New underwater temperature monitoring system and method based on acoustic wave wireless sensing technology

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of real-time temperature monitoring and provides a novel underwater temperature monitoring system and method based on acoustic wave wireless sensing technology. The system comprises: a novel acoustic transducer connected to a terminal via a data transmission module, the novel acoustic transducer comprising an implantable miniature wireless sensor for measuring core temperature and a flexible piezoelectric ceramic transducer for measuring skin temperature; the implantable miniature wireless sensor comprising an interconnected temperature sensor integrated circuit and a lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric transducer; the flexible piezoelectric ceramic transducer converts acoustic wave energy into electrical energy to power the temperature sensor integrated circuit in the implantable miniature wireless sensor. The present invention uses the novel acoustic transducer to collect acoustic measurement data, and through processing using an improved fully convolutional network, achieves reconstruction of core and skin temperature.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of real-time temperature monitoring, and in particular relates to a novel underwater temperature monitoring system and method based on acoustic wave wireless sensing technology. Background Art

[0002] The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] With the exploitation of the ocean's rich mineral resources, underwater engineering construction, and deep-sea scientific research, underwater operations by divers are a crucial means of achieving marine engineering goals. The underwater operating environment is significantly different from that on the surface, presenting numerous challenges. As diving time and depth increase, the threat to divers' lives increases. Existing detection technologies are limited to understanding a diver's condition through diving phones and underwater video recordings. Effective real-time monitoring of a diver's core and skin temperatures is impossible, making underwater operations highly susceptible to accidents. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a new underwater temperature monitoring system and method based on acoustic wave wireless sensing technology. It adopts a new acoustic transducer to measure acoustic data, and realizes the reconstruction of core temperature and skin temperature through processing with an improved fully convolutional network.

[0005] According to some embodiments, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a novel underwater temperature monitoring system based on acoustic wave wireless sensing technology.

[0007] A novel underwater temperature monitoring system based on acoustic wave wireless sensing technology includes: a novel acoustic transducer connected to a terminal via a data transmission module, the novel acoustic transducer including an implantable miniature wireless sensor for measuring core temperature and a flexible piezoelectric ceramic transducer for measuring skin temperature;

[0008] The implantable micro wireless sensor (referred to as microparticle) includes a temperature sensor integrated circuit and a lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric transducer connected to each other;

[0009] The flexible piezoelectric ceramic transducer converts acoustic wave energy into electrical energy to power the temperature sensor integrated circuit in the implantable micro wireless sensor;

[0010] The novel acoustic transducer transmits the acoustic measurement data to the terminal via the transmission module, so that the terminal can reconstruct the core temperature and the skin temperature.

[0011] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a novel underwater temperature monitoring method based on acoustic wave wireless sensing technology.

[0012] A new underwater temperature monitoring method based on acoustic wave wireless sensing technology includes:

[0013] Acoustic detection data is acquired and an improved fully convolutional network is used to obtain reconstructed core temperature and skin temperature;

[0014] The process of the improved fully convolutional network is as follows: a convolution operation is performed on the input acoustic detection data to obtain a feature map, and in the convolution operation of the encoder path, the feature map size decreases as the number of channels increases; the feature map extracted by the encoder is amplified by the corresponding decoder using a transposed convolution layer, and in the convolution operation of the decoder path, the feature map size increases as the number of channels decreases; the extracted feature map is fully connected with the core temperature and skin temperature using a fully convolutional layer to obtain a nonlinear relationship between the acoustic detection data and the core temperature and skin temperature, so as to reconstruct the core temperature and skin temperature.

[0015] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium.

[0016] A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that when the program is executed by a processor, the steps of the novel underwater temperature monitoring method based on acoustic wave wireless sensing technology as described in the second aspect above are implemented.

[0017] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a computer device.

[0018] A computer device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the program, the steps of the novel underwater temperature monitoring method based on acoustic wave wireless sensing technology as described in the second aspect above are implemented.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The present invention uses a new acoustic transducer to collect acoustic data, and then processes it through an improved fully convolutional network to reconstruct core temperature and skin temperature.

[0021] 2. The implantable micro-ultrasonic wireless sensors designed by the present invention realize smaller, lighter and lower-energy wireless particles; the extreme miniaturization achieved through monolithic integration will allow them to be implanted into divers using non-invasive procedures, which will improve biocompatibility and reduce foreign body reactions.

[0022] 3. The flexible piezoelectric ceramic transducer designed in the present invention is manufactured by a filling method and has good dynamic response and high precision.

[0023] 4. The improved fully convolutional network adopted in the present invention has the ability to automatically extract useful features and realize real-time temperature reconstruction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0025] Figure 1 1 is a structural diagram of a novel underwater temperature monitoring system based on acoustic wave wireless sensing technology shown in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the novel acoustic transducer used in the present invention for monitoring body temperature;

[0027] Figure 3 is a circuit diagram of an implantable miniature ultrasonic wireless sensor according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is an architecture diagram of the improved fully convolutional network shown in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0030] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0031] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0032] In the present invention, terms such as "connected" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly to mean a fixed connection, an integral connection, or a detachable connection; a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary. Relevant researchers or technicians in this field may determine the specific meanings of these terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances, and they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] This embodiment provides a novel underwater temperature monitoring system based on acoustic wave wireless sensing technology.

[0035] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 As shown, a new underwater temperature monitoring system based on acoustic wave wireless sensing technology includes: a new acoustic transducer, the new ultrasonic transducer is connected to a terminal via a data transmission module, and the new acoustic transducer includes an implantable miniature ultrasonic wireless sensor for measuring core temperature and a flexible piezoelectric ceramic transducer for measuring skin temperature;

[0036] The implantable micro wireless sensor (referred to as microparticle) includes a temperature sensor integrated circuit and a lead zirconate titanate (PZT) piezoelectric transducer connected to each other;

[0037] The flexible piezoelectric ceramic transducer converts acoustic wave energy into electrical energy to power the temperature sensor integrated circuit (IC) in the implantable miniature wireless sensor;

[0038] The novel acoustic transducer sends the measurement data to the terminal via the transmission module, so that the terminal can reconstruct the core temperature and skin temperature.

[0039] The flexible piezoelectric ceramic transducer is attached to the body surface and transmits the sound wave energy to the particles. The particles are converted into electrical energy by the PZT piezoelectric transducer to power the IC wirelessly.

[0040] As one or more embodiments, Figure 3 As shown in Figure 1, the IC includes a rectifier, a voltage regulator, a temperature sensor, a level shifter, and a backscatter modulator. The rectifier converts the acoustic energy collected from the PZT piezoelectric transducer into a supply voltage, which is then fed into the voltage regulator. The regulator's output then powers the temperature sensor. In this oscillator-based temperature sensing, temperature changes cause changes in the oscillation frequency. The temperature-dependent oscillator's output is fed to the level shifter to drive the backscatter modulator. The modulated acoustic echo transmits temperature change information back to the PZT piezoelectric transducer via backscattering.

[0041] Finally, the sound waves carrying the temperature change information are transmitted back to the external transducer through the PZT piezoelectric transducer to achieve temperature monitoring.

[0042] As one or more implementation methods, the data transmission module includes a monitoring board arranged on the waterproof box, a first Bluetooth module arranged on the buoy, and a second Bluetooth module arranged on the terminal; the buoy will float on the water surface.

[0043] The Bluetooth module will show potential for data transmission between underwater sensor devices, computers and the diving surface.

[0044] The first Bluetooth module requires a cable to connect to the underwater sensor device, which includes a monitoring board. The monitoring board features synchronous, asynchronous, transmitter, and receiver interfaces, and a new serial interface was designed by modifying the connections between the transceiver chips. The first Bluetooth module receives all measurement data using the cable and then transmits the data to the second Bluetooth module in a computer in an open water environment. Compared to wired connections, the Bluetooth module significantly reduces safety risks.

[0045] In one or more embodiments, the novel acoustic transducer outputs the core temperature and skin temperature in the form of acoustic detection data to a monitoring board, and the monitoring board sends the acoustic energy data to a first Bluetooth module via serial communication, and the first Bluetooth module sends the acoustic energy data to a second Bluetooth module via Bluetooth transmission.

[0046] As one or more implementation modes, the implantable micro wireless sensor is implanted in the human body, and a piezoelectric transducer is selected in the implantable micro wireless sensor because it has low cost, excellent piezoelectric properties, and can improve energy conversion efficiency.

[0047] As one or more implementation modes, the flexible piezoelectric ceramic transducer is attached to the skin surface to measure the skin temperature, so as to overcome the problem of poor surface adhesion of existing piezoelectric ceramic transducers.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] This embodiment provides a novel underwater temperature monitoring method based on acoustic wave wireless sensing technology.

[0050] A new underwater temperature monitoring method based on acoustic wave wireless sensing technology includes:

[0051] Acoustic detection data is obtained and an improved fully convolutional network (IFCN) is used to obtain reconstructed core temperature and skin temperature.

[0052] In the IFCN architecture, the number of acoustic emitters is used as the number of channels in the input data. The entire IFCN architecture consists of two parts: encoding and decoding. The convolutional layers use the Reluctant Unit (ReLU) activation function. During the encoder process (i.e., downsampling), multiple layers of convolution are performed, including a convolution layer that changes the number of channels and a convolution layer that changes the size of the acoustic detection data. First, a convolution operation is performed on the input acoustic detection data to generate a feature map. During the convolution operation in the encoder path, the feature map size decreases as the number of channels increases. Subsequently, the feature map extracted by the encoder is amplified (i.e., upsampling) by the corresponding decoder using a transposed convolution layer. During the convolution operation in the decoder path, the feature map size increases as the number of channels decreases. After the convolution process, a cropping process is added after the last feature map (to maintain the consistency of model size). The extracted feature map is then fully connected with two temperatures (core temperature and skin temperature) using a fully convolutional layer.

[0053] like Figure 4 As shown in the figure, conv, BN, ReLU, transpose conv and crop represent convolution, batch normalization, rectified linear unit, transposed convolution and cropping processes respectively, and a×b and c×d represent convolution kernels of different sizes.

[0054] The IFCN includes an encoder and a decoder, wherein the encoder includes a convolutional layer, batch normalization, and a ReLU function, and the decoder includes a transposed convolutional layer, batch normalization, and a ReLU function.

[0055] During the training process of the method, the IFCN will build a nonlinear mapping from the measured acoustic wave data (input) to the corresponding temperature distribution (output). During the prediction process, the trained network obtained from the training process is used to reconstruct the temperature directly from the new measured acoustic data of the diver.

[0056] Compared with the conventional fully convolutional network (FCN) used to achieve single-channel output, IFCN uses a new algorithm architecture to achieve the output of two temperatures: human core temperature and skin temperature.

[0057] T c,s =(d;Θ)

[0058] Where, T c and T s represents the human core temperature and skin temperature (two-channel output), f represents the improved fully convolutional network (IFCN), d represents the measured sound wave data (input), and Θ represents the learning parameters of IFCN, including weights and biases.

[0059] Example 3

[0060] This embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium.

[0061] A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that when the program is executed by a processor, the steps of the novel underwater temperature monitoring method based on acoustic wave wireless sensing technology as described in the second embodiment above are implemented.

[0062] Example 4

[0063] This embodiment provides a computer device.

[0064] A computer device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the program, the steps of the novel underwater temperature monitoring method based on acoustic wave wireless sensing technology as described in the second embodiment are implemented.

[0065] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A new underwater temperature monitoring system based on acoustic wave wireless sensing technology, characterized by: include: A novel acoustic transducer, connected to a terminal via a data transmission module, comprising an implantable miniature wireless sensor for measuring core temperature and a flexible piezoelectric ceramic transducer for measuring skin temperature; The implantable micro wireless sensor includes a temperature sensor integrated circuit and a lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric transducer connected to each other; The flexible piezoelectric ceramic transducer converts acoustic wave energy into electrical energy to power the temperature sensor integrated circuit in the implantable micro wireless sensor; The novel acoustic transducer transmits the acoustic measurement data to the terminal via the transmission module, so that the terminal can reconstruct the core temperature and the skin temperature; The temperature sensor integrated circuit includes a rectifier, a voltage regulator, a temperature sensor, a level converter, and a backscatter modulator connected in sequence; the rectifier is used to convert the acoustic wave energy collected from the lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric transducer into a power supply voltage, which is then fed into the voltage regulator. The output of the voltage regulator powers the temperature sensor, and the temperature sensor output is sent to the level converter to drive the backscatter modulator. The modulated acoustic wave echo transmits temperature change information back to the lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric transducer through backscattering; The novel acoustic transducer outputs core temperature and skin temperature to the monitoring board in the form of acoustic detection data; Acoustic detection data is acquired and an improved fully convolutional network is used to obtain reconstructed core temperature and skin temperature; Where, and Represents the core temperature and skin temperature of the human body, Represents an improved fully convolutional network; represents the measured sound wave data, Represents the learning parameters of IFCN, including weights and biases.

2. The novel underwater temperature monitoring system based on acoustic wave wireless sensing technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The data transmission module includes a monitoring board arranged on the waterproof box, a first Bluetooth module arranged on the buoy, and a second Bluetooth module arranged on the terminal.

3. The novel underwater temperature monitoring system based on acoustic wave wireless sensing technology according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The monitoring board sends the acoustic detection data to the first Bluetooth module via serial communication, and the first Bluetooth module sends the acoustic detection data to the second Bluetooth module via Bluetooth transmission.

4. The novel underwater temperature monitoring system based on acoustic wave wireless sensing technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The implantable micro wireless sensor is implanted in the human body.

5. The novel underwater temperature monitoring system based on acoustic wave wireless sensing technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The flexible piezoelectric ceramic transducer is attached to the skin surface.

6. A novel underwater temperature monitoring method based on acoustic wave wireless sensing technology, applied to a novel underwater temperature monitoring system based on acoustic wave wireless sensing technology as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: include: Acoustic detection data is obtained and an improved fully convolutional network is used to obtain reconstructed core temperature and skin temperature; The process of the improved fully convolutional network is as follows: a convolution operation is performed on the input acoustic detection data to obtain a feature map, and in the convolution operation of the encoder path, the feature map size decreases as the number of channels increases; the feature map extracted by the encoder is amplified by the corresponding decoder using a transposed convolution layer, and in the convolution operation of the decoder path, the feature map size increases as the number of channels decreases; The extracted feature map is fully connected with the core temperature and skin temperature using a fully convolutional layer to obtain the nonlinear relationship between the acoustic detection data and the core temperature and skin temperature, so as to reconstruct the core temperature and skin temperature.

7. The novel underwater temperature monitoring method based on acoustic wave wireless sensing technology according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The improved fully convolutional network includes: an encoder and a decoder, the encoder includes a convolutional layer, batch normalization and a ReLU function, and the decoder includes a transposed convolutional layer, batch normalization and a ReLU function.

8. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the program is executed by a processor, the steps of the novel underwater temperature monitoring method based on acoustic wave wireless sensing technology as described in any one of claims 6 to 7 are implemented.

9. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein: When the processor executes the program, the steps of the novel underwater temperature monitoring method based on acoustic wave wireless sensing technology are implemented as described in any one of claims 6 to 7.

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