A Method for Evaluating the Effect of Actual Combat Air Combat Confrontation Training

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of air combat training, and particularly relates to a method for evaluating the effectiveness of actual combat air combat confrontation training. The present invention combines the real-time adjudication evaluation of the entire process of air combat confrontation training with the comprehensive effectiveness evaluation of training data playback, and constructs a corresponding evaluation system in stages. It mainly conducts real-time adjudication on the results of weapon attacks and defenses in each wave, and uses the battle damage rate, exchange rate, and attack cycle as the main evaluation indicators to evaluate the mission completion ability; the comprehensive effectiveness evaluation focuses on the effectiveness evaluation of the attack process and defense process of air combat confrontation training. The present invention can directly provide a model method for evaluating the effectiveness of actual combat air combat confrontation training, which can not only adjudicate and evaluate the victory or defeat of confrontation training in real time and test the overall training level, but also analyze through training data playback to focus on the weapon equipment usage ability and tactical combat method level during the attack and defense process of confrontation training; overall improve the effectiveness of actual combat air combat confrontation training and guide the systematic development of air combat training.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of air combat training, and particularly relates to a method for evaluating the effect of actual combat air combat confrontation training. Background Art

[0002] Under the background of actual combat military training, air combat training has gradually become more in-depth and practical. As an indispensable and important part of air combat training, the evaluation of confrontation training effect has become an important starting point for promoting scientific, refined, and efficient training. However, due to the complex and changeable process of actual combat air combat confrontation training, there is still a lack of effective training effect evaluation methods at present, which greatly restricts the healthy and sustainable development of air combat training.

[0003] Many exploratory studies on air combat training evaluation have been carried out at home and abroad, but most of them focus on directions such as simulated air combat and evaluation of equipment combat effectiveness. They mainly conduct effectiveness evaluation during the combat process from the perspective of weapons and equipment through theoretical model calculations. There is no evaluation method for the effect of actual combat air combat training based on the actual equipment participating in the training platform, and it cannot effectively support air combat confrontation training aimed at testing the overall training level, improving the use ability of weapons and equipment, and the application effect of tactical strategies. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to propose a method for evaluating the effect of actual combat air combat confrontation training. Based on the actual equipment participating in the training platform, aiming at testing the overall training level, improving the use ability of weapons and equipment, and the application effect of tactical strategies, a training effect evaluation system is constructed in stages, multi-levels, and in a systematic manner to support the improvement of the effect of actual combat air combat confrontation training and guide the systematic development of air combat training.

[0005] To solve this technical problem, the technical solution of the present invention is: a method for evaluating the effect of actual combat air combat confrontation training, which constructs a complete evaluation system for the effect of air combat confrontation training according to the main purpose and training subjects of air combat confrontation training; based on the actual equipment participating in the training platform, aiming at testing the overall training level, improving the use ability of weapons and equipment, and the application effect of tactical strategies, combines the real-time adjudication evaluation of the entire process of air combat confrontation training with the comprehensive effectiveness evaluation of training data playback, and constructs corresponding evaluation systems in stages; conducts real-time adjudication on the results of weapon attacks and defenses in each wave, and uses the battle damage rate, exchange rate, and attack cycle as the main evaluation indicators to evaluate the task completion ability; the comprehensive effectiveness evaluation takes the effectiveness evaluation of the attack process and defense process of air combat confrontation training as the core. The attack process focuses on the evaluation of maneuverability, detection ability, attack ability, and system integration ability, and the defense process focuses on the evaluation of maneuverability, survivability, and system integration ability.

[0006] The specific steps are as follows:

[0007] After the training starts in Step 1, the spatio-temporal positions, maneuverability data, detection ability data, attack ability data, survivability data, and system integration ability data of the actual training platforms are collected in real time and periodically.

[0008] After firing weapons under attack conditions in Step 2, based on the data collected in real time in Step 1, the attack process is simulated in real time with high-confidence weapon simulation, and the key data during the weapon simulation process is recorded.

[0009] In Step 3, the distance between the simulated weapon and the attacked party is calculated in real time, compared with the hit adjudication threshold, and hit adjudication is carried out.

[0010] In Step 4, if a hit occurs, damage assessment is carried out according to the weapon damage ability and the protection measures of the attacked party; if no hit occurs, return to Step 2.

[0011] After the end of this attack in Step 5, the battle damage rates, exchange rates, and attack cycles of both the attacking and defending sides are calculated in real time, the task completion ability is evaluated, and it is judged whether the training is over. If the training is not over, return to Step 2.

[0012] After the training ends in Step 6, the offensive and defensive relationships and corresponding data during the confrontation training are extracted, and data normalization processing is carried out to eliminate the influence of index types and dimensions.

[0013] In Step 7, through a combination of subjective and objective methods, the weights ω of the effectiveness evaluation indexes for the attack process and defense process are determined hierarchically. ij ;

[0014] In Step 8, through the aggregation of evaluation indexes, the comprehensive effectiveness evaluation of the offensive and defensive processes of the actual combat air combat confrontation training is completed to support the analysis of training effects.

[0015] In the above Step 1, the maneuverability data includes approach speed, roll acceleration, pitch acceleration, yaw acceleration, overload, thrust-to-weight ratio; the detection ability data includes the number of targets simultaneously tracked by the radar, radar target tracking loss rate, radar target interception distance, radar target interception period, radar target detection accuracy, radar false target interception rate, number of targets simultaneously tracked by the electro-optical radar, electro-optical radar target tracking loss rate, electro-optical radar target detection azimuth accuracy, electro-optical radar false target interception rate; the attack ability data includes beyond-visual-range missile attack distance, beyond-visual-range missile off-axis angle, beyond-visual-range missile launch speed, beyond-visual-range missile launch height, within-visual-range missile attack distance, within-visual-range missile off-axis angle, within-visual-range missile launch speed, within-visual-range missile launch height, within-visual-range cannon attack distance, within-visual-range cannon launch speed; the survivability data includes radar stealth ability index, stability index of being tracked and guided, RCS, infrared stealth ability index, incoming missile warning rate, attacker detection warning rate, active interference success rate, passive interference success rate; the system integration ability data includes communication ability index, information coordination ability index, command coordination ability index.

[0016] During the simulation process of step 2, the key data are the success situation of the beyond-visual-range missile attack in the handover stage, the seeker acquisition range, the missile hit situation, the missile hit situation during the visual-range missile attack process, and the hit situation during the visual-range cannon attack process.

[0017] In step 3, the hit adjudication threshold is the hit radius of this type of weapon, and different adjudication thresholds can be set for different weapons.

[0018] In step 4, the damage assessment method based on the weapon's damage ability and the attacked party's protection measures is as follows: convert the weapon's damage ability and the attacked party's protection ability into health values, subtract the two to obtain the current health value of the attacked party as the damage assessment result, and determine whether the attacked party withdraws from the training.

[0019] In step 5, the calculation methods of the battle damage rate, exchange ratio, and attack cycle are as follows:

[0020] Battle damage rate = number of aircraft losses on one's own side / number of aircraft dispatched;

[0021] Exchange ratio = number of kills on one's own side : number of aircraft killed on one's own side;

[0022] The attack cycle is the whole process cycle from the initial acquisition of the target to the launch and hit of the weapon.

[0023] In step 6, the data normalization process classifies each evaluation index x ij into two types: benefit type and cost type. The benefit type is the index for which the larger the value, the better the impact on the air combat confrontation training efficiency, and the cost type is the index for which the smaller the value, the better the impact on the air combat confrontation training efficiency. The benefit type data includes: approach speed, roll acceleration, pitch acceleration, yaw acceleration, overload, thrust-to-weight ratio, number of targets simultaneously tracked by radar, radar target acquisition range, number of targets simultaneously tracked by optoelectronic radar, beyond-visual-range missile attack range, beyond-visual-range missile off-axis angle, beyond-visual-range missile launch speed, beyond-visual-range missile launch altitude, beyond-visual-range seeker acquisition range, visual-range missile attack range, visual-range missile off-axis angle, visual-range missile launch speed, visual-range missile launch altitude, visual-range cannon attack range, visual-range cannon launch speed. The cost type data includes: radar target tracking loss rate, radar target acquisition cycle, radar target detection accuracy, optoelectronic radar target detection azimuth accuracy, RCS. After normalization, it is represented as r ij , and the calculation method is:

[0024]

[0025]

[0026] Among them, maxx ij is x during this attack / defense processij The maximum value, minx ij is the x value during this attack / defense process ij The minimum value; where i ∈ [1, m], representing the i-th level in the evaluation index system, with the level increasing gradually from the top layer downwards; j ∈ [1, n], representing the number of indicators associated with this level.

[0027] The method for determining the weights of the effectiveness evaluation indicators in step 7: Based on the training objective, increase the indicator weight ω of the key training capabilities ij and ensure that the sum of the weights of all associated indicators is 1;

[0028] In step 8, the evaluation indicator aggregation mainly multiplies the normalized evaluation indicator data at the lower level by its weight and then superimposes them to aggregate into the normalized evaluation data T at the higher level i-1 until it is aggregated to the top layer T0, and the calculation method is:

[0029]

[0030] where T i-1 represents the effectiveness of the i - 1 level indicator aggregated from the indicators associated with the i-th layer.

[0031] The technical effect of the present invention is: The method of the present invention divides the air combat confrontation training evaluation into two stages, namely, the real-time adjudication evaluation during the training process and the comprehensive effectiveness evaluation based on the data recorded during the training process. The real-time adjudication evaluation mainly examines the overall training level through the victory or defeat of the confrontation training. The comprehensive effectiveness evaluation mainly focuses on the weapon equipment usage ability and the tactical and combat method level during the attack and defense process of the confrontation training, evaluates the achievement of the training objectives, analyzes the problems and deficiencies in the training, and supports the improvement of the pilot's weapon equipment usage ability and the innovation of tactical and combat methods. The method of the present invention solves the problem that the effect of actual combat air combat confrontation training cannot be evaluated. Based on the actual equipment participating in the training platform, aiming at examining the overall training level, improving the weapon equipment usage ability and the effect of tactical and combat method application, it constructs a training effect evaluation system in a phased, multi-level and systematic manner, supports the improvement of the actual combat air combat confrontation training effect, and guides the systematic development of air combat training. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 is the overall diagram of the air combat confrontation training effect evaluation system;

[0033] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the diagram of the effectiveness evaluation index system during the attack process in

[0034] Figure 3 is Figure 1 the diagram of the effectiveness evaluation index system during the defense process in

[0035] Figure 4 This is the overall flowchart of the evaluation method for the actual combat air combat confrontation training effect. Specific implementation manners

[0036] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0037] The present invention proposes an evaluation method for the actual combat air combat confrontation training effect. Taking the air-to-air confrontation training in a certain exercise activity as an example, the participating aircraft of both the red and blue sides are 2 aircraft of the same model with the ability to collect training data in real time. The main training objectives are to assess the pilot's ability to use beyond-visual-range missiles and the level of tactical methods in an actual combat environment, etc.

[0038] The evaluation index system diagram of the air combat confrontation training effect constructed by the present invention is as Figures 1 to 3 shown.

[0039] The overall process of the evaluation method for the actual combat air combat confrontation training effect proposed by the present invention is as Figure 4 shown, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0040] Step 1 After the training starts, periodically collect in real time the spatio-temporal position, maneuverability data, detection ability data, attack ability data, survival ability data, and system integration ability data of the actual equipment participating platforms;

[0041] The maneuverability data are approach speed, roll acceleration, pitch acceleration, yaw acceleration, overload, thrust-to-weight ratio;

[0042] The detection ability data are the number of targets simultaneously tracked by the radar, the radar target tracking loss rate, the radar target interception distance, the radar target interception period, the radar target detection accuracy, the radar false target interception rate, the number of targets simultaneously tracked by the optoelectronic radar, the optoelectronic radar target tracking loss rate, the optoelectronic radar target detection azimuth accuracy, the optoelectronic radar false target interception rate;

[0043] The attack ability data are beyond-visual-range missile attack distance, beyond-visual-range missile off-axis angle, beyond-visual-range missile launch speed, beyond-visual-range missile launch altitude, within-visual-range missile attack distance, within-visual-range missile off-axis angle, within-visual-range missile launch speed, within-visual-range missile launch altitude, within-visual-range cannon attack distance, within-visual-range cannon launch speed;

[0044] The survival ability data are radar stealth ability index, tracked and guided stability index, RCS, infrared stealth ability index, incoming missile warning rate, attacker detection warning rate, active interference success rate, passive interference success rate;

[0045] The system integration ability data are communication ability index, information coordination ability index, command coordination ability index;

[0046] After step 2 constitutes the attack condition to launch the weapon, launch 1 beyond-visual-range missile. Based on the data collected in real time in step 1, simulate the attack process in real time with high-confidence weapon simulation, and record the key data during the beyond-visual-range missile weapon simulation process;

[0047] The key data during the simulation process of this beyond-visual-range missile weapon include the success of mid-course to terminal handover, the intercept distance of the beyond-visual seeker, and the missile hit situation;

[0048] In step 3, calculate the distance between the simulated weapon and the attacked party in real time, compare it with the hit adjudication threshold, and conduct hit adjudication;

[0049] The hit adjudication threshold is the hit radius of this type of weapon;

[0050] In step 4, if a hit occurs, conduct damage assessment based on the weapon's damage ability and the attacked party's protection measures. If not, return to step 2;

[0051] The damage assessment method is: convert the weapon's damage ability and the attacked party's protection ability into health values, subtract the two to obtain the current health value of the attacked party as the damage assessment result, and determine whether the attacked party withdraws from the training.

[0052] During the whole process of this air-to-air confrontation training, the weapon launch, hit adjudication, and damage assessment data of the red and blue sides are shown in Table 1.

[0053] Table 1

[0054] After this attack ends, calculate the battle loss rate, exchange ratio, and attack cycle of the offense and defense sides in real time, evaluate the mission completion ability, and determine whether the training ends. If the training does not end, return to step 2;

[0055] The calculation methods of the battle loss rate, exchange ratio, and attack cycle are as follows:

[0056] Battle loss rate = number of own aircraft losses / number of aircraft sorties;

[0057] Exchange ratio = number of own kills : number of own aircraft killed;

[0058] The attack cycle is the whole process cycle from the initial target acquisition to the weapon launch and hit.

[0059] During the whole process of this air-to-air confrontation training, the mission completion ability evaluation data such as the battle loss rate, exchange ratio, and attack cycle of the red and blue sides are shown in Table 2

[0060] Table 2

[0061]

[0062]

[0063] After the training in Step 6 is completed, extract the attack and defense relationships and corresponding data during the adversarial training process, and perform data normalization to eliminate the influence of index types and dimensions;

[0064] Data normalization classifies each evaluation index x ij into two types: benefit type and cost type. The benefit type is an index where the larger the value, the better the impact on the effectiveness of air combat adversarial training, and the cost type is an index where the smaller the value, the better the impact on the effectiveness of air combat adversarial training. After normalization, it is denoted as r ij , and the calculation method is as follows:

[0065]

[0066]

[0067] where maxx ij is the maximum value of x ij during this attack / defense process, and minx ij is the minimum value of x ij during this attack / defense process. Among them, i ∈ [1, m], representing the i-th layer in the evaluation index system, with the layer increasing gradually from the top layer downwards; j ∈ [1, n], representing the number of indicators associated with this layer;

[0068] Benefit type data includes: approach speed, roll acceleration, pitch acceleration, yaw acceleration, overload, thrust-to-weight ratio, number of targets simultaneously tracked by radar, radar target acquisition range, number of targets simultaneously tracked by electro-optical radar, beyond-visual-range missile attack range, beyond-visual-range missile off-axis angle, beyond-visual-range missile launch speed, beyond-visual-range missile launch altitude, beyond-visual-range seeker acquisition range, within-visual-range missile attack range, within-visual-range missile off-axis angle, within-visual-range missile launch speed, within-visual-range missile launch altitude, within-visual-range cannon attack range, within-visual-range cannon launch speed.

[0069] Cost type data includes: radar target tracking loss rate, radar target acquisition cycle, radar target detection accuracy, electro-optical radar target detection azimuth accuracy, RCS.

[0070] The data after normalization during the attack process of this air-to-air confrontation training is shown in Table 3.

[0071] Table 3

[0072]

[0073] The data after normalization during the defense process of this air-to-air confrontation training is shown in Table 4.

[0074] Table 4

[0075] Step 7, in a way that combines subjective and objective factors, based on the training objectives, appropriately increases the index weights of key training capabilities, ensures that the sum of the weights of related indicators is 1, and determines the weights ω of indicators related to the effectiveness evaluation of the attack process and defense process at different levels. ij ;

[0076] The determined evaluation index weights for the attack process in this air-to-air confrontation training are as follows:

[0077] The weight of the first layer of the attack process evaluation index system: [0.10, 0.30, 0.50, 0.10];

[0078] The weight of the second layer of the attack process evaluation index system: Maneuverability [0.25, 0.25, 0.25, 0.25], Detection ability [0.80, 0.20, 0.00], Attack ability [1.00, 0.00, 0.00], System integration ability [0.40, 0.30, 0.30];

[0079] The weight of the third layer of the attack process evaluation index system: Agility [0.30, 0.40, 0.30], Radar detection [0.10, 0.10, 0.25, 0.25, 0.25, 0.05], Optoelectronic radar detection [0.10, 0.20, 0.60, 0.10], Beyond-visual-range missile attack [0.20, 0.10, 0.15, 0.15, 0.10, 0.10, 0.20], Visual-range missile attack [0.20, 0.30, 0.15, 0.15, 0.20], Visual-range cannon attack [0.35, 0.35, 0.30].

[0080] The determined evaluation index weights for the defense process in this air-to-air confrontation training are as follows:

[0081] The weight of the first layer of the defense process evaluation index system: [0.50, 0.40, 0.10];

[0082] The weight of the second layer of the attack process evaluation index system: Maneuverability [0.20, 0.40, 0.20, 0.20], Survival ability [0.30, 0.40, 0.40], System integration ability [0.40, 0.30, 0.30];

[0083] The weight of the third layer of the defense process evaluation index system: Agility [0.30, 0.40, 0.30], Stealth ability [0.25, 0.25, 0.30, 0.20], Warning ability [0.70, 0.30], Jamming ability [0.80, 0.20].

[0084] Step 8 completes the comprehensive effectiveness evaluation of the attack and defense processes in the actual combat air combat confrontation training through index aggregation.

[0085] The aggregation of evaluation metrics is mainly achieved by multiplying the normalized evaluation metric data at the lower level by their weights and then summing them up to aggregate into the normalized evaluation data T at the higher level i-1 , until it is aggregated to the top level T0, and the calculation method is:

[0086]

[0087] where T i-1 represents the effectiveness of the i-1 level metrics aggregated from the related metrics at the i-th level.

[0088] During the air-to-air confrontation training with 3 beyond-visual-range weapons in the offensive and defensive process, the effectiveness of the attack process is 0.59, 0.77, and 0.56 respectively, and the effectiveness of the defense process is 0.76, 0.50, and 0.79 respectively.

[0089] The real-time adjudication evaluation during the training process is consistent with the comprehensive effectiveness evaluation based on the data recorded during the training process.

[0090] The method of the present invention divides the evaluation of air combat confrontation training into two stages: real-time adjudication evaluation during the training process and comprehensive effectiveness evaluation based on the data recorded during the training process. The real-time adjudication evaluation mainly examines the overall training level through the victory or defeat of the confrontation training. The comprehensive effectiveness evaluation mainly focuses on the weapon and equipment usage ability and tactical and combat method level during the offensive and defensive process of the confrontation training, evaluates the achievement of the training objectives, analyzes the problems and deficiencies in the training, and supports the improvement of the pilot's weapon and equipment usage ability and the innovation of tactical and combat methods. The present invention solves the problem that the effect of actual combat air combat confrontation training cannot be evaluated, and can directly provide a model method for the evaluation of the effect of actual combat air combat confrontation training. It can not only adjudicate the victory or defeat of the confrontation training in real time and examine the overall training level, but also analyze through the playback of training data, focus on the weapon and equipment usage ability and tactical and combat method level during the offensive and defensive process of the confrontation training, and overall improve the effect of actual combat air combat confrontation training and guide the systematic development of air combat training.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the effectiveness of actual combat air combat confrontation training, characterized in that, According to the main purposes and training subjects of the air combat confrontation training on the actual combat training platform, a complete evaluation system for the effect of air combat confrontation training is constructed; the real-time adjudication evaluation of the whole process of air combat confrontation training is combined with the comprehensive effectiveness evaluation of training data playback, and the corresponding evaluation systems are constructed in stages; real-time adjudication is carried out for the results of weapon attacks and defenses in each wave, and the mission completion ability is evaluated with the battle damage rate, exchange rate, and attack cycle as the main evaluation indicators; the comprehensive effectiveness evaluation takes the effectiveness evaluation of the attack process and defense process of air combat confrontation training as the core. The attack process focuses on the evaluation of maneuverability, detection ability, attack ability, and system integration ability, and the defense process focuses on the evaluation of maneuverability, survivability, and system integration ability; The specific steps are as follows: Step 1 After the training starts, the spatial and temporal positions, maneuverability data, detection ability data, attack ability data, survivability data, and system integration ability data of the actual combat training platform are collected in real-time and periodically; Step 2 After launching weapons under attack conditions, based on the data collected in real-time in Step 1, the real-time simulation of the attack process is carried out through high-confidence weapon simulation, and the key data during the weapon simulation process are recorded; Step 3 Calculate the distance between the simulated weapon and the attacked party in real-time, compare it with the hit adjudication threshold, and conduct hit adjudication; Step 4 If a hit occurs, conduct damage assessment according to the weapon damage ability and the protection measures of the attacked party. If not, return to Step 2; Step 5 After the end of this attack, calculate the battle damage rate, exchange rate, and attack cycle of both the attacking and defending sides in real-time, evaluate the mission completion ability, and determine whether the training is over. If the training is not over, return to Step 2; Step 6 After the training is over, extract the attack and defense relationship and corresponding data during the confrontation training process, and conduct data normalization processing to eliminate the influence of index types and dimensions; Step 7: Determine the weights of the effectiveness evaluation indicators for the attack process and the defense process hierarchically through a combination of subjective and objective methods ; Step 8 Through the aggregation of evaluation indicators, complete the comprehensive effectiveness evaluation of the attack and defense processes of actual combat air combat confrontation training to support the analysis of training effects.

2. The method for evaluating the effectiveness of actual combat air combat confrontation training according to claim 1, characterized in that, In Step 1, the maneuverability data are approach speed, roll acceleration, pitch acceleration, yaw acceleration, overload, thrust-to-weight ratio; the detection ability data are the number of targets simultaneously tracked by the radar, radar target tracking loss rate, radar target intercept distance, radar target intercept cycle, radar target detection accuracy, radar false target intercept rate, number of targets simultaneously tracked by the optoelectronic radar, optoelectronic radar target tracking loss rate, optoelectronic radar target detection azimuth accuracy, optoelectronic radar false target intercept rate. The attack ability data are beyond-visual-range missile attack distance, beyond-visual-range missile off-axis angle, beyond-visual-range missile launch speed, beyond-visual-range missile launch altitude, within-visual-range missile attack distance, within-visual-range missile off-axis angle, within-visual-range missile launch speed, within-visual-range missile launch altitude, within-visual-range cannon attack distance, within-visual-range cannon launch speed. The survivability data are radar stealth ability index, tracking and guidance stability index, RCS, infrared stealth ability index, incoming missile warning rate, attacker detection warning rate, active interference success rate, passive interference success rate. The system integration ability data are communication ability index, information collaboration ability index, command collaboration ability index.

3. The method for evaluating the effectiveness of actual combat air combat confrontation training according to claim 1, characterized in that, The key data during the simulation of step 2 are the success situation of the end handover during the attack of the beyond-visual-range missile, the seeker acquisition range, the missile hit situation during the attack of the within-visual-range missile, and the hit situation during the attack of the within-visual-range cannon.

4. The method for evaluating the effectiveness of actual combat air combat confrontation training according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hit adjudication threshold in step 3 is the hit radius of the weapon, and different weapons can set different adjudication thresholds.

5. The method for evaluating the effectiveness of actual combat air combat confrontation training according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for damage assessment in step 4 according to the damage ability of the weapon and the protection measures of the attacked party is as follows: Convert the damage ability of the weapon and the protection ability of the attacked party into health values, subtract the two to obtain the current health value of the attacked party as the damage assessment result, and judge whether the attacked party withdraws from the training.

6. The method for evaluating the effectiveness of actual combat air combat confrontation training according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation methods of the battle damage rate, exchange rate, and attack cycle in step 5 are as follows: Battle damage rate = number of aircraft losses on one's own side / number of aircraft sorties; Exchange ratio = number of kills on one's own side : number of aircraft killed on one's own side; The attack cycle is the whole process cycle from the initial acquisition of the target to the launch and hit of the weapon.

7. The method for evaluating the effectiveness of actual combat air combat confrontation training according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the said step 6, the data normalization process classifies each evaluation index into two types: benefit type and cost type. The benefit type refers to the index where the larger the value, the better the impact on the air combat confrontation training effectiveness, and the cost type refers to the index where the smaller the value, the better the impact on the air combat confrontation training effectiveness. The benefit type data includes: approach speed, roll acceleration, pitch acceleration, yaw acceleration, overload, thrust-to-weight ratio, number of targets simultaneously tracked by radar, radar target acquisition range, number of targets simultaneously tracked by optoelectronic radar, beyond-visual-range missile attack range, beyond-visual-range missile off-axis angle, beyond-visual-range missile launch speed, beyond-visual-range missile launch altitude, beyond-visual-range seeker acquisition range, within-visual-range missile attack range, within-visual-range missile off-axis angle, within-visual-range missile launch speed, within-visual-range missile launch altitude, within-visual-range cannon attack range, within-visual-range cannon launch speed; The cost type data includes: radar target tracking loss rate, radar target acquisition cycle, radar target detection accuracy, optoelectronic radar target detection azimuth accuracy, RCS. After normalization, it is expressed as , and the calculation method is: Benefit type: Cost type: Among them, is the maximum value during this attack or defense process, is the minimum value during this attack or defense process; among them , represents the i-th level in the evaluation index system, and the level increases gradually from the top layer downwards; , represents the number of indicators associated with this level.

8. The method for evaluating the effectiveness of actual combat air combat confrontation training according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for determining the weights of the performance evaluation indicators in step 7: Based on the training objectives, increase the weights of the indicators for improving key training capabilities , and ensure that the sum of the weights of the associated indicators is 1.

9. The method for evaluating the effectiveness of actual combat air combat confrontation training according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 8, the evaluation index aggregation is mainly achieved by multiplying the low-level normalized evaluation index data by their weights and then summing them up to aggregate into the high-level normalized evaluation data , until it is aggregated to the top layer , and the calculation method is as follows: Among them, represents the index performance of the hierarchical level aggregated from the indicators associated with the

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