Multi-azimuth radial five-dimensional regular processing method and device for pre-stack AVO

Abstract

The application provides a multi-azimuth radial five-dimensional regular processing method and device for pre-stack AVO. According to the application, a multi-azimuth radial observation system based on bin center points is established by searching, based on each CMP point in a work area, data of all different azimuth angles and different offset distances which contribute to the CMP point, and interpolation is carried out based on the multi-azimuth radial observation system, so that shot points and geophones are uniformly distributed at different offset distances, thereby missing information is supplemented, near-offset information is recovered, pre-stack AVO characteristics are recovered, and reliable data guarantee is provided for pre-stack inversion and reservoir prediction.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of seismic data processing of land seismic exploration, and more particularly to a multi-azimuth radial five-dimensional regular processing method and device for pre-stack AVO. BACKGROUND

[0002] Currently, a common beam-shaped observation system is used for acquisition. The observation system has a problem of insufficient near-offset information, which leads to low pre-stack near-offset signal-to-noise ratio, weak energy, poor continuity of events, unclear wave group characteristics, and unreliable and unusable near-offset information. The development of seismic interpretation has gone from post-stack to pre-stack, and the deficiencies in acquisition and processing technology have set obstacles for interpretation work.

[0003] Five-dimensional interpolation technology can compensate for this deficiency to some extent. Spitz (1991) first interpolated and reconstructed the hollow area, but it was difficult to process irregular data. Xu (2005, 2010) proposed an anti-leakage Fourier transform method for irregular data, which was then extended to high dimensions and applied to the wide-azimuth area in the Gulf of Mexico with good results. P.M.Zwartjes (2007) further studied irregular sampling and sparse sampling seismic data based on Xu's method and proposed using the Fourier spectrum coefficient at the low-frequency end as a prior model to remove high-frequency false frequencies. By then, the five-dimensional interpolation technology for irregular and sparse sampling data had become mature and was commercially available.

[0004] However, in addition to the interpolation algorithm, the interpolation target observation system also directly and significantly affects the seismic data processing effect. The interpolation target observation system currently used is designed according to the regularization of the original acquisition observation system, and the migration mode uses OVT (wide-azimuth vector offset) domain migration containing azimuth information. This brings two problems:

[0005] 1. The observation system is still a beam-shaped observation system, and the problem of insufficient near-offset information still exists;

[0006] 2. The OVT domain migration comes from similar offset distances and similar azimuth information, and the offset distance and azimuth are still changing, affecting the imaging effect.

[0007] Therefore, an interpolation target observation system and migration mode are needed that can fully compensate for near-offset information, realize that the input data for migration come from the same offset and the same azimuth, and ensure that the pre-stack CRP gather after migration has the maximum degree of AVO (Amplitude variation with offset) preservation and high-quality imaging. SUMMARY

[0008] Therefore, the application provides a technical scheme capable of fully compensating near offset information and ensuring that post-offset pre-stack CRP (common reflection point) gathers can preserve AVO to the maximum extent, so as to obtain high-quality imaging.

[0009] According to an aspect of the application, a pre-stack AVO-oriented multi-azimuth radial five-dimensional regular processing method is provided, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0010] Step 1: For each common midpoint in the work area, search for seismic data of different offsets and different azimuths related to the point in the work area.

[0011] Step 2: For each common midpoint, a multi-azimuth radial observation system based on the common midpoint is established, the multi-azimuth radial observation system comprises a plurality of rays with the common midpoint as the origin, and the plurality of rays are divided into a shot point distribution line and a receiver point distribution line, wherein the shot point distribution line and the receiver point distribution line are symmetrically distributed with the common midpoint.

[0012] Step 3: Based on the searched seismic data, five-dimensional interpolation is performed according to the multi-azimuth radial observation system, so that the shot points are uniformly distributed on the shot point distribution line and the receiver points are uniformly distributed on the receiver point distribution line.

[0013] Step 4: Based on the five-dimensional interpolated data, migration imaging is performed.

[0014] In some embodiments, in step 2, when the multi-azimuth radial observation system is established, the azimuths of the multi-azimuth radial observation system are set based on the principle of full-azimuth coverage and equal-interval division of the azimuths of the searched seismic data.

[0015] In some embodiments, in step 2, when the multi-azimuth radial observation system is established, the number of divided azimuths is determined based on the main azimuth of the work area, the quality and size of the searched seismic data, and the azimuth distribution of the geological target.

[0016] In some embodiments, in step 2, when the multi-azimuth radial observation system is established, the radial radius representing the offset is equally divided.

[0017] In some embodiments, in step 2, the division interval and the number of radial radii are determined based on the maximum and minimum offsets of the searched seismic data.

[0018] In some embodiments, in step 4, when migration imaging is performed based on the five-dimensional interpolated data, the corresponding common offset and common azimuth migration in the multi-azimuth radial observation system is selected.

[0019] According to another aspect of the application, an electronic device is also provided, which comprises:

[0020] a memory storing executable instructions;

[0021] a processor running the executable instructions in the memory to implement the method as described above.

[0022] According to another aspect of the present application, a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program is also provided, the computer program being executed by a processor to implement the method as described above.

[0023] According to another aspect of the present application, a pre-stack AVO oriented multi-azimuth radial five-dimensional regular processing device is also provided, the device comprising:

[0024] a data searching unit configured to search, for each common middle point (CMP) in a work area, seismic data of different offsets and different azimuths related to the CMP in the work area;

[0025] a multi-azimuth radial observation system configured to establish, for each CMP, a multi-azimuth radial observation system based on the CMP, the multi-azimuth radial observation system comprising a plurality of rays with the CMP as the origin, the plurality of rays being divided into a shot point distribution line and a receiver point distribution line, wherein the shot point distribution line and the receiver point distribution line are symmetrically distributed with respect to the CMP;

[0026] a five-dimensional interpolation unit configured to perform five-dimensional interpolation based on the searched seismic data according to the multi-azimuth radial observation system, so that the shot points are uniformly distributed on the shot point distribution line and the receiver points are uniformly distributed on the receiver point distribution line;

[0027] a migration imaging unit configured to perform migration imaging based on the five-dimensional interpolated data.

[0028] In some embodiments, when migration imaging is performed based on the five-dimensional interpolated data, a corresponding common offset and common azimuth migration in the multi-azimuth radial observation system is selected.

[0029] The technical solution provided by the present application searches, for each CMP in a work area, all data of different azimuths and different offsets that contribute to the CMP in the work area, establishes a multi-azimuth radial observation system based on the CMP, and performs interpolation based on the multi-azimuth radial observation system, so that the shot points and the receiver points are uniformly distributed at different offsets, thereby achieving the supplement of missing information, the recovery of near-offset information, and the recovery of pre-stack AVO characteristics, and providing reliable data guarantee for pre-stack inversion and reservoir prediction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present application will become more apparent from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference characters designate like elements in the several views.

[0031] Figure 1 A flow chart of a pre-stack AVO multi-azimuth radial five-dimensional regular processing method is shown according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0032] Figure 2 (a), Figure 2 (b) and Figure 2 (c) show the distribution of shot points under different observation systems from the same bin center point.

[0033] Figure 3 (a), Figure 3 (b) and Figure 3 (c) are the azimuth distribution comparison of different observation systems for a same CMP gather.

[0034] Figure 4 (a), Figure 4 (b) and Figure 4 (c) are the offset distribution comparison of different observation systems for a same CMP gather in a certain work area.

[0035] Figure 5 A structural block diagram of a pre-stack AVO multi-azimuth radial five-dimensional regular processing device is shown according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0036] Figure 6 (a), Figure 6 (b) and Figure 6 (c) show the CRP (common reflection point gather) gather comparison under different observation systems in a certain work area.

[0037] Figure 7 (a) and Figure 7 (b) show the migration stack profile comparison under different observation systems in a certain work area.

[0038] Figure 8 (a) and Figure 8 (b) show the AVO feature analysis under a multi-azimuth radial observation system for a certain work area according to the technical solution disclosed in the present application.

[0039] Figure 9 (a) and Figure 9 (b) show the near offset stack amplitude attribute analysis under a multi-azimuth radial observation system for a certain work area according to the technical solution disclosed in the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] Preferred embodiments of the present application will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While preferred embodiments of the present application are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present application may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to make the present application more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the present application to those skilled in the art.

[0041] Five-dimensional interpolation requires the design of an observation system. Conventional interpolation observation systems are based on field acquisition systems and are kept as consistent as possible to achieve regularity in shot and receiver location and coverage frequency, without considering offset and azimuth distribution. Furthermore, due to inherent limitations of bundled observation systems, the near-offset information after interpolation remains insufficient. These two factors contribute to low near-offset signal-to-noise ratio and weak energy in pre-stack gathers, making the near-offset portion of the AVO unreliable.

[0042] In view of this, for pre-stack AVO inversion, the inventors of this application have specially designed a multi-azimuth radial observation system, which not only achieves coverage number rules, but also ensures offset and azimuth rules, so as to recover near offset information to the greatest extent.

[0043] The design concept of the multi-azimuth radial observation system proposed in this application is to supplement as much near-offset information as possible and adapt to the offset domain migration imaging conditions to the greatest extent.

[0044] According to one aspect of this application, a full waveform inversion method based on local fast matching decomposition is provided.

[0045] Please see Figure 1 . Figure 1 A flowchart of a multi-directional radial five-dimensional rule processing method for pre-stack AVO according to an embodiment of this application is shown. As shown, the method includes steps 1 to 4.

[0046] Step 1: For each common center point within the work area, search for seismic data with different offsets and azimuths related to that point within the work area.

[0047] Step 2: For each common center point, establish a multi-azimuth radial observation system based on the common center point. The multi-azimuth radial observation system includes multiple rays with the common center point as the origin. The multiple rays are divided into shot point distribution lines and receiver point distribution lines, wherein the shot point distribution lines and receiver point distribution lines are symmetrically distributed with respect to the common center point.

[0048] Specifically, when establishing the multi-azimuth radial observation system, the azimuth angle of the multi-azimuth radial observation system can be set based on the principle of omnidirectional coverage and equal interval division of the azimuth angle of the searched seismic data.

[0049] Specifically, the number of the divided azimuth angles can also be determined based on the main azimuth of the work area, the quality and size of the searched seismic data, and the azimuth distribution of the geological target.

[0050] Specifically, when the multi-azimuth radial observation system is established, the radial radius representing the offset distance can be divided at equal intervals.

[0051] Specifically, the division interval and the number of the divided radial radius can be determined based on the maximum and minimum offset distance of the searched seismic data.

[0052] Step 3, based on the searched seismic data, five-dimensional interpolation is performed according to the multi-azimuth radial observation system, so that the shot points are uniformly distributed on the shot point distribution line and the geophones are uniformly distributed on the geophone distribution line.

[0053] Reference can be made to Figure 2 (a), Figure 2 (b) and Figure 2 (c). Figure 2 (a), Figure 2 (b) and Figure 2 (c) show the distribution of shot-geophone points under different observation systems from the same bin center point. The small triangles in the figure represent the shot points, and the small circles represent the geophones.

[0054] Figure 2 (a) is the original irregular shot-geophone point distribution, and it can be seen that the shot points and the geophones are irregularly distributed.

[0055] Figure 2 (b) is the shot-geophone point distribution after shot and geophone regularization according to the traditional acquisition observation system parameters. The shot points and the geophones are uniformly distributed, but the shot points are far away from the geophones, and there is little near offset information.

[0056] Figure 1 (c) is the shot-geophone point distribution after multi-azimuth radial regularization according to the present application. The shot points and the geophones are centrally symmetrically distributed with the bin center point, wherein a plurality of shot points are densely arranged along the shot point distribution line, and macroscopically present as a thickened line; a plurality of geophones are densely arranged along the geophone distribution line, and macroscopically present as an unthickened line. Different concentric circle radii represent different offset distances, and different direction straight lines represent different azimuth information. According to the specific embodiments of the present application, the offset distance is regularized by dividing the radial direction at equal intervals; the shot points and the geophones are symmetrically distributed, six shot lines form six azimuth angles, and thus the azimuth angle is regularized. The near offset part is in the small concentric circle, and the shot points and the geophones are densely distributed, which ensures that the near offset information is rich.

[0057] Back to Figure 3 , step 4, based on the five-dimensional interpolated data, migration imaging is performed.

[0058] Specifically, after the multi-azimuth radial observation system and the five-dimensional interpolation are established, the accompanying offset can be selected as the corresponding common offset and common azimuth offset in the multi-azimuth radial observation system.

[0059] The OVT domain offset commonly used is selected from an OVT gather data, which is from one coverage of similar offset and similar azimuth in the whole work area. According to the common offset and common azimuth offset of the present application, the data is from the coverage of the same offset and the same azimuth in the whole work area after multi-azimuth radial regularization. Compared with the data and offset requirements, the data under the observation system of the present application obviously meets the offset imaging condition.

[0060] The multi-azimuth observation system according to the embodiment of the present application is based on each CMP point in the work area, and searches for all data of different azimuths and different offsets that contribute to the point in the work area, and performs full-azimuth equal-interval azimuth division on the azimuths. An example is given below.

[0061] For example, 360° can be divided into 90°, 120°, 150°, 180°, 210° and 240° by equal-interval division of 60° (considering symmetric distribution, 0° is north). The number of divided azimuths can depend on the main azimuth of the work area, data quality and size, azimuth distribution of the geological target and the like. In actual operation, if the computing resources and storage resources are sufficient, the interval can be reduced for more division. Figure 3 (a)、 Figure 3 (b) and Figure 3 (c) are azimuth distribution comparisons of different observation systems of a same CMP gather. Figure 3 (a) is the original azimuth distribution, Figure 3 (b) is the azimuth distribution under the conventional observation system, Figure 3 (c) is the azimuth distribution under the multi-azimuth observation system according to the present application. Figure 3 (a)、 Figure 3 (b) and Figure 4 (c), the circumferential direction of the sector band represents different azimuths, and the length of the radius represents the number of traces of the azimuth. As can be seen from the figure, the number of traces of each azimuth under the multi-azimuth observation system according to the present application is consistent and large, with 60 traces. Under other observation systems, the number of traces of different azimuths differs greatly, and the number of traces of the most azimuth is only 4.

[0062] On the basis of the above azimuth division, the offset can be further divided in the same equal-interval division. The interval size and the number of divisions are determined by the maximum and minimum offset of the data. Figure 4 (a)、 Figure 4 (b) and Figure 4(c) is a comparison of offset distribution of different observation systems for the same CMP gather, wherein the abscissa represents offset, the ordinate represents the number of traces, and the straight line represents the existence of the offset and the number of traces. Figure 4 (a) shows the original offset; Figure 4 (b) shows the interpolated offset distribution under the conventional observation system, which is more in the middle than in the far and near; Figure 5 (c) shows the interpolated offset distribution under the multi-radial observation system according to the present application, which is more in the middle than in the near and far, and is uniform as a whole, with significantly increased near offset data.

[0063] The technical solution provided in the present application searches for all data of different azimuth angles and different offsets that contribute to each CMP (Common Middle Point) point in the work area based on the CMP point as the target, establishes a multi-azimuth radial observation system based on the face element center point, performs interpolation based on the multi-azimuth radial observation system, and makes the shot points and geophones uniformly distributed at different offsets, so as to realize the supplement of missing information, the recovery of near offset information, and the recovery of pre-stack AVO characteristics, and provide reliable data guarantee for pre-stack inversion and reservoir prediction.

[0064] Figure 6 A structural block diagram of a multi-azimuth radial five-dimensional regular processing device for pre-stack AVO according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. The device includes a data searching unit 501, a multi-azimuth radial observation system 502, a five-dimensional interpolation unit 503, and an offset imaging unit 504.

[0065] The data searching unit 501 is configured to search for seismic data of different offsets and different azimuth angles related to each common middle point in the work area.

[0066] The multi-azimuth radial observation system 502 is configured to establish a multi-azimuth radial observation system based on each common middle point, and the multi-azimuth radial observation system includes a plurality of rays with the common middle point as the origin, and the plurality of rays are divided into shot point distribution lines and geophone distribution lines, wherein the shot point distribution lines and the geophone distribution lines are symmetrically distributed with the common middle point.

[0067] The five-dimensional interpolation unit 503 is configured to perform five-dimensional interpolation based on the searched seismic data according to the multi-azimuth radial observation system, so that the shot points are uniformly distributed on the shot point distribution lines, and the geophones are uniformly distributed on the geophone distribution lines.

[0068] The offset imaging unit 504 is configured to perform offset imaging based on the data after five-dimensional interpolation.

[0069] Specifically, in the offset imaging based on the five-dimensional interpolated data, the corresponding common offset and common azimuth offset in the multi-azimuth radial observation system can be selected according to the offset.

[0070] Other details about the present embodiment can refer to the corresponding descriptions in the foregoing embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0071] According to another aspect of the present application, an electronic device is also provided. The electronic device comprises:

[0072] a memory storing executable instructions;

[0073] a processor running the executable instructions in the memory to implement the pre-stack AVO-oriented multi-azimuth radial five-dimensional regular processing method as described above.

[0074] Specifically, the memory can include one or more computer program products, which can include various forms of computer readable storage media, such as volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. The volatile memory may, for example, include random access memory (RAM), cache memory, and / or the like. The non-volatile memory may, for example, include read-only memory (ROM), hard disk, flash memory, and / or the like.

[0075] The processor can be a central processing unit (CPU) or other forms of processing units with data processing and / or instruction execution capabilities, and can control other components in the electronic device to perform desired functions. In an embodiment of the present application, the processor is configured to run the computer readable instructions stored in the memory.

[0076] Details about the present embodiment can refer to the corresponding descriptions in the foregoing embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0077] According to another aspect of the present application, a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program is also provided. The computer program is executed by a processor to implement the pre-stack AVO-oriented multi-azimuth radial five-dimensional regular processing method as described above.

[0078] The computer readable storage medium according to the embodiments of the present application has non-transitory computer readable instructions stored thereon. When the non-transitory computer readable instructions are run by a processor, all or part of the steps of the methods of the embodiments of the present application described above are executed.

[0079] The computer readable storage medium described above includes, but is not limited to, optical storage media (for example, CD-ROM and DVD), magneto-optical storage media (for example, MO), magnetic storage media (for example, magnetic tape or mobile hard disk), media with built-in rewritable non-volatile memory (for example, memory card), and media with built-in ROM (for example, ROM cartridge).

[0080] Those skilled in the art should understand that, in order to solve the technical problem of how to obtain a good user experience effect, the embodiment can also include well-known structures such as a communication bus, an interface, and the like, which should also be included in the protection scope of the present application.

[0081] The detailed description of the embodiment can refer to the corresponding description in the foregoing embodiments, which will not be described here.

[0082] The inventors have verified the beneficial effects of the present application from multiple angles as follows.

[0083] Figure 6 (a), Figure 6 (b) and Figure 6 (c) show the CRP (common reflection point gather) gather comparison of different observation systems in a certain work area. Among them, 6(a) shows the original irregular offset domain CRP; Figure 6 (b) shows the shot check regular OVT domain CRP; Figure 7 (c) shows the multi-azimuth radial regular CRP according to the present application. The diagonal line in the figure represents the offset distribution curve of different traces. It can be seen that the irregularized data is a straight line, and a trace has only one azimuth; the irregular inflection point of the shot check regular OVT gather offset curve proves that it contains uneven azimuth information; and the inflection point of the multi-azimuth radial regular gather appears very regularly, which means that it contains uniformly distributed azimuth angles.

[0084] Figure 7 (a) and Figure 7 (b) show the comparison of migration profiles in different observation systems in a certain work area. Among them, Figure 7 (a) shows the shot check regular OVT domain migration; Figure 8 (b) shows the multi-azimuth radial common offset common azimuth angle migration. It can be seen that, compared with the conventional shot, check regular OVT domain migration result, the migration effect according to the regular offset and azimuth angle of the present application has obvious advantages in signal-to-noise ratio, continuity, and structural imaging of medium and shallow data.

[0085] Figure 8 (a) and Figure 8 (b) show the AVO characteristic analysis of a certain work area under the multi-azimuth radial observation system according to the technical solution disclosed in the present application. Among them, Figure 8 (a) shows the near offset CRP gather AVO analysis;Figure 9 (b) shows four types of AVO classification criteria. It can be seen that the AVO analysis of the pre-stack gathers shows that the fourth type of AVO characteristics rarely occurs, verifying the reliability of the compensated near offset information.

[0086] Figure 9 (a) and Figure 9 (b) shows the near offset stack amplitude attribute analysis of a certain work area under the multi-azimuth radial observation system according to the technical solutions disclosed in the present application. Among them, Figure 9 (a) shows the far offset stack amplitude attribute; Figure 9 (a) shows the near offset stack amplitude attribute. According to Figure 9 (a) and ​ (b), the comparative analysis is carried out on the near offset stack profile and the far offset stack profile amplitude attribute, the near offset is the slender river channel superimposed on the main river channel, further verifying the reliability of the compensated near offset data.

[0087] The above has described the embodiments of the present application, the above description is exemplary, not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and changes are obvious to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The selection of the terms used herein is intended to best explain the principles, practical application or technical improvement of the technology in the market of the embodiments, or to enable other ordinary skilled persons in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A multi-directional radial five-dimensional rule processing method for pre-stack AVO, characterized in that, The method includes: Step 1: For each common center point within the work area, search for seismic data with different offsets and azimuths related to that point within the work area; Step 2: For each common center point, establish a multi-azimuth radial observation system based on the common center point. The multi-azimuth radial observation system includes multiple rays with the common center point as the origin. The multiple rays are divided into shot point distribution lines and receiver point distribution lines, wherein the shot point distribution lines and receiver point distribution lines are symmetrically distributed with respect to the common center point. Step 3: Based on the searched seismic data, perform five-dimensional interpolation according to the multi-azimuth radial observation system to ensure that shot points are evenly distributed on the shot point distribution line and receiver points are evenly distributed on the receiver point distribution line. Step 4: Perform offset imaging based on the five-dimensional interpolated data; In step 2, when establishing the multi-azimuth radial observation system, the azimuth angle of the multi-azimuth radial observation system is set based on the principle of omnidirectional coverage and equal interval division of the azimuth angle of the searched seismic data; The number of azimuth angles to be divided is determined based on the main orientation of the work area, the quality and size of the searched seismic data, and the azimuth distribution of geological targets. When establishing the multi-directional radial observation system, the radial radius representing the offset distance is divided into equal intervals; The radial radius division interval and number of divisions are determined based on the maximum and minimum offsets of the searched seismic data. In step 4, when performing offset imaging based on the five-dimensional interpolated data, the accompanying offset is selected from the common offset distance and common azimuth angle offset corresponding to the multi-azimuth radial observation system.

2. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes: Memory, which stores executable instructions; A processor that executes the executable instructions in the memory to implement the method of claim 1.

3. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method of claim 1.

4. A multi-directional radial five-dimensional rule processing device for pre-stack AVO, characterized in that, The device includes: The data search unit is used to search for seismic data with different offsets and azimuths related to each common center point in the work area. A multi-azimuth radial observation system is used to establish a multi-azimuth radial observation system based on each common center point. The multi-azimuth radial observation system includes multiple rays with the common center point as the origin. The multiple rays are divided into shot point distribution lines and receiver point distribution lines, wherein the shot point distribution lines and receiver point distribution lines are symmetrically distributed with respect to the common center point. When establishing the multi-azimuth radial observation system, the azimuth angle of the multi-azimuth radial observation system is set based on the principle of omnidirectional coverage and equal interval division of the azimuth angle of the searched seismic data; The number of azimuth angles to be divided is determined based on the main orientation of the work area, the quality and size of the searched seismic data, and the azimuth distribution of geological targets. When establishing the multi-directional radial observation system, the radial radius representing the offset distance is divided into equal intervals; The radial radius division interval and number of divisions are determined based on the maximum and minimum offsets of the searched seismic data. The five-dimensional interpolation unit is used to perform five-dimensional interpolation based on the searched seismic data according to the multi-azimuth radial observation system, so that the shot points are evenly distributed on the shot point distribution line and the receiver points are evenly distributed on the receiver point distribution line. The offset imaging unit is used for offset imaging based on five-dimensional interpolated data; When performing offset imaging based on five-dimensional interpolated data, the accompanying offset is selected from the corresponding common offset distance and common azimuth angle offset in the multi-azimuth radial observation system.

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