-passing period, the fish lock operates the working gates, and the arrangement of various equipment and facilities is shown in Figures 1-2 . During the non-fish-passing period or the maintenance period, the fish lock operates the maintenance gates.

[0036] The maintenance gates are provided in two rows, which are arranged at the entrances and exits of the fish lock upstream and downstream. The working gates are provided in two rows, which are arranged in series before and after the flat slope section of the chamber. The top of the working gate should be lower than the lowest water level downstream during the fish-passing period by 0.5 m. The entrances and exits of the fish lock upstream and downstream should conform to the swimming layer height of the main fish-passing objects, and ensure that the entrances and exits have a submerged depth of not less than 1.0 m below the lowest water level during the fish-passing period.

[0037] The longitudinal axis of the fish lock needs to be considered comprehensively from the water flow pattern in the chamber, the arrangement of the structures, the retention requirements of the fish-passing objects, etc. The turning radius of the axis should not be less than 3 times the maximum size of the cross section, and the slope should not be greater than 1 / 10. The length of the fish lock should not be too long, including:

[0038] 1. The length between adjacent maintenance gates and working gates is determined according to the "Code for Design of Water Locks" (SL265-2016), and the net distance between the gate bodies should not be less than 1.5 m. The upstream maintenance gate not only undertakes the maintenance task, but also undertakes the water retaining task during the non-fish-passing period, and the net distance between the gate bodies should be appropriately increased.

[0039] 2. The length between working gates is the sum of the length of the turbulent zone formed after the flow through the gate hole or connecting pipe and the length of the fish retention zone. The length of the turbulent zone needs to be obtained through hydraulic calculation according to the discharge system scheme and the water retaining head of the gate. The fish retention zone is a stable flow formed after the discharge is dissipated by the gate, which provides an area for the fish-passing objects to adjust their physiological functions and wait for the lock. The length of the turbulent zone can be taken as 1-10 times the length of the turbulent zone, the shorter the length of the turbulent zone, the larger the value, and the longer the length of the turbulent zone, the smaller the value, and it should not be less than 5 times the length of the largest fish-passing object.

[0040] 3. If the calculated length of the turbulent zone is too large, resulting in a too large length of the chamber and affecting the fish-passing efficiency, the energy dissipation measures after the flow through the gate hole or connecting pipe should be optimized.

[0041] The fish-passing lock chamber structure can be cast in reinforced concrete or installed by pipes. The cross-sectional size of the chamber should be determined comprehensively according to the body length of the fish passing object and the design fish-passing scale, and the minimum inlet height should not be less than 1.8 m, the inlet width should not be less than 1.2 m, and the inner diameter of the circular cross-section should not be less than 1.0 m. The style and opening and closing mode of the gate need to be determined comprehensively by analyzing and comparing the arrangement mode, hydraulic conditions, operation management, cross-sectional size of the fish-passing lock, etc. The structure of the working gate and the maintenance gate should meet the requirements of the Code for Design of Steel Gate for Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering (SL74-2019). The area of the air vent is calculated in accordance with the Code for Design of Steel Gate for Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering (SL74-2019).

[0042] The fish-passing lock discharge system provides continuous and stable low-speed water flow for the fish passing object to pass through the lock. The present application proposes two schemes of gate hole arrangement and connecting pipe arrangement. In the gate hole arrangement scheme, small holes of the same size and number are uniformly arranged on each working gate plate, and the gate controls the discharge flow rate through the holes. During the operation of the fish-passing lock, the discharge flow rate in the fish-passing lock is always controlled by a closed working gate, and will not change significantly due to the opening and closing of other gates. At the same time, the water pressure in the lock can be adjusted by adjusting the opening and closing speed of the gate. In the connecting pipe arrangement scheme, Figure 8 ) connecting pipes are arranged between the upstream and downstream of each working gate, and the water is discharged through the connecting pipes when the gate is closed. The connecting pipe is composed of an inlet grille, a connecting pipe, a gate valve, and an outlet grille. The inlet and outlet grilles provide stable, uniform, and low-flow water flow for the inlet and outlet of the connecting pipe, and the gate valve controls the discharge flow rate in the lock chamber and adjusts the water pressure. During the operation of the fish-passing lock, the discharge flow rate in the fish-passing lock is always controlled by the connecting pipe at the closed working gate.

[0043] When designing the fish-passing lock discharge system, the inlet of each scheme should not have a suction effect on the fish passing object due to excessive water flow velocity, and the energy dissipation mode of the gate plate hole or the connecting pipe outlet should be reasonably determined. In the gate hole arrangement scheme, the energy dissipation is mainly achieved by water body turbulence diffusion, and the longitudinal axis of the fish-passing lock can also be adjusted to form an intersection with the water outlet direction to dissipate energy by water flow impact or friction against the lock wall. In the connecting pipe arrangement scheme, the flow should be divided at the tail of the connecting pipe to form multiple opposite water flows, which dissipate energy by water body turbulence diffusion after mutual impact or impact against the lock wall.

[0044] The discharge flow rate of the fish-passing lock discharge system should be determined reasonably according to the fish passing object, and the following principles should be followed:

[0045] 1. Under the condition of the maximum water level difference between the upstream and downstream, the average flow velocity in the chamber after one of the working gates is fully opened should not exceed the endurance swimming speed of the weakest fish in the fish passing object.

[0046] 2. The average flow velocity in the sluice chamber when all the working gates are closed should not be less than the induced flow velocity of the fish.

[0047] The discharge flow of the gate hole in the hole arrangement scheme is determined according to the hole flow formula

[0048]

[0049] Q = nμA (H) 1 / 2 3 / s.

[0050] n — the number of holes on the working gate.

[0051] μ, A — the flow coefficient of the hole and the area of the hole.

[0052] H — the water pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the hole.

[0053] The maximum discharge flow of the connecting pipe in the connecting pipe scheme is calculated according to the pressure pipe, and the actual running flow is controlled by the gate valve on the connecting pipe.

[0054] The selection of the fish sluice discharge system should be combined with the actual situation of fish passing through the fish sluice, and determined through model test or numerical mode analysis, especially in terms of energy dissipation effect, single hole inlet flow velocity and operation control. The hole arrangement scheme has the advantages that the water flow direction in each section of the fish sluice is basically consistent with the longitudinal direction of the fish sluice, the water flow is relatively stable, and the operation is simple, but the vibration and cavitation caused by hole flow during the operation of the working gate need to be studied. In the connecting pipe scheme, the working gate is less affected by the discharge flow, the gate valve on the connecting pipe can not only control the flow but also adjust the water pressure change in the sluice chamber through controlling the flow, which is beneficial to the adjustment of the physiological function of the fish. However, it is difficult to keep the water outlet direction consistent with the longitudinal axis of the whole fish sluice, the energy dissipation process is complex, and the operation is relatively complex.

[0055] The content of the fish sluice monitoring system includes monitoring of the species, size, quantity, time and flow pattern of the fish. Observation rooms are arranged at the inlet and outlet of the fish sluice, observation windows are reasonably arranged in the observation rooms, and necessary observation and recording equipment such as cameras, fish detectors and counters are equipped, and pressure sensing equipment is buried at the inlet, chamber and outlet of the fish sluice to collect the water pressure change and flow pattern during the fish passing through the fish sluice. The observation equipment and pressure sensing equipment can automatically observe continuously day and night, can record the species and size of the fish, the fish passing time and the water pressure change process, etc., and can be stored well.

[0056] The working gate of the fish sluice operates in a similar way to the ship lock, and adopts a reciprocating opening and closing operation process, that is, after one gate completes the opening and closing, the opening and closing of another gate starts in turn. During the opening and closing of the gate, the other working gates are in the closed state.

[0057] The fish lock's fish passing time and fish staying time during the fish passing operation can be determined by the fish lock monitoring system or test, wherein:

[0058] 1. The fish passing time refers to the time from the start of the fish passing of a gate to the complete closing, which is related to the swimming speed of the fish passing object and the physiological adaptation time to the gate opening and closing.

[0059] 2. The fish staying time refers to the time from the complete closing of a gate to the start of the fish passing of another gate, which is related to the physiological adaptation time of the fish passing object to the water pressure and flow changes.

[0060] The operation rules of each fish lock gate should be determined based on observation and test. During the fish passing operation of the fish lock, the adaptation of the fish passing object to the water pressure changes should be monitored, and the gate lifting / descending speed or the connecting pipe gate valve opening degree should be adjusted in time. The gate opening and closing speed of the fish lock should be slow in principle to facilitate the quick adaptation of the fish passing object to the gate opening and closing process.

[0061] The opening and closing state of the working gate and the hydraulic conditions during the opening and closing should be fully considered when the fish lock operates the inspection gate. When carrying out the inspection, the upstream inspection gate should be closed first, and then the downstream inspection gate should be closed. After completing the inspection, the downstream inspection gate should be opened first, and then the upstream inspection gate should be opened. The upstream inspection gate needs to bear the water retaining task during the inspection period and the water retaining task during the non-fish period.

[0062] The fish passing operation process of the fish lock is as follows: Figures 3-7 , Figure 3 : The preparation period, both gates are in the closed state, and the fish group waits at the upstream and downstream inlets and outlets due to the water flow influence; Figure 4 : The upstream working gate is still closed, and the downstream working gate is opened, and the fish passes the downstream gate and moves upstream to the two gates; Figure 5 : The upstream working gate is still closed, and the downstream working gate is closed, and the fish group waits at the upstream and downstream inlets and outlets, and the upstream fish group adapts and waits; Figure 6 : The upstream working gate is opened, and the downstream working gate is closed, and the fish group continues to move upstream between the two gates, and the fish group waits to move downstream to the two gates; Figure 7 : The upstream working gate is closed, and the downstream working gate is closed, and the fish group waits at the upstream and downstream inlets and outlets, and the downstream fish group adapts and waits.

Claims

1. A submersible fish lock, mainly comprising a fish lock chamber, an inspection lock gate, a working lock gate, an air hole, a manhole, a drainage device and a pipeline; characterized in that: The maintenance gate is divided into an upstream maintenance gate and a downstream maintenance gate, the working gate is divided into a first working gate and a second working gate, and the fish passing chamber provides a fish passing channel for fish passing objects and is arranged upstream and downstream according to the water flow direction; the fish passing chamber is sequentially provided with the upstream maintenance gate, the first working gate, the second working gate and the downstream maintenance gate from upstream to downstream, the fish passing chamber between the upstream maintenance gate and the first working gate is provided with a ventilation hole, the fish passing chamber between the first working gate and the second working gate is provided with a manhole, drainage equipment and a pipeline, the upstream maintenance gate is placed in the upstream maintenance gate slot, the downstream maintenance gate is placed in the downstream maintenance gate slot, the first working gate is placed in the first working gate slot, and the second working gate is placed in the second working gate slot. The fish passing gate also comprises a fish gate drainage system, which controls the fish gate drainage flow to form a continuous, stable and low-speed water flow in the fish gate, and provides two optional schemes of gate hole arrangement and communication pipe arrangement; as to the gate hole arrangement scheme, small holes are uniformly arranged on the working gate plate, the working gate blocks water and automatically drains water through the small holes, the size and number of the small holes control the drainage flow, and the small holes are designed according to requirements; As to the communication pipe arrangement scheme, a communication pipe is arranged between the upstream and downstream of each working gate, the communication pipe is divided into a communication pipe inlet and a communication pipe outlet, the communication pipe is provided with a communication pipe upper gate valve, and the communication pipe inlet and the communication pipe outlet are respectively provided with a communication pipe inlet grille and a communication pipe outlet grille. When the gate blocks water, the water is drained through the communication pipe, and during the fish passing operation of the fish gate, the fish gate drainage flow is always controlled by the communication pipe at the closed working gate, so that a continuous, stable and low-speed water flow is formed in the fish gate.

2. A fish lock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The submerged fish gate is applied to fish passing periods and non-fish passing periods or maintenance periods; in the fish passing periods, the first working gate and the second working gate are operated, in the non-fish passing periods or the maintenance periods, the upstream maintenance gate and the downstream maintenance gate are operated.

3. A fish lock according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fish passing chamber is a culvert type structure between the inlet and the outlet of the submerged fish gate, is arranged in a dam or combined with a tunnel engineering, or is arranged alone, the fish passing chamber structure is a reinforced concrete or pipe structure, the fish passing chamber adopts pressure water passing, and the inlets and outlets upstream and downstream have a certain submergence depth in the fish passing periods.

4. A fish lock according to claim 3, characterized in that: The working gate is a gate for starting and stopping the fish passing operation of the fish gate, adopts two gates in series, is divided into a first working gate and a second working gate, and the working gate or additional working gates are arranged according to requirements to form a multi-stage fish gate, and the top of the working gate should be lower than the lowest water level downstream in the fish passing periods.

5. A fish lock according to claim 4, characterized in that: The maintenance gate is a gate for operation in the non-fish passing periods or the maintenance periods of the fish gate, is arranged at the inlets and outlets upstream and downstream of the fish passing chamber, the upstream and downstream maintenance gates are closed at the same time in the maintenance periods, and the upstream maintenance gate is closed to block water in the non-fish passing periods.

6. A fish lock according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ventilation hole is used for air intake when the fish gate is maintained or enters the non-fish passing period, and is used for air exhaust when the fish gate starts to pass fish.

7. A fish lock according to claim 6, characterized in that: The entrance hole, the drainage equipment and the pipeline are used for checking and repairing operation after the upstream and downstream maintenance gates are closed, the fish lock is emptied, the entrance hole is checked and repaired, the fish lock is repaired, the maintenance gate is closed, the fish lock is emptied by using the drainage equipment and the pipeline, and the checking and repairing is completed by opening the entrance hole.

8. A fish lock according to claim 7, characterized in that: The gate is replaced by a valve, the maintenance gate is a maintenance valve, and the working gate is a working valve.

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