An antenna device

Abstract

The application discloses an antenna device, comprising a bottom plate, the bottom plate is provided with a first end and a second end, a first side and a second side, a first surface and a second surface. The first surface of the bottom plate is sequentially provided with a first radiation part, a second radiation part, a feeding part and a grounding part from the first end to the second end, one end of the feeding part is connected with the first radiation part and the second radiation part, and the other end of the feeding part is connected with the grounding part. A microstrip line is arranged on the second surface of the bottom plate, and the microstrip line is connected with the feeding part. Wherein, the first radiation part is provided with a first gap and a second gap, the grounding part is provided with a third gap, a fourth gap, a fifth gap and a sixth gap, and the microstrip line feeds the third gap to the sixth gap. Through the design of the first radiation part, the second radiation part and the six gaps, the antenna device has the advantages of being compatible with 4G LTE frequency band and 5G frequency band, small antenna structure size and good electrical performance in the working frequency band.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and more particularly to an antenna device. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of vehicle-to-everything (V2X), autonomous driving, and the Internet of Things (IoT), automobiles are no longer simply mechanical industrial products; they sometimes resemble mobile wireless communication nodes. Antennas are key components for realizing intelligent connected functions such as radio communication, wireless networks, and satellite positioning, playing a crucial role in transmitting and receiving signals within the communication system. As the front-end component of the entire communication system, all location and communication data require antennas for positioning and transmission. Therefore, the quality of the antenna directly affects the performance of the entire intelligent connected vehicle system.

[0003] Currently, 5G antennas for the sub-6GHz band on the market are generally large in size or incompatible with 4G LTE bands, making installation and use inconvenient. How to reduce antenna size while maintaining broader frequency band coverage is a pressing issue that needs to be addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an antenna device that is compatible with 4G LTE and 5G frequency bands, and has the advantages of small antenna structure size and good electrical performance within the operating frequency band.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] An antenna device includes a base plate, the base plate being provided with a first end and a second end that are positioned opposite each other, a first side and a second side that are positioned opposite each other, a first surface and a second surface that are positioned opposite each other, and the line connecting the first side and the second side intersects with the line connecting the first end and the second end;

[0007] On the first surface of the base plate, a first radiating part, a second radiating part, a power feeding part and a grounding part are sequentially arranged from the first end to the second end. One end of the power feeding part is connected to the first radiating part and the second radiating part, and the other end of the power feeding part is connected to the grounding part.

[0008] A microstrip line is provided on the second surface of the base plate, and the microstrip line is connected to the power supply unit.

[0009] The first radiating part is provided with a first gap and a second gap, the grounding part is provided with a third gap, a fourth gap, a fifth gap and a sixth gap, and the microstrip line is fed from the third gap to the sixth gap.

[0010] Preferably, the first radiating part includes a first radiating patch and a first connecting line, and the first radiating patch is connected to the feeding part through the first connecting line;

[0011] The second radiating part includes a second radiating patch and a second connecting line, wherein the second radiating patch is connected to the feeding part through the second connecting line;

[0012] The first and second radiating patches are rectangular, and the first and second connecting lines are in a Z-shape. The first radiating patch has a length of 13-17 mm and a width of 12.5-16.5 mm, and the second radiating patch has a length of 18.7-22.7 mm and a width of 1.5-3.5 mm.

[0013] Preferably, the first radiating patch is close to the first end, and the two sides of the first radiating patch are flush with the first side and the second side, respectively. The three sides of the grounding portion are flush with the second end, the first side and the second side, respectively. The second radiating patch is disposed between the first radiating patch and the grounding portion and is spaced apart from the first radiating patch and the grounding portion.

[0014] Preferably, the first gap, the third gap, and the fourth gap are in the shape of an "I", and the second gap, the fifth gap, and the sixth gap are in the shape of an "L".

[0015] The first gap extends from the side of the first radiating patch near the first side toward the second side;

[0016] The second gap extends from one side of the first radiating patch near the second radiating patch toward the first end and then toward the second side;

[0017] The third gap and the fourth gap extend from the side of the grounding portion near the second side toward the first side;

[0018] The fifth and sixth gaps extend from the side of the grounding portion near the second side toward the first side and then toward the second end.

[0019] Preferably, the antenna device further includes an inductor disposed on the first surface, one end of the inductor being connected to the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion, and the other end of the inductor being connected to the ground portion; and / or,

[0020] The antenna device also includes a capacitor, which is mounted on the microstrip line by welding.

[0021] Preferably, the antenna device further includes a capacitor, the inductance of the inductor is 37-41nH, and the capacitance of the capacitor is 0.23-0.27pF.

[0022] Preferably, the base plate has a cuboid structure with a length of 94.5-98.5 mm, a width of 13-17 mm, and a thickness of 0.8-1.2 mm.

[0023] Preferably, the impedance of the microstrip line is 48-52 ohms.

[0024] Preferably, the operating frequency band of the antenna device includes a low frequency band, a mid frequency band, and a high frequency band, wherein the low frequency band is 824-960MHz, the mid frequency band is 1710-2690MHz, and the high frequency band is 3.3-4.2GHz and 4.4-5.0GHz.

[0025] Preferably, the width of each of the first gap to the sixth gap is 0.8-1.2 mm.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include at least the following:

[0027] The antenna device of the present invention, through the design of a first radiating part, a second radiating part and six slots, enables the antenna device to be compatible with 4G LTE frequency bands and 5G frequency bands, and has the advantages of small antenna structure size and good electrical performance in the operating frequency band. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first side of the antenna device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second side of the antenna device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3a This is a voltage standing wave ratio diagram when the first and second connecting lines of the antenna device in this embodiment of the invention are in a straight line shape.

[0031] Figure 3b This is a voltage standing wave ratio diagram when the first and second connecting lines of the antenna device in this embodiment of the invention are in a Z-shape.

[0032] Figure 4 This is the radiation pattern of the antenna device according to an embodiment of the present invention at a frequency of 900MHz.

[0033] Figure 5 This is the radiation pattern of the antenna device according to an embodiment of the present invention at a frequency of 1.71 GHz.

[0034] Figure 6 This is the radiation pattern of the antenna device according to an embodiment of the present invention at a frequency of 2.2 GHz.

[0035] Figure 7This is the radiation pattern of the antenna device according to an embodiment of the present invention at a frequency of 2.6 GHz.

[0036] Figure 8 This is the radiation pattern of the antenna device according to an embodiment of the present invention at a frequency of 3.5 GHz.

[0037] Figure 9 This is the radiation pattern of the antenna device according to an embodiment of the present invention at a frequency of 5.0 GHz.

[0038] In the diagram: 10, base plate; 11, first end; 12, second end; 13, first side; 14, second side; 15, first surface; 16, second surface; 20, first radiating part; 21, first gap; 22, second gap; 23, first radiating patch; 24, first connecting line; 30, second radiating part; 31, second radiating patch; 32, second connecting line; 40, power supply part; 50, grounding part; 51, third gap; 52, fourth gap; 53, fifth gap; 54, sixth gap; 60, microstrip line; 70, inductor; 80, capacitor. Detailed Implementation

[0039] Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, they are provided to make the invention more comprehensive and complete, and to fully convey the concept of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar structures, and therefore repeated descriptions of them will be omitted.

[0040] The terms used to express position and direction in this invention are illustrated with the accompanying drawings, but changes can be made as needed, and all such changes are included within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0041] Reference Figures 1 to 2The antenna device of the present invention includes a base plate 10, which is a PCB (Printed Circuit Board). A PCB is an important electronic component, serving as a support for electronic components and a carrier for their electrical interconnection. Because it is manufactured using electronic printing technology, it is called a "printed" circuit board. In this embodiment, the PCB can be made of FR4 (polytetrafluoroethylene), which has an electrical constant of 4.4 and a loss tangent of 0.02. Other types of PCBs can also be used. FR4 board has a smooth and flat surface and is heat-resistant, moisture-proof, mildew-resistant, acid and alkali-resistant, and impact-resistant. It also exhibits good mechanical, dielectric, and processing properties. Its electrical performance in both dry and wet conditions is excellent. Most importantly, it has good flame retardancy, is less affected by the environment, and has stable dimensions. The base plate 10 can be circular, polygonal, or other irregular shapes. In this embodiment, the base plate 10 is a cuboid structure with a length of 94.5-98.5 mm, a width of 13-17 mm, and a thickness of 0.8-1.2 mm. Preferably, the length is 96.5 mm, the width is 15 mm, and the thickness is 1 mm. This design results in a smaller antenna device, making it easier to integrate into other devices. Furthermore, the use of FR4 material reduces costs and lowers production costs.

[0042] The base plate 10 has a first end 11 and a second end 12 positioned opposite each other, a first side 13 and a second side 14 positioned opposite each other, and a first surface 15 and a second surface 16 positioned opposite each other. The line connecting the first side 13 and the second side 14 intersects the line connecting the first end 11 and the second end 12. Preferably, the first end 11 and the second end 12 are parallel to each other, the first side 13 and the second side 14 are parallel to each other, the first end 11 is perpendicular to the first side 13 and the second side 14 respectively, and the second end 12 is perpendicular to the first side 13 and the second side 14 respectively.

[0043] A first radiating part 20, a second radiating part 30, a feeding part 40, and a grounding part 50 are sequentially arranged on the first surface 15 of the base plate 10 from the first end 11 to the second end 12. One end of the feeding part 40 is connected to the first radiating part 20 and the second radiating part 30, and the other end of the feeding part 40 is connected to the grounding part 50. In this embodiment, the first radiating part 20, the second radiating part 30, the feeding part 40, and the grounding part 50 are preferably all copper-coated layers, such as copper foil, printed on the first surface 15 of the base plate 10. Using printing is simple to manufacture, convenient to process, and low in cost, while reducing the volume of the structure, so as to reduce the overall size of the antenna device.

[0044] A microstrip line 60 is disposed on the second surface 16 of the base plate 10, and the microstrip line 60 is connected to the feed section 40. The impedance value of the microstrip line 60 is 48-52 ohms, preferably 50 ohms. In this embodiment, the microstrip line 60 is preferably a copper coating layer, such as copper foil, printed on the second surface 16 of the base plate 10. The printing method is simple to manufacture, easy to process, and has low cost, while reducing the volume of the structure, so as to reduce the overall size of the antenna device.

[0045] The first radiating section 20 is a low-frequency radiating section, mainly used to generate low-frequency resonance. The operating frequency band of the first radiating section 20 is 824-960MHz. The first radiating section 20 also has a first slot 21 and a second slot 22, which mainly generate resonance at high frequencies, improving the high-frequency performance of the antenna. The second radiating section 30 is an intermediate-frequency radiating section, mainly used to generate intermediate-frequency resonance. It generates a resonance around 1800MHz, which, together with the secondary resonance of the first radiating section 20, forms the intermediate frequency of the antenna device, i.e., 1710-2690MHz. The grounding section 50 has a third slot 51, a fourth slot 52, a fifth slot 53, and a sixth slot 54. The microstrip line 60 feeds the third slot 51 to the sixth slot 54. The first slot 21, the second slot 22, the third slot 51, the fourth slot 52, the fifth slot 53, and the sixth slot 54 together generate high-frequency resonance, enabling the antenna device to operate in high-frequency bands, namely 3.3-4.2 GHz and 4.4-5.0 GHz. Of course, the first slot 21, the second slot 22, the third slot 51, the fourth slot 52, the fifth slot 53, and the sixth slot 54 also have some influence on low and intermediate frequencies. The microstrip line 60 on the second surface 16 of the base plate 10 feeds the third slot 51, the fourth slot 52, the fifth slot 53, and the sixth slot 54 to ensure the antenna device can operate normally. Therefore, the antenna device operates in low-frequency, mid-frequency, and high-frequency bands: 824-960 MHz for the low-frequency band, 1710-2690 MHz for the mid-frequency band, and 3.3-4.2 GHz and 4.4-5.0 GHz for the high-frequency band.

[0046] In one specific embodiment, the first radiating part 20 includes a first radiating patch 23 and a first connecting line 24. The first radiating patch 23 is connected to the feeding part 40 via the first connecting line 24. The first radiating patch 23 is generally rectangular, with a length of 13-17 mm and a width of 12.5-16.5 mm. Preferably, the first radiating patch 23 has a length of 15 mm and a width of 14.5 mm. The first connecting line 24 is Z-shaped or I-shaped, with one end connected to the first radiating patch 23 and the other end connected to the feeding part 40.

[0047] The second radiating section 30 includes a second radiating patch 31 and a second connecting line 32. The second radiating patch 31 is connected to the power supply section 40 via the second connecting line 32. The second radiating patch 31 is generally rectangular, with a length of 18.7-22.7 mm and a width of 1.5-3.5 mm. Preferably, the second radiating patch 31 has a length of 20.7 mm and a width of 2.5 mm. The second connecting line 32 is either Z-shaped or straight, with one end connected to the second radiating patch 31 and the other end connected to the power supply section 40. The first connecting line 24 and the second connecting line 32 are connected to the power supply section 40 in parallel.

[0048] Reference Figure 3a and Figure 3b , Figure 3a This is a voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) diagram for an antenna device according to an embodiment of the present invention where the first connecting line 24 and the second connecting line 32 are in a straight line configuration. Figure 3b This is a voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) diagram for an antenna device according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the first connecting line 24 and the second connecting line 32 are in a U-shape. Figure 3a and Figure 3b It can be seen that, compared with setting the first connecting line 24 and the second connecting line 32 as a straight line, setting the first connecting line 24 and the second connecting line 32 as a figure-eight shape significantly improves the voltage standing wave ratio of the antenna device. As a preferred embodiment, the first connecting line 24 and the second connecting line 32 are set as a figure-eight shape.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment, the first radiating patch 23 is located near the first end 11, with one side of the first radiating patch 23 parallel to the first end 11. A gap of 0.8-1.2 mm is left between the first radiating patch 23 and the first end 11. The other two sides of the first radiating patch 23 are flush with the first side 13 and the second side 14, respectively. The three sides of the grounding portion 50 are flush with the second end 12, the first side 13, and the second side 14, respectively. The second radiating patch 31 is located between the first radiating patch 23 and the grounding portion 50, and is spaced apart from both the first radiating patch 23 and the grounding portion 50.

[0050] In one specific embodiment, the first gap 21, the third gap 51, and the fourth gap 52 are in a straight line shape, while the second gap 22, the fifth gap 53, and the sixth gap 54 are in an L-shape. The first gap 21 extends from the side of the first radiating patch 23 near the first side 13 towards the second side 14, with a length of 7-9 mm and a width of 0.8-1.2 mm. Preferably, the first gap 21 has a length of 8 mm and a width of 1 mm. The second gap 22 extends from the side of the first radiating patch 23 near the second radiating patch 31 towards the first end 11 for 4-6 mm, and then extends towards the second side 14 for 1-3 mm. The width of the second gap 22 is 0.8-1.2 mm, preferably 1 mm.

[0051] The third gap 51 and the fourth gap 52 extend from the side of the grounding portion 50 near the second side 14 toward the first side 13. The length and width of the third gap 51 can be the same as or similar to the length and width of the fourth gap 52. In this embodiment, the length and width of the third gap 51 are the same as the length and width of the fourth gap 52. The length of the third gap 51 and the fourth gap 52 is 10.5-14.5 mm, and the width is 0.8-1.2 mm. Preferably, the length of the third gap 51 and the fourth gap 52 is 12.5 mm, and the width is 1 mm.

[0052] The fifth slit 53 and the sixth slit 54 extend from the side of the grounding portion 50 near the second side 14 toward the first side 13 and then toward the second end 12. The fifth slit 53 extends 9.5-13.5 mm from the side of the grounding portion 50 near the second side 14 toward the first side 13 and then 4-6 mm toward the second end 12. The sixth slit extends 10-14 mm from the side of the grounding portion 50 near the second side 14 toward the first side 13 and then 9-11 mm toward the second end 12. The width of the fifth slit 53 and the sixth slit 54 is 0.8-1.2 mm, preferably, the width of the second slit 22 is 1 mm.

[0053] As a preferred embodiment, the antenna device may further include an inductor 70, which is disposed on the first surface 15 of the base plate 10. One end of the inductor 70 is connected to the first radiating part 20 and the second radiating part 30, meaning that the inductor 70, the first radiating part 20, and the second radiating part 30 are connected in parallel to the feed part 40. The other end of the inductor 70 is connected to the ground part 50. The inductor 70 is mainly used to improve the low-frequency performance of the antenna device. The inductance of the inductor 70 is 37-41 nH, preferably 39 nH. The antenna device may further include a capacitor 80, which is disposed on the microstrip line 60 by soldering. The capacitor 80 is used to improve the high-frequency performance of the antenna device. The capacitance of the capacitor 80 is 0.23-0.27 pF, preferably 0.25 pF.

[0054] The following reference Figures 3b to 9 This describes the testing performance of the embodiments of the present invention. Figure 3b This is a voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) diagram of an antenna device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a radiation pattern of an antenna device according to an embodiment of the present invention at a frequency of 900MHz. Figure 5 This is a radiation pattern of an antenna device according to an embodiment of the present invention at a frequency of 1.71 GHz. Figure 6 The image shows the radiation pattern of an antenna device according to an embodiment of the present invention at a frequency of 2.2 GHz. Figure 7 The image shows the radiation pattern of an antenna device according to an embodiment of the present invention at a frequency of 2.6 GHz. Figure 8 The image shows the radiation pattern of an antenna device according to an embodiment of the present invention at a frequency of 3.5 GHz. Figure 9 This is a radiation pattern of an antenna device according to an embodiment of the present invention at a frequency of 5.0 GHz. (Refer to...) Figures 4 to 9 It can be seen that the radiation pattern of the antenna device is symmetrical, and that the antenna device has good omnidirectionality in all frequency bands, with a maximum gain greater than 1.3 dBi.

[0055] At low frequencies, by Figure 3b It can be seen that the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of the antenna device is less than 4.7 in the 824-960MHz frequency band, and less than 1.97 at the 880MHz frequency point. (From...) Figure 4 The radiation pattern of the antenna device shows that the maximum antenna gain is 1.4 dBi, indicating good omnidirectional performance.

[0056] At intermediate frequencies, by Figure 3b It can be seen that the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of the antenna device is less than 3.0 in the 1710-2690MHz frequency band. Figures 5 to 7 The radiation pattern of the antenna device shows that the maximum gain of the antenna is greater than 1.5 dBi and it has good omnidirectionality.

[0057] At high frequencies, by Figure 3b It can be seen that the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of the antenna device is less than 3.0 in the 3.3-4.2GHz and 4.4-5.0GHz frequency bands. Figure 8 and Figure 9 The radiation pattern of the antenna device shows that the antenna has a maximum gain of 1.3 dBi at 3.5 GHz and a maximum gain of 2.4 dBi at 5.0 GHz, and also has good omnidirectionality.

[0058] In summary, this antenna device operates in the 5G frequency bands (3.3-4.2GHz and 4.4-5.0GHz) and is also compatible with the 4G LTE frequency bands, namely 824-960MHz and 1710-2690MHz. Within the operating frequency bands, the antenna device exhibits good electrical performance. The voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of the antenna device is less than 3.0 at the intermediate and high frequencies (1.71-2.69GHz, 3.3-4.2GHz, and 4.4-5.0GHz). Furthermore, the antenna device is small in size, simple in structure, easy to process and produce, and has low manufacturing costs.

[0059] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the invention without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and all such changes should fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An antenna device, characterized in that, The base plate includes a first end and a second end that are opposite to each other, a first side and a second side that are opposite to each other, a first surface and a second surface that are opposite to each other, and the line connecting the first side and the second side intersects the line connecting the first end and the second end. On the first surface of the base plate, a first radiating part, a second radiating part, a power feeding part and a grounding part are sequentially arranged from the first end to the second end. One end of the power feeding part is connected to the first radiating part and the second radiating part, and the other end of the power feeding part is connected to the grounding part. A microstrip line is provided on the second surface of the base plate, and the microstrip line is connected to the power supply unit. The first radiating part is provided with a first slot and a second slot, the grounding part is provided with a third slot, a fourth slot, a fifth slot and a sixth slot, and the microstrip line is fed from the third slot to the sixth slot; The first radiating part includes a first radiating patch, and the second radiating part includes a second radiating patch; The first gap, the third gap, and the fourth gap are in the shape of an "I" and the second gap, the fifth gap, and the sixth gap are in the shape of an "L". The first gap extends from the side of the first radiating patch near the first side toward the second side; The second gap extends from one side of the first radiating patch near the second radiating patch toward the first end and then toward the second side; The third gap and the fourth gap extend from the side of the grounding portion near the second side toward the first side; The fifth and sixth gaps extend from the side of the grounding portion near the second side toward the first side and then toward the second end.

2. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first radiating part further includes a first connecting line, and the first radiating patch is connected to the feeding part through the first connecting line; The second radiating part further includes a second connecting line, and the second radiating patch is connected to the feeding part through the second connecting line; The first and second radiating patches are rectangular, and the first and second connecting lines are in a Z-shape. The first radiating patch has a length of 13-17 mm and a width of 12.5-16.5 mm, and the second radiating patch has a length of 18.7-22.7 mm and a width of 1.5-3.5 mm.

3. The antenna device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first radiating patch is close to the first end, and the two sides of the first radiating patch are flush with the first side and the second side, respectively. The three sides of the grounding part are flush with the second end, the first side and the second side, respectively. The second radiating patch is disposed between the first radiating patch and the grounding part and is spaced apart from the first radiating patch and the grounding part.

4. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna device further includes an inductor disposed on the first surface, one end of the inductor being connected to the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion, and the other end of the inductor being connected to the ground portion; and / or The antenna device also includes a capacitor, which is mounted on the microstrip line by welding.

5. The antenna device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The antenna device further includes a capacitor, the inductance of the inductor is 37-41nH, and the capacitance of the capacitor is 0.23-0.27pF.

6. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base plate has a cuboid structure with a length of 94.5-98.5 mm, a width of 13-17 mm, and a thickness of 0.8-1.2 mm.

7. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The impedance of the microstrip line is 48-52 ohms.

8. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna device operates in three frequency bands: a low-frequency band, a mid-frequency band, and a high-frequency band. The low-frequency band is 824-960MHz, the mid-frequency band is 1710-2690MHz, and the high-frequency band is 3.3-4.2GHz and 4.4-5.0GHz.

9. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The width of each of the first gap to the sixth gap is 0.8-1.2 mm.

Images