A precision variable-rate material dispensing drone based on a normal distribution model

Abstract

This invention discloses a precision variable-rate material spreading drone based on a normal distribution model, comprising a drone and a spreading device. The spreading device includes a material box and a spreading mechanism. The spreading mechanism includes a normal distribution adjustment module and a material conveying module. The normal distribution adjustment module includes a shell, a conical inner cavity, and multiple sets of normal distribution adjustment mechanisms. Each set of normal distribution adjustment mechanisms includes a sliding block, an adjusting rod disposed between two sliding blocks, and a driving component disposed on one of the sliding blocks. The number of adjusting rods in each set of normal distribution adjustment mechanisms gradually increases from top to bottom. The material conveying module includes multiple discharge pipes disposed at the lower end of the shell and a blowing mechanism. This precision variable-rate material spreading drone can not only achieve unmanned, intelligent, and efficient spreading operations, but also adjust the amount of material falling into each discharge pipe, thereby achieving precision variable-rate spreading and providing greater flexibility in spreading.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural drone technology, specifically to a drone for precise variable seeding of materials based on a normal distribution model. Background Technology

[0002] Despite the underutilization of land area, large areas of hilly terrain remain undeveloped. In southern regions, vast tracts of land, including marshes and shallows, remain unused, and conventional machinery cannot effectively penetrate these areas. Currently, the main methods of sowing and fertilizing are manual and mechanical broadcasting. Manual broadcasting suffers from low efficiency, high labor costs, low economic returns, and poor uniformity. Mechanical broadcasting methods include handheld and mobile broadcasting. Handheld broadcasting offers very limited improvement in efficiency; mobile broadcasting faces challenges in hilly areas, marshes, and shallows, including difficulty in accessing the fields, slow movement speed, and the risk of damaging the farmland and the machinery itself.

[0003] Drones, with their fully automated, autonomous, and intelligent capabilities, can significantly reduce manual labor and improve economic efficiency. Therefore, to address the numerous problems associated with manual and mechanical sowing, people have begun using drones for seeding and fertilization. Existing sowing drones, such as the utility model patent with authorization announcement number CN208993929U, disclose a material sowing device and drone, including a material picker, a receiving device, a feeder, and a controller; the material picker includes a housing and a picking wheel, the receiving device includes multiple receiving pipes, and the feeder includes multiple feed pipes, with each receiving pipe and feed pipe connected in a one-to-one correspondence to form multiple independent receiving and feeding channels; during sowing, the picking wheel rotates, conveying material to each receiving pipe, and then the material is discharged through the feeding channels, thus achieving sowing. However, the above device still has the following shortcomings:

[0004] During the spreading process, the material falls evenly into each receiving pipe of the above device, which cannot adjust the amount of material falling into each receiving pipe, resulting in low spreading flexibility and the inability to achieve precise variable spreading. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned problems and provide a material precision variable spreading drone based on a normal distribution model. This material precision variable spreading drone can not only achieve unmanned, intelligent and efficient spreading operations, but also adjust the amount of material falling into each discharge pipe, thereby achieving precise variable spreading and making spreading more flexible.

[0006] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] A precision variable-rate material spreading drone based on a normal distribution model includes a drone and a spreading device; the spreading device is mounted on the drone; the spreading device includes a material box and a spreading mechanism; the spreading mechanism includes a normal distribution adjustment module and a material conveying module disposed below the normal distribution adjustment module; wherein,

[0008] The normal distribution adjustment module includes a housing, a conical inner cavity disposed on the housing, and multiple sets of normal distribution adjustment mechanisms disposed on the conical inner cavity. The multiple sets of normal distribution adjustment mechanisms are evenly arranged along the vertical direction. Each set of normal distribution adjustment mechanisms includes a sliding block horizontally slidably disposed at the front and rear ends of the housing, an adjustment rod disposed between two sliding blocks, and a driving component disposed on one of the sliding blocks. One end of the adjustment rod is connected to one of the sliding blocks, and the other end passes through the conical inner cavity and is connected to another sliding block. The number of adjustment rods on each set of normal distribution adjustment mechanisms is different, and the number of adjustment rods in each set of normal distribution adjustment mechanisms gradually increases from top to bottom. The upper end of the housing is provided with a feed inlet, the upper end of which is connected to the discharge port of the material box, and the lower end of which is connected to the conical inner cavity.

[0009] The material conveying module includes multiple discharge pipes disposed at the lower end of the housing and a blowing mechanism for blowing the material in each discharge pipe. The upper end of the discharge pipe is connected to the lower end of the conical inner cavity.

[0010] The working principle of the above-mentioned material precision variable dispersal drone based on the normal distribution model is as follows:

[0011] The drone is equipped with an onboard power supply. During operation, the onboard power supply powers the drone's rotors and blowing mechanism. After receiving instructions, the drone flies to the designated work area. Based on the different material quantities (fertilizer, solid granules, or seed granules) required at different locations in the work area, the normal distribution adjustment module adjusts the different discharge quantities of each discharge pipe. The blowing mechanism blows air into the discharge pipes, and the material falls more rapidly under the action of the wind, resulting in more precise landing in the designated rows. This reduces material deviation and dispersion, and allows for better targeting of different areas with different material requirements, thus reducing harm caused by pesticides and minimizing cost waste. The specific process is as follows: After the drone flies to the designated area, the drone control command is transmitted to the feeder in the material box, controlling the feeder's rotation speed to adjust the amount of material falling onto the conical inner cavity. The falling material enters through the feed inlet on the shell. During the falling process, the trajectory of the material is changed by the adjusting rod, resulting in different amounts of material falling onto each discharge pipe after passing through the lowest set of normal distribution adjustment mechanisms. The control system controls the movement of the drive component, which drives the sliding block to move on the shell, thereby changing the position of the adjusting rod of each set of normal distribution adjustment mechanisms at different positions. Alternatively, the drive component can be manually moved before the drone takes off. The position of the adjusting rod in each group of normal distribution adjustment mechanisms is changed; the different positions of the adjusting rods in the conical inner cavity affect the amount of material that finally reaches each discharge pipe; the blowing mechanism starts operating when the drone takes off, and the generated wind blows into the discharge pipe. When the material reaches the discharge pipe, it is further accelerated by the wind and flies out of the discharge pipe, heading towards the designated row of seeding, thus achieving precise variable row seeding; after the designated work area is completed, the drone returns to the starting point under the command of the flight control system. The drone returns to the starting point, then replenishes the material and replaces the onboard power supply. After the replacement is completed, it continues to work in the corresponding area, repeating the above work until the entire work area is seeded.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the blowing mechanism includes a housing disposed at the lower end of the housing, a fan disposed inside the housing, and a plurality of blowing channels disposed between the housing and the discharge pipe; wherein each blowing channel corresponds to a discharge pipe; one end of each blowing channel communicates with the interior of the housing, and the other end communicates with the discharge pipe. By configuring the above structure, during sowing, the fan operates, generating a high-speed airflow within the housing, which is then conveyed through the blowing channels into the discharge pipe. The airflow agitates the material in the discharge pipe and blows it downwards, causing the material to be further accelerated by the airflow and ejected from the discharge pipe, heading towards the designated row of sowing, thus achieving precise variable-row sowing.

[0013] Preferably, each of the blowing channels includes a main channel and multiple branch channels. One end of the main channel is connected to the interior of the casing, and the other end of the main channel is connected to one end of each of the multiple branch channels; the other ends of each of the multiple branch channels are connected to the discharge pipe. In the above structure, by setting multiple branch channels, it is convenient to fully agitate the material in the discharge pipe and accelerate its blowing, thereby improving the uniformity of spreading.

[0014] Preferably, the branch channel is inclined downwards. This structure causes the airflow exiting the branch channel to generate a downward acceleration. When the airflow enters the discharge pipe, it blows the material reaching the discharge pipe downwards. Accelerated by the wind, the material flies out of the discharge pipe and proceeds towards the designated row of seeding, reducing the influence of the drone rotor wind field and external airflow, thus achieving more precise row seeding.

[0015] Preferably, the lower end of the housing is provided with a fixing sleeve, and the fixing sleeve houses a gathering assembly. The gathering assembly has multiple gathering grooves and a connecting hole at the lower end of each gathering groove for connecting to the discharge pipe. The number of gathering grooves is the same as the number of discharge pipes. The upper end of each gathering groove communicates with the lower end of the conical inner cavity. The lower end of each gathering groove communicates with the upper end of the connecting hole, and the lower end of the connecting hole communicates with the upper end of the discharge pipe. By setting the above structure, the gathering assembly can, on the one hand, install the discharge pipe, facilitating its fixation; on the other hand, the gathering grooves on the gathering assembly can better guide the material in the conical inner cavity to fall into the gathering groove, then into the connecting hole, and finally discharged into the discharge pipe.

[0016] Furthermore, the inner diameter of the gathering groove gradually decreases along the vertical downward direction, which is intended to better guide and gather the material.

[0017] Preferably, the housing is mounted on the side of the fixing sleeve, and an air guide is provided at the lower end of the housing. The air guide extends to the lower end of the gathering assembly, the discharge pipe passes through the air guide, and the blowing channel is disposed on the air guide. By setting the above structure, the structure becomes more compact, the blowing distance is shortened, and the blowing effect is improved. In addition, the air guide also serves to fix the discharge pipe.

[0018] Preferably, the normal distribution adjustment mechanism further includes a sliding mounting component, through which the sliding block is mounted on the housing. The sliding mounting component has a sliding groove extending horizontally, and the sliding groove is slidably engaged with the sliding block. This structure facilitates the installation of the sliding block, and the sliding groove provides a stable guiding effect for the sliding block.

[0019] Preferably, the sliding mounting component includes a first mounting plate and a second mounting plate disposed on the first mounting plate; both the first and second mounting plates are provided with sliding grooves, and the two sliding grooves are connected to form the aforementioned sliding groove; both the front and rear ends of the housing are provided with cover plates for fixing the sliding mounting component. In the above structure, by providing the first and second mounting plates, it is convenient to install the sliding block on the sliding groove, and it is also convenient to disassemble the sliding block. By providing the two cover plates, the sliding mounting component can be limited in the front-rear direction, preventing the sliding mounting component from moving, thereby facilitating the installation and fixing of all sliding mounting components.

[0020] Preferably, the sliding block has three adjustment positions on the sliding groove: a left position, a middle position, and a right position. When the sliding block moves to the leftmost end of the groove, it is in the left position; when it moves to the middle of the groove, it is in the middle position; and when it moves to the rightmost end of the groove, it is in the right position. By setting these three positions, the position of the adjusting rod within the conical cavity is affected, thus changing the probability of material falling and resulting in different amounts falling into each discharge pipe, leading to different normal distribution models.

[0021] Preferably, the sliding block has a mounting hole for mounting the adjusting rod; one end of the driving component has a sliding knob, and the other end has a fixed end; the fixed end is connected to the mounting hole; the cover plate has a clearance groove for avoiding the sliding knob. With the above structure, by providing the mounting hole, the adjusting rod can be mounted on both the front and rear sliding blocks, and the driving component can be mounted on the sliding blocks; by providing the sliding knob, the position of the sliding block can be easily adjusted manually, thereby changing the position of the adjusting rod; by providing the clearance groove, the adjustment of the sliding knob is facilitated. Simultaneously, the cover plate limits the driving component, preventing it from moving in the front-rear direction, thus fixing the driving component. By providing two cover plates, the limiting and fixing of the sliding mounting component, adjusting rod, and driving component can be achieved without the need for screws.

[0022] Furthermore, the number of discharge pipes is 4 to 8, the purpose of which is to achieve precise row seeding and control the seeding amount of each row.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0024] 1. The material precision variable spreading drone based on the normal distribution model in this invention is equipped with multiple sets of normal distribution adjustment mechanisms. In each set of normal distribution adjustment mechanisms, the position of the sliding block is adjusted by the driving component, thereby changing the position of the adjustment rod. During the material falling process, the falling probability of the material is changed under the influence of the adjustment rod, thereby changing the falling trajectory, so that the amount of material falling into each discharge pipe is different, thus achieving precise variable spreading and higher spreading flexibility.

[0025] 2. The material precision variable spreading drone based on the normal distribution model in this invention, by setting up multiple discharge pipes, can achieve precise row spreading and control the different spreading amounts of each row by adjusting the different discharge amounts of each discharge pipe according to the material quantity (fertilizer, solid granules, or seed granules) required at different locations in the work area through the normal distribution adjustment module.

[0026] 3. The material precision variable spreading drone based on the normal distribution model in this invention blows air into the discharge pipe through a blowing mechanism. Under the action of the wind, the material falls faster and more accurately into the designated rows, reducing the deviation and dispersion of the material falling. It can better target the different amounts of material needed in different areas, reduce the harm caused by pesticides, and reduce cost waste.

[0027] 4. The material precision variable spreading drone based on the normal distribution model in this invention has a spreading device mounted on the drone, which can realize unmanned, intelligent and efficient spreading operations. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of one specific embodiment of a material precision variable dispersing drone based on a normal distribution model according to the present invention.

[0029] Figures 2-5 This is a schematic diagram of the spreading mechanism in the present invention, wherein, Figures 2-3 These are 3D images from different perspectives. Figure 4 Right view Figure 5 Main view.

[0030] Figure 6 for Figure 4 A cross-sectional view along the AA direction.

[0031] Figure 7 for Figure 5 A cross-sectional view along the BB direction.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the normal distribution adjustment module in this invention.

[0033] Figure 9This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the normal distribution adjustment module in this invention after the cover plate is removed.

[0034] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the shell in this invention.

[0035] Figures 11-12 These are perspective views of one of the normal distribution adjustment mechanisms in this invention from different viewpoints.

[0036] Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the connection between some sliding mounting parts and sliding blocks in this invention.

[0037] Figure 14 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the sliding block in this invention.

[0038] Figure 15 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the driving component in this invention.

[0039] Figure 16 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the material conveying module in this invention.

[0040] Figure 17 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the material conveying module in this invention, omitting the chassis and fixing sleeve.

[0041] Figure 18 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the material conveying module in this invention, omitting the chassis, fan, fixing sleeve, gathering component, and connecting component.

[0042] Figure 19 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the air guide component in this invention.

[0043] Figure 20 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the gathering member and the connecting member in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To enable those skilled in the art to fully understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] See Figures 1-5This embodiment discloses a material precision variable spreading drone based on a normal distribution model, including a drone 2 and a spreading device; the spreading device is mounted on the drone 2; the spreading device includes a material box 1 and a spreading mechanism 3; the spreading mechanism 3 includes a normal distribution adjustment module 19 and a material conveying module 5 disposed at the lower end of the normal distribution adjustment module 19. The drone 2 is an electric drone 2, and the spreading device is mounted on the drone 2, enabling unmanned, intelligent, and efficient spreading operations.

[0047] See Figures 1-15 The normal distribution adjustment module 19 includes a housing 6, a conical inner cavity 7 disposed on the housing 6, and multiple sets of normal distribution adjustment mechanisms 8 disposed on the conical inner cavity 7. The multiple sets of normal distribution adjustment mechanisms 8 are evenly arranged along the vertical direction. Each set of normal distribution adjustment mechanisms 8 includes a sliding block 8-1 horizontally slidably disposed at the front and rear ends of the housing 6, an adjusting rod 8-2 disposed between two sliding blocks 8-1, and a driving member 8-3 disposed on one of the sliding blocks 8-1. One end of the adjusting rod 8-2 is connected to one of the sliding blocks 8-1. One end is connected to the other end, which passes through the conical inner cavity 7 and is connected to another sliding block 8-1; wherein, the number of adjusting rods 8-2 on each group of normal distribution adjusting mechanisms 8 is different, and the number of adjusting rods 8-2 in each group of normal distribution adjusting mechanisms 8 gradually increases from top to bottom; the line connecting the outermost adjusting rods 8-2 in multiple groups of normal distribution adjusting mechanisms 8 forms a normal distribution, and the upper end of the housing 6 is provided with a feed inlet 6-1, the upper end of the feed inlet 6-1 is connected to the discharge port of the material box 1, and the lower end of the feed inlet 6-1 is connected to the upper end of the conical inner cavity 7.

[0048] See Figures 1-15 The number of normal distribution adjustment mechanisms 8 can be 4 to 8 groups. In this embodiment, there are six groups of normal distribution adjustment mechanisms 8. The group of normal distribution adjustment mechanisms 8 at the top has one adjustment rod 8-2. In the vertical downward direction, the number of adjustment rods 8-2 in each group of normal distribution adjustment mechanisms 8 gradually increases by one. That is, the second group of normal distribution adjustment mechanisms 8 has two adjustment rods 8-2, the third group of normal distribution adjustment mechanisms 8 has three adjustment rods 8-2, and so on. The group of normal distribution adjustment mechanisms 8 at the bottom has six adjustment rods 8-2.

[0049] See Figures 1-2 The normal distribution adjustment module 19 can be directly installed at the bottom of the material box 1. The material box 1 is equipped with a feeder, and the rotation speed of the feeder is controlled by the control system of the UAV 2.

[0050] See Figures 1-7The material conveying module 5 includes a plurality of discharge pipes 9 disposed at the lower end of the housing 6 and a blowing mechanism 10 for blowing the material in each discharge pipe 9. The upper end of the discharge pipe 9 is connected to the lower end of the conical inner cavity 7.

[0051] See Figures 1-7 The number of discharge pipes 9 is 4 to 8. In this embodiment, the number of discharge pipes 9 is 6. The purpose is to achieve precise row sowing and control the sowing amount of each row.

[0052] See Figures 1-7 and Figures 16-20 The blowing mechanism 10 includes a housing 10-1 located at the lower end of the housing 6, a fan 10-2 located inside the housing 10-1, and multiple air-blowing channels 10-3 located between the housing 10-1 and the discharge pipe 9. Each air-blowing channel 10-3 corresponds one-to-one with a discharge pipe 9. One end of each air-blowing channel 10-3 communicates with the interior of the housing 10-1, and the other end communicates with the discharge pipe 9. With this structure, during sowing, the fan 10-2 operates, generating a high-speed airflow within the housing 10-1. This airflow is then transported through the air-blowing channels 10-3 and enters the discharge pipe 9. The airflow agitates the material within the discharge pipe 9 and blows it downwards, causing the material to be further accelerated by the airflow and ejected from the discharge pipe 9, heading towards the designated row for sowing, thus achieving precise variable-row sowing.

[0053] See Figures 1-7 and Figure 19 Each of the blowing channels 10-3 includes a main channel 10-31 and multiple branch channels 10-32. One end of the main channel 10-31 is connected to the interior of the housing 10-1, and the other end of the main channel 10-31 is connected to one end of each of the multiple branch channels 10-32. The other ends of each of the multiple branch channels 10-32 are connected to the discharge pipe 9. In the above structure, by setting multiple branch channels 10-32, it is convenient to fully agitate and accelerate the blowing of the material in the discharge pipe 9, thereby improving the uniformity of spreading.

[0054] See Figures 1-7 and Figure 19 Each of the air blowing channels 10-3 has three branch channels 10-32.

[0055] See Figures 1-7 and Figure 19The branch channels 10-32 are inclined downwards. This structure causes the airflow exiting the branch channels 10-32 to have a downward acceleration. When the airflow enters the discharge pipe 9, it blows the material reaching the discharge pipe 9 downwards along it. Accelerated by the wind, the material flies out of the discharge pipe 9 and proceeds towards the designated row of seeding, reducing the influence of the rotor wind field of the UAV 2 and the external airflow, thus achieving more precise row seeding.

[0056] See Figures 1-7 and Figures 16-19 The number of fans 10-2 is two, and the two fans 10-2 are arranged symmetrically. The two fans 10-2 can make the airflow more uniform and improve the spreading effect. The casing 10-1 is also provided with an air inlet (not shown in the figure). When the fans 10-2 are working, the outside airflow enters through the air inlet, is accelerated by the fans 10-2, and then enters the blowing channel 10-3.

[0057] See Figures 1-7 and Figures 16-19 The bottom of the chassis 10-1 is provided with air outlets 10-11 at both ends, and all the main channels 10-31 are connected to the air outlets 10-11; or the bottom of the chassis 10-1 is a hollow structure, and all the main channels 10-31 are directly connected to the bottom of the chassis 10-1.

[0058] See Figures 1-7 and Figure 16 - Figure 20 The lower end of the housing 6 is provided with a fixing sleeve 11, and the fixing sleeve 11 houses a gathering assembly. The gathering assembly has multiple gathering grooves 12 and a connecting hole 13 located at the lower end of each gathering groove 12 for connecting to the discharge pipe 9. The number of gathering grooves 12 is the same as the number of discharge pipes 9. The upper end of each gathering groove 12 communicates with the lower end of the conical inner cavity 7. The lower end of each gathering groove 12 communicates with the upper end of the connecting hole 13, and the lower end of the connecting hole 13 communicates with the upper end of the discharge pipe 9. By setting the above structure, the gathering assembly can, on the one hand, install the discharge pipe 9, facilitating the fixation of the discharge pipe 9. On the other hand, the gathering grooves 12 on the gathering assembly can better guide the material in the conical inner cavity 7 to fall into the gathering grooves 12, then into the connecting hole 13, and finally into the discharge pipe 9.

[0059] Furthermore, the inner diameter of the gathering groove 12 gradually decreases along the vertical downward direction, which is intended to better guide and gather the material.

[0060] See Figures 1-7 and Figures 16-20The gathering assembly includes a gathering member 14 fitted inside the fixing sleeve 11, a connecting member 15 fitted inside the gathering member 14, a gathering groove 12 disposed on the gathering member 14, and a connecting hole 13 disposed on the connecting member 15. This structure facilitates the installation of the gathering assembly and the machining of the gathering groove 12 and the connecting hole 13.

[0061] See Figures 1-7 and Figures 16-20 The housing 10-1 is mounted on the side of the fixing sleeve 11. An air guide 16 is provided at the lower end of the housing 10-1, extending to the lower end of the gathering assembly. The discharge pipe 9 passes through the air guide 16, and the blowing channel 10-3 is disposed on the air guide 16. This structure makes the structure more compact, shortens the blowing distance, and improves the blowing effect. Furthermore, the air guide 16 also serves to fix the discharge pipe 9. Additionally, the air guide 16 prevents the gathering member 14 and the connecting member 15 from detaching, thus providing a secure mounting for the gathering assembly.

[0062] See Figures 1-15 The normal distribution adjustment mechanism 8 further includes a sliding mounting component 17. The sliding block 8-1 is mounted on the housing 6 via the sliding mounting component 17. The sliding mounting component 17 is provided with a sliding groove 8-4 extending horizontally, and the sliding groove 8-4 is slidably engaged with the sliding block 8-1. By setting the above structure, the installation of the sliding block 8-1 is facilitated, and the sliding groove 8-4 can provide a stable guiding effect for the sliding block 8-1.

[0063] See Figures 1-15 The housing 6 has a mounting groove 6-2 at a position corresponding to the sliding mounting member 17, and the sliding mounting member 17 is embedded in the mounting groove 6-2. The mounting groove 6-2 facilitates the installation of the sliding mounting member 17 and makes the structure more compact.

[0064] See Figures 1-15 The two sliding mounting parts 17 in each group of normal distribution adjustment mechanisms 8 are arranged symmetrically.

[0065] See Figures 1-15The sliding mounting component 17 includes a first mounting plate 17-1 and a second mounting plate 17-2 disposed on the first mounting plate 17-1. Both the first mounting plate 17-1 and the second mounting plate 17-2 are provided with sliding grooves, which are connected to form the aforementioned sliding groove 8-4. The two sliding grooves have different shapes. The front and rear ends of the housing 6 are each provided with a cover plate 18 for fixing the sliding mounting component 17. In the above structure, by providing the first mounting plate 17-1 and the second mounting plate 17-2, it is convenient to install the sliding block 8-1 on the sliding groove 8-4, and it is also convenient to disassemble the sliding block 8-1. By providing the two cover plates 18, the sliding mounting component 17 can be limited in the front-rear direction, preventing the sliding mounting component 17 from moving, thereby facilitating the installation and fixing of all sliding mounting components 17.

[0066] See Figures 11-13 The second mounting plate 17-2 includes a left plate 17-21 and a right plate 17-22. The left plate 17-21 and the right plate 17-22 are arranged symmetrically to facilitate the installation of the second mounting plate 17-2.

[0067] See Figures 1-15 The sliding block 8-1 has three adjustment positions on the sliding groove 8-4: left, middle, and right. When the sliding block 8-1 moves to the leftmost end of the groove, it is in the left position; when it moves to the middle of the groove, it is in the middle position; and when it moves to the rightmost end of the groove, it is in the right position. By setting these three positions, the position of the adjusting rod 8-2 in the conical inner cavity 7 is affected, thus changing the probability of material falling and resulting in different amounts falling into each discharge pipe 9, leading to different normal distribution models.

[0068] In this embodiment, the sliding block 8-1 may have four or more positions on the sliding groove 8-4, and the specific positions are divided according to the different positions of the sliding block 8-1 on the sliding groove 8-4.

[0069] See Figures 1-15The sliding block 8-1 is provided with a mounting hole 8-11 for mounting the adjusting rod 8-2; one end of the driving member 8-3 is provided with a sliding button 8-31, and the other end is provided with a fixed end 8-32; the fixed end 8-32 is connected to the mounting hole 8-11; the cover plate 18 is provided with a clearance groove 18-1 for avoiding the sliding button 8-31. With the above structure, by setting the mounting hole 8-11, the adjusting rod 8-2 can be installed on the front and rear sliding blocks 8-1, and the driving component 8-3 can be installed on the sliding block 8-1. By setting the sliding knob 8-31, it is convenient to manually adjust the position of the sliding block 8-1, thereby changing the position of the adjusting rod 8-2. By setting the clearance groove 18-1, it is convenient to adjust the sliding knob 8-31. At the same time, the cover plate 18 limits the driving component 8-3, preventing the driving component 8-3 from moving in the front and rear direction, and fixing the driving component 8-3 in the front and rear direction. By setting two cover plates 18, the limiting and fixing of the sliding mounting component 17, the adjusting rod 8-2, and the driving component 8-3 can be achieved without setting screws.

[0070] See Figure 1 In this embodiment, the drone 2 operates at an altitude ranging from 2.0m to 5.0m.

[0071] The material is a relatively small, rounded granular material such as crop seeds, biodegradable granules, and fertilizers, with each particle having a diameter of 2.0 mm to 4.0 mm.

[0072] See Figure 1 The UAV 2 is equipped with an onboard power supply, which is an onboard battery 4. The onboard battery 4 provides power to the UAV 2, the fan 10-2, and the feeder.

[0073] See Figures 1-10 The working principle of the above-mentioned material precision variable dispersal drone based on the normal distribution model is as follows:

[0074] During operation, the onboard battery 4 supplies power to the rotor and blowing mechanism 10 of the drone 2. After receiving the instruction, the drone 2 flies to the designated work area. According to the material quantity (fertilizer, solid granules, or seed granules) required at different locations in the work area, the normal distribution adjustment module 19 adjusts the different discharge quantities of each discharge pipe 9. The blowing mechanism 10 blows air into the discharge pipe 9. Under the action of the wind, the material falls faster and more accurately into the designated rows, reducing the deviation and dispersion of the material fall. This allows for better sowing of the different material quantities required in different areas, reducing the harm caused by pesticides and reducing cost waste. The specific process is as follows: Before takeoff, the UAV 2 manually pushes the drive component 8-3 to move according to the different row seeding amounts, causing the sliding block 8-1 to move on the housing 6. This causes the adjusting rod 8-2 to be in different positions, changing the position of the adjusting rod 8-2 of each group of normal distribution adjusting mechanisms 8, thereby adjusting the material amount corresponding to each discharge pipe 9, which corresponds to the row seeding amount of different rows. After the UAV 2 flies to the designated area, the control command of the UAV 2 is transmitted to the feeder in the material box 1, controlling the rotation speed of the feeder to adjust the amount of material falling into the conical inner cavity 7. The falling material enters from the feed port 6-1 on the housing 6. During the falling process, under the influence of the adjusting rod 8-2, By altering the descent trajectory, the amount of material falling into each discharge pipe 9 varies after passing through the lowest set of normal distribution adjustment mechanisms 8, thus corresponding to different row seeding amounts. The blowing mechanism 10 begins operation when the drone 2 takes off, generating wind that blows into the discharge pipe 9. When the material reaches the discharge pipe 9, it is further accelerated by the wind and flies out of the discharge pipe 9, heading towards the designated row seeding, achieving precise variable row seeding. After the designated work area is completed, the drone 2 returns to its starting point under the command of the flight control system. The drone 2 then replenishes materials and replaces the onboard battery 4. After replacement, it continues to work in the corresponding area, repeating the above process until the entire work area is seeded.

[0075] Example 2

[0076] The other structures in this embodiment are the same as in Embodiment 1, except that the normal distribution adjustment mechanism 8 also includes an electric drive mechanism. The output end of the electric drive mechanism is connected to the drive member 8-3 and is used to drive the drive member 8-3 to move horizontally. The electric drive mechanism can be an electric push rod, which is controlled by the control system of the UAV 2. During operation, after the UAV 2 flies to the designated area, the feeder feeds the material, which falls into the conical inner cavity 7 on the housing 6. The control system controls the movement of the electric push rod in each group of normal distribution adjustment mechanisms 8, thereby controlling the movement of the drive member 8-3, which in turn drives the sliding block 8-1 to move on the housing 6. This causes the adjustment rod 8-2 to be in different positions, changing the position of the adjustment rod 8-2 in each group of normal distribution adjustment mechanisms 8, thereby changing the probability of material falling and thus changing the amount of material in each discharge pipe 9. By setting an electric drive mechanism, the position of the adjustment rod 8-2 can be controlled in real time, further improving the flexibility of spreading.

[0077] The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above content. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, or simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be considered equivalent substitutions and shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A normal distribution model-based material precision variable spreading unmanned aerial vehicle, characterized in that, The application relates to an unmanned aerial vehicle and a spreading device; the spreading device is hung on the unmanned aerial vehicle; the spreading device comprises a material box and a spreading mechanism; the spreading mechanism comprises a normal distribution adjusting module and a material conveying module arranged at the lower end of the normal distribution adjusting module; wherein, The normal distribution adjusting module comprises a shell, a conical inner cavity arranged on the shell and a plurality of groups of normal distribution adjusting mechanisms arranged on the conical inner cavity; the plurality of groups of normal distribution adjusting mechanisms are uniformly arranged along the vertical direction; each group of the normal distribution adjusting mechanisms comprises sliding blocks horizontally slidingly arranged at the front and rear ends of the shell, adjusting rods arranged between the two sliding blocks and driving members arranged on one of the sliding blocks; one end of the adjusting rod is connected with one of the sliding blocks, and the other end of the adjusting rod penetrates through the conical inner cavity and is connected with the other sliding block; wherein the number of the adjusting rods in each group of the normal distribution adjusting mechanisms is different, and the number of the adjusting rods in each group of the normal distribution adjusting mechanisms gradually increases from top to bottom; the upper end of the shell is provided with a feeding port, the upper end of the feeding port is communicated with the discharging port of the material box, and the lower end of the feeding port is communicated with the conical inner cavity; The material conveying module comprises a plurality of discharging pipes arranged at the lower end of the shell and blowing mechanisms for blowing the materials in the discharging pipes; the upper end of the discharging pipe is communicated with the lower end of the conical inner cavity.

2. The normal distribution model-based material precise variable spreading unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blowing mechanism comprises a machine box arranged at the lower end of the shell, a fan arranged in the machine box and a plurality of blowing channels arranged between the machine box and the discharging pipes; wherein the blowing channels correspond to the discharging pipes one by one; one end of the blowing channel is communicated with the inside of the machine box, and the other end of the blowing channel is communicated with the discharging pipe.

3. The normal distribution model-based material precise variable spreading unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each blowing channel comprises a main channel and a plurality of branch channels; one end of the main channel is communicated with the inside of the machine box, the other end of the main channel is communicated with one end of the plurality of branch channels; the other end of the plurality of branch channels is communicated with the discharging pipe.

4. The normal distribution model-based precise variable material spreading unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that, The branch channels are arranged in a downward inclined manner.

5. The normal distribution model-based material precise variable spreading unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lower end of the shell is provided with a fixing sleeve; the fixing sleeve is internally provided with a folding assembly; the folding assembly is provided with a plurality of folding grooves and connecting holes arranged at the lower end of each folding groove and used for connecting the discharging pipes; the number of the folding grooves is the same as that of the discharging pipes; the upper end of the folding groove is communicated with the lower end of the conical inner cavity; the lower end of the connecting hole is communicated with the upper end of the discharging pipe.

6. The normal distribution model-based material precise variable spreading unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 5, characterized in that, The machine box is arranged at the side of the fixing sleeve; the lower end of the machine box is provided with a gas guide member; the gas guide member extends to the lower end of the folding assembly; the discharging pipe penetrates through the gas guide member; and the blowing channel is arranged on the gas guide member.

7. The normal distribution model based precise variable rate spreading unmanned aerial vehicle of claim 1, wherein, The normal distribution adjusting mechanism further comprises a sliding mounting member; the sliding blocks are mounted on the shell through the sliding mounting member; the sliding mounting member is provided with a sliding groove extending along the horizontal direction; and the sliding groove is slidingly connected with the sliding block.

8. The normal distribution model-based material precise variable spreading unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that, The sliding mounting piece comprises a first mounting plate and a second mounting plate arranged on the first mounting plate; the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate are both provided with sliding grooves, and the two sliding grooves are communicated to form the sliding groove; the front end and the rear end of the shell are both provided with cover plates for fixing the sliding mounting piece.

9. The normal distribution model based precise variable rate spreading unmanned aerial vehicle of claim 7, wherein, The sliding block has three adjustment gears on the sliding groove, and the three adjustment gears are respectively a left gear, a middle gear and a right gear; when the sliding block moves to the leftmost end of the sliding groove, the left gear is reached; when the sliding block moves to the middle position of the sliding groove, the middle gear is reached; and when the sliding block moves to the rightmost end of the sliding groove, the right gear is reached.

10. The normal distribution model based precise variable rate spreading unmanned aerial vehicle of claim 8, wherein, The sliding block is provided with a mounting hole for mounting the adjusting rod; one end of the driving piece is provided with a sliding button, and the other end is provided with a fixed end; the fixed end is connected with the mounting hole; and the cover plate is provided with an avoiding groove for avoiding the sliding button.

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