A high-solid composite anti-icing and anti-slip coating for lubricants, its preparation method and application

Abstract

The present invention provides a lubricant high-retention composite anti-icing and slipping coating, and its preparation method and application, which belong to the field of functional coating technology. Calculated by mass, the raw materials for preparing the base coating in the present invention include: 100 parts of skeleton material, 0-40 parts of solid lubricant, 0.2-0.8 parts of leveling agent, 0.2-0.8 parts of defoaming agent, 0.2-1 parts of catalyst, and 20-75 parts of organic solvent; the skeleton material is a coating precursor and a curing agent; the coating precursor includes a resin precursor and a silicone precursor; the base coating is applied to the surface of the substrate, and a skeleton base layer is formed on the surface of the substrate after curing; a liquid lubricant is injected into the skeleton base layer to form a lubricant high-retention composite anti-icing and slipping coating on the surface of the substrate. The coating provided by the present invention is simple to prepare, can retain the liquid lubricant for a long time, maintain the anti-icing performance of the interface for a long time, and has good bonding performance with the substrate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of functional coatings, and in particular to a lubricant high-retention composite anti-icing and slip coating, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] In fields such as aerospace, power grids, machinery, and engineering, ice formation on exposed surfaces of equipment or devices can cause immeasurable losses, and how to prevent ice formation has attracted the attention of researchers. The key to anti-icing / de-icing research lies in reducing the adhesion between ice and the surface. Existing anti-icing strategies can be divided into two methods: the first is an active strategy that mainly relies on external energy input, and the second is a passive strategy based mainly on liquid repellent technology. Compared with active strategies, passive strategies are free from energy and system constraints and are considered to be one of the most important components of the new generation of anti-icing systems.

[0003] Hydrophobic surfaces and lubricant-infused surfaces (SLIPS) are the most typical passive anti-icing surfaces, which rely on the lotus leaf-inspired solid-air interface and the pitcher plant-inspired solid / liquid interface, respectively. Specifically, the former mainly constructs a surface roughness structure by hydrophobic substances, and uses spraying, spin coating, drip coating and other methods to prepare super-hydrophobic surfaces. The latter mainly constructs a porous structure on the surface, performs hydrophobic modification, and then injects liquid lubricants (such as silicone oil, perfluoropolyether, liquid paraffin, etc.) to effectively reduce the interfacial ice adhesion; among them, the liquid lubricant-injected surface can achieve hydrophobicity and super-slip through the liquid film formed by the liquid lubricant. However, the poor durability makes it difficult for these surfaces to maintain anti-icing function in harsh external environments, such as under high speed, high pressure or high shear conditions.

[0004] As far as the liquid lubricant is injected into the surface, improving the surface's ability to retain liquid lubricant is beneficial to improving the anti-icing effect. The current mainstream approach is to allow the surface to retain the lubricant for a long time by designing an oil-holding structure, using gel materials (such as using PDMS and a curing agent to form a gel material), or using solid lubricants. However, the design process of the oil-holding structure is complex; the gel material is still difficult to retain the lubricant under shear, which leads to anti-icing failure, and after the liquid lubricant is injected, the strength of the coating and the adhesion to the substrate are greatly reduced; compared to liquid lubricants, although solid lubricants have greatly improved in strength, the anti-icing effect still needs to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a lubricant high-retention composite anti-icing and slip coating, and its preparation method and application. The coating provided by the present invention is simple to prepare, can retain liquid lubricant for a long time, maintain the anti-icing performance of the interface for a long time, and has good bonding performance with the substrate.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a method for preparing a lubricant high-retention composite anti-icing slip coating, comprising the following steps:

[0008] A base coating is provided, wherein the raw materials for preparing the base coating include, by weight: 100 parts of a skeleton material, 0-40 parts of a solid lubricant, 0.2-0.8 parts of a leveling agent, 0.2-0.8 parts of a defoaming agent, 0.2-1 parts of a catalyst, and 20-75 parts of an organic solvent; the skeleton material is a coating precursor and a curing agent; the coating precursor includes a resin precursor and an organosilicon precursor;

[0009] Applying the base coating to the surface of the substrate, and forming a skeleton base on the surface of the substrate after curing;

[0010] Liquid lubricant is injected into the skeleton base layer to form a lubricant high-retention composite anti-icing and slip coating on the surface of the substrate.

[0011] Preferably, the resin precursor includes one or more of polyurethane, epoxy resin, fluorosilicone resin and acrylic resin; the organosilicon precursor includes one or more of hydroxy silicone oil, amino silicone oil, divinyl-terminated silicone oil and polydimethylsiloxane.

[0012] Preferably, the curing agent includes a resin curing agent and a silicone curing agent.

[0013] Preferably, the resin curing agent comprises one or more of polyetheramine, polyamidoamine, hexafluorophosphate ammonium and isocyanate, and the mass of the resin curing agent is 5 to 50% of the mass of the resin precursor;

[0014] The organosilicon curing agent includes one or more of ethyl orthosilicate, tetrabutyl silicate, tetrabutyl titanate, ethyl titanate and polydimethylsiloxane curing agent, and the mass of the organosilicon curing agent is 5-50% of the mass of the organosilicon precursor.

[0015] Preferably, the solid lubricant includes one or more of oleamide, erucamide, stearamide, solid paraffin and octadecane.

[0016] Preferably, the liquid lubricant includes one or more of perfluoropolyether, ethyl acetate, silicone oil and liquid paraffin.

[0017] Preferably, the liquid lubricant is injected by dripping or soaking.

[0018] Preferably, the substrate is made of metal, glass, fabric, paper, wood, cement or carbon fiber material.

[0019] The present invention provides a lubricant high-retention composite anti-icing and slip coating prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical solution, comprising a skeleton base layer and a liquid lubricant; the skeleton base layer is formed by a base layer coating, and the liquid lubricant is filled into the pores of the skeleton base layer and forms a liquid film on the surface of the skeleton base layer.

[0020] The present invention provides the application of the lubricant high-retention composite anti-icing slip coating described in the above technical solution in the surface anti-icing of wind power generation, aircraft, airplanes, high-altitude cold line railways or radars.

[0021] The present invention provides a method for preparing a lubricant high-retention composite anti-icing and slip coating, comprising the following steps: providing a base coating, wherein the raw materials for preparing the base coating include, by mass, 100 parts of a skeleton material, 0 to 40 parts of a solid lubricant, 0.2 to 0.8 parts of a leveling agent, 0.2 to 0.8 parts of a defoaming agent, 0.2 to 1 parts of a catalyst, and 20 to 75 parts of an organic solvent; the skeleton material is a coating precursor and a curing agent; the coating precursor includes a resin precursor and a silicone precursor; the base coating is applied to the surface of a substrate, and after curing, a skeleton base layer is formed on the surface of the substrate; a liquid lubricant is injected into the skeleton base layer to form a lubricant high-retention composite anti-icing and slip coating on the surface of the substrate. The present invention uses raw materials such as resin precursors and silicone precursors compounded with curing agents to form a skeleton base layer with an interpenetrating polymer network (including a resin skeleton with hard properties and high bonding performance and a silicone skeleton with soft elastic properties). The skeleton base layer has extremely strong adhesion to the substrate surface and can suppress the problem of excessive expansion caused by the introduction of liquid lubricants, overcoming the problems of low mechanical strength and low adhesion caused by the injection of liquid lubricants in traditional gel materials.

[0022] Furthermore, by introducing solid lubricants, while improving the coating's ability to retain liquid lubricants, the loss and functional failure of liquid lubricants due to shearing and other effects can be greatly reduced, the slip characteristics of the interface can be maintained for a long time, and extremely low ice adhesion performance can be maintained for a long time.

[0023] Therefore, the coating prepared by the method of the present invention can retain the liquid lubricant for a long time, maintain the anti-icing performance of the interface for a long time, and has good adhesion to the substrate. It is suitable for the surfaces of various equipment with anti-icing requirements and meets the strength requirements of the coating on the surfaces of devices such as aircraft.

[0024] At the same time, the method provided by the present invention has simple raw materials, is easy to operate, can prepare coatings on a large area, has low production costs, and is suitable for large-scale production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1Schematic diagram of the preparation method of the lubricant high-retention composite anti-icing slip coating of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the lubricant high-retention composite anti-icing slip coating of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a reaction flow chart of forming an organosilicon skeleton during the curing process of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a reaction flow chart of forming a resin skeleton during the curing process of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is an optical photograph of the lubricant high-retention composite anti-icing slip coating of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 Graph showing contact angle test results of the composite anti-icing and slip coatings prepared in Examples 1 to 9 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6;

[0031] Figure 7 Graph showing the slip angle test results of the composite anti-icing slip coatings prepared in Examples 1 to 9 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6;

[0032] Figure 8 Graph showing ice adhesion test results of the skeleton base layers (i.e., the composite anti-icing and slip coatings before injection of liquid lubricant) prepared in Examples 1 to 9 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6;

[0033] Figure 9 Graph showing ice adhesion test results of the composite anti-icing and slip coatings prepared in Examples 1 to 9 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 after injection of liquid lubricant;

[0034] Figure 10 Graph showing the time-dependent changes in oil content (Examples 4-6) and ice adhesion strength (Examples 4 and 6) of the lubricant high-retention composite anti-icing slip coatings prepared in Examples 4-6 when sheared at a rotation speed of 2500 RPM;

[0035] Figure 11 The graph shows the change in oil content (Examples 7 to 9) and ice adhesion strength (Examples 7 and 9) of the lubricant high-retention composite anti-icing slip coating prepared in Examples 7 to 9 over time when sheared at a rotation speed of 2500 RPM. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The present invention provides a method for preparing a lubricant high-retention composite anti-icing slip coating, comprising the following steps:

[0037] A base coating is provided, wherein the raw materials for preparing the base coating include, by weight: 100 parts of a skeleton material, 0-40 parts of a solid lubricant, 0.2-0.8 parts of a leveling agent, 0.2-0.8 parts of a defoaming agent, 0.2-1 parts of a catalyst, and 20-75 parts of an organic solvent; the skeleton material is a coating precursor and a curing agent; the coating precursor includes a resin precursor and an organosilicon precursor;

[0038] Applying the base coating to the surface of the substrate, and forming a skeleton base on the surface of the substrate after curing;

[0039] Liquid lubricant is injected into the skeleton base layer to form a lubricant high-retention composite anti-icing and slip coating on the surface of the substrate.

[0040] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the raw materials used are commercially available products well known to those skilled in the art.

[0041] The present invention provides a base coating, wherein the raw materials for preparing the base coating include, by weight, 100 parts of a skeleton material, 0 to 40 parts of a solid lubricant, 0.2 to 0.8 parts of a leveling agent, 0.2 to 0.8 parts of a defoaming agent, 0.2 to 1 parts of a catalyst, and 20 to 75 parts of an organic solvent. The raw materials are described in detail below.

[0042] In parts by mass, the raw materials for preparing the base coating described in the present invention include 100 parts of a skeleton material. In the present invention, the skeleton material is a coating precursor and a curing agent, and the coating precursor includes a resin precursor and an organosilicon precursor. When the coating precursor is a resin precursor and an organosilicon precursor, the resin precursor and the organosilicon precursor can be in any ratio. Specifically, the mass ratio of the resin precursor and the organosilicon precursor is preferably (1 to 3): (1 to 3), more preferably 1:3, 1:1 or 3:1. In the present invention, the resin precursor preferably includes one or more of polyurethane, epoxy resin, fluorosilicone resin and acrylic resin, and the epoxy resin is preferably E51 epoxy resin; the organosilicon precursor preferably includes one or more of hydroxy silicone oil, amino silicone oil, divinyl-terminated silicone oil and polydimethylsiloxane. The present invention uses a resin precursor and an organosilicon precursor as coating precursors. Under the action of a curing agent, the two react in a complementary manner to form a skeleton base layer having an interpenetrating polymer network (including a resin skeleton with high strength and high bonding properties and an organosilicon skeleton with soft elastic properties), which can enhance the bonding strength with the substrate, improve the lipophilicity of the coating, and facilitate the absorption of liquid lubricants.

[0043] In the present invention, the curing agent preferably includes a resin curing agent and an organosilicon curing agent. Specifically, the resin curing agent is compounded with the resin precursor, and the organosilicon curing agent is compounded with the organosilicon precursor. In the present invention, the resin curing agent preferably includes one or more of polyetheramine, polyamidoamine, hexafluorophosphate ammonium, and isocyanate. The mass of the resin curing agent is preferably 5-50% of the mass of the resin precursor, more preferably 20-40%, more preferably 30-35%, and even more preferably 33.3%. In the present invention, the organosilicon curing agent includes one or more of tetraethyl orthosilicate, tetrabutyl silicate, tetrabutyl titanate, ethyl titanate, and polydimethylsiloxane curing agent. The polydimethylsiloxane curing agent is preferably 9400B polydimethylsiloxane curing agent. The mass of the organosilicon curing agent is preferably 5-50% of the mass of the organosilicon precursor, more preferably 6-30%, more preferably 8-20%, and even more preferably 10-15%.

[0044] Based on the mass fraction of the skeleton material, the raw materials used to prepare the base coating of the present invention include 0-40 parts, preferably 5-30 parts, and more preferably 10-20 parts, of a solid lubricant. In the present invention, the solid lubricant preferably includes one or more of oleamide, erucamide, stearamide, paraffin wax, and octadecane. In the present invention, the solid lubricant can be evenly dispersed within the coating structure, improving the coating's lipophilicity and lubricity, and facilitating the retention of the liquid lubricant.

[0045] Based on the mass fraction of the skeleton material, the raw materials for preparing the base coating of the present invention include 0.2 to 0.8 parts, preferably 0.2 to 0.5 parts, of a leveling agent. In the present invention, the leveling agent preferably includes one or more of terminal-modified silicone, polyether polyester-modified organosiloxane, alkyl-modified organosiloxane, acrylic leveling agent, and fluorine-based leveling agent. In the embodiment of the present invention, BYK300 leveling agent is specifically used.

[0046] Based on the mass fraction of the skeleton material, the raw materials for preparing the base coating in the present invention include 0.2 to 0.8 parts of defoaming agent, preferably 0.2 to 0.5 parts. In the present invention, the defoaming agent preferably includes tributyl phosphate and / or trioctyl phosphate.

[0047] Based on the mass fraction of the skeleton material, the raw materials for preparing the base coating in the present invention include 0.2 to 1 parts of a catalyst, preferably 0.3 to 0.5 parts. In the present invention, the catalyst preferably includes an organotin catalyst, and the organotin catalyst preferably includes one or more of dibutyltin dilaurate, stannous octoate, and dibutyltin diacetate.

[0048] Based on the mass fraction of the skeleton material, the raw materials for preparing the base coating in the present invention include 100 to 10,000 parts of an organic solvent, preferably 800 to 1,000 parts. In the present invention, the organic solvent preferably includes one or more of xylene, toluene, butyl acetate, ethyl acetate, acetone, and ethanol.

[0049] In the present invention, the preparation method of the base coating preferably comprises the following steps:

[0050] performing a first mixing of a coating precursor, a solid lubricant and an organic solvent to obtain a first dispersion;

[0051] performing a second mixing of the first dispersion, the curing agent, the leveling agent and the defoaming agent to obtain a second dispersion;

[0052] The second dispersion liquid is mixed with a catalyst for a third time to obtain a base coating.

[0053] In the present invention, the first mixing is preferably carried out sequentially under stirring and ultrasonic conditions; the stirring is preferably mechanical stirring; and the stirring and ultrasonic conditions are based on ensuring that the prepared raw materials are fully mixed and uniformly to obtain a clear first dispersion. In the present invention, the second and third mixing are preferably carried out under stirring conditions to ensure that the prepared raw materials are fully mixed and uniformly.

[0054] After obtaining the base coating, the present invention applies the base coating to the surface of a substrate. After curing, a skeleton base layer is formed on the substrate surface. In the present invention, the substrate is preferably made of metal, glass, fabric, paper, wood, cement, or carbon fiber; specifically, the substrate can be a sheet material. In the present invention, the substrate is preferably pretreated before use, preferably including washing and drying. The cleaning agent used for washing preferably includes ethanol, acetone, or xylene. The present invention does not specify the drying conditions, as long as sufficient drying is achieved. In the present invention, the coating method preferably includes spraying, spin coating, drip coating, dip coating, or knife coating. The present invention does not specify the specific coating conditions or the amount of base coating applied, as long as a skeleton base layer meeting the required thickness is obtained after curing. In the present invention, the curing temperature is preferably 20-85°C, more preferably 80-85°C, and the curing time is preferably 2-24 hours to ensure sufficient curing. Curing is preferably performed under static conditions. In the present invention, the organic solvent is fully evaporated and removed during the curing process, and the coating precursor is fully crosslinked and cured under the action of the curing agent. The present invention has no special limitation on the thickness of the skeleton base layer, which can be selected according to actual needs. Specifically, the thickness of the skeleton base layer is preferably 10 to 500 μm.

[0055] After obtaining the skeleton base layer, the present invention injects a liquid lubricant into the skeleton base layer to form a lubricant high-retention composite anti-icing and slip coating on the surface of the substrate. In the present invention, the liquid lubricant preferably includes one or more of perfluoropolyether, ethyl acetate, silicone oil (i.e., dimethyl silicone oil) and liquid paraffin, and the viscosity of the silicone oil is preferably 250 to 500 mPa·s, more preferably 350 mPa·s. In the present invention, the injection method of the liquid lubricant preferably includes dripping or immersion, and the immersion can be carried out under normal pressure conditions or under vacuum conditions; the immersion time is preferably 6 to 24 hours, more preferably 10 to 12 hours; the immersion is preferably carried out under static conditions. The present invention does not specifically limit the injection amount of the liquid lubricant, as long as it is ensured to be fully injected.

[0056] The present invention provides a high-retention composite anti-icing and skidding lubricant coating prepared by the method described in the above technical solution, comprising a skeleton base layer and a liquid lubricant; the skeleton base layer is formed from a base coating, and the liquid lubricant fills the pores of the skeleton base layer and forms a liquid film on the surface of the skeleton base layer. In the present invention, the solid lubricant is specifically dispersed in the skeleton base layer in a solid form.

[0057] The present invention provides the application of the lubricant high-retention composite anti-icing slip coating described in the above technical solution in the surface anti-icing of wind power generation, aircraft, airplanes, high-altitude cold line railways or radars.

[0058] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0059] Examples 1 to 9

[0060] A lubricant high-retention composite anti-icing and slip coating was prepared according to the formula in Table 1, specifically as follows:

[0061] Mixing a resin precursor (specifically, E51 epoxy resin), an organosilicon precursor (specifically, hydroxy silicone oil), a solid lubricant (specifically, erucamide), and xylene, and sequentially subjecting the mixture to mechanical stirring and ultrasonication to uniformly mix the components to obtain a clear first dispersion;

[0062] Adding a resin curing agent (specifically polyetheramine), an organosilicon curing agent (specifically tetraethyl orthosilicate), a leveling agent (specifically BYK300 leveling agent), and a defoaming agent (specifically tributyl phosphate) to the first dispersion, stirring and mixing until uniformly mixed, to obtain a second dispersion;

[0063] Adding a catalyst (specifically dibutyltin dilaurate) to the second dispersion, stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain a base coating;

[0064] The substrate (specifically, a glass sheet) is cleaned with a cleaning agent (specifically, acetone) and then dried. The base coating is sprayed onto the dried surface of the substrate using a spray gun driven by compressed air. The base coating is then cured at 80° C. for 2 hours to form a skeleton base layer on the surface of the substrate.

[0065] The substrate with the skeleton base layer attached was placed in a liquid lubricant (specifically silicone oil with a viscosity of 350 mPa·s) and immersed in a vacuum condition for 12 hours to obtain a lubricant high-retention composite anti-icing and slip coating on the substrate surface.

[0066] Table 1 Amount of each raw material used in the base coating of Examples 1 to 9

[0067]

[0068]

[0069] Comparative Examples 1 to 6

[0070] The skeleton base layer and the composite anti-icing and slip coating were prepared according to the method of Example 1, except that the amounts of the raw materials used in preparing the skeleton base layer in Comparative Examples 1 to 6 are shown in Table 2.

[0071] Table 2 Amount of each raw material used in the base coating of Comparative Examples 1 to 6

[0072]

[0073] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the preparation method of the lubricant high-retention composite anti-icing and slip coating of the present invention. The raw materials for preparing the base coating are mixed and sprayed onto the surface of the substrate to form a skeleton base, which can serve as a lubricant retaining skeleton. The liquid lubricant subsequently injected is filled into the pores of the lubricant retaining skeleton, and finally a lubricant high-retention composite anti-icing and slip coating is formed on the surface of the substrate.

[0074] Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the structure of the lubricant high-retention composite anti-icing slip coating of the present invention is that the present invention forms an interpenetrating polymer network (including a resin skeleton with hard properties and high bonding properties and an organic silicon skeleton with soft elastic properties) by using resin precursors and organic silicon precursors compounded with curing agents and other raw materials. It has extremely strong adhesion and can suppress the problem of excessive expansion caused by the introduction of liquid lubricants, thus overcoming the problem of gel materials being susceptible to swelling after the injection of liquid lubricants ( Figure 2 The base color of the skeleton base represents the liquid lubricant filled into the skeleton base. Figure 2The figure does not illustrate the low mechanical strength and low adhesion problems caused by the liquid lubricant forming a liquid film on the surface of the skeleton base. By introducing a solid lubricant, the coating's ability to retain the liquid lubricant is improved, which can greatly reduce the loss and functional failure of the liquid lubricant due to shearing and other effects, and can maintain the slip characteristics of the interface for a long time, and can maintain extremely low ice adhesion performance for a long time.

[0075] Figure 3 The following is a reaction flow chart for forming an organosilicon skeleton during the curing process of the present invention. Taking the organosilicon precursor as hydroxy silicone oil, the organosilicon curing agent as tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), and the catalyst as dibutyltin dilaurate as an example, under the catalysis of dibutyltin dilaurate, a condensation reaction occurs between the hydrolysis product of TEOS and the terminal hydroxyl groups of the hydroxy silicone oil, thereby forming the organosilicon skeleton.

[0076] Figure 4 Figure 3 is a reaction flow chart for forming a resin skeleton during the curing process of the present invention. Taking E51 epoxy resin as a resin precursor and polyetheramine as a resin curing agent as an example, the primary amine group of the polyetheramine can undergo a ring-opening reaction with the E51 epoxy resin to form a cross-linked polymer hard skeleton, i.e., a resin skeleton.

[0077] Figure 5 1 is an optical photograph of the lubricant high-retention composite anti-icing slip coating of the present invention, and the result shows that the surface of the lubricant high-retention composite anti-icing slip coating appears white.

[0078] Performance Testing

[0079] Figure 6 The following graph shows contact angle test results for the composite anti-icing and slipping coatings prepared in Examples 1-9 and Comparative Examples 1-6. The organosilicon backbone content in the graph represents the percentage of the combined mass of the organosilicon precursor and organosilicon curing agent relative to the total mass of the organosilicon precursor, organosilicon curing agent, resin precursor, and resin curing agent. The results show that the high-retention lubricant composite anti-icing and slipping coatings prepared in Examples 1-9 exhibit excellent hydrophobicity, with contact angles ranging from 82° to 90°, depending on the organosilicon backbone content and solid lubricant content.

[0080] Figure 7 The graph shows the slip angle test results of the composite anti-icing slip coatings prepared in Examples 1 to 9 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6. The results show that, depending on the silicone skeleton content and the solid lubricant content, the lubricant-rich composite anti-icing slip coatings prepared in Examples 1 to 9 exhibit excellent droplet slip characteristics, with a specific slip angle of 2° to 6°.

[0081] Figure 8This is a graph showing the ice adhesion test results of the skeleton base layers (i.e., before the composite anti-icing and slip coatings are injected with liquid lubricant) prepared in Examples 1 to 9 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6. The results show that the ice adhesion strength of the skeleton base layers prepared in Examples 1 to 9 is 30 to 53 kPa. Figure 9 The ice adhesion test results of the composite anti-icing and slip coatings prepared in Examples 1 to 9 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 show that with the injection of liquid lubricant, the lubricant-rich composite anti-icing and slip coatings prepared in Examples 1 to 9 exhibit extremely low ice adhesion strength (≤16 kPa).

[0082] Figure 10 The graph shows the change in oil content (Examples 4 to 6) and ice adhesion strength (Examples 4 and 6) of the high-retention composite anti-icing and slip coatings prepared in Examples 4 to 6 over time when sheared at a rotation speed of 2500 RPM. The oil content is the percentage of the mass of the liquid lubricant contained in the current coating to the mass of the initial liquid lubricant. The results show that the high-retention composite anti-icing and slip coating with a lubricant containing 50% silicone skeleton content can still maintain extremely low ice adhesion (≤20 kPa) and an oil content of 18% when sheared at 2500 RPM for 1500s.

[0083] Figure 11 The graph shows the change in oil content (Examples 7 to 9) and ice adhesion strength (Examples 7 and 9) of the lubricant high-retention composite anti-icing and slip coating prepared in Examples 7 to 9 when sheared at a rotation speed of 2500 RPM over time. The results show that the lubricant high-retention composite anti-icing and slip coating containing 75% silicone skeleton content can still maintain extremely low ice adhesion (≤20 kPa) and 20% oil content when sheared at 2500 RPM for 1500s.

[0084] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a lubricant high-retention composite anti-icing slip coating, comprising the following steps: Mixing E51 epoxy resin, hydroxy silicone oil, erucamide, and xylene, and sequentially subjecting the mixture to mechanical stirring and ultrasonication to uniformly mix the components to obtain a clear first dispersion; Adding polyetheramine, tetraethyl orthosilicate, BYK300 leveling agent and tributyl phosphate to the first dispersion, stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain a second dispersion; adding dibutyltin dilaurate to the second dispersion, stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain a base coating; The glass sheet was cleaned with acetone and then dried, and the base coating was sprayed onto the surface of the dried glass sheet using a compressed air-driven spray gun, and then cured at 80° C. for 2 hours to form a skeleton base layer on the surface of the glass sheet; A glass slide with a skeleton substrate was placed in silicone oil with a viscosity of 350 mPa·s and immersed in vacuum for 12 hours to obtain a lubricant-rich composite anti-icing coating on the surface of the glass slide. The amounts of the raw materials used in the base coating are as follows, in parts by mass: 45.5 parts of hydroxy silicone oil, 4.5 parts of ethyl orthosilicate, 37.5 parts of E51 epoxy resin, 12.5 parts of polyetheramine, 0.2 parts of tributyl phosphate, 0.2 parts of BYK300 leveling agent, 10 parts of erucamide, 0.5 parts of dibutyltin dilaurate, and 1000 parts of xylene.

2. The lubricant high-retention composite anti-icing and slip coating prepared by the preparation method of claim 1 comprises a skeleton base layer and a liquid lubricant; the skeleton base layer is formed by a base layer coating, the liquid lubricant fills the pores of the skeleton base layer and forms a liquid film on the surface of the skeleton base layer, and the liquid lubricant is silicone oil with a viscosity of 350 mPa·s.

3. Application of the lubricant high-retention composite anti-icing slip coating according to claim 2 in surface anti-icing of wind power generation, aircraft, high-altitude cold line railway or radar.

4. Use of the lubricant high-retention composite anti-icing slip coating according to claim 2 in anti-icing of aircraft surfaces.

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