A borehole arm assembly for borehole stability control in poor ground formations

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of drilling arms, and discloses a drilling arm assembly for drilling stability control in poor strata, which comprises a soil layer, a drill rod, a drill bit and an arm, the outer surface of the drill rod is fixedly sleeved with a soil discharging cone at the lower part, the soil discharging cone is internally provided with a soil discharging hole, the inner wall of the arm is symmetrically provided with two sliding grooves with the drill rod as the center, the upper and lower sides of the arm near the sliding groove are provided with stepped holes, the inner part of each stepped hole is slidably connected with a top block, the inner part of the two sliding grooves is slidably connected with a sliding block, the bottom surface of the sliding block is fixedly connected with a sliding rod, and the bottom end of the sliding rod is fixedly connected with a stop block. When the hemispherical pusher pushes the top block to move and extend out of the stepped hole, and the drill bit is driven to move downward to punch a hole through the drill rod, the top block is pushed by the soil discharging cone, the top block drives the arm to move downward, the arm can protect the drilling hole in the punching process, and the phenomenon of drilling hole collapse can be avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of borehole support technology, specifically a borehole support assembly for controlling borehole stability in adverse formations. Background Technology

[0002] Drilling guards are used to protect the borehole during the drilling process, especially in some unfavorable geological formations where borehole collapse is common, rendering the drilled hole unusable and affecting work efficiency.

[0003] In existing drilling arms, the ground is often drilled first, and then the arm is placed into the borehole. However, this method is difficult to solve the problem of borehole collapse during drilling. The arm cannot move down synchronously with the drill bit, thus affecting drilling efficiency. Secondly, after the arm is placed into the borehole, the borehole continues to be deepened. At this time, the arm will shake due to the vibration of the drill rod itself, which reduces the stability of the arm inside the borehole and thus reduces the drilling rate. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of existing borehole protectors mentioned in the background art during use, the present invention provides a borehole protector assembly for borehole stability control in poor formations. It has the advantages of avoiding borehole collapse during drilling, increasing the stability of the protector in the borehole, and ensuring that the protector moves down synchronously with the drill bit, thus solving the technical problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] This invention provides the following technical solution: a borehole support arm assembly for stabilizing boreholes in adverse formations, comprising a soil layer, a drill rod, a drill bit, and a support arm. A soil discharge cone is fixedly sleeved on the lower outer surface of the drill rod, and a soil discharge hole is formed inside the soil discharge cone. Two sliding grooves are symmetrically formed inside the side wall of the support arm with the drill rod as the center. Stepped holes are formed on the upper and lower sides of the support arm near the side wall of the drill rod in the sliding grooves. A top block is slidably connected inside each stepped hole. A slider is slidably connected inside the two sliding grooves. A sliding cavity is formed inside the slider. A spring is fixedly connected to the middle of the side wall of the sliding cavity. A movable plate is fixedly connected to the top of the spring. A hemisphere is fixedly connected to the middle of the side of the movable plate through a connecting rod. A sliding rod is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the slider, and a stop block is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the sliding rod.

[0006] Preferably, the outer surface of the upper part of the soil discharge cone is in sliding contact with the inner surface of the guard arm, and the soil discharge hole penetrates through the upper and lower surfaces of the soil discharge cone.

[0007] Preferably, there are four stepped holes, which are symmetrically distributed in pairs inside the side wall of the guard arm, and the top block is movably connected to the stepped holes by a tension spring.

[0008] Preferably, the side of the movable plate slides in contact with the inner wall of the sliding cavity, the diameter of the hemisphere is equal to the maximum diameter of the stepped hole, the inside of the guard arm is provided with a hole for the sliding rod to slide, and one end of the sliding rod connecting to the stop block extends out of the bottom of the guard arm.

[0009] Preferably, the slide bar has a liquid guiding groove inside, the stop block has a movable cavity inside, a piston plate is slidably connected inside the movable cavity, a top rod is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the piston plate, a compression spring is fixedly connected to the middle of the bottom surface of the piston plate, and a liquid bladder is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the slide groove.

[0010] Preferably, the lower opening of the liquid guiding groove penetrates the top wall of the baffle, and the lower opening of the liquid guiding groove communicates with the cavity located on the upper side of the piston plate of the movable cavity.

[0011] Preferably, the side of the piston plate slides in contact with the inner wall of the movable cavity, the bottom of the push rod extends out of the bottom surface of the stop block, the bottom end of the push rod is tapered, and the bottom of the stop block has a hole for the push rod to slide.

[0012] Preferably, the bottom surface of the compression spring is not connected to any component, the liquid bladder surrounds the outside of the slide bar, the top surface of the liquid bladder is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the slider, and the upper opening of the liquid guide groove communicates with the interior of the liquid bladder.

[0013] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] 1. This invention designs a soil-discharging cone, a chute, a stepped hole, a top block, a slider, a hemisphere, a sliding rod, and a stop block. In the initial position, the slider is located at the bottom of the top block due to its own gravity, causing the hemisphere to push the top block to move and extend out of the stepped hole. When the drill rod drives the drill bit to move down to drill, the soil-discharging cone pushes the top block, causing the top block to drive the guard arm to move down, so that the guard arm can protect the drill hole during the drilling process and prevent the drill hole from collapsing.

[0015] 2. This invention designs a soil-discharging cone, a chute, a stepped hole, a top block, a slider, a hemisphere, a sliding rod, and a stop block. When the guard arm moves downward, the soil in the borehole pushes the stop block upward, causing the stop block to move the sliding rod upward. The sliding rod applies an upward force to the slider, causing the hemisphere to press against the side wall of the stepped hole. This causes the hemisphere to move against the spring's potential energy via a connecting rod, thus causing the sliding rod to move the slider upward. When the slider moves to the upper stepped hole, the spring's potential energy causes the connecting rod to move the hemisphere, causing the hemisphere to extend the top block. This keeps the soil-discharging cone positioned between the upper and lower top blocks, thereby increasing the stability of the guard arm in the borehole and improving the drilling speed.

[0016] 3. This invention, through the design of a stop block, movable cavity, piston plate, top rod, compression spring, and liquid bladder, allows the drill bit to continuously move downwards via the drill rod. Since some soil remains in the borehole after drilling, affecting the downward movement of the guard arm, as the borehole deepens, this remaining soil falls, causing the stop block to move downwards. This causes the stop block to move downwards via a sliding rod, forcing the liquid in the liquid bladder into the movable cavity. This, in turn, pushes the piston plate downwards, causing the piston plate to extend the top rod out of the movable cavity. Simultaneously, the compression spring at the bottom of the piston plate stores energy, which then uses its potential energy to push the piston plate upwards, further forcing the liquid into the liquid bladder. This causes the piston plate to move the top rod up and down, loosening the soil in the borehole, reducing the resistance of the remaining soil to the guard arm, allowing the guard arm to move synchronously with the drill rod, thus improving drilling efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall internal three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal three-dimensional structure of the arm guard of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal three-dimensional structure of the slider of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal three-dimensional structure of the stop block of the present invention.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Soil layer; 2. Drill hole; 3. Fixing frame; 4. Slide frame; 5. Slide plate; 6. Drill rod; 61. Soil discharge cone; 62. Soil discharge hole; 7. Drill bit; 8. Protective arm; 81. Slide groove; 82. Stepped hole; 83. Top block; 84. Sliding block; 841. Slide cavity; 842. Spring; 843. Movable plate; 844. Hemisphere; 85. Slide rod; 851. Liquid guide groove; 86. Stop block; 861. Movable cavity; 862. Piston plate; 863. Top rod; 864. Compression spring; 87. Liquid bladder. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] Please see Figures 1-5A borehole guard arm assembly for borehole stability control in unfavorable formations includes a soil layer 1, a borehole 2 in the middle of the soil layer 1, a fixed frame 3 movably placed on the top surface of the soil layer 1, a slide 4 fixedly installed on the left side of the top surface of the fixed frame 3, a slide plate 5 slidably connected to the outer surface of the slide plate 4, a drill rod 6 fixedly sleeved in the middle of the slide plate 5, a drill bit 7 fixedly installed at the bottom of the drill rod 6, and a guard arm 8 movably placed inside the borehole 2 and outside the drill rod 6.

[0026] Please see Figures 1-5 A soil-discharging cone 61 is fixedly sleeved on the lower outer surface of the drill rod 6. A soil-discharging hole 62 is provided inside the soil-discharging cone 61. The upper outer surface of the soil-discharging cone 61 slides in contact with the inner surface of the guard arm 8. The soil-discharging hole 62 penetrates the upper and lower surfaces of the soil-discharging cone 61, facilitating soil discharge during drilling. Two sliding grooves 81 are symmetrically provided inside the side wall of the guard arm 8, centered on the drill rod 6. Stepped holes 82 are provided on both the upper and lower sides of the guard arm 8 near the side wall of the drill rod 6, located in the sliding grooves 81. A top block 83 is slidably connected inside each stepped hole 82. There are four stepped holes 82, symmetrically distributed in pairs inside the side wall of the guard arm 8. The top block 83 is movably connected to the stepped hole 82 by a tension spring, ensuring that the top block 83 can extend out of the stepped hole 82 and engage with the soil-discharging cone 61. The two sliding grooves 81 are connected by a slider 84. The slider 84 has a sliding cavity 841 inside. A spring 842 is fixedly connected to the middle of the side wall of the sliding cavity 841. A movable plate 843 is fixedly welded to the top of the spring 842. A hemisphere 844 is fixedly welded to the middle of the side of the movable plate 843 through a connecting rod. A sliding rod 85 is fixedly welded to the bottom surface of the slider 84. A stop block 86 is fixedly welded to the bottom end of the sliding rod 85. The side of the movable plate 843 slides in contact with the inner side wall of the sliding cavity 841. The diameter of the hemisphere 844 is equal to the maximum diameter of the stepped hole 82. The guard arm 8 has a hole for the sliding rod 85 to slide. One end of the sliding rod 85 connected to the stop block 86 extends out of the bottom of the guard arm 8, so that when the stop block 86 is pushed by the soil, the sliding rod 85 can drive the slider 84 to move.

[0027] Please see Figures 1-5 In the initial state, the slider 84 is positioned at the lower stepped hole 82 due to its own gravity, causing the spring 842 in the sliding cavity 841 to move the movable plate 843. The movable plate 843 uses a connecting rod to move the hemisphere 844, causing the hemisphere 844 to push out the lower top block 83. When the drill rod 6 moves the soil discharge cone 61 downward, the cooperation between the soil discharge cone 61 and the top block 83 moves the guard arm 8 downward. Compared with placing the guard arm after drilling, this effectively prevents the collapse phenomenon that occurs during the drilling process and improves the drilling efficiency.

[0028] Secondly, when the guard arm 8 moves down, soil remains inside the borehole 2, which pushes the stop block 86 upward. This causes the stop block 86 to move the slide rod 85 upward, which in turn moves the slider 84 upward. This causes the hemisphere 844 to move to the upper stepped hole 82, thus pushing out the upper top block 83. As a result, the soil discharge cone 61 remains between the upper and lower top blocks 83. The outer surface of the soil discharge cone 61 is in contact with the inner wall of the guard arm 8, thereby supporting the guard arm 8. This increases the stability of the guard arm 8 within the borehole 2 and improves the drilling speed.

[0029] The working principle of the usage method of Embodiment 1 of the present invention is as follows:

[0030] First, the drive mechanism is activated to rotate the drill rod 6 and control the slide plate 5 to move down to drill a pre-reserved hole in the soil layer 1. Then, the drill rod 6 is lifted to surround the guard arm 8 on the outside of the drill rod 6 and the guard arm 8 is placed inside the borehole 2. Then, the drive device is activated again to drive the drill rod 6 down to drive the drill bit 7 to drill. Since the initial position of the slider 84 is at the lower stepped hole 82, the top block 83 is pushed out by the hemisphere 844. When the drill rod 6 moves down, it drives the soil discharge cone 61 down. The soil discharge cone 61 drives the top block 83 down, which in turn drives the guard arm 8 down, thereby protecting the side wall of the borehole 2 and preventing collapse. At the same time, the cooperation between the soil discharge cone 61 and the guard arm 8 makes the position of the guard arm 8 inside the borehole 2 more stable.

[0031] Example 2

[0032] Based on Example 1, please refer to Figures 1-5 The slide rod 85 has a liquid guiding groove 851 inside, and the stop block 86 has a movable cavity 861 inside. A piston plate 862 is slidably connected inside the movable cavity 861. The lower opening of the liquid guiding groove 851 penetrates the top wall of the stop block 86, and the lower opening of the liquid guiding groove 851 communicates with the cavity of the movable cavity 861 located above the piston plate 862, ensuring that the liquid in the liquid guiding groove 851 can flow into the movable cavity 861. A push rod 863 is fixedly welded to the bottom surface of the piston plate 862. The side of the piston plate 862 slides in contact with the inner side wall of the movable cavity 861. The bottom of the push rod 863 extends out of the bottom surface of the stop block 86. The stop block 86 is conical, and the bottom of the stop block 86 has a hole for the top rod 863 to slide, ensuring that the top rod 863 can extend out of the bottom of the stop block 86, thereby loosening the soil and reducing the resistance of the guard arm 8 moving downward. A compression spring 864 is fixedly welded to the middle of the bottom surface of the piston plate 862. A liquid bladder 87 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the slide groove 81. The bottom surface of the compression spring 864 is not connected to any component. The liquid bladder 87 surrounds the outside of the slide rod 85. The top surface of the liquid bladder 87 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the slide block 84. The upper opening of the liquid guide groove 851 communicates with the inside of the liquid bladder 87, ensuring that when the liquid bladder 87 is squeezed, the liquid inside the liquid bladder 87 can enter the liquid guide groove 851.

[0033] Please see Figures 1-5 As drill rod 6, carrying drill bit 7, continues to descend and drill, the remaining soil in borehole 2 increases the resistance to the downward movement of guard arm 8. This remaining soil inevitably surrounds the outside of stop block 86. As the depth of borehole 2 increases, the soil causes stop block 86 to sink, which in turn causes slide rod 85 to move downward. This causes slide rod 85 to move slider 84 downward, squeezing the liquid bladder 87 and forcing the liquid inside into the guide groove 851, ultimately transferring it to the movable cavity 861, and placing it on top of piston plate 862. The piston plate 862 is moved downward by liquid pressure, causing the piston plate 862 to drive the push rod 863 to extend out of the bottom of the stop block 86. When the piston plate 862 drives the push rod 863 downward, the compression spring 864 stores energy. Then, the potential energy of the compression spring 864 drives the piston plate 862 upward, causing the piston plate 862 to drive the push rod 863 to move up and down, thereby loosening the residual soil, reducing the resistance of the guard arm 8 downward, and allowing the guard arm 8 to move downward synchronously with the drill rod 6 and the drill bit 7, thus improving the drilling efficiency.

[0034] The working principle of the usage method of Embodiment 2 of the present invention is as follows:

[0035] As drill rod 6 drives drill bit 7 to continue drilling, the residual soil in borehole 2 increases the resistance of the guard arm 8 as it moves downward. At this time, the residual soil will inevitably cover the outside of stop block 86. As the depth of borehole 2 increases, the residual soil will sink, causing stop block 86 to move downward, which in turn drives slide rod 85 to move downward. This causes slide rod 85 to drive slider 84 to squeeze liquid bladder 87, allowing the liquid in liquid bladder 87 to enter movable cavity 861 through liquid guide groove 851. This pushes piston plate 862 to move, causing push rod 863 to extend out of the bottom of stop block 86. The potential energy of compression spring 864 is used to make push rod 863 move up and down, thereby loosening the residual soil.

Claims

1. A borehole support assembly for controlling borehole stability in adverse formations, comprising a soil layer (1), a drill rod (6), a drill bit (7), and a support arm (8), characterized in that: A soil discharge cone (61) is fixedly sleeved on the lower part of the outer surface of the drill rod (6). A soil discharge hole (62) is opened inside the soil discharge cone (61). Two sliding grooves (81) are symmetrically opened inside the side wall of the guard arm (8) with the drill rod (6) as the center. Stepped holes (82) are opened on the upper and lower sides of the side wall of the guard arm (8) near the drill rod (6). A top block (83) is slidably connected inside each of the stepped holes (82). The interior of the two sliding grooves (81) is... A slider (84) is slidably connected. A sliding cavity (841) is opened inside the slider (84). A spring (842) is fixedly connected to the middle of the side wall of the sliding cavity (841). A movable plate (843) is fixedly connected to the top of the spring (842). A hemisphere (844) is fixedly connected to the middle of the side of the movable plate (843) through a connecting rod. A sliding rod (85) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the slider (84). A stop block (86) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the sliding rod (85).

2. The borehole support assembly for borehole stability control in adverse formations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the upper part of the soil discharge cone (61) slides in contact with the inner surface of the guard arm (8), and the soil discharge hole (62) penetrates the upper and lower surfaces of the soil discharge cone (61).

3. The borehole support assembly for borehole stability control in adverse formations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the stepped holes (82) is four, and the four stepped holes (82) are symmetrically distributed in pairs inside the side wall of the guard arm (8). The top block (83) is movably connected to the stepped holes (82) by a tension spring.

4. A borehole support assembly for borehole stability control in adverse formations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side of the movable plate (843) slides in contact with the inner wall of the sliding cavity (841). The diameter of the hemisphere (844) is equal to the maximum diameter of the stepped hole (82). The inside of the guard arm (8) is provided with a hole for the sliding rod (85) to slide. One end of the sliding rod (85) connected to the stop block (86) extends out of the bottom of the guard arm (8).

5. A borehole support assembly for borehole stability control in adverse formations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slide rod (85) has a liquid guide groove (851) inside, the stop block (86) has a movable cavity (861) inside, the movable cavity (861) is slidably connected to a piston plate (862), the bottom surface of the piston plate (862) is fixedly connected to a top rod (863), the bottom surface of the piston plate (862) is fixedly connected to a compression spring (864), and the bottom surface of the slide groove (81) is fixedly connected to a liquid bladder (87).

6. A borehole support assembly for borehole stability control in adverse formations according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lower opening of the liquid guiding groove (851) penetrates the top wall of the stop block (86), and the lower opening of the liquid guiding groove (851) is connected to the cavity of the movable cavity (861) located on the upper side of the piston plate (862).

7. A borehole support assembly for borehole stability control in adverse formations according to claim 5, characterized in that: The side of the piston plate (862) slides in contact with the inner wall of the movable cavity (861), the bottom of the push rod (863) extends out of the bottom surface of the stop block (86), the bottom end of the push rod (863) is conical, and the bottom of the stop block (86) is provided with a hole for the push rod (863) to slide.

8. A borehole support assembly for borehole stability control in adverse formations according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the compression spring (864) is not connected to any component. The liquid bladder (87) surrounds the outside of the slide bar (85). The top surface of the liquid bladder (87) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the slider (84). The upper opening of the liquid guide groove (851) communicates with the inside of the liquid bladder (87).

Images