A protective structure for excavation of foundation pit above a tunnel

Abstract

This invention provides a protective structure for excavation of foundation pits above tunnels, including a foundation pit road, a foundation pit slope, and a protective structure body. The protective structure body includes protective components, a shielding structure, and a fall arrestor structure. The protective components cover the surface of the foundation pit slope, and the edges of the protective components are provided with frames. The sides of the frames of each protective component are fitted and aligned with each other. Fixing members are inserted at the corners of the frames. The protective components are connected to the buffer structure through the fixing members. This protective structure uses fixing members to fix both the protective components and the buffer structure to the foundation pit slope, thereby simplifying the installation and construction steps and improving connection stability. The buffer structure can reduce the impact force generated by a small number of rolling stones, and the shielding structure blocks them from rolling onto the foundation pit road. The stones can also be discharged downward along the diversion channel with rainwater, thus protecting the foundation pit road.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel construction, specifically to a protective structure for excavation of foundation pits above tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] During tunnel construction, a foundation pit needs to be excavated at the top of the tunnel to house tunnel-related facilities. The excavation of this pit creates a slope on the side, and soil and rocks from this slope can roll downhill, potentially damaging the tunnel itself. Therefore, a foundation pit protection structure is used to cover and protect the inner walls of the pit. Current technology involves building supports on the slope and pouring cement. While cement pouring is primarily used for large foundation pit operations, this method is costly and time-consuming, making it unsuitable for small pits. Furthermore, simply building supports cannot prevent small rocks from sliding down the slope during rainy weather, which can also affect the road within the pit. Therefore, the existing solution offers incomplete protection. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a protective structure for excavation of foundation pits above tunnels, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background section. The present invention shortens the construction period, reduces construction costs, and provides more comprehensive and reliable protection.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a protective structure for excavation of a foundation pit above a tunnel, comprising a foundation pit road, a foundation pit slope, and a protective structure body. The protective structure body includes protective components, a shielding structure, and a fall arrestor structure. The protective components cover the surface of the foundation pit slope. The edges of the protective components are provided with frames, and the sides of the frames of each protective component are aligned and fitted together. Fixing members are inserted at the corners of the frames. The protective components are connected to the buffer structures through the fixing members. Each buffer structure is installed and covers the surface of the protective components. A guide channel is provided at the junction of the bottom of the foundation pit slope and the foundation pit road. A shielding structure is provided on the top side of the guide channel. A fall arrestor structure is installed on the other side of the foundation pit road. The side of the fall arrestor structure is connected to the topmost protective component on the surface of each layer of the foundation pit slope.

[0005] Furthermore, the protective component consists of multiple metal meshes and frames, with the metal meshes laid on the inner side of the frames. Each metal mesh and frame has a rectangular structure, and the four corners of the frames are provided with mating holes. A buffer structure is installed on the surface of the frames.

[0006] Furthermore, the bottom end of each of the protective components is in contact with the surface of the pit slope, and the top row of protective components of each layer of pit slope is provided with a plug-in plate, and the protective components are connected to the fall arrest structure through the plug-in plate.

[0007] Furthermore, the buffer structure includes a connecting plate and a buffer plate. The buffer plate is disposed at the bottom of the connecting plate, and the two ends of the connecting plate are provided with first threaded holes. The connecting plate is connected to the fixing member through the first threaded holes.

[0008] Furthermore, multiple buffer structures are provided, and each buffer structure is pressed onto the surface of the protective component by a bottom fastener.

[0009] Furthermore, a pressure plate is provided in the middle of the fixing member, and a plug rod is welded to the bottom end of the pressure plate. Each plug rod passes downward through the inside of the docking hole and is inserted into the slope of the foundation pit. A threaded post is welded to the top of the pressure plate and passes through the inside of the first threaded hole.

[0010] Furthermore, the shielding structure includes a rotating partition and a rotating shaft, with upright plates at both ends of the rotating shaft, inclined side plates on the side of the flow guide channel, and a vertical side plate on the other side of the flow guide channel.

[0011] Furthermore, the bottom end of the vertical plate is welded and installed on the top of the inclined side plate, and a locking pin is provided on one bottom side of the vertical plate. The bottom end of the rotating partition plate abuts against the side of the locking pin. The top of the inclined side plate is flush with the surface of the pit road, and the top of the vertical side plate is flush with the bottom of the pit slope.

[0012] Furthermore, the fall protection structure includes a base plate and a baffle. The base plate is welded to the bottom of the baffle. A second threaded hole is formed on the surface of the base plate, and a sandwich layer is formed on the inner side of the base plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the surface of the plug plate is provided with a third threaded hole. After the plug plate is embedded into the interior of the interlayer, it is fixed by passing screws through the second threaded hole and the third threaded hole in sequence. The baffle is perpendicular to the surface of the pit road.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention provides a protective structure for excavation of foundation pit above a tunnel, comprising a protective structure body, the protective structure body including a foundation pit road, a foundation pit slope, protective components, a buffer structure, a shielding structure, a fall protection structure, a frame, a metal mesh, connecting holes, fasteners, pressure plates, threaded columns, plug-in rods, connecting plates, a first threaded hole, a buffer plate, a guide channel, inclined side plates, vertical side plates, upright plates, rotating partitions, rotating shafts, locking pins, a bottom plate, a baffle, a sandwich layer, a second threaded hole, a plug-in plate, and a third threaded hole.

[0015] 1. The excavation protection structure above the tunnel uses fasteners to simultaneously fix the protective components and the buffer structure on the slope of the pit, which simplifies the installation process and improves connection stability. The buffer structure can also reduce the impact of a small number of rolling rocks.

[0016] 2. The excavation protection structure above the tunnel can block a small amount of stones or soil from the rollers through the bottom shielding structure, preventing them from rolling onto the excavation road. The soil can also be drained downwards with rainwater, thus protecting the excavation road.

[0017] 3. The excavation protection structure above the tunnel has a fall protection structure at the top of the slope. This structure fixes the top of the protective components and prevents some rocks from rolling down the slope of the pit due to vehicle traffic, thus further improving the protection effect. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external shape of a tunnel excavation protection structure according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a protective component part of a tunnel excavation protection structure according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the buffer structure portion of a tunnel above foundation pit excavation protection structure according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the shielding structure portion of a tunnel excavation protection structure according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-fall structure part of the excavation protection structure above the tunnel of the present invention;

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Pit road; 2. Pit slope; 3. Protective components; 4. Buffer structure; 5. Shelter structure; 6. Fall protection structure; 7. Frame; 8. Metal mesh; 9. Connecting hole; 10. Fastener; 11. Pressure plate; 12. Threaded post; 13. Insert rod; 14. Connecting plate; 15. First threaded hole; 16. Buffer plate; 17. Guide channel; 18. Inclined side plate; 19. Vertical side plate; 20. Vertical plate; 21. Rotating partition; 22. Rotating shaft; 23. Locking pin; 24. Base plate; 25. Baffle; 26. Interlayer; 27. Second threaded hole; 28. Insert plate; 29. ​​Third threaded hole. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0025] Please see Figures 1 to 5 This invention provides a technical solution: a protective structure for excavation of a foundation pit above a tunnel, comprising a foundation pit road 1, a foundation pit slope 2, and a protective structure body. The protective structure body includes protective components 3, shielding structures 5, and fall-prevention structures 6. The protective components 3 cover the surface of the foundation pit slope 2. Frames 7 are provided along the edges of the protective components 3, and the sides of the frames 7 of each protective component 3 are aligned and fitted together. Fixing members 10 are inserted at the corners of the frames 7. The protective components 3 are connected to buffer structures 4 via the fixing members 10. Each buffer structure 4 is installed and covers the surface of the protective components 3. A guide channel 17 is provided at the junction of the bottom of the foundation pit slope 2 and the foundation pit road 1. The sides of the guide channel 17... A shielding structure 5 is provided at the top, and a fall protection structure 6 is installed on the other side of the foundation pit road 1. The side of the fall protection structure 6 is connected to the topmost protective component 3 on the surface of each layer of foundation pit slope 2. When building this protective structure, multiple protective components 3 are evenly laid on the surface of foundation pit slope 2, and the sides of the frame 7 of each protective component 3 are aligned with each other. Then, multiple fasteners 10 are used to fix every four groups of adjacent protective components 3. After the fasteners 10 pass through the protective components 3 and are inserted into the foundation pit slope 2, each protective component 3 can be pressed onto the foundation pit slope 2. Then, the buffer structure 4 is laid on the surface of the protective components 3 by relying on the fasteners 10, so as to achieve the protective effect of foundation pit slope 2.

[0026] In this embodiment, the protective component 3 consists of multiple metal meshes 8 and frames 7. The metal meshes 8 are laid inside the frames 7, and each metal mesh 8 and frame 7 is rectangular. The four corners of the frames 7 are provided with connecting holes 9, and the surface of the frames 7 is equipped with a buffer structure 4. The bottom end of each protective component 3 is in contact with the surface of the pit slope 2. The top row of protective components 3 of each layer of pit slope 2 is provided with a plug-in plate 28, and the protective components 3 are connected to the fall protection structure 6 through the plug-in plate 28. The protective components 3 support the rectangular metal meshes 8 through the frames 7. After the frames 7 are pressed onto the pit slope 2 by the fasteners 10, the pit slope 2 can be covered and shielded over a large area by the metal meshes 8, thereby avoiding large-scale mudslides and protecting the pit body. At the same time, it prevents large-volume soil and rocks from rolling onto the pit road 1 and threatening the construction vehicles.

[0027] In this embodiment, the buffer structure 4 includes a connecting plate 14 and a buffer plate 16. The buffer plate 16 is disposed at the bottom of the connecting plate 14. The two ends of the connecting plate 14 are provided with first threaded holes 15. The connecting plate 14 is connected to the fixing member 10 through the first threaded holes 15. Multiple buffer structures 4 are provided, and each buffer structure 4 is pressed against the surface of the protective component 3 by the fixing member 10 at the bottom. A pressure plate 11 is provided in the middle of the fixing member 10. A plug rod 13 is welded and installed at the bottom end of the pressure plate 11. Each plug rod 13 passes downward from the inside of the docking hole 9 and is inserted into the pit slope 2. A threaded post 12 is welded and installed at the top of the pressure plate 11. 2. Passing through the inside of the first threaded hole 15, the protective component 3 and the buffer structure 4 are simultaneously fixed on the pit slope 2 using the fastener 10, which simplifies the installation steps and improves the connection stability. The buffer structure 4 can reduce the impact of a small number of rolling stones and provides some protection for the bottom shielding structure 5, extending the service life of the protective structure. Since the protective component 3 and the buffer structure 4 are installed simultaneously through the fastener 10, the installation process is simplified. The buffer structure 4 can also shield some small stones exposed from the surface of the metal mesh 8 and provide support and guidance as the stones roll down, reducing their rolling speed.

[0028] In this embodiment, the shielding structure 5 includes a rotating partition 21 and a rotating shaft 22. Vertical plates 20 are provided at both ends of the rotating shaft 22. An inclined side plate 18 is provided on one side of the guide channel 17, and a vertical side plate 19 is provided on the other side of the guide channel 17. The bottom end of the vertical plate 20 is welded to the top of the inclined side plate 18. A locking pin 23 is provided at the bottom end of one side of the vertical plate 20. The bottom end of the rotating partition 21 abuts against the side of the locking pin 23. The top of the inclined side plate 18 is flush with the surface of the pit road 1, and the top of the vertical side plate 19 is flush with the bottom of the pit slope 2. The shielding structure 5 at the bottom can shield stones from a small number of rollers. Blocks or soil are used to prevent stones from rolling onto the pit road 1, and they can flow downwards with rainwater, thus protecting the pit road 1, facilitating the passage of engineering vehicles, and improving safety. When some stones roll down the pit slope 2, the bottom can be blocked by rotating the baffle 21, which can prevent the rolling stones from falling onto the pit road 1 and affecting vehicle passage. The stones are then concentrated in the guide channel 17 for subsequent cleaning. The locking pin 23 allows the rotating baffle 21 to rotate only on one side of the guide channel 17, thus achieving the blocking function. At the same time, it can also clean the stones on the pit road 1 into the guide channel 17 in the opposite direction.

[0029] In this embodiment, the fall arrest structure 6 includes a base plate 24 and a baffle 25. The base plate 24 is welded to the bottom of the baffle 25. A second threaded hole 27 is formed on the surface of the base plate 24, and a sandwich layer 26 is formed on the inner side of the base plate 24. A third threaded hole 29 is formed on the surface of the plug-in plate 28. After the plug-in plate 28 is embedded into the sandwich layer 26, it is fixed by passing screws through the second threaded hole 27 and the third threaded hole 29 in sequence. The baffle 25 is perpendicular to the surface of the pit road 1. The fall arrest structure 6 is set at the top of the slope. The top of the protective component 3 is fixed, which can prevent some stones on the pit road 1 from rolling down to the next level of the pit slope 2 due to vehicle crushing, thus improving the protection effect. It can also block the flowing water on the pit road 1 and allow the rainwater to flow to the guide channel 17 for discharge. When stones generated on the surface of the pit road 1 roll down to the next level of the pit slope 2, they can be blocked by the baffle 25. Furthermore, when the entire fall arrest structure 6 is fixed by screws, it can provide auxiliary reinforcement to the top protective component 3, further improving the stability of the entire protective structure.

[0030] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0031] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A protective structure for excavation of foundation pit above a tunnel, comprising a protective structure body, characterized in that: The protective structure body includes a protective component (3), a shielding structure (5), and a fall-prevention structure (6). The protective component (3) covers the surface of the pit slope (2). The edge of the protective component (3) is provided with a frame (7), and the sides of the frame (7) of each protective component (3) are aligned with each other. A fastener (10) is inserted at the corner of the frame (7). The protective component (3) is connected to the buffer structure (4) through the fastener (10). Each buffer structure (4) is installed and covers the surface of the protective component (3). A guide channel (17) is provided at the junction of the bottom of the pit slope (2) and the pit road (1). A shielding structure (5) is provided on the top side of the guide channel (17). A fall-prevention structure (6) is installed on the other side of the pit road (1). The side of the fall-prevention structure (6) is connected to the top of the protective component (3) on the surface of each layer of the pit slope (2). The protective component (3) consists of multiple metal meshes (8) and a frame (7). The metal meshes (8) are laid on the inside of the frame (7). Each metal mesh (8) and frame (7) is rectangular. The four corners of the frame (7) are provided with docking holes (9). The surface of the frame (7) is equipped with a buffer structure (4). The buffer structure (4) includes a connecting plate (14) and a buffer plate (16). The buffer plate (16) is disposed at the bottom of the connecting plate (14). The two ends of the connecting plate (14) are provided with first threaded holes (15). The connecting plate (14) is connected to the fixing member (10) through the first threaded holes (15). Multiple buffer structures (4) are provided, and each buffer structure (4) is pressed against the surface of the protective component (3) by a bottom fastener (10); A pressure plate (11) is provided in the middle of the fastener (10). A plug rod (13) is welded to the bottom end of the pressure plate (11). Each plug rod (13) passes downward through the inside of the docking hole (9) and is inserted into the pit slope (2). A threaded column (12) is welded to the top of the pressure plate (11). The threaded column (12) passes through the inside of the first threaded hole (15).

2. The tunnel above foundation pit excavation protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of each of the protective components (3) is in contact with the surface of the pit slope (2). The top row of protective components (3) of each layer of pit slope (2) is provided with a plug plate (28), and the protective components (3) are connected to the fall arrest structure (6) through the plug plate (28).

3. The tunnel excavation protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shielding structure (5) includes a rotating partition (21) and a rotating shaft (22). The two ends of the rotating shaft (22) are provided with vertical plates (20). The side of the guide channel (17) is provided with an inclined side plate (18), and the other side of the guide channel (17) is provided with a vertical side plate (19).

4. The tunnel above-ground pit excavation protection structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom end of the upright plate (20) is welded to the top of the inclined side plate (18). A locking pin (23) is provided on one bottom side of the upright plate (20). The bottom end of the rotating partition (21) rests against the side of the locking pin (23). The top of the inclined side plate (18) is flush with the surface of the pit road (1). The top of the vertical side plate (19) is flush with the bottom of the pit slope (2).

5. The tunnel above foundation pit excavation protection structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fall arrestor structure (6) includes a base plate (24) and a baffle (25). The base plate (24) is welded to the bottom of the baffle (25). A second threaded hole (27) is provided on the surface of the base plate (24). A sandwich layer (26) is provided on the inner side of the base plate (24).

6. The tunnel above foundation pit excavation protection structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The surface of the plug plate (28) is provided with a third threaded hole (29). After the plug plate (28) is embedded in the interior of the interlayer (26), it is fixed by passing screws through the second threaded hole (27) and the third threaded hole (29) in sequence. The baffle (25) is perpendicular to the surface of the pit road (1).

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