A similarity simulation test bench for the stiffness coupling of a hydraulic support and surrounding rock system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a similarity simulation test bench for the stiffness coupling of a hydraulic support and surrounding rock system, which relates to the technical field of mine simulation experiments. The test bench includes a base, an experimental box, a hydraulic support, a first pressure sensing component, a stope surrounding rock, a main roof, a goaf simulation mechanism, and a top loading mechanism. The stope surrounding rock includes a floor, a coal wall, and a immediate roof arranged in sequence from bottom to top. The first pressure sensing component is arranged at the top of the hydraulic support. The goaf simulation mechanism includes a plurality of simulation components arranged in sequence from front to back. Each simulation component includes a support column, an elastic component, and a second pressure sensing component. The main roof includes a first substrate and a second substrate. Each connecting plate at one end of the second substrate is slidably sleeved on a support column. The top loading mechanism is used to apply pressure to the main roof. This similarity simulation test bench can study the movement state of the main roof, the failure modes of the coal wall and the immediate roof, and the mutual influence relationship between the stiffnesses of each component under different stiffness combinations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mine simulation experiments, and particularly to a similarity simulation test bench for the stiffness coupling of a hydraulic support and surrounding rock system. Background Art

[0002] With the development of society and the continuous increase in energy consumption, coal consumption has an absolute advantage. In recent years, with the continuous progress of equipment technology, the mining height of coal mining faces has become larger and larger. As a result, the rib spalling of the working face coal wall has become more and more serious, and the phenomenon of dynamic roof load impact has become more obvious. Controlling rib spalling has become the main technical problem in large mining height working faces. At present, scholars generally believe that increasing the stiffness of hydraulic supports can effectively control rib spalling. However, the control effect of hydraulic supports on rib spalling is closely related to the stiffness of the surrounding rock in the stope. The surrounding rock in the stope includes four parts: the floor, the coal wall, the immediate roof, and the goaf. At present, there is no test bench that can completely simulate the components of the surrounding rock. Especially for the goaf, the coupling relationship between the stiffnesses of each component cannot be analyzed and studied. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a similarity simulation test bench for the stiffness coupling of a hydraulic support and surrounding rock system, which completely includes all systems of the surrounding rock in the stope and can study the movement state of the main roof, the failure modes of the coal wall and the immediate roof, and the mutual influence relationship between the stiffnesses of each component under different stiffness combinations.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0005] The present invention provides a similarity simulation test bench for the stiffness coupling of a hydraulic support and surrounding rock system, which includes a base, a test box, a hydraulic support, a first pressure sensing component, a stope surrounding rock, a main roof, a goaf simulation mechanism, and a top loading mechanism. The test box includes a first box body and a second box body. The first box body is arranged on the base, and the top, bottom, and one side of the first box body are all open structures. One end of the second box body is detachably connected to the top of the first box body. The stope surrounding rock is arranged in the first box body, and the stope surrounding rock includes a floor, a coal wall, and a direct roof arranged in sequence from bottom to top. Both the floor and the direct roof extend outward relative to one side of the coal wall. The hydraulic support is used to be arranged on the floor and below the direct roof, and the first pressure sensing component is arranged on the top of the hydraulic support. The goaf simulation mechanism includes a plurality of simulation components arranged in sequence from front to back. The simulation component includes a support column, an elastic component, and a second pressure sensing component. The lower end of each support column is used to be fixed on the base, and the upper end of each support column is used to be fixed on one end of the second box body away from the first box body. The second pressure sensing component and the elastic component are sleeved on the support column in sequence. The main roof is arranged above the direct roof, and the main roof includes a first base plate and a second base plate. The first base plate is arranged on one side of the direct roof away from the goaf simulation mechanism, and the second base plate is arranged on one side of the direct roof close to the goaf simulation mechanism. The second base plate is inclined downward from the end close to the first base plate to the end close to the goaf simulation mechanism, and a plurality of connecting plates are arranged on the side of the second base plate away from the first base plate. Each connecting plate is slidably sleeved on one support column and above one elastic component. The top loading mechanism is arranged on the second box body, and the top loading mechanism is used to apply pressure to the main roof.

[0006] Preferably, the hydraulic support includes a bottom support plate, side guard plates, a top support plate, and a hydraulic support component. One side of the bottom support plate and the top support plate is connected through the side guard plates. The hydraulic support component is arranged between the bottom support plate and the top support plate, and the first pressure sensing component is arranged on the upper surface of the top support plate.

[0007] Preferably, it further includes a distance measuring component. The distance measuring component is arranged on the bottom support plate, and the distance measuring component is used to measure the distance between the top support plate and the bottom support plate.

[0008] Preferably, the side guard plate includes a first inclined plate and a second inclined plate connected at one end. The upper end of the first inclined plate is connected to the top support plate, and the lower end of the second inclined plate is connected to the bottom support plate.

[0009] Preferably, the hydraulic support includes a plurality of hydraulic support components, and the arrangement direction of the plurality of hydraulic support components is the same as the arrangement direction of the plurality of simulation components. The hydraulic support component is a hydraulic jack; a plurality of the hydraulic supports are provided, and the arrangement direction of the plurality of hydraulic supports is the same as the arrangement direction of the plurality of simulation components.

[0010] Preferably, the top loading mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder, a pressure plate, and a water bag. The cylinder block of the hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the second box body, the lower end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the pressure plate, and the water bag is arranged between the pressure plate and the main roof.

[0011] Preferably, the second box body includes an upper cover plate and a side shell. The top, bottom, and one side of the side shell are all open structures. The side shell is fixed to one side of the lower part of the upper cover plate, and the other side of the lower part of the upper cover plate is detachably connected to the top of the first box body. The upper ends of the support columns are all used to be fixed on the upper cover plate.

[0012] Preferably, the floor, the coal wall, and the immediate roof are all made of a mixture of sand, cement, lime, and gypsum.

[0013] Preferably, the first pressure sensing component is a first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensing component is a second pressure sensor, the elastic component is a spring, and the ranging component is a laser rangefinder.

[0014] The present invention has achieved the following technical effects compared with the prior art:

[0015] The similarity simulation test bench for the stiffness coupling of the hydraulic support and surrounding rock system of the present invention. The stope surrounding rock includes a floor, a coal wall, and an immediate roof arranged in sequence from bottom to top. The first pressure sensing component is arranged on the top of the hydraulic support; the goaf simulation mechanism includes a plurality of simulation components arranged in sequence from front to back. The simulation component includes a support column, an elastic component, and a second pressure sensing component; the main roof includes a first substrate and a second substrate. Each connecting plate at one end of the second substrate is slidably sleeved on a support column, and the top loading mechanism is used to apply pressure to the main roof. In the present invention, hydraulic supports with different stiffnesses can be used, and floors, coal walls, and immediate roofs with different stiffnesses can also be used to simulate stope surrounding rocks with different stiffnesses. By replacing elastic components with different stiffnesses, goafs with different stiffnesses can be simulated. It can be seen that this test bench completely includes each system of the stope surrounding rock and can study the movement state of the main roof, the failure modes of the coal wall and the immediate roof, and the mutual influence relationship between the stiffnesses of each component under different stiffness combinations in the fully mechanized coal mining face. Based on the consideration of ensuring the integrity of the coal wall and the immediate roof, the stiffness combination of the support and surrounding rock with the most complete coal wall failure is obtained, so as to guide the selection of hydraulic supports in the actual production process. Description of the Drawings

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a similarity simulation test bench for the stiffness coupling of a hydraulic support and surrounding rock system provided by the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the similarity simulation test bench for the stiffness coupling of a hydraulic support and surrounding rock system provided by the present invention after removing the first box body and the second box body;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first box body in the similarity simulation test bench for the stiffness coupling of a hydraulic support and surrounding rock system provided by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the second box body in the similarity simulation test bench for the stiffness coupling of a hydraulic support and surrounding rock system provided by the present invention.

[0021] Explanation of reference numerals: 100, similarity simulation test bench for the stiffness coupling of a hydraulic support and surrounding rock system; 1, base; 2, first box body; 3, second box body; 31, upper cover plate; 32, side shell; 4, bottom plate; 5, coal wall; 6, immediate roof; 7, hydraulic support; 71, bottom support plate; 72, side guard plate; 73, top support plate; 74, hydraulic support component; 8, first substrate; 9, second substrate; 10, connecting plate; 11, support column; 12, second pressure sensing component; 13, elastic component; 14, hydraulic cylinder; 15, pressure plate; 16, water bag. Detailed implementation manners

[0022] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a similarity simulation test bench for the stiffness coupling of a hydraulic support and surrounding rock system, which completely includes various systems of the stope surrounding rock, and can study the movement state of the main roof, the failure modes of the coal wall and the immediate roof, and the mutual influence relationship between the stiffnesses of each component under different stiffness combinations.

[0024] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] As Figures 1 - 4 shown, this embodiment provides a similarity simulation test bench 1 for the stiffness coupling of a hydraulic support 7 and a surrounding rock system, including a base 1, an experimental box, a hydraulic support 7, a first pressure sensing component, a stope surrounding rock, a main roof, a goaf simulation mechanism, and a top loading mechanism. The experimental box includes a first box body 2 and a second box body 3. The first box body 2 is arranged on the base 1. The top, bottom, and one side of the first box body 2 are all open structures, that is, a first side opening is formed on the first box body 2, and the first side opening faces to the right. In this embodiment, the bottom of the first box body 2 is fixed on the base 1, and one end of the second box body 3 is detachably connected to the top of the first box body 2; the stope surrounding rock is arranged in the first box body 2. The stope surrounding rock includes a floor 4, a coal wall 5, and a direct roof 6 arranged in sequence from bottom to top. The floor 4 is laid on the base 1, and both the floor 4 and the direct roof 6 extend outward relative to one side of the coal wall 5. Specifically, both the floor 4 and the direct roof 6 extend to the outside relative to the first side opening. The direct roof 6 is horizontally arranged on the side above the coal wall 5, and the side of the direct roof 6 extending relative to the coal wall 5 is inclined downward. The hydraulic support 7 is used to be arranged on the floor 4 and below the direct roof 6. The first pressure sensing component is arranged on the top of the hydraulic support 7, and the first pressure sensing component is used to monitor the force on the hydraulic support 7.

[0026] The goaf simulation mechanism includes a plurality of simulation components arranged in sequence from front to back. The simulation component includes a support column 11, an elastic component 13, and a second pressure sensing component 12. The lower ends of the support columns 11 are all used to be fixed on the base 1, and the upper ends of the support columns 11 are all used to be fixed on the end of the second box body 3 far from the first box body 2. The second pressure sensing component 12 and the elastic component 13 are sleeved on the support column 11 in sequence. The second pressure sensing component 12 is used to measure the force on the goaf. The goaf of the coal mining face is simulated by the support column 11 plus the elastic component 13, and different stiffness goafs can be simulated by replacing the elastic components 13 with different stiffnesses. The main roof is arranged above the immediate roof 6. The main roof includes a first base plate 8 and a second base plate 9. The first base plate 8 is arranged on the side of the immediate roof 6 far from the goaf simulation mechanism, that is, the first base plate 8 is located above the horizontally arranged side of the immediate roof 6. The second base plate 9 is arranged on the side of the immediate roof 6 close to the goaf simulation mechanism, that is, the second base plate 9 is arranged above the inclined side of the immediate roof 6. The second base plate 9 is inclined downward from the end close to the first base plate 8 to the end close to the goaf simulation mechanism, and a plurality of connecting plates 10 are arranged on the side of the second base plate 9 far from the first base plate 8. Each connecting plate 10 is slidably sleeved on a support column 11 and is located above an elastic component 13. A through hole is arranged on each connecting plate 10, and the connecting plate 10 is sleeved on the support column 11 through the through hole. The top loading mechanism is arranged on the second box body 3, and the top loading mechanism is used to apply pressure to the main roof. After pressurization, under the action of the upper pressure, the second base plate 9 sinks and rotates, compressing the elastic component 13 in the goaf to contract. The elastic component 13 squeezes the second pressure sensing component 12, and then the force on the goaf is measured.

[0027] The hydraulic support 7 includes a bottom support plate 71, a side guard plate 72, a top support plate 73, and a hydraulic support component 74. One side of the bottom support plate 71 and the top support plate 73 is connected by the side guard plate 72. The top support plate 73 and the bottom support plate 71 are both horizontally arranged. The hydraulic support component 74 is arranged between the bottom support plate 71 and the top support plate 73. The first pressure sensing component is arranged on the upper surface of the top support plate 73. Different stiffness hydraulic supports 7 can be simulated by replacing the hydraulic support components 74 with different diameters. To facilitate the replacement of the hydraulic support component 74, the hydraulic support component 74 is not fixedly connected to other components and is only simply placed on the bottom support plate 71. The upper part of the hydraulic support component 74 directly supports the top support plate 73. When replacing, the hydraulic support component 74 can be directly taken out and replaced.

[0028] In this embodiment, a ranging component is further included. The ranging component is arranged on the bottom support plate 71, and the ranging component is used to measure the distance between the top support plate 73 and the bottom support plate 71.

[0029] The side guard plate 72 includes a first inclined plate and a second inclined plate connected at one end. The upper end of the first inclined plate is connected to the top support plate 73, and the lower end of the second inclined plate is connected to the bottom support plate 71. After pressurization, under the action of the upper pressure, the top support plate 73 is pressured to move downward while maintaining a horizontal state. The bending connection between the first inclined plate and the second inclined plate is further bent. After being stressed, the distance between the top support plate 73 and the bottom support plate 71 decreases. The distance between the two after being stressed can be measured by the distance measuring component, and the downward movement distance of the top support plate 73, that is, the compression amount of the hydraulic support 7, can be obtained by combining the distance between the two before being stressed.

[0030] The hydraulic support 7 includes a plurality of hydraulic support components 74, and the arrangement direction of the plurality of hydraulic support components 74 is the same as the arrangement direction of the plurality of simulation components, that is, arranged in sequence from front to back. The hydraulic support component 74 is a hydraulic jack. The stiffness of hydraulic jacks with different diameters is different, and the stiffness of hydraulic jacks with different diameters can be measured by a uniaxial compression test before the experiment. A plurality of hydraulic supports 7 are provided, and the arrangement direction of the plurality of hydraulic supports 7 is the same as the arrangement direction of the plurality of simulation components, that is, arranged in sequence from front to back.

[0031] The top loading mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder 14, a pressure plate 15 and a water bag 16. The cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 14 is fixed on the second box body 3, the lower end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 14 is connected to the pressure plate 15, and the water bag 16 is arranged between the pressure plate 15 and the main roof. In this embodiment, there are four parallel piston rods below the hydraulic cylinder 14. During the experiment, the pressure plate 15 is lowered by the elongation of the four piston rods at the top. The pressure plate 15 descends to squeeze the water bag 16, and the water bag 16 converts the upper load into a uniform load and loads it onto the lower main roof, thereby completing the uniform loading process of the test bench.

[0032] The second box body 3 includes an upper cover plate 31 and a side shell 32. The top, bottom and one side of the side shell 32 are all open structures, that is, a second side opening is formed on the side shell 32, and the second side opening faces the left side. The side shell 32 is fixed to one side of the lower part of the upper cover plate 31, and the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 14 is fixed to the lower surface of the upper cover plate 31. The other side of the lower part of the upper cover plate 31 is detachably connected to the top of the first box body 2, and the upper ends of the support columns 11 are all used to be fixed on the upper cover plate 31. Specifically, the upper cover plate 31 is fixed to the top of the first box body 2 by a plurality of first screws, and each support column 11 is fixed to the upper cover plate 31 by a second screw. The second box body 3 is easy to disassemble. During the experiment, the second box body 3 can be disassembled first to facilitate the laying of the stope surrounding rock, the main roof and the water bag 16 in sequence. After laying, the upper cover plate 31 installed with the hydraulic cylinder 14 is fixed to the first box body 2, and the upper ends of the support columns 11 are fixed to the upper cover plate 31.

[0033] The floor 4, the coal wall 5, and the immediate roof 6 are all made of a mixture of sand, cement, lime, and gypsum. The ratios of sand, cement, lime, and gypsum in the floor 4, the coal wall 5, and the immediate roof 6 are different. The stiffness of the similar materials under different ratios is tested in advance. During the experiment, the similar materials can be proportioned according to the desired surrounding rock stiffness to simulate different surrounding rock stiffnesses.

[0034] The first pressure sensing component is the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensing component 12 is the second pressure sensor, the elastic component 13 is a spring, and the ranging component is a laser rangefinder.

[0035] The specific usage process is as follows: Step 1. Each time an experiment is conducted, first determine the stiffness of each component for this experiment. The gob is simulated by replacing springs with different stiffnesses, the hydraulic support 7 is simulated by replacing hydraulic jacks with different diameters, and the surrounding rock of the stope is simulated by similar materials with different ratios.

[0036] Step 2. After selecting the experimental materials, first lay the floor 4, the coal wall 5, and the immediate roof 6 with different thicknesses according to the experimental design plan; then place the hydraulic support 7 on the floor 4 and on the right side of the coal wall 5, and place the first pressure sensor above the hydraulic support 7. Slip the selected spring over the support column 11; then place the first substrate 8 and the second substrate 9 on the left and right sides respectively above the immediate roof 6. The connecting plate 10 on the right side of the second substrate 9 is sleeved on the support column 11 in the gob and is supported by the spring; then place a water bag 16 above the main roof and fill the water bag 16 with water. The upper surface of the water bag 16 contacts the top pressure plate 15. At this time, the similar simulation test bench is built.

[0037] Step 3. After the test bench is built, apply pressure to the pressure plate 15 through the hydraulic cylinder 14, and apply a uniform load to the main roof through the conduction of the water bag 16. The surrounding rock of the stope, the hydraulic support 7, and the spring in the gob are deformed and sink under the action of the top load. The pressure values are measured in real time by the first pressure sensor placed on the hydraulic support 7 and the second pressure sensor placed in the gob, and the distribution relationship of the roof force can be monitored. The coal wall 5 and the immediate roof 6 are deformed and damaged under the action of the load, and the damage degree of the coal wall 5 and the immediate roof 6 is observed in real time.

[0038] Step 4. Through experiments designed with different stiffness combinations, compare the rotational deformation of the main roof, the values of the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor, and the damage conditions of the coal wall 5 and the immediate roof 6. Considering the need to ensure the integrity of the coal wall 5 and the immediate roof 6, obtain the stiffness combination of the support and surrounding rock with the most complete damage to the coal wall 5, so as to guide the selection of the hydraulic support 7 during the actual production process.

[0039] In this embodiment, hydraulic supports 7 with different stiffnesses can be used, and floors 4, coal walls 5, and immediate roofs 6 with different stiffnesses can also be used to simulate the surrounding rocks of the stope with different stiffnesses. By replacing elastic components 13 with different stiffnesses, goafs with different stiffnesses can be simulated. It can be seen that this test bench completely includes various systems of the stope surrounding rocks and can study the movement state of the main roof, the failure modes of the coal wall 5 and the immediate roof 6, and the mutual influence relationship between the stiffnesses of each component under different stiffness combinations in the fully mechanized coal mining face. By adjusting the stiffnesses of each component of the system, analyzing the failure conditions of the coal wall 5 and the immediate roof 6, and the magnitudes and deformations of the roof pressures received by each component, based on the stability control of the coal wall 5 and the immediate roof 6, the optimal coupling relationship of the stiffnesses of each component can be obtained. The test bench structure in this embodiment is complete and easy to operate. It can conveniently change the stiffnesses of the stope surrounding rocks, goafs, and each component of the hydraulic support 7 for experiments, filling the blank of the stiffness simulation experiment of the support surrounding rocks. While comprehensively simulating the stiffness coupling of the stope support surrounding rocks, it simplifies the experimental model and reduces the experimental cost.

[0040] In this specification, specific examples are used to elaborate on the principles and implementation manners of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present invention; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manners and application scopes. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims

1. A similarity simulation test bench for the stiffness coupling of a hydraulic support and surrounding rock system, characterized in that It includes a base, an experimental box, a hydraulic support, a first pressure sensing component, a stope surrounding rock, a main roof, a goaf simulation mechanism and a top loading mechanism. The experimental box includes a first box body and a second box body. The first box body is arranged on the base. The top, bottom and one side of the first box body are all open structures. One end of the second box body is detachably connected to the top of the first box body. The stope surrounding rock is arranged in the first box body. The stope surrounding rock includes a floor, a coal wall and a immediate roof arranged in sequence from bottom to top. Both the floor and the immediate roof extend outward relative to one side of the coal wall. The hydraulic support is used to be arranged on the floor and below the immediate roof. The first pressure sensing component is arranged on the top of the hydraulic support. The goaf simulation mechanism includes a plurality of simulation components arranged in sequence from front to back. The simulation component includes a support column, an elastic component and a second pressure sensing component. The lower end of each support column is used to be fixed on the base, and the upper end of each support column is used to be fixed on one end of the second box body far from the first box body. The second pressure sensing component and the elastic component are sleeved on the support column in sequence. The main roof is arranged above the immediate roof. The main roof includes a first substrate and a second substrate. The first substrate is arranged on the side of the immediate roof far from the goaf simulation mechanism, and the second substrate is arranged on the side of the immediate roof close to the goaf simulation mechanism. The second substrate is inclined downward from the end close to the first substrate to the end close to the goaf simulation mechanism, and a plurality of connecting plates are arranged on the side of the second substrate far from the first substrate. Each connecting plate is slidably sleeved on a support column and above an elastic component. The top loading mechanism is arranged on the second box body, and the top loading mechanism is used to apply pressure to the main roof.

2. The similarity simulation test bench for the stiffness coupling of the hydraulic support and surrounding rock system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydraulic support includes a bottom support plate, a side guard plate, a top support plate and a hydraulic support component. One side of the bottom support plate and the top support plate is connected by the side guard plate. The hydraulic support component is arranged between the bottom support plate and the top support plate. The first pressure sensing component is arranged on the upper surface of the top support plate.

3. The similar simulation test bench for the stiffness coupling of the hydraulic support and surrounding rock system according to claim 2, characterized in that, It further includes a ranging component. The ranging component is arranged on the bottom support plate, and the ranging component is used to measure the distance between the top support plate and the bottom support plate.

4. The similarity simulation test bench for the stiffness coupling of the hydraulic support and surrounding rock system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The side guard plate includes a first inclined plate and a second inclined plate connected at one end. The upper end of the first inclined plate is connected to the top support plate, and the lower end of the second inclined plate is connected to the bottom support plate.

5. The similar simulation test bench for the stiffness coupling of the hydraulic support and surrounding rock system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The hydraulic support includes a plurality of hydraulic support components, and the arrangement direction of the plurality of hydraulic support components is the same as the arrangement direction of the plurality of simulation components. The hydraulic support component is a hydraulic jack. A plurality of hydraulic supports are arranged, and the arrangement direction of the plurality of hydraulic supports is the same as the arrangement direction of the plurality of simulation components.

6. The similarity simulation test bench for the stiffness coupling of the hydraulic support and surrounding rock system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top loading mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder, a pressure plate and a water bag. The cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the second box body, the lower end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is connected with the pressure plate, and the water bag is arranged between the pressure plate and the basic roof.

7. The similar simulation test bench for the stiffness coupling of the hydraulic support and surrounding rock system according to claim 6, characterized in that The second box body includes an upper cover plate and a side shell. The top, bottom and one side of the side shell are all open structures. The side shell is fixed on one side of the lower part of the upper cover plate, and the other side of the lower part of the upper cover plate is detachably connected to the top of the first box body. The upper ends of the support columns are all used to be fixed on the upper cover plate.

8. The similarity simulation test bench for the stiffness coupling of the hydraulic support and surrounding rock system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The floor, the coal wall and the immediate roof are all made of a mixture of sand, cement, lime and gypsum.

9. The similar simulation test bench for the stiffness coupling of the hydraulic support and surrounding rock system according to claim 3, characterized in that The first pressure sensing component is a first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensing component is a second pressure sensor, the elastic component is a spring, and the distance measuring component is a laser rangefinder.

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