A welding quality detection method, device and electronic equipment

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application provide a welding quality detection method and device and electronic equipment. In the embodiments, the inherent welding area of a battery piece is determined from a to-be-detected image, a target area in which a to-be-detected welding position is located is determined based on the position of the inherent welding area of the battery piece, and the welding quality of the to-be-detected welding position is determined according to a feature parameter of the to-be-detected welding position and a preset feature parameter. Thus, automatic detection of the welding quality is achieved, the labor cost is effectively reduced, and the detection efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of machine vision technology, and in particular to a welding quality inspection method, apparatus and electronic equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In photovoltaic cell production, the process of welding multiple regularly distributed cell strings and busbars into a single cell panel using a shingling machine is called shingling. The quality of the welding directly affects the performance of the cells; therefore, welding quality inspection is a crucial step in photovoltaic cell production.

[0003] Currently, the commonly used method for inspecting welding quality is manual inspection. While manual inspection can detect the quality of welding, it requires high manpower and has low efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, embodiments of this application provide a welding quality inspection method, apparatus, and electronic device to achieve automatic inspection of welding quality.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the embodiments of this application, a welding quality inspection method is provided, applied to defect detection of a solar panel. The solar panel includes multiple battery strings, a busbar, and multiple welding positions. The multiple battery strings are connected to the busbar, and the busbars are connected to each other through the welding positions. Each battery string includes multiple battery cells, and the multiple battery cells are connected to each other through inherent welding areas of the battery cells. The method includes:

[0006] The inherent welding area of ​​the battery cell is determined from the image to be inspected corresponding to the battery panel, and the target area where the welding position to be inspected is located is determined based on the position of the inherent welding area of ​​the battery cell; wherein, the distance between the position of the inherent welding area of ​​the battery cell and the position of the welding position to be inspected is a fixed value that has been configured.

[0007] Based on the target region, the characteristic parameters of the welding position to be detected are determined;

[0008] The welding quality of the welding position to be detected is determined based on the characteristic parameters of the welding position to be detected and the preset characteristic parameters.

[0009] Optionally, determining the inherent welding area of ​​the solar cell from the image to be inspected corresponding to the solar panel, and determining the target area where the welding position to be inspected is located based on the position of the inherent welding area of ​​the solar cell, includes:

[0010] The solar panel in the image to be detected is located to obtain the candidate region where the solar panel is located.

[0011] The candidate region is divided into multiple segmented regions;

[0012] For each segmented region, determine whether there is an inherent welding area of ​​the battery cell in that segmented region. If so, determine the target area where the welding position to be detected is located from the segmented region based on the location of the inherent welding area of ​​the battery cell.

[0013] Optionally, when dividing the candidate region into multiple segments, there is an overlapping area between two adjacent segments, and the width of the overlapping area between two adjacent segments is a preset value.

[0014] Optionally, the characteristic parameters of the welding position to be detected include at least one of the following: the width of the busbar where the welding position is located, the horizontal dimension of the welding position, and the vertical dimension of the welding position; the preset characteristic parameters include at least one of the following: a preset width ratio threshold and a preset height threshold; and determining the welding quality of the welding position to be detected based on the characteristic parameters of the welding position to be detected and the preset characteristic parameters includes:

[0015] When the ratio of the horizontal dimension of the welding position to the width of the busbar in which the welding position is located is less than a preset width ratio threshold, and / or the vertical dimension of the welding position is less than a preset height threshold, the welding quality of the welding position to be tested is determined to be abnormal.

[0016] When the ratio of the horizontal dimension of the welding position to the width of the busbar in which the welding position is located is greater than or equal to a preset width ratio threshold, and the vertical dimension of the welding position is greater than or equal to a preset height threshold, the welding quality of the welding position to be tested is determined to be normal.

[0017] Optionally, the welding position to be detected is the welding position between the battery string and the busbar. The characteristic parameters of the welding position to be detected further include: the total solder area of ​​the welding position, the maximum solder area of ​​the welding position, and the horizontal dimension of the welding position being the major axis length of the outer frame of the minimum solder area of ​​the welding position. The preset characteristic parameters further include: a preset area threshold. The anomalies include indentation and cold solder joints. When the ratio of the horizontal dimension of the welding position to the width of the busbar where the welding position is located is less than a preset width ratio threshold, and / or the vertical dimension of the welding position is less than a preset height threshold, the welding quality of the welding position to be detected is determined to be abnormal, including:

[0018] If it is determined that the maximum solder area is greater than the preset area threshold, and the ratio of the major axis of the minimum solder area outer frame to the width of the busbar is less than the preset width ratio threshold, the soldering quality of the soldering position to be detected is determined to be inward shrinkage.

[0019] If it is determined that the maximum solder area is less than or equal to the preset area threshold or the ratio of the major axis of the minimum solder area outer frame to the busbar width is greater than or equal to the preset width ratio threshold, then it is determined whether the ratio of the total solder area to the busbar width is less than the preset height threshold.

[0020] When it is determined that the ratio of the total solder area to the busbar width is less than a preset height threshold, the soldering quality of the soldering position to be tested is determined to be a cold solder joint.

[0021] Optionally, the busbar includes a horizontal busbar and a vertical busbar. The vertical busbar is used to connect the battery string, and the horizontal busbar is used to fix the vertical busbar. The welding position to be detected is the welding position between the horizontal busbar and the vertical busbar. The characteristic parameters of the welding position to be detected further include the width of the vertical busbar where the welding position is located. The anomalies include: indentation and cold solder joint. When the ratio of the horizontal dimension of the welding position to the width of the busbar where the welding position is located is less than a preset width ratio threshold, and / or the vertical dimension of the welding position is less than a preset height threshold, the welding quality of the welding position to be detected is determined to be abnormal, including:

[0022] If the ratio of the horizontal dimension of the welding position to the width of the vertical busbar is determined to be less than a preset width ratio threshold, the welding quality of the welding position to be tested is determined to be inward.

[0023] If it is determined that the ratio of the horizontal dimension of the welding position to the width of the vertical busbar is greater than or equal to a preset width ratio threshold, then it is determined whether the vertical dimension of the welding position is less than the preset height threshold.

[0024] When it is determined that the vertical dimension of the welding position is less than the preset height threshold, the welding quality of the welding position to be tested is determined to be a false weld.

[0025] Optionally, after determining the welding quality of the welding position to be detected based on the characteristic parameters of the welding position to be detected and preset characteristic parameters, the method further includes:

[0026] For each weld position to be inspected, a target position corresponding to the weld position to be inspected is determined in the candidate area, and a mark of the weld quality corresponding to the weld position to be inspected is added to the target position.

[0027] According to a second aspect of the embodiments of this application, a welding quality inspection device is provided for defect detection of a solar panel. The solar panel includes multiple battery strings, busbars, and multiple welding positions. The multiple battery strings are connected to the busbars, and the busbars are connected to each other through the welding positions. Each battery string includes multiple battery cells, and the multiple battery cells are connected to each other through inherent welding areas.

[0028] The target area determination module is used to determine the inherent welding area of ​​the battery cell from the image to be detected corresponding to the battery panel, and to determine the target area where the welding position to be detected is located based on the position of the inherent welding area of ​​the battery cell; wherein, the distance between the position of the inherent welding area of ​​the battery cell and the position of the welding position to be detected is a fixed value that has been configured.

[0029] A feature parameter determination module is used to determine the feature parameters of the welding position to be detected based on the target region.

[0030] The welding quality determination module is used to determine the welding quality of the welding position to be detected based on the characteristic parameters of the welding position to be detected and preset characteristic parameters.

[0031] Optionally, the target area determination module is specifically used for:

[0032] The solar panel in the image to be detected is located to obtain the candidate region where the solar panel is located.

[0033] The candidate region is divided into multiple segmented regions;

[0034] For each segmented region, determine whether there is an inherent welding area of ​​the battery cell in that segmented region. If so, determine the target area where the welding position to be detected is located from the segmented region based on the location of the inherent welding area of ​​the battery cell.

[0035] According to a third aspect of the embodiments of this application, an electronic device is provided, the electronic device comprising: a processor and a memory;

[0036] The memory is used to store machine-executable instructions;

[0037] The processor is configured to read and execute machine-executable instructions stored in the memory to implement the method as described in the first aspect or any alternative embodiment of the first aspect.

[0038] This application provides a welding quality inspection method that determines the inherent welding area of ​​a battery cell from an image to be inspected, determines the target area of ​​the welding position to be inspected based on the position of the inherent welding area of ​​the battery cell, and determines the welding quality of the welding position to be inspected based on the feature parameters of the welding position to be inspected and preset feature parameters. This achieves automatic inspection of welding quality, effectively reduces labor costs, and improves inspection efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of a welding quality inspection system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a welding quality inspection method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a partial schematic diagram of the solar panel provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the image processing method to be detected provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0043] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overlapping area of ​​the segmented region provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0044] Figure 6 This is a block diagram of a welding quality inspection device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 7 This is a hardware structure diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0046] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0047] The terminology used in this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0048] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc., may be used in this application to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from one another. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "when," "when," or "in response to determination."

[0049] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail.

[0050] As described in the background section, the commonly used method for inspecting the welding quality of photovoltaic cells is manual inspection, which wastes human resources. Therefore, this application provides a welding quality inspection method to achieve automatic inspection.

[0051] Figure 1 Example diagram of a welding quality inspection system, such as Figure 1 As shown, the welding quality inspection system includes: a lap welding machine, a camera, a computer, and peripheral devices such as a monitor. The welding quality inspection system may also include: a light source, a keyboard, a mouse, and connecting devices between the various components. This application does not specifically limit the welding quality inspection system; those skilled in the art can determine its specific implementation based on actual conditions.

[0052] Specifically, the stacking welding machine is used to weld multiple battery strings together with busbars to obtain battery panels. After obtaining the battery panels, they are conveyed by a conveyor device according to... Figure 1 The camera moves in the indicated direction. When the solar panel enters the camera's field of view, the camera triggers to start acquiring the image corresponding to the solar panel. When the solar panel completely leaves the camera's field of view, the camera stops acquiring the image. The computer processes the image corresponding to the solar panel captured by the camera using software algorithms to obtain the welding quality inspection result of the shingling machine, and displays the inspection result on the monitor.

[0053] In this embodiment, infrared sensors or lidar can be installed in front of and behind the camera's field of view. When the infrared sensor or lidar detects the solar panel, it determines that the solar panel has entered the camera's field of view, and the camera starts to acquire images. When the infrared sensor or lidar detects the solar panel but cannot detect it, it determines that the solar panel has left the camera's field of view, and the camera stops acquiring images.

[0054] The number of cameras mentioned above can be one or more, for example... Figure 1The three cameras are: 1. When there are multiple cameras, each camera is an independent image acquisition device and they do not interfere with each other. The welding quality inspection result of the solar panel is the sum of the welding quality inspection results of the images acquired by multiple cameras. The cameras mentioned above can be line scan cameras or area scan cameras. This application embodiment does not specifically limit the number or type of cameras, and those skilled in the art can determine it according to the actual situation.

[0055] Furthermore, in this embodiment, each camera can be equipped with a light source. This light source can be a coaxial light source or a ring light source. This embodiment does not specifically limit the type of light source, and those skilled in the art can determine it according to the actual situation. By using a light source, a light source can be provided to the camera under poor lighting conditions, making the captured images clearer.

[0056] like Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a welding quality inspection method provided in an embodiment of this application. The entity executing this welding quality inspection method can be... Figure 1 The computer in the system is used for welding quality inspection of solar panels welded by the shingle-mounted welding machine, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the solar panel includes multiple battery strings and multiple busbars. The busbars include vertical busbars and horizontal busbars. The vertical busbars connect the multiple battery strings, and the horizontal busbars fix the vertical busbars in place. Figure 3 As shown, multiple battery strings are welded to a vertical busbar via interconnecting strips. Each battery string includes multiple battery cells, which are connected to each other via their inherent welding areas. The connection between the horizontal and vertical busbars, as well as the welding of the interconnecting strips to the vertical busbar, are all achieved by soldering. Thus, the solar panel includes multiple welding positions.

[0057] like Figure 2 As shown, the welding quality inspection method includes the following steps:

[0058] S210: Determine the inherent welding area of ​​the solar cell from the image to be inspected corresponding to the solar panel, and determine the target area where the welding position to be inspected is located based on the position of the inherent welding area of ​​the solar cell; wherein, the distance between the position of the inherent welding area of ​​the solar cell and the position of the welding position to be inspected is a fixed value that has been configured.

[0059] For example, the image to be detected corresponding to the aforementioned solar panel is a complete image of the solar panel captured by the camera. When the camera is a line scan camera, the complete image is directly captured and output. When the camera is an area scan camera, multiple images are acquired according to the shooting rhythm requirements, and the multiple images are stitched together to obtain the complete image. The method of stitching multiple images together to obtain the complete image is a conventional technique, which will not be described in detail here.

[0060] In this embodiment, determining the inherent welding area of ​​the battery cell from the image to be detected can be done using template matching, a common technique in machine vision, or by identifying it using a target detection model. This application does not specifically limit the method for determining the inherent welding area of ​​the battery cell; those skilled in the art can determine the method based on the actual situation.

[0061] The template matching method involves using pre-captured images of normal solar panels to determine the inherent welding areas of the solar cells in the image to be detected. The target detection model identifies the inherent welding areas of the solar cells by inputting the image to be detected into a pre-trained target detection model.

[0062] In this embodiment, the welding positions to be detected may include: the welding positions between the battery string and the busbar, and the welding positions between busbars. This application does not specifically limit the welding positions to be detected; those skilled in the art can determine them according to actual circumstances.

[0063] When the welding position to be detected is the welding position between the battery string and the busbar, the target area of ​​the welding position to be detected can be determined based on the position of the inherent welding area of ​​the battery cell. Specifically, the target area of ​​the welding position to be detected can be determined by horizontally shifting the position area of ​​the inherent welding area of ​​the battery cell by the above-configured fixed value. The above-configured fixed value can be any value, and the embodiments of this application do not specifically limit the above-configured fixed value.

[0064] When the welding position to be detected is the welding position between the busbars, the target area of ​​the welding position to be detected can be determined based on the position of the inherent welding area of ​​the battery cell. Specifically, the position area of ​​the inherent welding area of ​​the battery cell is horizontally shifted by a fixed value and then vertically shifted to the intersection of the horizontal busbar and the vertical busbar to determine the target area of ​​the welding position to be detected.

[0065] It should be noted that after determining the target area where the welding position to be inspected is located, it is determined whether the welding position to be inspected exists in the target area. If the welding position to be inspected does not exist in the target area, the welding quality of the welding position to be inspected is determined to be an empty weld. If the welding position to be inspected exists in the target area, the welding quality of the welding position to be inspected is determined according to the characteristic parameters of the welding position to be inspected.

[0066] S220: Characteristic parameters for determining the welding position to be detected based on the target area.

[0067] For example, in this embodiment, the characteristic parameters of the welding position to be detected may include: the width of the busbar where the welding position is located, the total solder area of ​​the welding position, the major axis length of the outer frame of the maximum solder area and the minimum solder area of ​​the welding position, the width of the vertical busbar, the horizontal dimension of the welding position, the vertical dimension of the welding position, the grayscale brightness, etc., which are not specifically limited in this embodiment.

[0068] For example, in this embodiment, there are many methods to determine the characteristic parameters of the welding position to be detected based on the target area, such as conventional straight line search, direct measurement with calipers, etc., and this embodiment is not specifically limited.

[0069] S230: Determine the welding quality of the welding position to be inspected based on the characteristic parameters of the welding position to be inspected and the preset characteristic parameters.

[0070] For example, the aforementioned welding quality can include normal and abnormal conditions, where abnormal conditions can include: open welds, incomplete welds, and inward shrinkage, etc. Welding quality inspection can include: interconnecting strip welding inspection, jumper wire inspection, creepage inspection, etc. This application embodiment does not specifically limit the aforementioned welding quality, abnormal conditions, and welding quality inspection; those skilled in the art can determine these based on actual circumstances.

[0071] Among them, interconnect bar welding inspection is used to judge the welding quality between the interconnect bars of the battery string and the busbar; jumper wire inspection is used to judge the welding quality between busbars; and creepage inspection is used to judge the distance between the battery string and the busbar.

[0072] In this embodiment, the preset feature parameters can be relevant standard parameters of a standard solar panel, or standard parameters determined according to customer needs. These can include preset area thresholds, preset width ratio thresholds, and preset height thresholds, etc. This application embodiment does not specifically limit the preset feature parameters; those skilled in the art can determine them according to actual circumstances.

[0073] Determining the welding quality of the welding position to be tested based on its characteristic parameters and preset characteristic parameters can be specifically as follows: when the characteristic parameters of the welding position to be tested are consistent with the preset characteristic parameters or the difference is within a preset range, the welding quality of the welding position to be tested is determined to be normal; when the characteristic parameters of the welding position to be tested are inconsistent with the preset characteristic parameters or the difference exceeds the preset range, the welding quality of the welding position to be tested is determined to be abnormal. Here, the preset range can be predetermined, and this embodiment of the application does not specifically limit it.

[0074] This application provides a welding quality inspection method that determines the inherent welding area of ​​the battery cell from the image to be inspected, determines the target area of ​​the welding position to be inspected based on the position of the inherent welding area of ​​the battery cell, and determines the welding quality of the welding position to be inspected based on the characteristic parameters of the welding position to be inspected and preset characteristic parameters. This method realizes automatic inspection of welding quality, effectively reduces labor costs, and improves inspection efficiency.

[0075] As an optional implementation of this application embodiment, step S210 specifically includes:

[0076] First, the solar panel in the image to be detected is located to obtain the candidate region where the solar panel is located.

[0077] For example, in this embodiment, candidate regions can be extracted based on the difference in grayscale or contrast between the solar panel and the background area. Specific extraction methods may include edge extraction, blob analysis, template matching, or detection using a deep learning object detection model. This embodiment does not specifically limit the above extraction methods; those skilled in the art can determine them according to actual circumstances.

[0078] Among them, edge extraction methods can be used to extract... Figure 4 The two edges with the largest grayscale difference at the far left and right ends are extracted using a conventional method, which will not be elaborated further here. The blob analysis method extracts regions with brightness greater than the background area; this is also a conventional method and will not be elaborated further here. Detection using a deep learning object detection model can target either the entire battery pack or the battery string. This application does not specifically limit the target for deep learning detection; those skilled in the art can determine it based on the actual situation. The template matching method can pre-capture a standard template and then closely match the image to be detected with the standard template to obtain candidate regions.

[0079] Secondly, the candidate region is divided into multiple sub-regions.

[0080] In this embodiment, the candidate region can be divided into N regions, where N≥1, according to a preset division rule. This preset division rule can be based on the number of battery strings, the principle of optimal efficiency, or the principle of optimal detection performance, etc. This embodiment does not specifically limit the preset division rule; those skilled in the art can determine it based on actual circumstances.

[0081] When the preset division rule is based on the number of battery strings, for example, every 50 battery strings are divided into a group, and when the total number of battery strings on the solar panel is 500, the candidate area is divided into 10 sub-areas.

[0082] When the preset partitioning rule is to partition according to the principle of optimal efficiency, the candidate region is divided into N sub-regions, and the time taken for quality detection of each sub-region is M. In this embodiment, the partitioning will be carried out according to N, which has the minimum total time of N*M.

[0083] When the preset classification rule is based on the principle of optimal detection performance, the classification is determined according to the historical non-conforming target detection rate, that is, based on the highest historical non-conforming target detection rate. As a specific example of this application, when N=10, the non-conforming target detection rate is 80%, and when N=30, the non-conforming target detection rate is 75%. This embodiment of the application will classify according to N=10.

[0084] Next, for each segmented region, it is determined whether there is an inherent welding area of ​​the battery cell in that segmented region. If so, the target area where the welding position to be detected is determined from the segmented region based on the location of the inherent welding area of ​​the battery cell.

[0085] For example, when the conveyor belt transports solar panels, the image of the target object may be distorted due to reasons such as the conveyor belt not being level, the camera not being able to be directly facing the solar panel plane during installation, or the solar panels being tilted. When each segmented region is extracted, distortion correction or affine transformation can be performed on each segmented region to ensure the accuracy and consistency of quality inspection. Here, distortion correction or affine transformation are conventional techniques and will not be elaborated further.

[0086] The method for determining the inherent welding area of ​​the battery cell is the same as the method for determining the inherent welding area of ​​the battery cell in step S210 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0087] This application embodiment first extracts candidate regions from the image to be detected, and then segments the candidate regions to obtain multiple segmented regions. In this way, welding quality detection can be performed on each segmented region, thereby improving the detection efficiency.

[0088] When dividing the candidate region, it is considered that the welding position to be detected may be cut off. As an optional implementation of this application, when dividing the candidate region into multiple segments, there is an overlapping area between two adjacent segments, and the width of the overlapping area between two adjacent segments is a preset value.

[0089] For example, such as Figure 5 As shown, two adjacent partitioned regions after division have overlapping areas (i.e., Figure 5In the region corresponding to 'd' in the diagram, to ensure that the weld position to be inspected is not cut off, in this embodiment, the preset value can be set to twice the width of the weld position to be inspected. This embodiment does not specifically limit this preset value; those skilled in the art can determine it according to actual conditions. Since there are duplicate inspection areas, duplicate information can be removed during subsequent weld quality inspection.

[0090] As an optional implementation of this application, the characteristic parameters of the welding position to be detected include at least one of the following: the width of the busbar where the welding position is located, the horizontal dimension of the welding position, and the vertical dimension of the welding position. The preset characteristic parameters include at least one of the following: a preset width ratio threshold and a preset height threshold. Determining the welding quality of the welding position to be detected based on the characteristic parameters of the welding position to be detected and the preset characteristic parameters includes:

[0091] When the ratio of the horizontal dimension of the welding position to the width of the busbar in which the welding position is located is less than a preset width ratio threshold, and / or the vertical dimension of the welding position is less than a preset height threshold, the welding quality of the welding position to be inspected is determined to be abnormal.

[0092] When the ratio of the horizontal dimension of the welding position to the width of the busbar in which the welding position is located is greater than or equal to a preset width ratio threshold, and the vertical dimension of the welding position is greater than or equal to a preset height threshold, the welding quality of the welding position to be inspected is determined to be normal.

[0093] For example, the preset width ratio threshold and the preset height threshold can both be any values. The embodiments of this application do not specifically limit the above-mentioned preset width ratio threshold and preset height threshold. Those skilled in the art can determine them according to actual needs or relevant parameters of standard solar panels.

[0094] The width of the busbar, the horizontal dimension of the welding position, and the vertical dimension of the welding position can all be determined by direct measurement or simple calculation using commonly used machine vision tools such as line finding and calipers.

[0095] In this embodiment of the application, the welding quality of the welding position to be inspected is determined by judging the height and width ratio of the welding position to be inspected. Specifically:

[0096] When the ratio of the horizontal dimension of the welding position to the width of the busbar in which the welding position is located is less than a preset width ratio threshold, and / or the vertical dimension of the welding position is less than a preset height threshold, the welding quality of the welding position to be inspected is determined to be abnormal; when the ratio of the horizontal dimension of the welding position to the width of the busbar in which the welding position is located is greater than or equal to a preset width ratio threshold, and the vertical dimension of the welding position is greater than or equal to a preset height threshold, the welding quality of the welding position to be inspected is determined to be normal.

[0097] As an optional implementation of this application, the welding position to be detected is the welding position between the battery string and the busbar. The characteristic parameters of the welding position to be detected further include: the total solder area of ​​the welding position, the maximum solder area of ​​the welding position, and the horizontal dimension of the welding position being the length of the major axis of the outer frame of the minimum solder area of ​​the welding position. The preset characteristic parameters also include: a preset area threshold. Anomalies include indentation and cold solder joints. When the ratio of the horizontal dimension of the welding position to the width of the busbar where the welding position is located is less than a preset width ratio threshold, and / or the vertical dimension of the welding position is less than a preset height threshold, the welding quality of the welding position to be detected is determined to be abnormal, including:

[0098] If the maximum solder area is determined to be greater than the preset area threshold, and the ratio of the major axis of the minimum solder area's outer frame to the width of the busbar is less than the preset width ratio threshold, the soldering quality of the soldering position to be tested is determined to be inward shrinkage.

[0099] If it is determined that the maximum solder area is less than or equal to the preset area threshold, or the ratio of the major axis of the minimum solder area bounding frame to the busbar width is greater than or equal to the preset width ratio threshold, then it is determined whether the ratio of the total solder area to the busbar width is less than the preset height threshold.

[0100] When the ratio of the total solder area to the busbar width is determined to be less than the preset height threshold, the soldering quality of the soldering position to be tested is determined to be a cold solder joint.

[0101] For example, the preset area threshold can be any value. This application embodiment does not specifically limit the above-mentioned preset area threshold. Those skilled in the art can determine it according to actual needs or relevant parameters of standard solar panels.

[0102] The total solder area, the maximum solder area, and the minimum solder area of ​​the aforementioned welding positions, as well as the major axis of the outer frame of the welding positions, can all be determined directly by machine vision tools such as line finding and calipers, or by simple calculation.

[0103] As an optional embodiment of this application, the busbar includes a horizontal busbar and a vertical busbar. The vertical busbar is used to connect the battery string, and the horizontal busbar is used to fix the vertical busbar. The welding position to be detected is the welding position between the horizontal busbar and the vertical busbar. The characteristic parameters of the welding position to be detected also include the width of the vertical busbar where the welding position is located. Anomalies include: inward shrinkage and poor welding. When the ratio of the horizontal dimension of the welding position to the width of the busbar where the welding position is located is less than a preset width ratio threshold, and / or the vertical dimension of the welding position is less than a preset height threshold, the welding quality of the welding position to be detected is determined to be abnormal, including:

[0104] If the ratio of the horizontal dimension of the welding position to the width of the vertical busbar is less than the preset width ratio threshold, the welding quality of the welding position to be inspected is determined to be inward.

[0105] If the ratio of the horizontal dimension of the welding position to the width of the vertical busbar is determined to be greater than or equal to a preset width ratio threshold, then determine whether the vertical dimension of the welding position is less than a preset height threshold.

[0106] If the vertical dimension of the welding position is determined to be less than the preset height threshold, the welding quality of the welding position to be inspected is determined to be a false weld.

[0107] For example, the width of the vertical busbar can be directly measured and determined using tools commonly used in machine vision, such as line finding and calipers.

[0108] As an optional implementation of this application, the welding quality inspection method further includes:

[0109] Obtain the length values ​​of the vertical busbar exceeding the horizontal busbar and the length values ​​of the horizontal busbar exceeding the vertical busbar;

[0110] When the length of the vertical busbar exceeding the horizontal busbar is greater than a first preset length threshold, and / or when the length of the horizontal busbar exceeding the vertical busbar is greater than a second preset length threshold, it is determined that the busbar jumper is out of service. Here, the first preset length threshold and the second length threshold can be the same or different. The specific settings for the first length threshold and the second length threshold can be any value. This application embodiment is not specifically limited.

[0111] For example, the length of the vertical busbar exceeding the horizontal busbar and the length of the horizontal busbar exceeding the vertical busbar can be directly measured and determined using tools commonly used in machine vision, such as line finding and calipers.

[0112] In this embodiment of the application, after performing welding quality inspection on the welding position to be inspected, the jumper of the busbar can be further detected. Specifically, when the length of the vertical busbar exceeding the horizontal busbar is greater than a first preset length threshold, and / or when the length of the horizontal busbar exceeding the vertical busbar is greater than a second preset length threshold, it is determined that the busbar jumper exceeds the threshold. When the length of the vertical busbar exceeding the horizontal busbar is less than or equal to the first preset length threshold and the length of the horizontal busbar exceeding the vertical busbar is less than or equal to the second preset length threshold, it is determined that the busbar does not exceed the threshold.

[0113] As an optional implementation of this application, after inspecting the welding quality of each segmented area, the welding quality inspection results of each segmented area are summarized on the same image for easier overall statistics and more intuitive observation, in order to guide the mechanical correction of the lap welding machine. After the above step S230, the welding quality inspection method further includes:

[0114] For each weld position to be inspected, a target position corresponding to the weld position to be inspected is determined in the candidate area, and the weld quality marker corresponding to the weld position to be inspected is added to the target position.

[0115] For example, in this embodiment, the above welding quality can be normal and abnormal, or it can be normal, poor weld, empty weld, inward shrinkage, jumper wire exceeding, etc. The embodiments of this application are not specifically limited.

[0116] Welding quality can be marked with different numbers, different colors, or keywords. This application does not specifically limit the marking method; those skilled in the art can determine it based on the actual situation.

[0117] For example, the corresponding position of the weld to be detected in the candidate region is mainly determined by coordinate system transformation, and the specific transformation formula is as follows:

[0118]

[0119]

[0120] Where, x dst y dst Here are the x and y coordinates in the image coordinate system of the candidate region; x src y src Let x and y be the x and y coordinates of the top-left vertex of the segmented region in the candidate region image coordinate system; x obj y obj Here are the x and y coordinates of the welding position to be detected in the image coordinate system of the segmented region; w x w y α represents the scaling ratio in the x and y directions when the segmented region image is scaled to the candidate region; α represents the angle between the weld position to be detected and the segmented region image along the x-axis; β represents the angle between the segmented region and the candidate region along the x-axis. All the above coordinate data are represented in the image coordinate system.

[0121] Adding welding quality markers for the weld position to be detected to the candidate area can involve adding all welding quality markers to the candidate area, or only adding some welding quality markers, such as abnormal welding quality markers, or welding quality markers for open welds and inward welds. This application embodiment does not specifically limit the welding quality markers added to the candidate area, and those skilled in the art can determine them according to actual needs.

[0122] Corresponding to the embodiments of the aforementioned methods, embodiments of the present application also provide embodiments of the apparatus and the terminal to which it is applied.

[0123] like Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6 This is a block diagram of a welding quality inspection device provided in an embodiment of this application, applied to defect detection of a solar panel. The solar panel includes multiple battery strings and multiple welding positions. The multiple battery strings are connected to busbars and to each other through welding positions. Each battery string includes multiple battery cells, and the multiple battery cells are connected to each other through inherent welding areas. The welding quality inspection device includes:

[0124] The target area determination module is used to determine the inherent welding area of ​​the solar cell from the image to be inspected corresponding to the solar panel, and to determine the target area where the welding position to be inspected is located based on the position of the inherent welding area of ​​the solar cell; wherein, the distance between the position of the inherent welding area of ​​the solar cell and the position of the welding position to be inspected is a fixed value that has been configured.

[0125] The feature parameter determination module is used to determine the feature parameters of the welding position to be detected based on the target area.

[0126] The welding quality determination module is used to determine the welding quality of the welding position to be inspected based on the characteristic parameters of the welding position to be inspected and the preset characteristic parameters.

[0127] This application provides a welding quality inspection device that determines the inherent welding area of ​​a solar cell from an image to be inspected, determines the target area of ​​the welding position to be inspected based on the position of the inherent welding area of ​​the solar cell, and determines the welding quality of the welding position to be inspected based on the characteristic parameters of the welding position to be inspected and preset characteristic parameters. This realizes automatic inspection of welding quality, effectively reduces labor costs, and improves inspection efficiency.

[0128] As an optional implementation of this application, the target region determination module 201 is specifically used for:

[0129] The solar panel in the image to be detected is located to obtain the candidate region where the solar panel is located.

[0130] The candidate region is divided into multiple partitioned regions;

[0131] For each segmented region, determine whether there is an inherent welding area of ​​the battery cell in that segmented region. If so, determine the target area where the welding position to be detected is located from the segmented region based on the location of the inherent welding area of ​​the battery cell.

[0132] As an optional implementation of this application, when dividing the candidate region into multiple segments, there is an overlapping area between two adjacent segments, and the width of the overlapping area between two adjacent segments is a preset value.

[0133] As an optional implementation of this application, the characteristic parameters of the welding position to be detected include at least one of the following: the width of the busbar where the welding position is located, the horizontal dimension of the welding position, and the vertical dimension of the welding position. The preset characteristic parameters include at least one of the following: a preset width ratio threshold and a preset height threshold. The welding quality determination module is specifically used for:

[0134] When the ratio of the horizontal dimension of the welding position to the width of the busbar in which the welding position is located is less than a preset width ratio threshold, and / or the vertical dimension of the welding position is less than a preset height threshold, the welding quality of the welding position to be inspected is determined to be abnormal.

[0135] When the ratio of the horizontal dimension of the welding position to the width of the busbar in which the welding position is located is greater than or equal to a preset width ratio threshold, and the vertical dimension of the welding position is greater than or equal to a preset height threshold, the welding quality of the welding position to be inspected is determined to be normal.

[0136] As an optional implementation of this application, the welding position to be detected is: the welding position between the battery string and the busbar. The characteristic parameters of the welding position to be detected further include: the total solder area of ​​the welding position, the maximum solder area of ​​the welding position, and the horizontal dimension of the welding position being the major axis length of the outer frame of the minimum solder area of ​​the welding position. The preset characteristic parameters also include: a preset area threshold, and anomalies include inward shrinkage and cold solder joints. The welding quality determination module is specifically used for:

[0137] If the maximum solder area is determined to be greater than the preset area threshold, and the ratio of the major axis of the minimum solder area's outer frame to the width of the busbar is less than the preset width ratio threshold, the soldering quality of the soldering position to be tested is determined to be inward shrinkage.

[0138] If it is determined that the maximum solder area is less than or equal to the preset area threshold, or the ratio of the major axis of the minimum solder area bounding frame to the busbar width is greater than or equal to the preset width ratio threshold, then it is determined whether the ratio of the total solder area to the busbar width is less than the preset height threshold.

[0139] When the ratio of the total solder area to the busbar width is determined to be less than the preset height threshold, the soldering quality of the soldering position to be tested is determined to be a cold solder joint.

[0140] As an optional embodiment of this application, the busbar includes a horizontal busbar and a vertical busbar. The vertical busbar is used to connect the battery string, and the horizontal busbar is used to fix the vertical busbar. The welding position to be detected is the welding position between the horizontal busbar and the vertical busbar. The characteristic parameters of the welding position to be detected also include the width of the vertical busbar where the welding position to be detected is located. Anomalies include: inward shrinkage and poor welding. The welding quality determination module is specifically used for:

[0141] If the ratio of the horizontal dimension of the welding position to the width of the vertical busbar is less than the preset width ratio threshold, the welding quality of the welding position to be inspected is determined to be inward.

[0142] If the ratio of the horizontal dimension of the welding position to the width of the vertical busbar is determined to be greater than or equal to a preset width ratio threshold, then determine whether the vertical dimension of the welding position is less than a preset height threshold.

[0143] If the vertical dimension of the welding position is determined to be less than the preset height threshold, the welding quality of the welding position to be inspected is determined to be a false weld.

[0144] As an optional embodiment of this application, the welding quality inspection device further includes:

[0145] The acquisition module is used to acquire the length values ​​of the vertical busbar exceeding the horizontal busbar and the length values ​​of the horizontal busbar exceeding the vertical busbar.

[0146] The jumper wire exceedance determination module is used to determine that the bus jumper wire exceeds the limit when the length of the vertical busbar exceeds the horizontal busbar is greater than a first preset length threshold, and / or when the length of the horizontal busbar exceeds the vertical busbar is greater than a second preset length threshold.

[0147] As an optional embodiment of this application, the welding quality inspection device further includes:

[0148] The module adds a target location corresponding to each weld location to be inspected in the candidate area, and adds a mark of the weld quality corresponding to the weld location to the target location.

[0149] The specific implementation process of the functions and roles of each unit in the above device can be found in the implementation process of the corresponding steps in the above method, and will not be repeated here.

[0150] For the device embodiments, since they basically correspond to the method embodiments, the relevant parts can be referred to in the description of the method embodiments. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as modules may or may not be physical modules, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network modules. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of the embodiments of this application according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without creative effort.

[0151] Correspondingly, embodiments of this application also provide Figure 6 The hardware structure diagram of the device shown is as follows: Figure 7 As shown, the electronic device can be a device implementing the above-described method. Figure 7 As shown, the hardware architecture includes a processor and memory.

[0152] The memory is used to store machine-executable instructions;

[0153] The processor is used to read and execute the machine-executable instructions stored in the memory to implement the welding quality inspection method embodiment shown above.

[0154] As one embodiment, the memory can be any electronic, magnetic, optical, or other physical storage device that can contain or store information such as executable instructions, data, etc. For example, the memory can be volatile memory, non-volatile memory, or similar storage media. Specifically, the memory can be RAM (Random Access Memory), flash memory, storage drives (such as hard disk drives), solid-state drives, any type of storage disk (such as optical discs, DVDs, etc.), or similar storage media, or combinations thereof.

[0155] This concludes the process. Figure 7 Description of the electronic device shown.

[0156] The foregoing has described specific embodiments of this specification. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims may be performed in a different order than that shown in the embodiments and may still achieve the desired result. Furthermore, the processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require the specific or sequential order shown to achieve the desired result. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are possible or may be advantageous.

[0157] Other embodiments of this specification will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention claimed herein. This specification is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations that follow the general principles of this specification and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not claimed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this specification are indicated by the following claims.

[0158] It should be understood that this specification is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this specification is limited only by the appended claims.

[0159] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this specification and is not intended to limit this specification. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this specification should be included within the scope of protection of this specification.

Claims

1. A welding quality inspection method, characterized in that, A method for defect detection in solar panels, wherein the solar panel includes multiple battery strings, busbars, and multiple welding positions, the multiple battery strings and the busbars are connected to each other and to each other through the welding positions, each battery string includes multiple battery cells, and the multiple battery cells are connected to each other through inherent welding areas of the battery cells, the method comprising: The inherent welding area of ​​the battery cell is determined from the image to be inspected corresponding to the battery panel, and the target area of ​​the welding position to be inspected is determined based on the position of the inherent welding area of ​​the battery cell; wherein, the distance between the position of the inherent welding area of ​​the battery cell and the position of the welding position to be inspected is a fixed value configured; wherein, if the welding position to be inspected is the welding position between the battery string and the busbar, the position area of ​​the inherent welding area of ​​the battery cell is horizontally shifted by the fixed value to determine the target area of ​​the welding position to be inspected; if the welding position to be inspected is the welding position between the busbars, the position area of ​​the inherent welding area of ​​the battery cell is horizontally shifted by the fixed value, and then vertically shifted to the intersection of the horizontal busbar and the vertical busbar to determine the target area of ​​the welding position to be inspected; Based on the target region, the characteristic parameters of the welding position to be detected are determined; The welding quality of the welding position to be detected is determined based on the characteristic parameters of the welding position to be detected and the preset characteristic parameters.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the inherent welding area of ​​the battery cell from the image to be inspected corresponding to the battery panel, and determining the target area where the welding position to be inspected is located based on the position of the inherent welding area of ​​the battery cell, includes: The solar panel in the image to be detected is located to obtain the candidate region where the solar panel is located. The candidate region is divided into multiple segmented regions; For each segmented region, determine whether there is an inherent welding area of ​​the battery cell in that segmented region. If so, determine the target area where the welding position to be detected is located from the segmented region based on the location of the inherent welding area of ​​the battery cell.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the candidate region is divided into multiple segments, there is an overlapping area between two adjacent segments, and the width of the overlapping area between two adjacent segments is a preset value.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The characteristic parameters of the welding position to be detected include at least one of the following: the width of the busbar where the welding position is located, the horizontal dimension of the welding position, and the vertical dimension of the welding position. The preset characteristic parameters include at least one of the following: a preset width ratio threshold and a preset height threshold. Determining the welding quality of the welding position to be detected based on the characteristic parameters of the welding position to be detected and the preset characteristic parameters includes: When the ratio of the horizontal dimension of the welding position to the width of the busbar in which the welding position is located is less than a preset width ratio threshold, and / or the vertical dimension of the welding position is less than a preset height threshold, the welding quality of the welding position to be tested is determined to be abnormal. When the ratio of the horizontal dimension of the welding position to the width of the busbar in which the welding position is located is greater than or equal to a preset width ratio threshold, and the vertical dimension of the welding position is greater than or equal to a preset height threshold, the welding quality of the welding position to be tested is determined to be normal.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The welding position to be detected is the welding position between the battery string and the busbar. The characteristic parameters of the welding position to be detected further include: the total solder area of ​​the welding position, the maximum solder area of ​​the welding position, and the horizontal dimension of the welding position being the major axis length of the outer frame of the minimum solder area of ​​the welding position. The preset characteristic parameters also include: a preset area threshold. The anomalies include indentation and cold solder joints. When the ratio of the horizontal dimension of the welding position to the width of the busbar where the welding position is located is less than a preset width ratio threshold, and / or the vertical dimension of the welding position is less than a preset height threshold, the welding quality of the welding position to be detected is determined to be abnormal, including: If it is determined that the maximum solder area is greater than the preset area threshold, and the ratio of the major axis of the minimum solder area outer frame to the width of the busbar is less than the preset width ratio threshold, the soldering quality of the soldering position to be detected is determined to be inward shrinkage. If it is determined that the maximum solder area is less than or equal to the preset area threshold or the ratio of the major axis of the minimum solder area outer frame to the busbar width is greater than or equal to the preset width ratio threshold, then it is determined whether the ratio of the total solder area to the busbar width is less than the preset height threshold. When it is determined that the ratio of the total solder area to the busbar width is less than a preset height threshold, the soldering quality of the soldering position to be tested is determined to be a cold solder joint.

6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The busbar includes a horizontal busbar and a vertical busbar. The vertical busbar is used to connect the battery string, and the horizontal busbar is used to fix the vertical busbar. The welding position to be detected is the welding position between the horizontal busbar and the vertical busbar. The characteristic parameters of the welding position to be detected also include the width of the vertical busbar where the welding position is located. The anomalies include: inward shrinkage and cold solder joints. When the ratio of the horizontal dimension of the welding position to the width of the busbar where the welding position is located is less than a preset width ratio threshold, and / or the vertical dimension of the welding position is less than a preset height threshold, the welding quality of the welding position to be detected is determined to be abnormal, including: If the ratio of the horizontal dimension of the welding position to the width of the vertical busbar is determined to be less than a preset width ratio threshold, the welding quality of the welding position to be tested is determined to be inward. If it is determined that the ratio of the horizontal dimension of the welding position to the width of the vertical busbar is greater than or equal to a preset width ratio threshold, then it is determined whether the vertical dimension of the welding position is less than the preset height threshold. When it is determined that the vertical dimension of the welding position is less than the preset height threshold, the welding quality of the welding position to be tested is determined to be a false weld.

7. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, After determining the welding quality of the welding position to be detected based on the characteristic parameters of the welding position to be detected and the preset characteristic parameters, the method further includes: For each weld position to be inspected, a target position corresponding to the weld position to be inspected is determined on the candidate area, and a mark of the weld quality corresponding to the weld position to be inspected is added to the target position.

8. A welding quality inspection device, characterized in that, An apparatus for defect detection in solar panels, wherein the solar panel includes multiple battery strings, busbars, and multiple welding positions, the multiple battery strings and the busbars are connected to each other and to each other through the welding positions, each battery string includes multiple battery cells, and the multiple battery cells are connected to each other through inherent welding areas of the battery cells, the apparatus comprising: The target area determination module is used to determine the inherent welding area of ​​the battery cell from the image to be inspected corresponding to the battery panel, and to determine the target area where the welding position to be inspected is located based on the position of the inherent welding area of ​​the battery cell; wherein, the distance between the position of the inherent welding area of ​​the battery cell and the position of the welding position to be inspected is a configured fixed value; wherein, if the welding position to be inspected is the welding position between the battery string and the busbar, the position area of ​​the inherent welding area of ​​the battery cell is horizontally shifted by the fixed value to determine the target area where the welding position to be inspected is located; if the welding position to be inspected is the welding position between the busbars, the position area of ​​the inherent welding area of ​​the battery cell is horizontally shifted by the fixed value, and then vertically shifted to the intersection of the horizontal busbar and the vertical busbar to determine the target area where the welding position to be inspected is located; A feature parameter determination module is used to determine the feature parameters of the welding position to be detected based on the target region. The welding quality determination module is used to determine the welding quality of the welding position to be detected based on the characteristic parameters of the welding position to be detected and preset characteristic parameters.

9. The apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that, The target region determination module is specifically used for: The solar panel in the image to be detected is located to obtain the candidate region where the solar panel is located. The candidate region is divided into multiple segmented regions; For each segmented region, determine whether there is an inherent welding area of ​​the battery cell in that segmented region. If so, determine the target area where the welding position to be detected is located from the segmented region based on the location of the inherent welding area of ​​the battery cell.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, Electronic devices include: processors and memory; The memory is used to store machine-executable instructions; The processor is configured to read and execute machine-executable instructions stored in the memory to implement the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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