Modified biological filler, preparation apparatus and method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of biological filler processing, and specifically relates to a device for preparing modified biological filler, which technical scheme comprises: a high-temperature sand box, which can accommodate and preheat modified material, and the preheating temperature of the high-temperature sand box is 150-250 DEG C; a high-pressure gas system, which contains inert gas; a sand blasting system, which comprises a nozzle, a mesh conveyor belt and a power assembly, the power assembly comprises a motor, a driving rubber roller and a driven rubber roller, the nozzle is connected with the high-pressure gas system through a feeding pipe, the feeding pipe is also connected with the high-temperature sand box, the conveyor belt forms a closed loop around the driving rubber roller and the driven rubber roller, and the motor is fixedly connected with the driving rubber roller; the preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) preheating the high-temperature sand box; 2) preheating the pipeline; 3) sand blasting; and 4) dust removal; the modified biological filler of the present application comprises a plastic base material and a modified material, and the modified material is uniformly embedded on the surface of the plastic base material; and the present application has the advantages of not needing adhesive and stable combination.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of biological filler processing, in particular to a modified biological filler, a preparation device and a method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The role of biological filler is to gather microorganisms inside or on the surface to form a biofilm, and then degrade and convert pollutants through high-concentration microorganisms loaded on the biological filler. The application of biological filler is one of the main ways for upgrading and reconstruction of wastewater treatment plants. At present, the biological fillers that have been applied are classified according to their shape and structure, including Karnitz filler, porous foam filler, large ball filler and large cylindrical filler, etc., with a diameter of 25-100mm. The main substrate of biological filler such as PP or PE is most widely used in Karnitz filler application, but the surface of Karnitz filler is hydrophobic and smooth, which leads to problems such as long biofilm formation period, low biological concentration and high filling rate.

[0003] The existing Chinese patent application with the authorization announcement number CN105565481B discloses a method for modifying oyster shell powder biological filler. The oyster shell is washed and dried, then broken into particles with a particle size of 50-200 microns. A biodegradable adhesive solution is used to coat the surface of the pretreated polymer-based biological filler, and then the oyster shell particles are bonded to the surface of the filler to obtain a biological filler with oyster shell powder loaded on the surface. However, in this patent method, the oyster shell will gradually fall off as the adhesive degrades automatically, losing the modification effect.

[0004] The above-mentioned existing technology needs to use the bonding effect of the adhesive when coating the modification material on the surface of the modified biological filler. However, the biological filler is mostly non-polar PP or PE material, while the adhesive is mostly polar material. Therefore, the surface force between the polar adhesive and the non-polar material is not strong, which is easy to fall off and reduces the modification effect.

[0005] The existing Chinese patent application with the publication number CN111647189A discloses a method for enhancing the membrane formation of graphene oxide modified biological filler. The method uses the coupling, modification and adhesion of the two groups in the silane coupling agent as a "molecular bridge" to improve the compatibility of graphene oxide and biological filler, enhance the interface bonding strength, and increase the surface energy of the filler substrate. However, the above-mentioned method has limitations and is not suitable for inorganic materials. SUMMARY

[0006] To solve the problems existing in the prior art, the first object of the present application is to provide a device for preparing a modified biological filler, which has the advantages of not needing an adhesive and being stable in combination. The second object of the present application is to provide a method for preparing a modified biological filler. The third object of the present application is to provide a biological filler.

[0007] The above invention purpose of the present application is realized by the following technical solutions:

[0008] The present application provides a device for preparing modified biofiller, comprising:

[0009] A high-temperature sand box, which can accommodate and preheat the modified material, the preheating temperature of the high-temperature sand box is 150-250℃; a high-pressure gas system, which contains inert gas;

[0010] A sandblasting system, which comprises a nozzle, a mesh conveyor belt and a power assembly, the power assembly comprises a motor, a driving rubber roller and a driven rubber roller, the nozzle is connected with the high-pressure gas system through a feeding pipe, the outer surface of the feeding pipe is coated with a heat preservation layer, the feeding pipe is also connected with the high-temperature sand box, the conveyor belt forms a closed loop around the driving rubber roller and the driven rubber roller, and the motor is fixedly connected with the driving rubber roller.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solutions, the high-temperature sand box preheats the modified material to 150-250℃, opens the high-pressure gas system, and the inert gas carries the preheated modified material along the feeding pipe to the nozzle; the biofiller is placed on the mesh conveyor belt, the motor is started to drive the driving rubber roller to rotate, the mesh conveyor belt and the driven rubber roller move accordingly, and the nozzle sprays the preheated inorganic modified material onto the biofiller. Because the modified material has a temperature, it can instantly melt the substrate of the biofiller, and then inlay on the surface of the biofiller. By using the characteristics of the substrate of the biofiller being heated, melted, deformed, cooled, shrunk and solidified, the modified material is directly fixed on the surface of the biofiller without the need of coating an adhesive.

[0012] Further, a dust removal assembly is also included, which comprises two dust removal hoods, two vacuum pumps and a collection tank, the two dust removal hoods are arranged at the upper and lower parts of the mesh conveyor belt, the first pipeline is arranged between the two vacuum pumps and the collection tank, and the second pipeline is arranged between the collection tank and the two dust removal hoods.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solutions, the vacuum pump is started to form a negative pressure in the collection tank, and then the unabsorbed modified material on the mesh conveyor belt or the modified material not firmly combined with the biofiller is sucked and removed through the dust removal hoods, which realizes cleaning and recycling at the same time.

[0014] Further, the high-temperature sand box and the feeding pipe are connected through a branch pipe, the branch pipe is arranged upwardly inclined relative to the feeding pipe; the high-temperature sand box is provided with a stirring device, the stirring device comprises a stirring rod and a stirring motor, the stirring rod is arranged in the high-temperature sand box, the stirring motor is fixed to the upper part of the high-temperature sand box, and the stirring rod is fixedly connected with the stirring motor.

[0015] By adopting the technical scheme, the plane where the branch pipe is located is higher than the plane where the material conveying pipe is located, and the two planes have an included angle, which is beneficial to the modified material flowing into the material conveying pipe by using the self-weight and the self-high-temperature sand box in the initial stage; and the stirring device can stir the modified material in the high-temperature sand box, so that the modified material is heated more uniformly.

[0016] Further, the support is provided with a bearing seat mounting plate mounted on one end close to the driving rubber roller, the bearing seat mounting plate is provided with a bearing with a rhombic seat, and one end of the driving rubber roller is fixedly connected with the bearing; the two ends of the driven rubber roller are fixed on the two side rolling bearings respectively, the upper part and the lower part of the rolling bearing are respectively provided with a sliding block seat, and the support corresponding to the upper and lower sliding block seats is provided with a sliding strip, and the sliding strip is clamped in the sliding block seat.

[0017] By adopting the technical scheme, the two side rolling bearings are fixed on the support, and then the driven rubber roller is limited, and the sliding block seat and the sliding strip are matched to allow the driven rubber roller to have a certain displacement deviation, so that the flexibility of the device is increased.

[0018] Further, the support is provided with a motor mounting plate, and the motor is fixed on the motor mounting plate; and the support is further provided with a support base, and the vacuum pump is fixed on the support base.

[0019] By adopting the technical scheme, the motor is arranged close to the support, so as to be matched with the driving rubber roller.

[0020] Further, the support is provided with three nozzles, the nozzles are provided with short connecting pipes between the nozzles and the material conveying pipe, and the nozzles are fixed on the support through nozzle support bases.

[0021] By adopting the technical scheme, the arrangement of multiple nozzles is beneficial to improving the spraying efficiency and uniformity.

[0022] Further, the high-pressure gas system is provided with a pressure gauge, and the high-pressure gas system is provided with a valve between the high-pressure gas system and the material conveying pipe.

[0023] By adopting the technical scheme, the inert gas condition of the high-pressure gas system can be detected through the pressure gauge, the safety of the system is improved, and the flow of the inert gas can be controlled through the valve.

[0024] The method for preparing the modified biological filler comprises the following steps:

[0025] 1) Preheating the high-temperature sand box: adding modified material in the high-temperature sand box, the particle size of the modified material is between 50-500 μm, and the high-temperature sand box is opened and preheated to 150-250 ℃;

[0026] 2) Preheating the pipeline: opening the high-pressure gas system, and running for 3-8 min under the load of high-temperature sand.

[0027] 3) sand blasting: the biological filler is placed on a mesh conveyor belt, the mesh size of the mesh conveyor belt is 10*10-20*20 mm, the wire size is 1.5-2.5 mm, the conveying speed is 0.01-0.1 m / s, the high-pressure gas system is opened, and the inert gas load modification material is sprayed onto the biological filler through the nozzle;

[0028] 4) dust removal: start the vacuum pump, and adsorb the unadhered or weakly adhered modification material to the aggregate box through the dust removal cover.

[0029] Further, the biological filler includes but is not limited to one or more of the following: Canaris type filler, hollow ball filler, inclined tube filler, Bauer ring, flocculation reaction ball, wreath filler, ladder ring, Heier ring, inclined plate filler and suspended ball filler.

[0030] Further, the modification material includes but is not limited to one or more of the following: ferric oxide powder, pyrite powder, hematite powder, zeolite powder, lignite powder, volcanic stone powder, ceramsite powder, vermiculite powder, activated carbon powder, iron powder and dolomite powder.

[0031] Further, the particle size of the modification material is preferably 100-350 μm.

[0032] A modified biological filler includes a plastic substrate and a modification material, and the modification material is uniformly embedded on the surface of the plastic substrate.

[0033] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0034] The device of the present application heats the inorganic modification material to a predetermined temperature by a high-temperature sand box and a high-pressure gas system, and carries it to a sand blasting system. The modification material is directly fixed on the surface of the biological filler by using the thermal plasticity of the biological filler itself, without the need for an adhesive, and the combination is firm. The uncombined inorganic modification material can be directly separated from the biological filler, and the uncombined modification material can be eliminated by using a dust removal assembly to realize recycling and save resources. The method of the present application directly embeds the inorganic modification material on the surface of the biological filler, and the modified biological filler prepared has increased surface roughness, forming a microenvironment suitable for microbial growth, improving the concentration and activity of the microorganisms, and increasing the denitrification and decarburization efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the embodiment;

[0036] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the embodiment; Figure 1

[0037] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the sand blasting system structure of the embodiment;​

[0038] Figure 4 is a structure diagram of the modified biological filler prepared in Example 3 under an optical microscope;

[0039] Figure 5 is a structure diagram of the biological filler of the comparative example under an optical microscope;

[0040] Figure 6 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the modified biological filler of the present application;

[0041] Figure 7 is a planar structure diagram of the modified biological filler of the present application.

[0042] In the figure, 1 is a high-temperature sand box; 11 is a stirring motor; 12 is a branch pipe; 2 is a high-pressure gas system; 21 is a material conveying pipe; 22 is a pressure gauge; 23 is a valve; 3 is a sand blasting system; 31 is a nozzle; 311 is a short connecting pipe; 312 is a nozzle support; 32 is a mesh conveyor belt; 33 is a motor; 34 is a driving rubber roller; 35 is a driven rubber roller; 4 is a dust removal assembly; 41 is a dust removal cover; 42 is a vacuum pump; 421 is a support; 43 is a material collecting box; 44 is a first pipeline; 45 is a second pipeline; 5 is a support; 51 is a bearing seat mounting plate; 511 is a bearing; 52 is a rolling bearing; 521 is a sliding block seat; 53 is a sliding bar; 54 is a motor mounting plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0044] In order for those skilled in the art to understand the present application, the following will describe the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. Figures 1-3 The specific embodiment of the device of the present application is described.

[0045] Referring to Figure 1 The present application discloses a device for preparing a modified biological filler, comprising: a high-temperature sand box 1, a high-pressure gas system 2, a sand blasting system 3, and a dust removal assembly 4.

[0046] The modified material can be accommodated and preheated in the high-temperature sand box 1, and the preheating temperature of the high-temperature sand box 1 is 150-250°C; the high-temperature sand box 1 is also provided with a stirring device, which comprises a stirring rod (not shown in the figure) and a stirring motor 11; the stirring rod is arranged in the high-temperature sand box 1, and the stirring motor 11 is fixed to the upper part of the high-temperature sand box 1; the stirring rod is fixedly connected with the stirring motor 11, so that the modified material in the high-temperature sand box 1 can be stirred, making the heating more uniform.

[0047] Referring to Figure 1The high-pressure gas system 2 contains inert gas, and the high-pressure gas system 2 is connected with the sand blasting system 3 through a conveying pipe 21, the outer surface of the conveying pipe 21 is provided with a heat preservation layer, the conveying pipe 21 is further connected with the high-temperature sand box 1 through a branch pipe 12, and the inert gas can load the modified material flowing out of the high-temperature sand box 1 to the sand blasting system 3; the high-pressure gas system 2 is provided with a pressure gauge 22, and the high-pressure gas system 2 and the conveying pipe 21 are provided with a valve 23, the inert gas condition of the high-pressure gas system 2 can be detected through the pressure gauge 22, the safety of the system is improved, and the flow of the inert gas can be controlled through the valve 23; the branch pipe 12 is arranged upwardly inclined relative to the conveying pipe 21, so that the plane where the branch pipe 12 is located is higher than the plane where the conveying pipe 21 is located, and there is an included angle between the two planes, which is beneficial to the modified material flowing from the high-temperature sand box 1 into the conveying pipe 21 by gravity in the initial stage.

[0048] With reference to Figures 1-3 The sand blasting system 3 comprises nozzles 31, a mesh conveyor belt 32 and a power assembly, the power assembly comprises a motor 33, a driving rubber roller 34 and a driven rubber roller 35, the nozzles 31 are communicated with the high-pressure gas system 2 through the conveying pipe 21, the conveyor belt forms a closed loop around the driving rubber roller 34 and the driven rubber roller 35, and the motor 33 is fixedly connected with the driving rubber roller 34; the nozzles 31 are provided with three, and a short connecting pipe 311 is arranged between the nozzles 31 and the conveying pipe 21, which is beneficial to improving the spraying efficiency and uniformity; the mesh size of the mesh conveyor belt 32 is 10*10-20*20 mm, when the mesh size is less than 10*10 mm, the too dense conveyor belt mesh will affect the sand blasting effect, and when the mesh size is greater than 20*20 mm, the small-sized biological filler will fall from the mesh and cannot be smoothly transported through the conveyor belt, the wire size of the mesh conveyor belt 32 is 1.5-2.5 mm, and the conveying speed is 0.01-0.1 m / s; the sand blasting system 3 is fixed on a support 5, and the nozzles 31 are fixed on the support 5 through nozzle supports 312; a bearing seat mounting plate 51 is installed on one end of the support 5 close to the driving rubber roller 34, a bearing 511 with a rhombic seat is arranged on the bearing seat mounting plate 51, and one end of the driving rubber roller 34 is fixedly connected with the bearing 511; the two ends of the driven rubber roller 35 are respectively fixed on two side rolling bearings 52, the upper part and the lower part of the rolling bearings 52 are respectively provided with sliding block seats 521, the support 5 corresponding to the upper and lower sliding block seats 521 is provided with sliding strips 53, the sliding strips 53 are clamped into the sliding block seats 521, so that the two side rolling bearings 52 are fixed on the support 5, and the driven rubber roller 35 is further limited; the support 5 is provided with a motor mounting plate 54, and the motor 33 is fixed on the motor mounting plate 54.

[0049] With reference to Figure 1 and Figure 3The dust removal assembly 4 comprises two dust removal hoods 41, two vacuum pumps 42 and a collecting tank 43. The two dust removal hoods 41 are arranged at the upper and lower portions of the mesh conveyor belt 32 respectively. The first pipeline 44 is arranged between the two vacuum pumps 42 and the collecting tank 43. The second pipeline 45 is arranged between the collecting tank 43 and the two dust removal hoods 41. The vacuum pumps 42 are started to form negative pressure in the collecting tank 43, and then the unabsorbed modified material on the mesh conveyor belt or the modified material not firmly combined with the biological filler is sucked and removed through the dust removal hoods 41, so as to clean and recycle at the same time. The vacuum pumps 42 are fixed to the support 5 through a support 421.

[0050] The implementation principle of the device of the embodiment is as follows: the high-temperature sand box 1 preheats the modified material to 150-250°C. The high-pressure gas system 2 is opened. The inert gas carries the preheated modified material to the nozzle 31 along the material conveying pipe 21. The biological filler is placed on the mesh conveyor belt 32. The motor 33 is started to drive the driving rubber roller 34 to rotate. The mesh conveyor belt 32 and the driven rubber roller 35 move accordingly. The nozzle 31 sprays the preheated modified material onto the biological filler. Because the modified material has a temperature, it can instantaneously melt the base material of the biological filler, and then inlay on the surface of the biological filler. By using the characteristics that the base material of the biological filler is heated, melted, deformed, shrinks and solidifies after cooling, the modified material is directly fixed on the surface of the biological filler without the need of coating an adhesive.

[0051] The following embodiment is an embodiment of preparing the modified biological filler according to the above device.

[0052] Embodiment 1

[0053] 1) Preheat the high-temperature sand box: in the high-temperature sand box, add ferroferric oxide powder and activated carbon with a mass ratio of 1:1, and the particle size is between 50-100 μm. Open the high-temperature sand box and preheat to 150°C.

[0054] 2) Preheat the pipeline: open the high-pressure gas system and load the high-temperature sand for 3 min.

[0055] 3) Sand blasting: place the Kanerz filler K3 on the mesh conveyor belt. The mesh size of the mesh conveyor belt is 10*10 mm, the wire size is 1.5 mm, and the conveying speed is 0.01 m / s. Open the high-pressure gas system. The inert gas carries the modified material to the nozzle and sprays it onto the biological filler.

[0056] 4) Dust removal: start the vacuum pump. The unabsorbed or unfirmly adhered modified material is adsorbed to the collecting tank through the dust removal hood.

[0057] The above embodiment prepares the modified biological filler in which the ferroferric oxide powder and activated carbon with a particle size of 50-100 μm are uniformly coated on the surface of the Kanerz filler K3.

[0058] Embodiment 2

[0059] 1) Preheat the high-temperature sand box: add the ceramsite powder with a particle size of 100-200 μm in the high-temperature sand box, and preheat the high-temperature sand box to 180°C;

[0060] 2) Preheat the pipeline: open the high-pressure gas system, and load the high-temperature sand for 4 min;

[0061] 3) Sand blasting: place the ladder ring on the mesh conveyor belt, the mesh size of the mesh conveyor belt is 15*15 mm, the mesh size is 2 mm, the conveying speed is 0.04 m / s, open the high-pressure gas system, and inert gas loaded modified material is sprayed onto the biological filler through the nozzle;

[0062] 4) Dust removal: start the vacuum pump, and adsorb the unattached or weakly attached modified material to the aggregate box through the dust removal cover.

[0063] The above example prepares the modified biological filler with the ceramsite powder with a particle size of 100-200 μm uniformly coated on the surface of the ladder ring.

[0064] Example 3

[0065] 1) Preheat the high-temperature sand box: add the lignite powder with a particle size of 200-300 μm in the high-temperature sand box, and preheat the high-temperature sand box to 210°C;

[0066] 2) Preheat the pipeline: open the high-pressure gas system, and load the high-temperature sand for 5 min;

[0067] 3) Sand blasting: place the Heier ring on the mesh conveyor belt, the mesh size of the mesh conveyor belt is 20*20 mm, the mesh size is 2.5 mm, the conveying speed is 0.08 m / s, open the high-pressure gas system, and inert gas loaded modified material is sprayed onto the biological filler through the nozzle;

[0068] 4) Dust removal: start the vacuum pump, and adsorb the unattached or weakly attached modified material to the aggregate box through the dust removal cover.

[0069] The above example prepares the modified biological filler with the lignite powder with a particle size of 200-300 μm uniformly coated on the surface of the Heier ring.

[0070] Example 4

[0071] 1) Preheat the high-temperature sand box: add the zeolite powder with a particle size of 300-500 μm in the high-temperature sand box, and preheat the high-temperature sand box to 250°C;

[0072] 2) Preheat the pipeline: open the high-pressure gas system, and load the high-temperature sand for 7 min;

[0073] 3) Sand blasting: the suspended ball is placed on the mesh conveyor belt, the mesh size of the mesh conveyor belt is 10*10 mm, the mesh size is 1.5 mm, the conveying speed is 0.12 m / s, the high-pressure gas system is opened, and the inert gas loaded modified material is sprayed onto the biological filler through the nozzle;

[0074] 4) Dust removal: start the vacuum pump, and adsorb the unattached or weakly attached modified material to the collection box through the dust removal cover.

[0075] The above example prepares the modified biological filler with the zeolite powder of 300-500 μm uniformly coated on the surface of the suspended ball.

[0076] Example 5

[0077] 1) Preheat the high-temperature sand box: add the volcanic rock powder with a particle size of 100-200 μm to the high-temperature sand box, and open the high-temperature sand box to preheat to 210°C;

[0078] 2) Preheat the pipeline: open the high-pressure gas system, and load the high-temperature sand for 4 min;

[0079] 3) Sand blasting: the wreath filler is placed on the mesh conveyor belt, the mesh size of the mesh conveyor belt is 15*15 mm, the mesh size is 2 mm, the conveying speed is 0.05 m / s, the high-pressure gas system is opened, and the inert gas loaded modified material is sprayed onto the biological filler through the nozzle;

[0080] 4) Dust removal: start the vacuum pump, and adsorb the unattached or weakly attached modified material to the collection box through the dust removal cover.

[0081] The above example prepares the modified biological filler with the volcanic rock powder of 100-200 μm uniformly coated on the surface of the wreath filler.

[0082] Example 6

[0083] 1) Preheat the high-temperature sand box: add the ferroferric oxide powder and lignite with a mass ratio of 1:1 and a particle size of 100-200 μm to the high-temperature sand box, and open the high-temperature sand box to preheat to 210°C;

[0084] 2) Preheat the pipeline: open the high-pressure gas system, and load the high-temperature sand for 4 min;

[0085] 3) Sand blasting: the Pall ring is placed on the mesh conveyor belt, the mesh size of the mesh conveyor belt is 15*15 mm, the mesh size is 2 mm, the conveying speed is 0.05 m / s, the high-pressure gas system is opened, and the inert gas loaded modified material is sprayed onto the biological filler through the nozzle;

[0086] 4) Dust removal: start the vacuum pump, and adsorb the unattached or weakly attached modified material to the collection box through the dust removal cover.

[0087] The above example produces a modified biofiller with Fe3O4 powder and lignite having a particle size of 100-200 μm uniformly coated on the surface of Pall ring.

[0088] Example 7

[0089] 1) Preheat the high-temperature sand box: in the high-temperature sand box, add activated carbon and pyrite in a mass ratio of 1:1, with a particle size of 100-200 μm, open the high-temperature sand box and preheat to 210°C;

[0090] 2) Preheat the pipeline: open the high-pressure gas system, load the high-temperature sand and run for 4 min;

[0091] 3) Sand blasting: place the Cartridge filler K3 on the mesh conveyor belt, with a mesh size of 15*15 mm and a wire size of 2 mm, at a conveying speed of 0.05 m / s, open the high-pressure gas system, and inert gas load the modified material to be sprayed onto the biofiller through the nozzle;

[0092] 4) Dust removal: start the vacuum pump, and adsorb the unattached or weakly attached modified material to the collection box through the dust removal hood.

[0093] The above example produces a modified biofiller with activated carbon and pyrite having a particle size of 100-200 μm uniformly coated on the surface of Cartridge filler K3.

[0094] Performance test

[0095] 1. Water treatment application experiment:

[0096] The biofillers of the examples and the comparative examples were placed in a biological reactor for testing. The activated sludge was aerobic activated sludge, the experimental wastewater was prepared wastewater, the COD was 300±10 mg / L, the ammonia nitrogen was 60±2 mg / L, the filling rate of the biofiller was 30%, the hydraulic retention time was 10 hours, the temperature was 25±2°C, and the pH was 6.5-7.5. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0097] Table 1. Density of biofiller and test results of water treatment application

[0098]

[0099] Among them, the comparative example is Cartridge filler K3 of Example 1.

[0100] As can be seen from Table 1, the performance of the modified biofiller of the present application is significantly improved, the biofilm formation time is shortened to 2-10 days, the ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen removal rates are significantly higher than those of ordinary biofillers, the highest ammonia nitrogen removal rate is more than 80%, and the highest total nitrogen removal rate is more than 70%.

[0101] 2. Microstructure

[0102] Figure 4 Picture of the modified biofiller prepared for Example 3 under an optical microscope, Figure 5 Picture of the modified biofiller prepared for Example 3 under an optical microscope, Figure 4 and Figure 5 It can be seen that by modifying the biofiller, the surface of the biofiller modified by high-temperature and high-pressure sandblasting is rough, forming a microenvironment suitable for the growth of microorganisms, and at the same time protecting the microorganisms from falling off; in combination with the treatment effects in Table 1, it can be seen that the modified biofiller can increase the concentration of microorganisms, enhance the activity of microorganisms, and thus improve the denitrification and decarburization efficiency of microorganisms.

[0103] In the description of the present application, it should be pointed out that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0104] In the description of the present application, it should be pointed out that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0105] The above-mentioned embodiments of the present application do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. An apparatus for preparing modified biological packing materials, characterized in that, include: A high-temperature sand box (1) is provided, which can contain and preheat the modified material. The preheating temperature of the high-temperature sand box (1) is 150-250℃. A high-pressure gas system (2) is provided, which contains inert gas. The sandblasting system (3) includes a nozzle (31), a mesh conveyor belt (32) and a power assembly. The power assembly includes a motor (33), an active rubber roller (34) and a driven rubber roller (35). The nozzle (31) is connected to the high-pressure gas system (2) through a feed pipe (21). The feed pipe (21) is covered with an insulation layer. The feed pipe (21) is also connected to the high-temperature sand box (1). The mesh conveyor belt (32) forms a closed loop around the active rubber roller (34) and the driven rubber roller (35). The motor (33) is fixedly connected to the active rubber roller (34). The high-temperature sand box (1) is connected to the conveying pipe (21) by a branch pipe (12), which is inclined upward relative to the conveying pipe (21); the high-temperature sand box (1) is equipped with a stirring device, which includes a stirring rod and a stirring motor (11). The stirring rod is placed inside the high-temperature sand box (1), and the stirring motor (11) is fixed to the upper part of the high-temperature sand box (1). The stirring rod and the stirring motor (11) are fixedly connected. It also includes a bracket (5), on which a bearing seat mounting plate (51) is installed at one end near the active rubber roller (34). A bearing (511) with a diamond-shaped seat is provided on the bearing seat mounting plate (51). One end of the active rubber roller (34) is fixedly connected to the bearing (511). The two ends of the driven rubber roller (35) are respectively fixed on the rolling bearings (52) on both sides. The upper and lower parts of the rolling bearings (52) are respectively provided with slider seats (521). Slide bars (53) are provided on the bracket (5) corresponding to the upper and lower slider seats (521). The slide bars (53) are locked in the slider seats (521).

2. The apparatus for preparing modified biological packing material according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a dust removal assembly (4), which includes two dust removal hoods (41), two vacuum pumps (42) and a collection box (43). The two dust removal hoods (41) are respectively installed on the upper and lower parts of the mesh conveyor belt (32). A first pipeline (44) is provided between the two vacuum pumps (42) and the collection box (43), and a second pipeline (45) is provided between the collection box (43) and the two dust removal hoods (41).

3. The apparatus for preparing modified biological packing material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bracket (5) is provided with a motor mounting plate (54), the motor (33) is fixed on the motor mounting plate (54), and the bracket (5) is also provided with a support (421), and the vacuum pump (42) is fixed on the support (421).

4. The apparatus for preparing modified biological packing material according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: There are three nozzles (31). A short pipe (311) is provided between the nozzle (31) and the conveying pipe (21). The nozzle (31) is fixed on the bracket (5) by the nozzle support (312).

5. An apparatus for preparing modified biological packing material according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The high-pressure gas system (2) is equipped with a pressure gauge (22), and a valve (23) is provided between the high-pressure gas system (2) and the conveying pipe (21).

6. A method for preparing modified biological fillers using the equipment described in claim 4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: 1) Preheating the high-temperature sand box: Add modified materials to the high-temperature sand box. The particle size of the modified materials is between 50 and 500 μm. Open the high-temperature sand box and preheat it to 150-250℃. 2) Preheating pipeline: Turn on the high-pressure gas system and run it with high-temperature sand for 3-8 minutes; 3) Sandblasting: Place the biological filler on a mesh conveyor belt with a mesh size of 10*10-20*20mm and a wire size of 1.5-2.5mm. The conveying speed is 0.01-0.1m / s. Turn on the high-pressure gas system and spray the modified material onto the biological filler through the nozzle with inert gas. 4) Dust removal: Start the vacuum pump and use the dust removal hood to adsorb the modified materials that are not adhered or not adhered firmly into the collection box.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The particle size of the modified material is 100-350 μm.

8. A modified biological packing material prepared according to the method of claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, It includes a plastic substrate and a modified material, wherein the modified material is uniformly embedded on the surface of the plastic substrate.

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