Integrated device for exhaust aftertreatment of multi-mode running marine diesel engine and control method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of multi-mode operation's marine diesel engine exhaust aftertreatment integrated device, including shell, several layers of catalyst reaction module, particle capture reaction module, purge pipe assembly, intake pipe piece and PLC controller, catalyst reaction module is respectively supported in the first chamber of the reaction chamber of shell, particle capture reaction module is supported in the second chamber, shell is also equipped with flap swing mechanism and the on-off mechanism of two chambers, purge pipe assembly and intake pipe piece are respectively arranged in the inside and outside of reaction chamber.Control method includes A, catalyst reaction module operating mode, B, particle capture reaction module operating mode and C, with in-bypass type NO X Exhaust aftertreatment mode.The application effectively solves the problem that it is difficult to install two sets of exhaust aftertreatment devices in the space of a ship, saves the valuable space of a cabin, effectively implements the energy-saving and environmental protection requirements of a ship, solves the blockage control problem of two chambers, and significantly improves the reliability of the application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an exhaust gas aftertreatment device for internal combustion engines, and more particularly to a diesel engine exhaust gas aftertreatment device and control method with multiple operating modes, belonging to the field of environmental protection technology. Background Technology

[0002] With increasingly stringent emission regulations from the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and domestically, the requirements for environmental protection and energy conservation of marine diesel engines are becoming increasingly stringent both domestically and internationally. Different regions also have varying requirements for marine diesel engine exhaust emissions. In the National Nitrogen Oxide Emission Control Area (NECA), which includes the Baltic Sea, North Sea, North America, and the Caribbean Sea, vessels are required to meet Tier III emission standards (IOMO Tier 3 emission standards), and vessels must be equipped with and activate NOx emission control systems in advance. X Exhaust gas aftertreatment devices. Meanwhile, outside the NECA area, when ships are berthing or departing, marine diesel engines are mostly operating at low speeds or idling. At this time, fuel combustion is often incomplete, and SOOT (carbon soot) and particulate matter in the exhaust gas increase rapidly, easily producing noticeable black smoke. Ports and wharves on various rivers, lakes, and seas both domestically and internationally have imposed numerous requirements on carbon emissions from berthing ships. To meet these emission regulations, more and more ships are installing various exhaust gas aftertreatment devices, especially NOx aftertreatment systems. X Most marine exhaust aftertreatment systems are SOOT systems. Marine exhaust aftertreatment systems often involve a large number of pipes, valves, and components, and the reaction devices are relatively large. Given the relatively small interior space of a ship, it is difficult to install more than two aftertreatment systems. At the same time, different exhaust aftertreatment systems are prone to varying degrees of blockage during actual use due to the complex operating conditions. This leads to increased exhaust back pressure, increased fuel consumption, and reduced power in marine diesel engines, affecting the normal operation and overall performance of marine diesel engines, and in severe cases, even damaging the marine diesel engine itself. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated exhaust gas aftertreatment device and control method for marine diesel engines operating in multiple modes, meeting the exhaust gas aftertreatment requirements of multiple areas.

[0004] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0005] An integrated exhaust gas aftertreatment device for marine diesel engines operating in multiple modes includes a dual-channel housing, a multi-layer catalyst reaction module, a particulate capture reaction module, a compressed air cylinder, a purge pipe assembly, an intake pipe, and a PLC controller. The upright dual-channel housing includes an input pipe, a V-shaped pulse booster pipe, a first variable-diameter connecting pipe, a second variable-diameter connecting pipe, a reaction chamber, an upper variable-diameter connecting pipe, and an output pipe. The cuboid-shaped inner cavity of the reaction chamber is divided into a first chamber and a second chamber by a vertical partition, with the outer sides of the first and second chambers respectively... Install the door panel. The upper end of the input pipe is welded to the lower end of the V-shaped pulse booster pipe. The two branch pipes at the upper end of the V-shaped pulse booster pipe are welded to the lower ends of the first and second chambers in the reaction chamber via a first and a second reducing connecting pipe, respectively. The upper end of the reaction chamber is welded to the output pipe via an upper reducing connecting pipe. The compressed air cylinder is horizontally placed on the lower outer side of the reaction chamber via several parallel support bases. One end of the compressed air cylinder is connected to the inlet pipe, and the upper side of the compressed air cylinder is welded to the lower end of the inlet pipe plate vertically installed outside the reaction chamber. After one end of the purge pipe assembly extends out of the first chamber and the second chamber respectively, it is vertically connected to the intake pipe strip via a two-way solenoid valve. The catalyst reaction modules are supported vertically on support rails in the first chamber, and the particle capture reaction module is supported on support rails in the second chamber. The purge pipe assembly includes several layers of catalyst reaction module strips in the first chamber and two layers of particle capture reaction module strips in the second chamber. The several layers of catalyst reaction module strips, spaced apart, traverse the upper part of the first chamber, and the two layers of particle capture reaction module strips traverse the upper part of the second chamber. The several layers of catalyst reaction modules are located between the catalyst reaction module strips, and the particle capture reaction module is located between the particle capture reaction module strips. The lower end of the upper variable diameter connecting pipe is equipped with an upper flap swing mechanism. The lower parts of the first and second variable diameter connecting pipes are respectively equipped with a first chamber on / off mechanism and a second chamber on / off mechanism. The differential pressure sensor is connected to the input pipe and the output pipe respectively via connecting pipes. The PLC controller is connected to the inlet NO inlet of the input pipe via signal lines. X Sensor, bypassing the outlet NO of the output tube X The sensor, differential pressure sensor, two-way solenoid valves, control terminal of the upper flap swing mechanism, control terminal of the first chamber on / off mechanism, and control terminal of the second chamber on / off mechanism are connected.

[0006] The objectives of this invention can also be further achieved through the following technical measures.

[0007] Furthermore, the intake pipe segment includes an upper horizontal pipe and several parallel vertical pipes. The upper ends of the vertical pipes are welded to the upper horizontal pipes, and the gas delivery pipe is vertically welded to the vertical pipes on the outside of the intake pipe segment. Each catalyst reaction module segment includes several first horizontal purge pipes arranged at horizontal intervals, and each particle capture reaction module segment includes two second horizontal purge pipes arranged in parallel. One end of the first horizontal purge pipe and one end of the second horizontal purge pipe are both closed. The other ends of the first horizontal purge pipe and the other ends of the second horizontal purge pipe extend out of one side of the reaction chamber and are then welded to one end of a U-shaped bend through corresponding two-way solenoid valves. The other end of the U-shaped bend is welded to the corresponding vertical pipe.

[0008] Furthermore, multiple rows of first purge holes are spaced apart on the longitudinal upper side of the circumferential surface of the first horizontal purge pipe, each row of first purge holes including multiple first purge holes evenly distributed along the upper semicircle of the cross-section of the first horizontal purge pipe; multiple groups of second purge hole areas are spaced apart on the longitudinal upper side of the circumferential surface of the second horizontal purge pipe, each group of second purge hole areas including multiple rows of second purge holes evenly distributed along the upper semicircle of the cross-section of the second horizontal purge pipe; the first purge holes of the first horizontal purge pipe are all facing upwards, and the second purge holes of the upper and lower layers of the second horizontal purge pipe are arranged opposite each other; the spacing L1 between the first purge hole groups is less than the spacing L between the second purge hole groups.

[0009] Furthermore, the particle capture reaction module is a molded structure made of ceramic or metal substrate. The molded structure includes several longitudinal adsorption plates and several transverse adsorption plates that are cross-shaped into a grid. The upper plate and the lower plate are fixed at the upper and lower ends of the grid at intervals, and the upper plate and the lower plate are staggered and arranged on different axes. Multiple air vents are evenly distributed on the longitudinal adsorption plates and the transverse adsorption plates.

[0010] Furthermore, the upper flap swing mechanism includes an upper flap assembly, a first hinge seat, a first electromagnet, and a second electromagnet. The first hinge seat is fixed to the top of the vertical partition. The upper flap assembly includes an upper flap made of non-magnetic metal and two pure iron pads. The lower end of the upper flap is hinged to the first hinge seat. The first electromagnet is fixed inside the lower end port of the output tube, and the second electromagnet is fixed inside the upper end of the upper reducing connecting tube. The first and second electromagnets are arranged diagonally above and below each other. One pad is fixed to the upper part of one side of the upper flap and corresponds to the position of the first electromagnet. The other pad is fixed to the upper end port of the other side of the upper flap and corresponds to the position of the second electromagnet.

[0011] Furthermore, the first chamber switching mechanism includes a first lower flap assembly, a second hinge seat, a third electromagnet, and a fourth electromagnet; the second chamber switching mechanism includes a second lower flap assembly, a third hinge seat, a fifth electromagnet, and a sixth electromagnet. The first and second lower flap assemblies each include a corresponding non-magnetic metal first lower flap, a second lower flap, and several pure iron pads. The second hinge seat is fixed inside the lower side of the first variable diameter connecting pipe, the third electromagnet is fixed inside the upper side of the first variable diameter connecting pipe, and the fourth electromagnet is fixed inside the lower side of the first variable diameter connecting pipe. The first reducing connecting pipe is located inside the lower part on the other side, and the third and fourth electromagnets are arranged diagonally above and below each other; one end of the first lower flap is hinged to the second hinge seat, and the pads are respectively fixed on both sides of the other end of the first lower flap; the third hinge seat is fixed inside the lower part on one side of the second reducing connecting pipe, the fifth electromagnet is fixed inside the upper part on one side of the second reducing connecting pipe, and the sixth electromagnet is fixed inside the lower part on the other side of the second reducing connecting pipe, and the fifth and sixth electromagnets are arranged diagonally above and below each other; one end of the second lower flap is hinged to the third hinge seat, and the pads are respectively fixed on both sides of the other end of the second lower flap.

[0012] Furthermore, the compressed air cylinder has an inflation pressure range of 0.6–0.8 MPa; the differential pressure sensor has a differential pressure range of 0–6 kPa and an operating current of 4–20 mA; the inlet NO... X Sensors and Export NO X The measurement range of the sensors is 0-2000ppm.

[0013] A control method for a multi-mode marine diesel engine exhaust aftertreatment integrated device includes the following three different steps in three operating modes:

[0014] A. Catalyst Reaction Module Operating Mode

[0015] A1) When the ship is sailing to a nitrogen oxide emission control area or an area that needs to meet Tier III emission standards, the PLC controller commands the first electromagnet to be energized and the second electromagnet to be de-energized. Under the electromagnetic field of the first electromagnet, the first flap rotates clockwise around the hinge center of the first hinge seat until the first electromagnet attracts the pad on one side of the first flap, thereby sealing the upper end of the second chamber.

[0016] A2) The PLC controller commands the third electromagnet of the first chamber switching mechanism to be energized and the fourth electromagnet to be de-energized. Under the electromagnetic field of the third electromagnet, the first lower flap rotates counterclockwise around the hinge center of the second hinge seat until the pad on one side of the first lower flap is attracted by the third electromagnet, and the first lower flap flips up to a vertical state, and the first chamber is in the open state; at the same time, the fifth electromagnet of the second chamber switching mechanism is energized and the sixth electromagnet is de-energized, and the pad on one side of the second lower flap is attracted by the sixth electromagnet, and the second lower flap remains in the horizontal closed state;

[0017] A3) The PLC controller commands to open the two-way solenoid valves connected to the other end of each first horizontal purge pipe. The compressed air of 0.6 to 0.8 MPa output from the other end of the compressed air bottle enters each first horizontal purge pipe through the air inlet pipe and purges the catalyst reaction module on it through multiple upward first purge holes.

[0018] The exhaust gas from the marine diesel engine enters the first chamber of the reaction chamber through the input pipe, V-type pulse booster pipe and first variable diameter connecting pipe in sequence. It passes through several layers of catalyst reaction modules from bottom to top, and is purified after fully reacting with the catalyst. The purified exhaust gas is then discharged through the upper variable diameter connecting pipe, output pipe and flue.

[0019] B. Working mode of particle capture reaction module

[0020] B1) When the ship is running in a low-speed or idling area such as a port or dock, in order to avoid the ship emitting black smoke, the PLC controller commands the second electromagnet to be energized and the first electromagnet to be de-energized. Under the action of the electromagnetic field of the second electromagnet, the first flap rotates counterclockwise around the hinge center of the first hinge seat until the second electromagnet attracts the pad on the other side of the first flap, thereby sealing the upper end of the first chamber.

[0021] B2) The PLC controller commands the fifth electromagnet of the second chamber switching mechanism to be energized and the sixth electromagnet to be de-energized. Under the electromagnetic field of the fifth electromagnet, the second lower flap rotates clockwise around the hinge center of the third hinge seat until the pad on one side of the second lower flap is attracted by the fifth electromagnet, and the second lower flap flips up to a vertical state, and the second chamber is in the open state; at the same time, the fourth electromagnet of the first chamber switching mechanism is energized and the third electromagnet is de-energized. Under the electromagnetic field of the fourth electromagnet, the pad on one side of the first lower flap is attracted by the fourth electromagnet, and the first lower flap remains in the horizontal closed state;

[0022] B3) The PLC controller commands to open the two-way solenoid valves connected to the other end of each second horizontal purge pipe. The compressed air of 0.6 to 0.8 MPa output from the other end of the compressed air bottle enters each second horizontal purge pipe through the air inlet pipe and purges the particle capture reaction module through the second horizontal purge pipes on the upper and lower sides of the particle capture reaction module.

[0023] When the diesel engine exhaust flows through the particulate capture module, the exhaust flow passes through a vertical channel, is blocked by the upper plate and changes direction, then passes through the vent and enters the adjacent vertical channel in sequence, is blocked by the lower plate and changes direction again. This process repeats, extending the flow path of the exhaust gas and allowing it to fully contact the longitudinal and lateral adsorption plates, thus effectively absorbing particulate matter such as soot in the exhaust gas.

[0024] C. NO with in-band bypass X Exhaust gas aftertreatment mode

[0025] For most navigation areas, as long as Tier II emission requirements are met and the marine diesel engine maintains a stable speed, carbon emissions in the exhaust gas remain stable, eliminating the need for aftertreatment adsorption. In this case, opening the outer door of the second chamber and removing the particulate capture reaction module, while keeping the second chamber unobstructed, transforms the marine diesel engine exhaust aftertreatment integrated device into a NOx-free type with internal bypass. X Exhaust gas aftertreatment device; when the inlet NO X When the sensor detects that the marine diesel engine exhaust meets Tier II emission requirements, the PLC controller instructs to repeat steps B1) and B2), causing the reaction chamber to be in the state of first chamber closed and second chamber open. The exhaust gas emitted by the marine diesel engine passes through the second chamber, the upper reducer connecting pipe, and the output pipe in sequence and is directly discharged; when the inlet NO X When the sensor detects that the exhaust gas from the marine diesel engine exceeds the Tier II requirements, it returns to the catalyst reaction module operating mode of mode A, that is, it operates in the mode of opening the first chamber and closing the second chamber.

[0026] Furthermore, in step A3) of mode A, when the differential pressure sensor detects that the inlet and outlet pressure difference between the input pipe and the output pipe is 0-1.5 kPa, the PLC controller instructs the two-way solenoid valves connected to each first horizontal purge pipe to open once every 50-60 minutes to purge the catalyst reaction module, with each purge lasting 2-3 seconds; when the differential pressure sensor detects that the inlet and outlet pressure difference between the input pipe and the output pipe is 1.5 kPa-2.5 kPa, the PLC controller instructs the two-way solenoid valves connected to each first horizontal purge pipe to open once every 20-30 minutes to purge the catalyst reaction module, with each purge lasting 5-6 seconds.

[0027] In step B3) of mode B, when the differential pressure sensor detects that the inlet and outlet pressure difference between the input and output pipes is 0 kPa-1.5 kPa, the PLC controller instructs the two-way solenoid valves connected to each second horizontal purge pipe to open the purge particle capture reaction module once every 50-60 minutes, with each instance lasting 2-3 seconds; when the differential pressure sensor detects that the inlet and outlet pressure difference between the input and output pipes is 1.5 kPa-2.5 kPa, the PLC controller instructs the two-way solenoid valves connected to each second horizontal purge pipe to open the purge particle capture reaction module once every 20-30 minutes, with each instance lasting 5-6 seconds.

[0028] In step A3) of mode A or step B3) of mode B, when the differential pressure sensor detects that the inlet and outlet pressure difference between the input pipe and the output pipe is greater than 2.5 kPa, the marine diesel engine exhaust aftertreatment integrated device is shut down, the door panel is opened to check the blockage of the catalyst reaction module and the particulate capture reaction module, and replacement is performed if necessary.

[0029] The reaction chamber of this invention comprises a first chamber and a second chamber arranged side-by-side, each housing several layers of catalyst reaction modules and a particulate capture reaction module. It employs a compact structure integrating two exhaust gas purification reaction modules into a single reaction chamber, achieving a high degree of integration. This effectively solves the problem of limited space on ships, making it difficult to install two sets of exhaust gas aftertreatment devices, thus saving valuable shipboard space. Within a single device, this invention can guide the exhaust gas from marine diesel engines through three different aftertreatment modes according to the varying emission requirements of the ship's navigation area, significantly improving the purification effect of marine diesel engine exhaust gas and effectively implementing ship energy conservation and environmental protection requirements. This invention controls the different rotations of the upper flap swing mechanism, the first chamber on / off mechanism, and the second chamber on / off mechanism by switching on and off various electromagnets, achieving separate on / off control of the first and second chambers. The structure is simple and easy to use. Simultaneously, a differential pressure sensor monitors the exhaust gas pressure difference at the inlet and outlet of this invention to determine the appropriate purging method, solving the problem of varying degrees of blockage control in the two chambers and significantly improving the reliability of this invention.

[0030] The advantages and features of the present invention will be illustrated and explained by the following non-limiting description of preferred embodiments, which are given by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is the front view of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a 3D view of the intake manifold and purge pipe assembly;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a 3D view of the particle capture reaction module;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of working mode A;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of working mode B;

[0037] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of working mode C. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0039] In the description of this invention, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer" that indicate orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and do not indicate or imply that the device referred to must have a specific orientation.

[0040] like Figures 1-5 As shown, this embodiment includes a dual-channel housing 1, a 3-layer catalyst reaction module 2, a particle capture reaction module 3, a compressed air bottle 4, a purge pipe assembly 5, an air intake pipe 6, and a PLC controller 7. The upright dual-channel housing 1 includes an input pipe 11, a V-shaped pulse booster pipe 12, a first variable diameter connecting pipe 13, a second variable diameter connecting pipe 14, a reaction chamber 15, an upper variable diameter connecting pipe 16, and an output pipe 17. The cuboid reaction chamber 15 is divided into a first chamber 151 and a second chamber 152 by a vertical partition 153. Door panels 154 are installed on the outside of the first chamber 151 and the outside of the second chamber 152, respectively. The number of layers of the catalyst reaction module 2 can be determined as 1-5 layers according to the actual power of the marine diesel engine installed on the ship. In this embodiment, the catalyst reaction module 2 has 3 layers. The upper end of the input tube 11 is welded to the lower end of the V-type pulse booster tube 12. The two branch tubes 121 at the upper end of the V-type pulse booster tube 12 are welded to the lower ends of the first chamber 151 and the second chamber 152 in the reaction chamber 15 through the first variable diameter connecting tube 13 and the second variable diameter connecting tube 14, respectively. The upper end of the reaction chamber 15 is welded to the output tube 17 through the upper variable diameter connecting tube 16.

[0041] Catalyst reaction modules 2 are supported vertically on support rails 155 made of angle steel or T-shaped steel within the first chamber 151, while particle capture reaction modules 3 are supported on support rails 155 made of angle steel within the second chamber. The number of layers of catalyst reaction modules 2 can be determined from 1 to 5 layers depending on the power of the marine diesel engine; in this embodiment, there are 3 layers. The purge pipe assembly 5 includes 3 layers of catalyst reaction module tubes 51 within the first chamber 151 and 2 layers of particle capture reaction module tubes 52 within the second chamber 152. The 3 layers of catalyst reaction module tubes 51, spaced apart, traverse the upper part of the first chamber 151, and the 2 layers of particle capture reaction module tubes 52 traverse the upper part of the second chamber 152. The 3 layers of catalyst reaction modules 2 are located between the catalyst reaction module tubes 51, and the particle capture reaction modules 3 are located between the two layers of particle capture reaction module tubes 52.

[0042] The compressed air cylinder 4 is horizontally placed on the lower outer side of the reaction chamber 15 by four side-by-side steel welded support bases 41. The right end of the compressed air cylinder 4 is connected to the air inlet pipe 42, and the upper side is welded to the lower end of the air inlet pipe 6 which is vertically arranged on the outer side of the reaction chamber 15. One end of the purge pipe assembly 5 in the reaction chamber 15 extends out of the first chamber 151 and the second chamber 152 respectively, and is vertically welded to the air inlet pipe 6 through two-way solenoid valves 53 respectively.

[0043] like Figure 3As shown, the intake pipe 6 in this embodiment includes an upper horizontal pipe 61 and six parallel vertical pipes 62. The upper ends of the vertical pipes 62 are welded to the upper horizontal pipes 61, and the lower ends of the vertical pipes 62 are vertically welded to the upper side of the compressed air cylinder 4. Each catalyst reaction module pipe 51 includes four first horizontal purge pipes 511 arranged at horizontal intervals, and each particle capture reaction module pipe 52 includes two second horizontal purge pipes 521 arranged in parallel. Figure 3 The left ends of the first horizontal purge pipe 511 and the second horizontal purge pipe 521 are both closed. The right ends of the first horizontal purge pipe 511 and the second horizontal purge pipe 521 extend out of one side of the reaction chamber 15 and are then welded to one end of the U-shaped bend 513 via corresponding two-way solenoid valves 53. The other ends of the U-shaped bend 513 are welded to the corresponding vertical pipes 62. Multiple rows of first purge hole groups 514 are spaced apart on the longitudinal upper side of the circumference of the first horizontal purge pipe 511. Each row of first purge hole groups 514 includes multiple first purge holes 5141 evenly distributed along the upper semicircle of the cross-section of the first horizontal purge pipe. Multiple groups of second purge hole areas 522 are spaced apart on the longitudinal upper side of the circumference of the second horizontal purge pipe 521. Each group of second purge hole areas 522 includes multiple rows of second purge holes 5221 evenly distributed along the upper semicircle of the cross-section of the second horizontal purge pipe 521. The first purge holes 511 of the first horizontal purge pipe 511 are all upward-facing to facilitate the top-down purge of the catalyst reaction module 2. The second purge holes 5221 of the upper and lower layers of the second horizontal purge pipes 521 are arranged opposite each other to facilitate the top-down purge of the particle capture reaction module 3. The spacing L1 of the first purge hole group 514 is smaller than the spacing L of the second purge hole group 522.

[0044] like Figure 4 As shown, the particle capture reaction module 3 is a molded structure made of ceramic or metal. In this embodiment, the particle capture reaction module 3 includes three longitudinal adsorption plates 31 and four transverse adsorption plates 32 arranged in a cross-shaped grid. The upper plate 33 and the lower plate 34 are fixed at the upper and lower ends of the grid at intervals, and the upper plate 33 and the lower plate 34 are arranged on different axes. Multiple air vents 311 are evenly distributed on the longitudinal adsorption plates 31 and the transverse adsorption plates 32.

[0045] like Figures 5-7 As shown, the lower end of the upper variable diameter connecting pipe 17 is provided with an upper flap swing mechanism 8, and the lower part of the first variable diameter connecting pipe 13 and the lower part of the second variable diameter connecting pipe 14 are respectively provided with a first chamber switching mechanism 9 and a second chamber switching mechanism 10.

[0046] The upper flap swing mechanism 8 includes an upper flap assembly 81, a first hinge seat 82, a first electromagnet 83, and a second electromagnet 84. The first hinge seat 82 is fixed to the top of the vertical partition 153. The upper flap assembly 81 includes an upper flap 811 made of a non-magnetic metal material such as stainless steel and two pure iron pads 812. The lower end of the upper flap 811 is hinged to the first hinge seat 82. The first electromagnet 83 is fixed inside the lower end port of the output pipe 17, and the second electromagnet 84 is fixed inside the upper end of the upper reducing connecting pipe 16. The first electromagnet 83 and the second electromagnet 84 are arranged diagonally opposite each other. One pad 812 is fixed to the upper right side of the upper flap 811, corresponding to the position of the first electromagnet 83, and the other pad 812 is fixed to the upper left end port of the upper flap 811, corresponding to the position of the second electromagnet 84.

[0047] The first chamber switching mechanism 9 includes a first lower flap assembly 91, a second hinge seat 92, a third electromagnet 93, and a fourth electromagnet 94. The second chamber switching mechanism 10 includes a second lower flap assembly 101, a third hinge seat 102, a fifth electromagnet 103, and a sixth electromagnet 104. The first lower flap assembly 91 and the second lower flap assembly 101 each include a first lower flap 911 and a second lower flap 1011 made of non-magnetic metal, and two pads 812 made of pure iron. The second hinge seat 92 is fixed inside the lower left side of the first reducing diameter connecting pipe 13. The third electromagnet 93 is fixed inside the upper left side of the first reducing diameter connecting pipe 13. The fourth electromagnet 94 is fixed inside the lower right side of the first reducing diameter connecting pipe 13, and the third electromagnet 93 and the fourth electromagnet 94 are arranged diagonally opposite each other. The left end of the first lower flap 911 is hinged to the second hinge seat 92, and the pads 812 are fixed on both sides of the right end of the first lower flap 911. The third hinge seat 102 is fixed inside the lower right side of the second reducing diameter connecting pipe 14, the fifth electromagnet 103 is fixed inside the upper right side of the second reducing diameter connecting pipe 14, and the sixth electromagnet 104 is fixed inside the lower left side of the second reducing diameter connecting pipe 14. The fifth electromagnet 103 and the sixth electromagnet 104 are arranged diagonally above and below each other. The right end of the second lower flap 1011 is hinged to the third hinge seat 102, and the pads 812 are fixed on both sides of the left end of the second lower flap 1011.

[0048] The differential pressure sensor 20 is connected to the input pipe 11 and the output pipe 17 respectively via connecting pipe 201. The PLC controller 7 is connected to the inlet NO connected to the input pipe 11 via signal line 71. X Sensor 30, connected in parallel to outlet NO of output tube 17 X Sensor 40, differential pressure sensor 20, and each two-way solenoid valve 53, as well as the upper flap swing mechanism 8, the first chamber on / off mechanism 9, and the second chamber on / off mechanism 10, are connected to their respective electromagnets.

[0049] Compressed air cylinder 4 filling pressure range: 0.6~0.8Mpa; differential pressure sensor 20 differential pressure range: 0-6kpa, operating current: 4-20mA; inlet NO X Sensor 30 and Export NO X The measurement range of sensor 40 is 0-2000ppm.

[0050] A control method for a multi-mode marine diesel engine exhaust aftertreatment integrated device includes the following three different steps in three operating modes:

[0051] A. Catalyst reaction module 2 operating mode:

[0052] A1) As Figure 5 As shown, when the ship is sailing to a nitrogen oxide emission control area or an area that needs to meet Tier III emission standards, the PLC controller 7 commands the first electromagnet 83 to be energized and the second electromagnet 84 to be de-energized. Under the electromagnetic field of the first electromagnet 83, the first flap 811 rotates clockwise around the hinge center of the first hinge seat 82 until the first electromagnet 83 attracts the pad 812 on the right side of the first flap 811, thereby sealing the upper end of the second chamber 152.

[0053] A2) such as Figure 5 As shown, the PLC controller 7 commands the third electromagnet 93 of the first chamber switching mechanism 9 to be energized and the fourth electromagnet 94 to be de-energized. Under the electromagnetic field of the third electromagnet 93, the first lower flap 911 rotates counterclockwise around the hinge center of the second hinge seat until the pad 812 on the left side of the first lower flap 911 is attracted by the third electromagnet 93, and the first lower flap 911 flips up to a vertical state, and the first chamber 13 is in the open state. At the same time, the fifth electromagnet 103 of the second chamber switching mechanism 10 is energized and the sixth electromagnet 104 is de-energized, and the pad 812 on the right side of the second lower flap 101 is attracted by the sixth electromagnet 104, and the second lower flap 1011 remains in the horizontal closed state.

[0054] A3) such as Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the PLC controller 7 commands to open the two-way solenoid valves connected to the right end of each first horizontal purge pipe 511. The compressed air of 0.6 to 0.8 MPa output from the left end of the compressed air bottle 4 enters each first horizontal purge pipe 511 through the air inlet pipe 6 and purges the catalyst reaction module 2 on it through multiple upward first purge holes 5141.

[0055] The exhaust gas from marine diesel engines, such as Figure 5As shown by the middle arrow, the gas enters the first chamber 151 of the reaction chamber 15 through the input pipe 11, the V-shaped pulse booster pipe 12 and the first variable diameter connecting pipe 13 in sequence. It passes through the three-layer catalyst reaction module 2 from bottom to top, and is purified after fully reacting with the catalyst. Then, the purified exhaust gas is discharged through the upper variable diameter connecting pipe 16, the output pipe 17 and the flue.

[0056] B. Working mode of particle capture reaction module 3:

[0057] B1) When a vessel operates in low-speed, idling areas such as ports and docks, to avoid the emission of black smoke, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the second electromagnet 84 is energized and the first electromagnet 83 is de-energized by the command of the PLC controller 7. Under the action of the electromagnetic field of the second electromagnet 84, the first flap 811 rotates counterclockwise around the hinge center of the first hinge seat 82 until the second electromagnet 84 attracts the pad 812 on the right side of the first flap 811, thereby sealing the upper end of the first chamber 151.

[0058] B2) PLC controller 7 instructs the fifth electromagnet 103 of the second chamber switching mechanism 10 to be energized and the sixth electromagnet 104 to be de-energized. Under the electromagnetic field of the fifth electromagnet 103, the second lower flap 1011 rotates clockwise around the hinge center of the third hinge seat 102 until the pad 812 on the right side of the second lower flap 1011 is attracted by the fifth electromagnet 103, and the second lower flap 1011 flips up to a vertical state, and the second chamber 152 is in the open state. At the same time, the fourth electromagnet 94 of the first chamber switching mechanism 9 is energized and the third electromagnet 93 is de-energized. Under the electromagnetic field of the fourth electromagnet 94, the pad 812 on one side of the first lower flap 911 is attracted by the fourth electromagnet 94, and the first lower flap 911 remains in the horizontal closed state.

[0059] B3) PLC controller 7 instruction enabled as follows Figure 3 The two-way solenoid valves 53 connected to the right end of each of the second horizontal purge pipes 52 shown in the figure allow compressed air of 0.6 to 0.8 MPa output from the left end of the compressed air bottle 4 to enter each of the second horizontal purge pipes 521 through the air inlet pipe 6. The second horizontal purge pipes 521 on the upper and lower sides of the particle capture reaction module 3 purge the particle capture reaction module 3.

[0060] like Figure 3 As shown, when the diesel engine exhaust flows through the particulate capture module, the exhaust gas flows through the vertical channel D in the direction indicated by the arrow. It is blocked by the upper plate 33 and changes direction. Then, it passes through the vent 311 and enters the vertical channel in sequence. It is blocked by the lower plate 34 and changes direction again. It flows out upward from the vertical channels E, F, G, etc. This back and forth extends the flow path of the exhaust gas, so that the exhaust gas can fully contact the longitudinal adsorption plate 31 and the transverse adsorption plate 32, and effectively absorb particulate matter such as soot in the exhaust gas.

[0061] C. NO with in-band bypass X Exhaust gas aftertreatment mode:

[0062] For most navigation areas, only Tier II emission requirements need to be met, and the marine diesel engine maintains a stable speed, resulting in stable carbon emissions in the exhaust gas, eliminating the need for aftertreatment adsorption. In this case, opening the door panel 154 on the outside of the second chamber 152 and removing the particulate capture reaction module 3, while keeping the second chamber 152 unobstructed, transforms the marine diesel engine exhaust aftertreatment integrated device into a NOx-free type with internal bypass. X Exhaust gas aftertreatment device. When the inlet NO... X When sensor 30 detects that the exhaust gas from the marine diesel engine meets Tier II emission requirements, the PLC controller 7 instructs to repeat steps B1) and B2), causing the reaction chamber 15 to be in the state where the first chamber 151 is closed and the second chamber 152 is open. The exhaust gas emitted by the marine diesel engine passes through the second chamber 152, the upper reducer connecting pipe 16, and the output pipe 17 in sequence and is directly discharged. When the inlet NO X When sensor 30 detects that the exhaust gas from the marine diesel engine exceeds the Tier II requirement, it returns to the catalyst reaction module operating mode of mode A, that is, it operates in the mode where the first chamber 151 is open and the second chamber 152 is closed.

[0063] Furthermore, in step A3) of mode A, when the differential pressure sensor 20 detects that the inlet and outlet pressure difference between the input pipe 11 and the output pipe 17 is 1kPa-2kPa, the PLC controller 7 instructs the two-way solenoid valve 53 connected to each first horizontal purge pipe 511 to open once every 8-10 minutes to purge the catalyst reaction module 2, with each purge lasting 3-5 seconds; when the differential pressure sensor 20 detects that the inlet and outlet pressure difference between the input pipe 11 and the output pipe 17 is 2kPa-3kPa, the PLC controller 7 instructs the two-way solenoid valve 53 connected to each first horizontal purge pipe 511 to open once every 3-5 minutes to purge the catalyst reaction module 2, with each purge lasting 5-8 seconds.

[0064] In step B3) of mode B, when the differential pressure sensor 20 detects that the inlet and outlet pressure difference between the input pipe and the output pipe is 1kPa-2kPa, the PLC controller 7 instructs the two-way solenoid valve 53 connected to each second horizontal purge pipe 521 to open the purge particle capture reaction module 3 once every 8-10 minutes, with each time lasting 3-5 seconds; when the differential pressure sensor 20 detects that the inlet and outlet pressure difference between the input pipe 11 and the output pipe 17 is 2kPa-3kPa, the PLC controller 7 instructs the two-way solenoid valve 53 connected to each second horizontal purge pipe 521 to open the purge particle capture reaction module 3 once every 3-5 minutes, with each time lasting 5-8 seconds.

[0065] In step A3) of mode A or step B3) of mode B, when the differential pressure sensor 20 detects that the inlet and outlet pressure difference between the input pipe 11 and the output pipe 17 is greater than 3 kPa, the marine diesel engine exhaust aftertreatment integrated device is shut down, the door panel 154 is opened to check the catalyst reaction module 2 and the particulate capture reaction module 3, and they are replaced if necessary.

[0066] In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may have other implementation methods. All technical solutions formed by equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-mode marine diesel engine exhaust aftertreatment integrated device, characterized in that, The system includes a dual-channel housing, a multi-layer catalyst reaction module, a particle capture reaction module, a compressed air cylinder, a purge pipe assembly, an inlet pipe, and a PLC controller. The upright dual-channel housing includes an input pipe, a V-shaped pulse booster pipe, a first variable-diameter connecting pipe, a second variable-diameter connecting pipe, a reaction chamber, an upper variable-diameter connecting pipe, and an output pipe. The cuboid-shaped reaction chamber is divided into a first chamber and a second chamber by a vertical partition. Door panels are installed on the outer sides of both the first and second chambers. The upper end of the input pipe connects to the V-shaped pulse booster pipe... The lower end of the pressure pipe is welded, and the two branch pipes at the upper end of the V-shaped pulse booster pipe are welded to the lower ends of the first and second chambers in the reaction chamber via a first and a second reducing connecting pipe, respectively. The upper end of the reaction chamber is welded to the output pipe via an upper reducing connecting pipe. The compressed air cylinder is horizontally placed on the lower outer side of the reaction chamber via several parallel support bases. One end of the compressed air cylinder is connected to the inlet pipe, and the upper side of the compressed air cylinder is welded to the lower end of the inlet pipe plate vertically set outside the reaction chamber. One end of the purge pipe assembly in the reaction chamber is respectively... After extending from the first and second chambers, it is vertically connected to the intake pipe via a two-way solenoid valve; the catalyst reaction module is supported vertically on the support rails in the first chamber, and the particle capture reaction module is supported on the support rails in the second chamber; the purge pipe assembly includes several layers of catalyst reaction module tubes in the first chamber and two layers of particle capture reaction module tubes in the second chamber. The several layers of catalyst reaction module tubes are arranged horizontally across the upper part of the first chamber, and the particle capture reaction module tubes are arranged horizontally across the upper part of the second chamber. The several layers of catalyst reaction modules are located between the catalyst reaction module tubes, and the particle capture reaction module is located between the particle capture reaction module tubes; the lower end of the upper variable diameter connecting pipe is equipped with an upper flap swing mechanism, and the lower parts of the first and second variable diameter connecting pipes are respectively equipped with a first chamber on / off mechanism and a second chamber on / off mechanism; the two ends of the differential pressure sensor are connected to the input pipe and the output pipe respectively through connecting pipes, and the PLC controller is connected to the inlet NO connected to the input pipe via signal lines. X Sensor, bypassing the outlet NO of the output tube X The sensor, differential pressure sensor, two-way solenoid valves, control terminal of upper flap swing mechanism, control terminal of first chamber on / off mechanism and control terminal of second chamber on / off mechanism are connected. The intake pipe includes an upper horizontal pipe and several parallel vertical pipes. The upper ends of the vertical pipes are welded to the upper horizontal pipes, and the gas delivery pipe is welded vertically to the vertical pipes on the outside of the intake pipe. Each catalyst reaction module includes several first horizontal purge pipes arranged at horizontal intervals. Each particle capture reaction module includes two second horizontal purge pipes arranged in parallel. One end of the first horizontal purge pipe and one end of the second horizontal purge pipe are both closed. The other ends of the first horizontal purge pipe and the other ends of the second horizontal purge pipe extend out of one side of the reaction chamber and are then welded to one end of a U-shaped bend through corresponding two-way solenoid valves. The other end of the U-shaped bend is welded to the corresponding vertical pipe. Multiple rows of first purge holes are spaced apart on the longitudinal upper side of the circumferential surface of the first horizontal purge pipe. Each row of first purge holes includes multiple first purge holes evenly distributed along the upper semicircle of the cross-section of the first horizontal purge pipe. Multiple groups of second purge hole areas are spaced apart on the longitudinal upper side of the circumferential surface of the second horizontal purge pipe. Each group of second purge hole areas includes multiple rows of second purge holes evenly distributed along the upper semicircle of the cross-section of the second horizontal purge pipe. The first purge holes of the first horizontal purge pipe are all facing upwards, and the second purge holes of the upper and lower layers of the second horizontal purge pipes are arranged opposite each other. The spacing L1 between the first purge hole groups is smaller than the spacing L between the second purge hole groups. The particle capture reaction module is a molded structure made of ceramic or metal. The molded structure includes several longitudinal adsorption plates and several transverse adsorption plates that are cross-shaped into a grid. The upper plate and the lower plate are fixed at the upper and lower ends of the grid, and the upper plate and the lower plate are staggered and not aligned with each other. Multiple air vents are evenly distributed on the longitudinal adsorption plates and the transverse adsorption plates. The upper flap swing mechanism includes an upper flap assembly, a first hinge seat, a first electromagnet, and a second electromagnet. The first hinge seat is fixed to the top of the vertical partition. The upper flap assembly includes an upper flap made of non-magnetic metal and two pure iron blocks. The lower end of the upper flap is hinged to the first hinge seat. The first electromagnet is fixed inside the lower end port of the output tube, and the second electromagnet is fixed inside the upper end of the upper reducing connecting tube. The first and second electromagnets are arranged diagonally opposite each other. One block is fixed to the upper part of one side of the upper flap and corresponds to the position of the first electromagnet. The other block is fixed to the upper end port of the other side of the upper flap and corresponds to the position of the second electromagnet. The first chamber switching mechanism includes a first lower flap assembly, a second hinge seat, a third electromagnet, and a fourth electromagnet. The second chamber switching mechanism includes a second lower flap assembly, a third hinge seat, a fifth electromagnet, and a sixth electromagnet. The first and second lower flap assemblies each include a corresponding non-magnetic metal first lower flap, a second lower flap, and several pure iron pads. The second hinge seat is fixed inside the lower side of the first variable diameter connecting pipe, the third electromagnet is fixed inside the upper side of the first variable diameter connecting pipe, and the fourth electromagnet is fixed inside the first variable diameter connecting pipe. The second variable diameter connecting pipe is installed on the other side of the lower part, and the third and fourth electromagnets are arranged diagonally. One end of the first lower flap is hinged to the second hinge seat, and the pads are fixed on both sides of the other end of the first lower flap. The third hinge seat is fixed inside the lower part of the second variable diameter connecting pipe, the fifth electromagnet is fixed inside the upper part of the second variable diameter connecting pipe, and the sixth electromagnet is fixed inside the lower part of the second variable diameter connecting pipe, and the fifth and sixth electromagnets are arranged diagonally. One end of the second lower flap is hinged to the third hinge seat, and the pads are fixed on both sides of the other end of the second lower flap.

2. The integrated aftertreatment device for marine diesel engine exhaust gas operating in multiple modes as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The compressed air cylinder has an inflation pressure range of 0.6–0.8 MPa; the differential pressure sensor has a differential pressure range of 0–6 kPa and an operating current of 4–20 mA; the inlet NO... X Sensors and Export NO X The measurement range of the sensors is 0 to 2000 ppm.

3. A control method for a multi-mode marine diesel engine exhaust aftertreatment integrated device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, This includes the following three different steps in each working mode: A. Catalyst Reaction Module Operating Mode A1) When the ship is sailing to a nitrogen oxide emission control area or an area that needs to meet Tier III emission standards, the PLC controller commands the first electromagnet to be energized and the second electromagnet to be de-energized. Under the electromagnetic field of the first electromagnet, the first lower flap rotates clockwise around the hinge center of the first hinge seat until the first electromagnet attracts the pad on one side of the first lower flap, thereby sealing the upper end of the second chamber. A2) The PLC controller commands the third electromagnet of the first chamber switching mechanism to be energized and the fourth electromagnet to be de-energized. Under the electromagnetic field of the third electromagnet, the first lower flap rotates counterclockwise around the hinge center of the second hinge seat until the pad on one side of the first lower flap is attracted by the third electromagnet, and the first lower flap flips up to a vertical state, and the first chamber is in the open state; at the same time, the fifth electromagnet of the second chamber switching mechanism is energized and the sixth electromagnet is de-energized, and the pad on one side of the second lower flap is attracted by the sixth electromagnet, and the second lower flap remains in the horizontal closed state; A3) The PLC controller commands to open the two-way solenoid valves connected to the other end of each first horizontal purge pipe. The compressed air of 0.6 to 0.8 MPa output from the other end of the compressed air bottle enters each first horizontal purge pipe through the air inlet pipe and purges the catalyst reaction module on it through multiple upward first purge holes. The exhaust gas from the marine diesel engine enters the first chamber of the reaction chamber through the input pipe, V-type pulse booster pipe and first variable diameter connecting pipe in sequence. It passes through several layers of catalyst reaction modules from bottom to top, and is purified after fully reacting with the catalyst. The purified exhaust gas is then discharged through the upper variable diameter connecting pipe, output pipe and flue. B. Working mode of particle capture reaction module B1) When the ship is running in the low speed or idling area of ​​the port or dock, in order to avoid the ship emitting black smoke, the PLC controller commands the second electromagnet to be energized and the first electromagnet to be de-energized. Under the action of the electromagnetic field of the second electromagnet, the first lower flap rotates counterclockwise around the hinge center of the first hinge seat until the second electromagnet attracts the pad on the other side of the first lower flap, thereby sealing the upper end of the first chamber. B2) The PLC controller commands the fifth electromagnet of the second chamber switching mechanism to be energized and the sixth electromagnet to be de-energized. Under the electromagnetic field of the fifth electromagnet, the second lower flap rotates clockwise around the hinge center of the third hinge seat until the pad on one side of the second lower flap is attracted by the fifth electromagnet, and the second lower flap flips up to a vertical state, and the second chamber is in the open state; at the same time, the fourth electromagnet of the first chamber switching mechanism is energized and the third electromagnet is de-energized. Under the electromagnetic field of the fourth electromagnet, the pad on one side of the first lower flap is attracted by the fourth electromagnet, and the first lower flap remains in the horizontal closed state; B3) The PLC controller commands to open the two-way solenoid valves connected to the other end of each second horizontal purge pipe. The compressed air of 0.6 to 0.8 MPa output from the other end of the compressed air bottle enters each second horizontal purge pipe through the air inlet pipe and purges the particle capture reaction module through the second horizontal purge pipes on the upper and lower sides of the particle capture reaction module. When the diesel engine exhaust flows through the particulate capture module, the exhaust flow passes through a vertical channel, is blocked by the upper plate and changes direction, and then passes through the vent hole and enters the adjacent vertical channel in sequence, where it is blocked by the lower plate. The diesel engine exhaust changes direction again, and so on, extending the flow path of the exhaust gas. This allows the exhaust gas to fully contact the longitudinal and lateral adsorption plates, and effectively absorb particulate matter such as soot in the exhaust gas. C. NO with in-band bypass X Exhaust gas aftertreatment mode For most navigation areas, only Tier II emission requirements need to be met, and the marine diesel engine maintains a stable speed, resulting in stable carbon emissions in the exhaust gas, eliminating the need for aftertreatment adsorption. In this case, opening the outer door of the second chamber and removing the particulate capture reaction module, while keeping the second chamber unobstructed, transforms the marine diesel engine exhaust aftertreatment integrated device into a NOx-free type with internal bypass. X Exhaust gas aftertreatment device; when the inlet NO X When the sensor detects that the marine diesel engine exhaust meets Tier II emission requirements, the PLC controller instructs to repeat steps B1) and B2), causing the reaction chamber to be in the state of first chamber closed and second chamber open. The exhaust gas emitted by the marine diesel engine passes through the second chamber, the upper reducer connecting pipe, and the output pipe in sequence and is directly discharged; when the inlet NO X When the sensor detects that the exhaust gas from the marine diesel engine exceeds the Tier II requirements, it returns to the catalyst reaction module operating mode of mode A, that is, it operates in the mode of opening the first chamber and closing the second chamber.

4. The control method for the multi-mode operation marine diesel engine exhaust aftertreatment integrated device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, In step A3) of mode A, when the differential pressure sensor detects that the inlet and outlet pressure difference between the input pipe and the output pipe is 0-1.5 kPa, the PLC controller instructs the two-way solenoid valves connected to each first horizontal purge pipe to open the catalyst reaction module once every 50-60 minutes, with each purge lasting 2-3 seconds; when the differential pressure sensor detects that the inlet and outlet pressure difference between the input pipe and the output pipe is 1.5 kPa-2.5 kPa, the PLC controller instructs the two-way solenoid valves connected to each first horizontal purge pipe to open the catalyst reaction module once every 20-30 minutes, with each purge lasting 5-6 seconds. In step B3) of mode B, when the differential pressure sensor detects that the inlet and outlet pressure difference between the input and output pipes is 0 kPa-1.5 kPa, the PLC controller instructs the two-way solenoid valves connected to each second horizontal purge pipe to open the purge particle capture reaction module once every 50-60 minutes, with each purge lasting 2-3 seconds; when the differential pressure sensor detects that the inlet and outlet pressure difference between the input and output pipes is 1.5 kPa-2.5 kPa, the PLC controller instructs the two-way solenoid valves connected to each second horizontal purge pipe to open the purge particle capture reaction module once every 20-30 minutes, with each purge lasting 5-6 seconds. In step A3) of mode A or step B3) of mode B, when the differential pressure sensor detects that the inlet and outlet pressure difference between the input pipe and the output pipe is greater than 2.5 kPa, the marine diesel engine exhaust aftertreatment integrated device is shut down, the door panel is opened to check the blockage of the catalyst reaction module and the particulate capture reaction module, and replacement is carried out in a timely manner.

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