Charging remaining time calculation method, electric vehicle and storage medium

Abstract

The application discloses a charging remaining time calculation method, an electric vehicle and a storage medium, and relates to the technical field of charging time estimation. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring charging interval division parameters corresponding to a charging starting temperature; determining a charging interval set for remaining time calculation of charging to be performed according to the charging interval division parameters and a starting SOC; determining a plurality of temperature time lengths corresponding to each charging interval in the charging interval set according to a temperature-SOC parameter table and the charging starting temperature to obtain charging time lengths corresponding to the charging intervals one by one, wherein each temperature time length corresponds to the time length of temperature change of the charging interval under a group of temperature-SOC parameters in the temperature-SOC parameter table; and obtaining the remaining charging time length of the battery according to the charging time lengths corresponding to each charging interval in the charging interval set. According to the application, the influence of different charging starting temperatures on the charging interval and the temperature change of each charging interval are combined to calculate the charging time length, and the estimation accuracy is higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of charging time estimation technology, and in particular to a method for calculating remaining charging time, an electric vehicle, and a storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] Remaining charging time refers to the time required from any given moment until charging reaches its cutoff state, typically a full charge, but potentially a specified State of Charge (SOC). For existing fast charging methods, particularly the constant current charging method with stepped current reduction, the charging time is calculated in three segments: low-temperature charging time, room-temperature charging time, and high-temperature charging time. In the low-temperature range, the calibrated heating time is used to calculate the low-temperature charging time first, then the charging time after reaching room temperature is added. In the high-temperature range, the calibrated cooling time is used to calculate the high-temperature charging time first, then the charging time after reaching room temperature is added. Room-temperature time is calculated by accumulating the time across different SOC segments. However, this method involves large temperature range divisions and does not consider differences in battery packs, resulting in poor accuracy in estimating the remaining charging time. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application aims to address at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this application proposes a method for estimating remaining charging time, an electric vehicle, and a storage medium, which can estimate the remaining charging time of a battery and improve the estimation accuracy.

[0004] Firstly, this application proposes a method for calculating the remaining charging time, including:

[0005] Obtain the charging interval division parameters corresponding to the charging start temperature at the current moment;

[0006] Based on the charging interval division parameters and the starting SOC, determine the set of charging intervals for calculating the remaining charging time;

[0007] Based on the preset temperature-SOC parameter table and the charging start temperature, determine several temperature durations corresponding to each charging interval in the charging interval set, and obtain the charging duration corresponding to each charging interval based on the several temperature durations. Each temperature duration corresponds to the duration of temperature change of the charging interval in a temperature interval in the temperature-SOC parameter table.

[0008] The remaining charging time of the battery is obtained based on the charging time corresponding to each charging interval in the charging interval set.

[0009] In a second aspect, this application proposes an electric vehicle including a battery and a charging remaining time calculation system. The charging remaining time calculation system includes: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, it implements the charging remaining time calculation method as described in any of the first aspects.

[0010] Thirdly, this application proposes a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program executable by a terminal, which, when run on the terminal, causes the terminal to perform the steps of the method described in any of the first aspects.

[0011] According to the above embodiments of this application, at least the following beneficial effects are achieved: A preset charging interval division parameter is obtained by using the charging start temperature, thereby obtaining a set of charging intervals for calculating the remaining charging time. Based on the temperature-SOC parameter table and the charging start temperature, several temperature durations corresponding to each charging interval in the set are determined, thus obtaining the charging time corresponding to each charging interval. Therefore, the charging time calculation method of this application, by combining the influence of different charging start temperatures on the charging intervals and the temperature changes of each charging interval, calculates the charging time. Compared with related technologies, this application makes a more detailed distinction between temperature changes, can adapt to more battery pack structures, and therefore, the estimation accuracy of the remaining charging time in this application is higher.

[0012] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood in conjunction with the following description of the embodiments, in which:

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the highest voltage and current of a single cell and the state of charge (SOC) during the charging process of an embodiment of this application.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the temperature and SOC changes during the charging process according to an embodiment of this application;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating temperature and SOC changes under another scenario during the charging process, according to an embodiment of this application.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the method for calculating remaining charging time according to an embodiment of this application.

[0018] Figure 5This is a topology diagram of the charging remaining time calculation system according to an embodiment of this application.

[0019] The attached icons are numbered as follows:

[0020] The system 100 calculates the remaining charging time; the memory 110; and the processor 120. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0022] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0023] In the description of this application, the use of "first" and "second" is for the purpose of distinguishing technical features only, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or the order of the technical features indicated.

[0024] In the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly defined, terms such as "setup," "installation," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this application in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0025] For constant current charging with stepped current reduction, existing charging time calculations divide the charging time into low-temperature time, room-temperature time, and high-temperature time based on the current temperature. Specifically, for low-temperature charging, the calibrated heating time is used to calculate the low-temperature charging time first, then the charging time after reaching room temperature is added. For high-temperature charging, the calibrated cooling time is used to calculate the high-temperature charging time first, then the charging time after cooling to room temperature is added. The room-temperature time is calculated by accumulating the time across different SOC segments. However, this method does not consider the effects of battery pack differences and battery aging. The remaining time calculated through pre-calibration depends on the preset calibrated heating or cooling times, resulting in relatively low accuracy.

[0026] Reference Figures 1 to 4 Firstly, this application proposes a method for estimating remaining charging time, which includes, but is not limited to, the following steps:

[0027] Step S100: Obtain the charging interval division parameters corresponding to the charging start temperature at the current moment.

[0028] It should be noted that different charging start temperatures correspond to different charging interval division parameters. These parameters are used to divide the entire charging process into multiple SOC transition intervals. For example, refer to... Figure 1 As shown, the entire charging process is divided into n stages. In each stage, the voltage and current exhibit relatively stable and predictable changes. If temperature is not considered, the current in each stage of each charging process is a constant value, while the voltage changes linearly. Therefore, in practical applications, this can be referenced... Figure 1 As shown, the entire charging process is divided into n SOC switching intervals. In some embodiments, the charging interval division parameters include switching parameters corresponding one-to-one with the switching intervals. These switching parameters include switching voltage, battery internal resistance, and charging current. In this case, the SOC switching intervals can be determined based on the switching voltage, battery internal resistance, charging current, and the OCV-SOC table. In other embodiments, the charging interval division parameters can also directly record the SOC switching intervals of the n stages. No excessive constraints are imposed on this in step S100. Those skilled in the art can selectively configure these parameters.

[0029] Step S200: Determine the set of charging intervals for calculating the remaining charging time based on the charging interval division parameters and the initial SOC.

[0030] It should be noted that each charging zone group includes at least one charging zone. Each charging zone corresponds to a SOC range.

[0031] For example, suppose the charging interval division parameter divides the entire charging process into n SOC transition intervals, and the ending SOC of each SOC transition interval is denoted as SOC. i (i = 1, 2, 3... n), where n is the number of the last SOC jump interval:

[0032] And assuming the initial SOC (remaining battery capacity) is SOC cur SOC p ≤SOC cur <SOC p+1

[0033] The charging interval set includes the following charging intervals:

[0034] First charging phase: SOC from SOC cur To SOC p+1

[0035] Second charging phase: SOC from SOC p+1 To SOCp+2

[0036] …

[0037] The npth charging interval: SOC from SOC n-1 To SOC n

[0038] Step S300: Based on the preset temperature-SOC parameter table and the charging start temperature, determine several temperature durations corresponding to each charging interval in the charging interval set, and obtain the charging duration corresponding to each charging interval based on the several temperature durations. Each temperature duration corresponds to the duration of temperature change of the charging interval under a temperature interval in the temperature-SOC parameter table.

[0039] It should be noted that the temperature-SOC parameter table is used to record the rate of temperature change within multiple temperature ranges and SOC ranges. For example, please refer to the table below:

[0040] Table 1. Temperature-SOC Parameter Table

[0041] RT / RSOC RSOC1 RSOC2 RSOC3 … RSOCn RT1 Tcr11 Tcr12 Tcr13 … Tcr1n RT2 Tcr21 Tcr22 Tcr23 … Tcr2n RT3 Tcr31 Tcr32 Tcr33 … Tcr3n … … … … … … RTm Tcrm1 Tcrm2 Tcrm3 … Tcrmn

[0042] In this context, RSOC1, RSOC2, RSOC3...RSOCn represent the SOC intervals, and RT1, RT2, RT3...RTm represent the temperature intervals. Taking Tcr11 as an example, it represents the rate of temperature change corresponding to RT1 under RSOC1.

[0043] It should be noted that each charging interval corresponds to multiple temperature intervals under one SOC interval in the temperature-SOC parameter table, or multiple SOC intervals under one temperature interval in the temperature-SOC parameter table, or one temperature interval below one SOC interval in the temperature-SOC parameter table. For example, refer to... Figure 2 and Figure 3 , Figure 2 This indicates that the temperature range has changed, but the SOC range has not changed. Figure 3 This indicates that the temperature range remained unchanged, while the SOC range changed. Figure 2 and Figure 3The arrowed line segments shown represent the temperature and SOC changes during charging. The horizontal axis represents SOC, the vertical axis represents temperature, and the dashed lines indicate the end SOC corresponding to the SOC jump interval. Therefore, the entire charging interval can be divided into multiple calculation intervals based on the temperature-SOC parameter. For example, the calculation interval can be divided by temperature intervals, with the end SOC of the charging interval serving as the cutoff condition. Alternatively, the calculation interval can be divided by SOC intervals, with the end SOC of the charging interval serving as the cutoff condition. In both cases, the corresponding temperature duration can be obtained based on the temperature change rate of each calculation interval. When the charging interval does not cover the entire calculation interval (e.g., the end SOC of the calculation interval is greater than the end SOC of the charging interval), the time required for the SOC at the beginning of the calculation interval to reach the end SOC of the corresponding charging interval can be used as the corresponding temperature duration. In this case, the calculated temperature duration is largely related to the temperature change rate, thus improving estimation accuracy.

[0044] For example, taking temperature range as the division of the calculation range, the relationship between the charging range and the temperature range can be obtained by referring to the temperature-SOC parameter table. Figure 2 The line graph shown represents the charging range [SOC]. p SOC p+1 The calculation can be divided into two intervals: [Tk, Tk+1] and [Tk+1, Tk+2]. The temperature change rate of the two intervals is determined based on the temperature-SOC parameter table. For [Tk, Tk+1], the SOC at the end is within the charging interval. Therefore, the temperature duration for [Tk, Tk+1] is as follows:

[0045]

[0046] Among them, Tcr kp T represents the rate of temperature change. cur For charging range [SOC] p SOC p+1 The initial temperature of the interval [Tk+1, Tk+2] is used as the starting point. For [Tk+1, Tk+2], the SOC at the end of the calculation interval is outside the charging interval. The required duration can be calculated based on the SOC at Tk+1 and SOCp+1. This time can be used as the temperature duration for [Tk+1, Tk+2]. The SOC at Tk+1 can be obtained based on the SOCp of the charging interval [SOCp, SOCp+1] and the elapsed time.

[0047] It should be noted that the charging time can be obtained by accumulating the duration at each temperature within the charging range. The calculated charging time is strongly correlated with temperature.

[0048] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, there are no restrictions on how the temperature-SOC parameter table is set. In some embodiments, values ​​are assigned based on the following: T < -10℃, temperature change 0.5℃ / min; -10 ≤ T < 20℃, temperature change 0.75℃ / min; 20℃ ≤ T < 35℃, temperature remains within this range; T > 35℃, temperature change -1℃ / min.

[0049] It should be noted that the temperature-SOC parameter table can be updated at each charge to improve accuracy.

[0050] Step S400: Based on the charging time corresponding to each charging interval in the charging interval set, obtain the remaining charging time of the battery.

[0051] Therefore, by obtaining preset charging interval division parameters through the charging start temperature, a set of charging intervals for calculating the remaining charging time is obtained. Based on the temperature-SOC parameter table and the charging start temperature, several temperature durations corresponding to each charging interval in the charging interval set are determined, thus yielding the charging time corresponding to each charging interval. Therefore, the charging time calculation method of this application combines the influence of different charging start temperatures on the charging intervals and the temperature changes within each charging interval to calculate the charging time. Compared to related technologies, this application provides a more detailed distinction between temperature changes and can adapt to battery packs with more structures. Therefore, the estimation accuracy of the remaining charging time in this application is higher.

[0052] Understandably, step S200, based on the charging interval division parameters and the initial SOC, determines the set of charging intervals for calculating the remaining charging time, including:

[0053] Based on the charging interval division parameters and the preset jump calculation formula, multiple SOC jump intervals corresponding to the entire charging process are determined.

[0054] The starting SOC and multiple SOC jump intervals are matched to determine the set of charging intervals to be calculated for the remaining time.

[0055] It should be noted that the jump calculation formula is used to characterize the relationship between battery internal resistance and SOC jump range; the jump formula is as follows:

[0056] SOC i =f ocv (V_Step i -I i *R i )

[0057] Among them, V_Step i This represents the jump voltage corresponding to the i-th jump interval, which is preset based on empirical values; Ii R represents the charging current for the i-th switching interval, which is preset based on empirical values. i f represents the battery internal resistance corresponding to the i-th jump interval, which can be updated in real time during charging or preset based on empirical values; ocv () indicates a reverse lookup of the OCV-SOC table. Where V_Step i R i I i and f ocv () are all parameters for dividing the charging range. Therefore, R can be updated. i Adjust the jump range in real time.

[0058] It is understood that, in any step before or after steps S100 to S400, the method further includes:

[0059] During the charging process, the battery internal resistance of the corresponding SOC jump interval in the charging interval division parameters is updated according to the jump formula and the preset first update rule. In the calculation of the remaining time for the next charge, multiple SOC jump intervals are determined according to the updated charging interval division parameters and jump calculation formula. The update rule is used to determine whether to update the battery internal resistance of the corresponding SOC jump interval in the charging interval division parameters.

[0060] It should be noted that, based on the jump formula, the formula for the battery internal resistance can be obtained as follows:

[0061]

[0062] At this point, the battery internal resistance during charging can be calculated based on the actual switching voltage and current corresponding to the SOC switching interval, as well as the OCV-SOC table. When an update is needed, the battery internal resistance in the charging interval division parameters is updated to the real-time calculated battery internal resistance as follows:

[0063]

[0064] Among them, V_Step R I represents the actual voltage during the charging process corresponding to this jump interval. R This refers to the actual current during the charging process corresponding to this jump interval. It can be the average current or the current obtained by converting the real-time current according to a preset rule.

[0065] It should be noted that the first update rule is to update the battery internal resistance when the initial SOC is less than or equal to a preset threshold, in order to ensure the accuracy of the internal resistance during charging at different initial SOCs. For example, an update is performed when the initial SOC is less than or equal to 20%.

[0066] Understandably, in step S300, based on the preset temperature-SOC parameter table and the charging start temperature, several temperature durations corresponding to each charging interval in the charging interval set are determined, and based on these temperature durations, the charging duration corresponding to each charging interval is obtained, including:

[0067] The charging intervals for which temperature duration was not calculated were selected from the charging interval set as the charging intervals to be calculated.

[0068] Based on the temperature-SOC parameter table, the starting temperature of the charging interval to be calculated, and the starting SOC of the first interval, the temperature-SOC interval parameters to be calculated are obtained; the temperature-SOC interval parameters include the interval starting temperature, the interval ending temperature, the interval temperature change rate, and the starting SOC of the second interval.

[0069] The first duration is calculated based on the starting temperature of the interval, the corresponding ending temperature of the interval, and the rate of change of the interval temperature.

[0070] The second duration is calculated based on the starting SOC of the second interval and the first ending SOC of the charging interval to be calculated.

[0071] Match the first duration with the second duration;

[0072] When the jump matching result meets the first jump condition, the first duration is used as a temperature duration in the charging interval to be calculated, and the next temperature-SOC interval parameter to be calculated is redefined until the jump matching result corresponding to the next temperature-SOC interval parameter to be calculated meets the second jump condition.

[0073] When the jump matching result meets the second jump condition, the second duration is used as a temperature duration in the charging interval to be calculated and the next charging interval to be calculated is redefined until the charging interval set does not have a charging interval to be calculated.

[0074] The durations of each temperature within the charging range to be calculated are added together to obtain the charging duration corresponding to each charging range.

[0075] It should be noted that the interval charging start temperature is the charging temperature at which a charging interval to be calculated begins. A charging interval to be calculated is divided into at least one calculation interval, and each calculation interval corresponds to a set of temperature-SOC interval parameters. The interval start temperature is the charging temperature at which charging begins within the corresponding calculation interval, and the interval end temperature is the temperature value at the end of the temperature interval in the temperature-SOC parameter table at the end of the calculation interval. The first interval start SOC represents the SOC value at the start of the corresponding charging interval to be calculated. The first end SOC is the SOC value at the end of the corresponding charging interval to be calculated.

[0076] It should be noted that when the charging interval to be calculated is the first charging interval in the charging interval set, the interval charging start temperature is the charging start temperature; when the charging interval to be calculated is not equal to the first charging interval in the charging interval set, the interval charging start temperature is the sum of the temperature differences corresponding to each calculated interval of the previous charging interval and the corresponding interval charging start temperature. For example, consider the following charging interval set:

[0077] First charging phase: SOC from SOC cur To SOC p+1

[0078] Second charging phase: SOC from SOC p+1 To SOC p+2

[0079] …

[0080] The npth charging interval: SOC from SOC n-1 To SOC n

[0081] The starting temperature for the first charging interval is the initial charging temperature. The starting temperature for the second charging interval is the starting temperature for the first charging interval plus the temperature difference between each calculated interval in the first charging interval. The starting temperature for the third charging interval is the starting temperature for the second charging interval plus the temperature difference between each calculated interval in the second charging interval.

[0082] It should be noted that by matching the first duration and the second duration to determine whether it is a temperature range transition or a SOC transition range transition, the first duration is used as the calculation duration when the temperature duration is calculated, as far as possible when the SOC transition range has not transitioned, thereby improving the estimation accuracy of the remaining duration.

[0083] It should be noted that, assuming the first duration is t1, the formula for calculating the first duration is as follows:

[0084]

[0085] Among them, T start Indicates the starting temperature of the interval, T end Tcr represents the end temperature of the interval. ki Rate of temperature change within a given interval.

[0086] It should be noted that, assuming the second duration is t2, the formula for calculating the second duration is as follows:

[0087]

[0088] Among them, SOC end This indicates the end of the first SOC.start This indicates the starting SOC of the second interval. For example, taking the first calculation interval of the first charging interval as an example, the SOC at this time... start For the above SOC cur SOC end For the above SOC p+1 I cal This is the average current; during the second calculation interval of the first charging interval, the SOC is... start SOC is the SOC at the end of the first calculation interval. end For the above SOC p+1 I cal The maximum output current is the minimum of the maximum output current and the battery's allowable charging current. The maximum output current is determined by the CML message of the fast charging interaction, and the battery's allowable charging current is determined based on the temperature range of the current calculation interval and the battery's internal resistance.

[0089] Understandably, based on the temperature-SOC parameter table, the starting temperature of the charging interval to be calculated, and the starting SOC of the first interval, the temperature-SOC interval parameters to be calculated are obtained, including:

[0090] When the temperature-SOC interval parameter to be calculated corresponds to the first calculation interval in the charging interval to be calculated, the interval start temperature of the temperature-SOC interval parameter to be calculated is set to the corresponding interval charging start temperature, and the second interval start SOC of the temperature-SOC interval parameter to be calculated is set to the corresponding first interval start SOC.

[0091] When the temperature-SOC interval parameter to be calculated does not correspond to the first calculation interval in the charging interval to be calculated, the interval start temperature of the temperature-SOC interval parameter to be calculated is set to the interval end temperature of the previous temperature-SOC interval parameter, and the second interval start SOC of the temperature-SOC interval parameter to be calculated is set to the sum of the second SOC change value corresponding to the previous temperature-SOC interval parameter and the corresponding second interval start SOC.

[0092] Match the currently determined starting temperature of the interval and the starting SOC of the second interval with the temperature-SOC parameter table to obtain the interval temperature change rate and the interval ending temperature of the temperature-SOC interval parameters to be calculated.

[0093] For example, taking the second charging interval mentioned above as an example, the starting SOC of the second interval of the first calculation interval is SOC. p+1 (That is, the starting SOC of the first interval corresponding to the second charging interval), the starting temperature of the interval is the starting temperature of the interval corresponding to the second charging interval; therefore, the starting SOC of the second interval corresponding to the first temperature - SOC interval parameter of the second charging interval is the SOC. p+1The starting temperature of the interval is the starting temperature of the interval charging corresponding to the second charging interval.

[0094] It should be noted that the second SOC change value is the change in SOC from the start of charging in the calculation interval corresponding to the temperature-SOC interval parameter to the end of the calculation interval. In some embodiments, the calculation formula for the second SOC change value is as follows:

[0095]

[0096] Where I' is the calculated current within the corresponding calculation interval, t1 is the corresponding first time duration, and Q T For the corresponding full charge capacity, ΔSOC is the calculated second SOC change value. If the previous temperature-SOC interval parameter to be calculated is the z-th calculation interval, the corresponding second SOC change value is calculated by referring to the above calculation formula for the second SOC change value using the calculation current, first duration, and full charge capacity corresponding to the z-th calculation interval.

[0097] For example, taking two computation intervals as an example, assume that the starting SOC of the second interval corresponding to the first computation interval is SOC. z Then the starting SOC of the second calculation interval is SOC. z+1 =SOC z +ΔSOC; where ΔSOC is obtained based on the first duration of the first calculation interval, the calculated current, and the full charge capacity; at this point, for the second calculation interval, its second duration is based on SOC. z+1 And the first end SOC of the corresponding charging interval is obtained.

[0098] Understandably, the second duration is calculated based on the starting SOC of the second interval and the first ending SOC of the charging interval to be calculated, including:

[0099] Subtract the first end SOC of the charging interval to be calculated from the first start SOC of the second interval to obtain the first SOC change value;

[0100] Obtain the full charge capacity corresponding to the charging range to be calculated and the calculated current of the calculation range corresponding to the temperature-SOC range parameters;

[0101] Multiply the first SOC change value by the full charge capacity to obtain the first product;

[0102] Divide the first product by the calculated current to obtain the second duration.

[0103] It should be noted that the calculation of the second duration mentioned above is as follows:

[0104]

[0105] Among them, the first SOC change value is SOC end -SOC start I cal This represents the calculated current for the corresponding calculation interval.

[0106] It is understandable that when the temperature-SOC interval parameter corresponds to the first calculation interval under the first charging interval in the charging interval set, the calculated current is the average current at the corresponding time.

[0107] When the temperature-SOC range parameters do not correspond to the first calculation range under the first charging range in the charging range set, the calculated current is determined through the following steps:

[0108] Obtain the maximum output current of the charger as limited in the CML message of the fast charging interaction generated during the charging process;

[0109] The allowable charging current of the battery is calculated based on the temperature range corresponding to the temperature-SOC interval parameters and the battery internal resistance.

[0110] The minimum of the maximum output current and the battery's allowable charging current is used as the calculation current.

[0111] It should be noted that the average current is the average current value within the preset period obtained at the beginning of the first calculation interval under the first charging interval.

[0112] It should be noted that for the calculation intervals outside the first calculation interval within the first charging interval, the above calculated current can be expressed as the following formula:

[0113] I estimate =min(f(T,SOC) _step ,SOH),CML_MaxCurPermir)

[0114] Where, f(T,SOC) _step SOH) represents the battery's allowable charging current, T represents the temperature range, and SOC represents the state of charge. _step For the remaining charge range where the remaining charging time needs to be calculated, SOH is the aging parameter of the rechargeable battery, while SOC... _stepThe jump formula can be derived from the battery's internal resistance. Therefore, based on the temperature range corresponding to the temperature-SOC interval parameter and the battery's internal resistance, the battery's allowable charging current can be calculated. CML_MaxCurPermit represents the charger's maximum output capacity limited in the CML message of the fast charging interaction. It should be noted that the charger's maximum output current CML_MaxCurPermit provided by the CML message may not match the actual capacity. When the requested current is requested from the charger at the magnitude of CML_MaxCurPermit, the actual maximum current output by the charger at this time is the charger's true maximum output capacity. CML_MaxCurPermit needs to be updated to this current magnitude during calculation.

[0115] Understandably, the first duration and the second duration are matched by a jump, including:

[0116] If the first duration is less than the second duration, the jump matching result is determined to meet the first jump condition;

[0117] If the first duration is greater than or equal to the second duration, the jump matching result is determined to meet the second jump condition.

[0118] It should be noted that the first jump condition indicates that the SOC at the end of the calculation interval is within the corresponding charging interval, and the charging time should be calculated based on the time corresponding to the temperature change rate. The second jump condition indicates that the SOC at the end of the calculation interval is outside the corresponding charging interval.

[0119] For example, starting from the first charging zone, the charging start temperature T of the first charging zone is used. cur The initial SOC of the first interval is SOC cur And referring to the temperature-SOC parameter table, determine the starting temperature of the first temperature-SOC interval parameter to be calculated as T. cur The end temperature of the interval is T. k The rate of change of temperature in the interval is Tcr kp And the second starting interval SOC is SOC cur The first duration of the first calculation interval is calculated as follows:

[0120]

[0121] Correspondingly, the second duration of the first calculation interval is as follows:

[0122]

[0123] Among them, here I' cal For I avg. When t1' < t2', it indicates that the first jump condition is satisfied, and there exists a second calculation interval. At this time, for the second calculation interval, its starting temperature of the interval is T k+1 , determine the ending temperature of the interval as T according to the temperature-SOC parameter table k+2 and the temperature change rate. The SOC at the second starting interval is SOC' = SOC cur +ΔSOC', where ΔSOC' is as follows:

[0124]

[0125] [[ID=~12]]Then, the first duration of the second calculation interval is as follows:

[0126]

[0127] Correspondingly, the second duration of the second calculation interval is as follows:

[0128]

[0129] where I' cal is calculated according to I estimate = min(f(T, SOC _step , SOH), CML_MaxCurPermir).

[0130] At this time, for the second calculation interval, when t1'' < t2'', repeat the above calculation for the second calculation interval. When t1'' ≥ t2'', it indicates that the next charging interval needs to be calculated. At this time, the starting temperature of the interval charging of the next charging interval is the sum of the starting temperature of the interval charging of the previous charging interval and the temperature difference of each calculation interval. In actual calculation, the sum of the starting temperature of the last calculation interval in the previous charging interval and the temperature difference of the corresponding last calculation interval can be directly used for accumulation, as shown in the following formula:

[0131] T' start = T k+1 + t''2 × Tcr'[[ID=~41]] kp

[0132] In some other embodiments, the starting temperature of the interval charging of the next charging interval can also be calculated by calculating the temperature difference and then accumulating them in sequence. Exemplarily, taking the second charging interval having one calculation interval as an example, when t1' ≥ t2', the starting temperature of the interval charging of the second charging interval is:

[0133] T' start = T cur + t'2 × Tcr kp

[0134] In this regard, this application does not restrict the specific calculation method for the starting temperature of the second charging interval; its value is equal to the sum of the starting temperature of the previous charging interval and the temperature difference of each calculated interval. Subsequent charging intervals are calculated with reference to the second charging interval. The temperature difference of the calculated interval is the product of the corresponding second duration and the temperature rate.

[0135] At this point, for the first charging interval, taking two calculation intervals as an example, the charging time is t1' + t2". For subsequent charging intervals, the charging time is calculated in the same way as the first charging interval.

[0136] Understandably, the temperature-SOC parameter table is used to record the rate of temperature change within multiple SOC and temperature ranges. Other methods include:

[0137] During the charging process, when there is a set of SOC intervals and temperature intervals in the temperature-SOC parameter table that meet the preset second update rule, the temperature change rate of the set of SOC intervals and temperature intervals is updated to the temperature change rate corresponding to the temperature change.

[0138] It should be noted that the second update rule includes: Condition 1: The SOC interval remains unchanged, while the temperature interval changes over a third duration (e.g., the third duration is 10 seconds, to confirm that the temperature change is stable); Condition 2: Within the previous temperature interval, |temperature change| >= temperature threshold. (For example, the temperature threshold is set to 3 to reduce relative error). At this time, the SOC interval and the corresponding temperature change rate satisfy the following formula:

[0139]

[0140] When the temperature rises: ΔT = T a+1 -T

[0141] During cooling: ΔT = TT a

[0142] Among them, T a Indicates in Tcr ab The lower limit temperature within the corresponding temperature range; T a+1 Indicates in Tcr ab The upper limit temperature of the corresponding temperature range, t last Indicates in Tcr ab The duration of continuous change within the corresponding temperature range. T represents the current temperature.

[0143] It should be noted that after the temperature change rate of the corresponding interval is updated according to the preset update rules, it will be filled into Table 1. This action occurs before the system is powered off, and it can be directly read when it is powered on again. Since Table 1 is initially filled with empirical values, this application updates the temperature change rate online. When the system is charged at different starting temperatures and different starting SOCs, the temperature rise rate and the internal resistance at the jump SOC point will be updated to more accurate values. The updated temperature rise rate and the internal resistance at the jump SOC point are then filled into the new battery system, which can improve the accuracy of the remaining charging time for the first charge.

[0144] Understandably, when the system experiences undervoltage due to over-discharge, the Q value used to calculate the remaining charging time is... T The over-discharge capacity needs to be considered. This capacity is defined as the integral capacity of the system continuing to discharge after the state of charge (SOC) reaches 0, denoted as Q. overDis Then the remaining time for the next charge will require the use of a new full charge capacity Q. T’ The calculations are performed, and the new full charge capacity is calculated as follows:

[0145] Q T' =Q T +Q overDis

[0146] It should be noted that the embodiments of this application do not limit the combination of the above steps. Those skilled in the art can selectively combine one or more of the above features to implement the embodiments. For example, for real-time updates of battery internal resistance and temperature change rate, those skilled in the art can selectively combine them with steps S100 to S400. For example, in steps S100 to S400 and their sub-steps, real-time updates of battery internal resistance are combined, or real-time updates of temperature change rate are combined in steps S100 to S400 and their sub-steps, or real-time updates of battery internal resistance and temperature change rate are combined in steps S100 to S400 and their sub-steps.

[0147] Secondly, this application proposes an electric vehicle, including a battery and a charging remaining time calculation system. The charging remaining time calculation system includes: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, it implements the charging remaining time calculation method of any embodiment of the first aspect.

[0148] The processor and memory can be connected via a bus or other means. Figure 5 Take a processor as an example, connected via a bus.

[0149] Memory, as a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, can be used to store non-transitory software programs, non-transitory computer-executable programs, and signals, such as the program instructions / signals corresponding to the processing module in the embodiments of this application. The processor executes various functional applications and data processing by running the non-transitory software programs, instructions, and signals stored in the memory, thereby implementing the charging remaining time calculation method of the above method embodiments.

[0150] The memory may include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store the operating system and applications required for at least one function; the data storage area may store the aforementioned related data. Furthermore, the memory may include high-speed random access memory and non-transitory memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-transitory solid-state storage device. In some embodiments, the memory may optionally include memory remotely located relative to the processor, and these remote memories can be connected to the processing module via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, corporate intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.

[0151] One or more signals are stored in a memory, and when executed by one or more processors, the charging remaining time calculation system method in any of the above method embodiments is executed. For example, the method steps S100 to S400 and their sub-steps, as well as the steps corresponding to the real-time updating of battery internal resistance and temperature change rate, are executed.

[0152] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions. These instructions are executed by one or more processors, causing them to perform the charging remaining time calculation system method described in the above-described method embodiments. For example, executing method steps S100 to S400 and their sub-steps, as well as the steps corresponding to real-time updates of battery internal resistance and temperature change rate, as described above.

[0153] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0154] Based on the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that all or some of the steps and systems in the methods disclosed above can be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, and suitable combinations thereof. Some or all physical components can be implemented as software executed by a processor, such as a central processing unit, digital signal processor, or microprocessor, or as hardware, or as an integrated circuit, such as an application-specific integrated circuit. Such software can be distributed on a computer-readable medium, which can include computer storage media (or non-transitory media) and communication media (or transient media). As is known to those skilled in the art, the term computer storage media includes volatile and non-volatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storing information (such as computer-readable signals, data structures, program modules, or other data). Computer storage media includes, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technologies, CD-ROM, digital versatile disc (DVD) or other optical disc storage, magnetic cartridges, magnetic tape, disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to store desired information and is accessible to a computer. Furthermore, as is known to those skilled in the art, communication media typically contain computer-readable signals, data structures, program modules, or other data in modulated data signals such as carrier waves or other transmission mechanisms, and may include any information delivery medium.

[0155] The embodiments of this application have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of this application.

Claims

1. A method for calculating remaining charging time, characterized in that, include: Obtain the charging interval division parameters corresponding to the charging start temperature at the current moment; Based on the charging interval division parameters and the starting SOC, a set of charging intervals for calculating the remaining charging time is determined; the charging interval division parameters are used to divide the charging process into multiple SOC jump intervals; the set of charging intervals includes at least one charging interval; the starting SOC of the first interval of the first charging interval is the starting SOC, the first ending SOC is the ending SOC of the jump interval where the starting SOC is located, and the remaining charging intervals are all SOC jump intervals for calculating the remaining charging time; Based on the preset temperature-SOC parameter table and the charging start temperature, several temperature durations corresponding to each charging interval in the charging interval set are determined. Then, based on these temperature durations, a charging duration corresponding one-to-one with each charging interval is obtained. Each temperature duration corresponds to the duration of temperature change within a temperature interval in the temperature-SOC parameter table for that charging interval. Each charging interval corresponds to at least one temperature interval within a SOC interval in the temperature-SOC parameter table. Each charging interval includes at least one calculation interval, divided by temperature intervals. The temperature duration corresponding to each calculation interval is either a first duration when a first jump condition is met or a second duration when a second jump condition is met. The charging duration is obtained by summing the temperature durations of each calculation interval corresponding to the charging interval. The second duration ; This indicates the starting temperature of the calculation interval. This indicates the end temperature of the calculation interval. This represents the rate of change of temperature within the corresponding calculation interval; This indicates the first end of the SOC for the corresponding charging interval. This indicates the starting SOC of the second interval corresponding to the calculation interval; Average current; To fully charge the capacity; satisfying the first jump condition means that the first duration is less than the second duration; satisfying the second jump condition means that the first duration is greater than or equal to the second duration; The remaining charging time of the battery is obtained based on the charging time corresponding to each charging interval in the charging interval set.

2. The method for calculating remaining charging time according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the set of charging intervals for calculating the remaining charging time based on the charging interval division parameters and the initial SOC includes: Based on the charging interval division parameters and the preset jump calculation formula, multiple SOC jump intervals corresponding to the entire charging process are determined. The starting SOC and the multiple SOC jump intervals are matched to determine the set of charging intervals to be calculated for the remaining time.

3. The method for calculating remaining charging time according to claim 2, characterized in that, The jump calculation formula is used to characterize the relationship between the battery internal resistance and the SOC jump range; The method further includes: During the charging process, the battery internal resistance corresponding to the SOC jump interval in the charging interval division parameters is updated according to the jump formula and the preset first update rule, so that in the calculation of the remaining charging time, the multiple SOC jump intervals are determined according to the updated charging interval division parameters and the jump calculation formula. The update rule is used to determine whether to update the battery internal resistance corresponding to the SOC jump interval in the charging interval division parameters.

4. The method for calculating remaining charging time according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining several temperature durations corresponding to each charging interval in the charging interval set according to a preset temperature-SOC parameter table and the charging start temperature, and obtaining the charging duration corresponding one-to-one with the charging intervals based on the several temperature durations, includes: Each charging interval that has not undergone temperature duration calculation is selected from the set of charging intervals as the charging interval to be calculated. Based on the temperature-SOC parameter table, the interval charging start temperature of the charging interval to be calculated, and the first interval start SOC, the temperature-SOC interval parameters to be calculated are obtained; the temperature-SOC interval parameters include the interval start temperature, the interval end temperature, the interval temperature change rate, and the second interval start SOC; each of the temperature-SOC interval parameters to be calculated corresponds to one calculation interval. The first duration is calculated based on the starting temperature of the interval, the corresponding ending temperature of the interval, and the rate of change of the interval temperature. The second duration is calculated based on the starting SOC of the second interval and the first ending SOC of the charging interval to be calculated. The first duration and the second duration are matched by a jump; When the jump matching result meets the first jump condition, the first duration is used as a temperature duration in the charging interval to be calculated and the next temperature-SOC interval parameter to be calculated is redefined until the jump matching result corresponding to the next temperature-SOC interval parameter to be calculated meets the second jump condition. When the jump matching result meets the second jump condition, the second duration is used as a temperature duration in the charging interval to be calculated and the next charging interval to be calculated is re-determined until the charging interval set does not have a charging interval to be calculated. The durations of each temperature within the charging interval to be calculated are added together to obtain the charging duration corresponding to each charging interval to be calculated.

5. The method for calculating remaining charging time according to claim 4, characterized in that, Based on the temperature-SOC parameter table, the interval charging start temperature of the charging interval to be calculated, and the starting SOC of the first interval, the temperature-SOC interval parameters to be calculated are obtained, including: When the temperature-SOC interval parameter to be calculated corresponds to the first calculation interval in the charging interval to be calculated, the interval start temperature of the temperature-SOC interval parameter to be calculated is set to the corresponding interval charging start temperature, and the second interval start SOC of the temperature-SOC interval parameter to be calculated is set to the corresponding first interval start SOC. When the temperature-SOC interval parameter to be calculated does not correspond to the first calculation interval in the charging interval to be calculated, the interval start temperature of the temperature-SOC interval parameter to be calculated is set to the interval end temperature of the previous temperature-SOC interval parameter, and the second interval start SOC of the temperature-SOC interval parameter to be calculated is set to the sum of the second SOC change value corresponding to the previous temperature-SOC interval parameter and the corresponding second interval start SOC. The currently determined starting temperature of the interval and the starting SOC of the second interval are matched with the temperature-SOC parameter table to obtain the interval temperature change rate and the interval ending temperature of the temperature-SOC interval parameters to be calculated.

6. The method for calculating remaining charging time according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of calculating the second duration based on the starting SOC of the second interval and the first ending SOC of the charging interval to be calculated includes: Subtract the first end SOC of the charging interval to be calculated from the start SOC of the second interval to obtain the first SOC change value; Obtain the full charge capacity corresponding to the charging interval to be calculated and the calculated current of the calculation interval corresponding to the temperature-SOC interval parameters; Multiply the first SOC change value by the full charge capacity to obtain the first product; Divide the first product by the calculated current to obtain the second duration.

7. The method for calculating remaining charging time according to claim 6, characterized in that, When the temperature-SOC interval parameter corresponds to the first calculation interval under the first charging interval in the charging interval set, the calculated current is the average current at the corresponding time. When the temperature-SOC range parameter does not correspond to the first calculation range under the first charging range in the charging range set, the calculated current is determined by the following steps: Obtain the maximum output current of the charger as limited in the CML message of the fast charging interaction generated during the charging process; Based on the temperature range corresponding to the temperature-SOC interval parameters and the battery internal resistance, the allowable charging current of the battery is calculated. The minimum value between the maximum output current and the battery's allowable charging current is used as the calculated current.

8. The method for calculating remaining charging time according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature-SOC parameter table is used to record the rate of temperature change within multiple SOC intervals and temperature intervals. The method further includes: During the charging process, if there is a set of SOC intervals and temperature intervals in the temperature-SOC parameter table whose temperature changes satisfy the preset second update rule, the temperature change rate corresponding to the set of SOC intervals and temperature intervals is updated to the temperature change rate corresponding to the temperature change.

9. An electric vehicle, characterized in that, The system includes a battery and a remaining charging time calculation system, the remaining charging time calculation system comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the remaining charging time calculation method as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, It stores a computer program executable by a terminal, which, when run on the terminal, causes the terminal to perform the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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