A pre-support structure for tunnel construction and its construction method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and specifically relates to a pre-support structure for tunnel construction, including: a lower support plate, with a limiting groove formed on the surface of the lower support plate, an upper support plate is arranged on the surface of the lower support plate, and a fixing rod is arranged on the surface of the upper support plate; a limiting plate, arranged on the surface of the fixing rod, and one end of the limiting plate is located on the surface of the limiting groove; The beneficial effects are as follows: Rotate the positioning plate to drive one end of the elastic plate on its surface away from the surface of the slot, insert one end of the pulling rod into the corresponding slot on the surface of the other set of fixing blocks to complete the limitation of the positioning plate; Start the motor to drive the limiting plate on the surface of the fixing rod to rotate to the surface of the limiting groove, and the damping pad and the damping strip can prevent the limiting plate from rotating easily on the surface of the limiting groove; Then rotate the positioning plate so that the elastic plate is located in the slot, and the fixing rod can be limited. When the limiting plate is located in the limiting groove, it can prevent the lower support plate and the upper support plate from moving. The overall splicing is time-saving and labor-saving.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and specifically to a pre-support structure for tunnel construction and a construction method thereof. Background Technique

[0002] Soft surrounding rock generally refers to the surrounding rock with weak rock mass, low bearing capacity, developed joint fissures and broken structure. The characteristics of soft surrounding rock are that the rock mass is broken and loose, the cohesion is poor, the surrounding rock strength is low, it is easy to soften when encountering water, the rock mass structural plane is weak and easy to slide and collapse; the characteristics of soft surrounding rock determine its deformation characteristics during the tunnel process, that is, the self-stabilization ability after excavation is poor, showing the characteristics of "short self-stabilization time and easy collapse". Due to the excavation of the tunnel, the surrounding rock that previously supported the tunnel body is removed, and the tunnel wall is in the open air; this causes the surrounding rock stress to be readjusted, and both the surrounding rock and the tunnel wall deform towards the tunnel clearance direction.

[0003] In the prior art, during the construction of soft surrounding rock tunnels, a support structure is set up to prevent the rock mass of the soft surrounding rock tunnel from displacing, sliding and shaking on the tunnel.

[0004] However, bolts are often required to splice and fix multiple groups of support structures among the existing support structures, and the overall construction process is time-consuming and laborious. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a pre-support structure for tunnel construction and a construction method thereof to solve the problems raised in the above background technique.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A pre-support structure for tunnel construction, the pre-support structure for tunnel construction includes:

[0007] A lower support plate, a limiting groove is opened on the surface of the lower support plate, an upper support plate is arranged on the surface of the lower support plate, and a fixing rod is arranged on the surface of the upper support plate;

[0008] A limiting plate, arranged on the surface of the fixing rod, and one end of the limiting plate is located on the surface of the limiting groove.

[0009] Preferably, a placement groove is opened on the surface of the lower support plate, the placement groove is in a square groove structure, there are two groups of placement grooves, the two groups of placement grooves are symmetrically distributed about the center of the lower support plate, and the limiting groove is opened on the surface of the placement groove.

[0010] Preferably, the limiting groove is in a square groove structure, there are two groups of limiting grooves, one group of limiting grooves includes multiple limiting grooves, the multiple limiting grooves are equidistantly and equally sized distributed, the two groups of limiting grooves are symmetrically distributed about the center of the placement groove, and a damping pad is arranged on the surface of the limiting groove.

[0011] Preferably, the upper support plate is in the shape of an arc plate structure, and connecting blocks are arranged on the surface of the upper support plate. The connecting blocks are in the shape of square plate structures, and edge grooves are formed on the surfaces of the connecting blocks. The edge grooves are in the shape of circular groove structures, and fixing blocks are arranged on the surface of the upper support plate.

[0012] Preferably, the fixing blocks are in the shape of square plate structures, and fixing holes are formed on the surfaces of the fixing blocks. The fixing holes penetrate through the edge grooves, and the fixing rods are located on the surfaces of the fixing holes. Two groups of limiting plates are provided, and the two groups of slots are symmetrically distributed about the center of the fixing rod. And damping strips are arranged on the surfaces of the limiting plates.

[0013] Preferably, a positioning plate is rotatably connected to the surface of the fixing block. The positioning plate is in the shape of a polygonal plate structure, an opening groove is formed on the surface of the positioning plate, and elastic plates are arranged on the surface of the positioning plate. The elastic plates are in the shape of arc plate structures, and multiple groups of elastic plates are arranged in a circumferential array about the center of the positioning plate.

[0014] Preferably, an auxiliary plate is arranged on the surface of the fixing block. The auxiliary plate is in the shape of an annular plate structure, and positioning holes are formed on the surface of the auxiliary plate. And one end of the elastic plate passes through the positioning hole and is located on the surface of the slot. The slot is formed on the surface of the fixing rod.

[0015] Preferably, a pulling rod is inserted into the surface of the positioning plate. The pulling rod is in the shape of a "T" - shaped column structure. One end of the pulling rod is located in the corresponding groove on the surface of the fixing block, and two groups of corresponding grooves are provided. A spring is arranged between the pulling rod and the surface of the positioning plate, and the spring is sleeved on the surface of the pulling rod.

[0016] Preferably, a motor is arranged on the surface of the upper support plate. The rotating end of the motor is fixed to one end of the fixing rod through a coupling.

[0017] A construction method for a pre - support structure in tunnel construction includes the following steps:

[0018] Set the number of lower support plates and upper support plates according to the length of the surrounding rock tunnel rock mass, and the fixing rods sequentially pass through the fixing holes on the surfaces of other groups of upper support plates;

[0019] Rotate the positioning plate to drive one end of the elastic plate on its surface away from the surface of the slot, and insert one end of the pulling rod into the corresponding groove on the surface of the other group of fixing blocks to complete the limitation of the positioning plate;

[0020] Start the motor to drive the limiting plate on the surface of the fixing rod to rotate to the surface of the limiting groove. The damping pad and the damping strip can prevent the limiting plate from rotating easily on the surface of the limiting groove;

[0021] Rotate the positioning plate to make the elastic plate located in the slot, then the fixing rod can be limited. When the limiting plate is located in the limiting groove, it can prevent the phenomenon of movement between the lower support plate and the upper support plate, and the overall splicing is time - saving and labor - saving.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0023] A pre-support structure for tunnel construction proposed by the present invention rotates the positioning plate to drive one end of the elastic plate on its surface away from the surface of the slot, inserts one end of the pulling rod into the corresponding slot on the surface of the other set of fixing blocks to complete the limit of the positioning plate; starts the motor to drive the limiting plate on the surface of the fixing rod to rotate to the surface of the limiting slot, and the damping pad and the damping strip can prevent the limiting plate from rotating easily on the surface of the limiting slot; then rotates the positioning plate so that the elastic plate is located in the slot to limit the fixing rod, and the limiting plate located in the limiting slot can prevent the lower support plate and the upper support plate from moving. The overall splicing is time-saving and labor-saving. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the structure of the present invention and the surrounding rock tunnel rock mass;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the fixing rod of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the upper support plate of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the positioning plate of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the lower support plate of the present invention.

[0030] In the figure: lower support plate 1, placement groove 2, limiting groove 3, damping pad 4, upper support plate 5, connecting block 6, side groove 7, fixing block 8, fixing hole 9, fixing rod 10, limiting plate 11, damping strip 12, slot 13, positioning plate 14, opening groove 15, elastic plate 16, auxiliary plate 17, positioning hole 18, pulling rod 19, spring 20, surrounding rock tunnel rock mass 21. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0032] Embodiment 1

[0033] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6, the present invention provides a technical solution: a pre - support structure for tunnel construction. The pre - support structure for tunnel construction includes: a lower support plate 1, a limiting groove 3 is formed on the surface of the lower support plate 1, an upper support plate 5 is arranged on the surface of the lower support plate 1, and a fixing rod 10 is arranged on the surface of the upper support plate 5; a limiting plate 11 is arranged on the surface of the fixing rod 10, and one end of the limiting plate 11 is located on the surface of the limiting groove 3;

[0034] Rotate the positioning plate 14 to drive one end of the elastic plate 16 on its surface away from the surface of the insertion slot 13, insert one end of the pulling rod 19 into the corresponding slot on the surface of the other group of fixing blocks 8 to complete the limitation of the positioning plate 14; start the motor to drive the limiting plate 11 on the surface of the fixing rod 10 to rotate to the surface of the limiting groove 3. The damping pad 4 and the damping strip 12 can prevent the limiting plate 11 from rotating easily on the surface of the limiting groove 3; then rotate the positioning plate 14 so that the elastic plate 16 is located in the insertion slot 13, and the fixing rod 10 can be limited. When the limiting plate 11 is located in the limiting groove 3, it can prevent the lower support plate 1 and the upper support plate 5 from moving. The overall splicing is time - saving and labor - saving;

[0035] Embodiment Two

[0036] On the basis of Embodiment 1, in order to realize the splicing and use of multiple groups of lower support plates 1 and upper support plates 5, a placement groove 2 is opened on the surface of the lower support plate 1. The placement groove 2 is in the structure of a square groove body. There are two groups of placement grooves 2, and the two groups of placement grooves 2 are symmetrically distributed about the center of the lower support plate 1. And a limiting groove 3 is opened on the surface of the placement groove 2. The limiting groove 3 is in the structure of a square groove body. There are two groups of limiting grooves 3. One group of limiting grooves 3 includes multiple limiting grooves 3, and the multiple limiting grooves 3 are distributed at equal distances and of equal size. The two groups of limiting grooves 3 are symmetrically distributed about the center of the placement groove 2. And a damping pad 4 is arranged on the surface of the limiting groove 3. The upper support plate 5 is in the structure of an arc-shaped plate. A connecting block 6 is arranged on the surface of the upper support plate 5. The connecting block 6 is in the structure of a square plate. A side groove 7 is opened on the surface of the connecting block 6. The side groove 7 is in the structure of a circular groove body. And a fixing block 8 is arranged on the surface of the upper support plate 5. The fixing block 8 is in the structure of a square plate. A fixing hole 9 is opened on the surface of the fixing block 8. The fixing hole 9 penetrates through the side groove 7. And a fixing rod 10 is located on the surface of the fixing hole 9. There are two groups of limiting plates 11. The two groups of slots 13 are symmetrically distributed about the center of the fixing rod 10. And a damping strip 12 is arranged on the surface of the limiting plate 11. A positioning plate 14 is rotatably connected to the surface of the fixing block 8. The positioning plate 14 is in the structure of a polygonal plate. An opening groove 15 is opened on the surface of the positioning plate 14. An elastic plate 16 is arranged on the surface of the positioning plate 14. The elastic plate 16 is in the structure of an arc-shaped plate. And there are multiple groups of elastic plates 16. The multiple groups of elastic plates 16 are distributed in a circular array about the center of the positioning plate 14. An auxiliary plate 17 is arranged on the surface of the fixing block 8. The auxiliary plate 17 is in the structure of an annular plate. A positioning hole 18 is opened on the surface of the auxiliary plate 17. And one end of the elastic plate 16 passes through the positioning hole 18 and is located on the surface of the slot 13. The slot 13 is opened on the surface of the fixing rod 10. A pulling rod 19 is inserted into the surface of the positioning plate 14. The pulling rod 19 is in the structure of a "T"-shaped cylinder. One end of the pulling rod 19 is located in the corresponding groove on the surface of the fixing block 8. And there are two groups of corresponding grooves. A spring 20 is arranged between the pulling rod 19 and the surface of the positioning plate 14. And the spring 20 is sleeved on the surface of the pulling rod 19. A motor is arranged on the surface of the upper support plate 5. The rotating end of the motor is fixedly connected to one end of the fixing rod 10 through a coupling. The number of the lower support plates 1 and the upper support plates 5 is set according to the length of the surrounding rock tunnel rock mass 21. The fixing rod 10 sequentially passes through the fixing holes 9 on the surfaces of other groups of upper support plates 5; Rotate the positioning plate 14 to drive one end of the elastic plate 16 on its surface to leave the surface of the slot 13, and insert one end of the pulling rod 19 into the corresponding groove on the surface of the other group of fixing blocks 8 to complete the limitation of the positioning plate 14; Start the motor to drive the limiting plate 11 on the surface of the fixing rod 10 to rotate to the surface of the limiting groove 3. The damping pad 4 and the damping strip 12 can prevent the limiting plate 11 from rotating easily on the surface of the limiting groove 3;Rotate the positioning plate 14 again so that the elastic plate 16 is located in the slot 13, and the fixing rod 10 can be limited. When the limiting plate 11 is located in the limiting groove 3, the phenomenon of movement between the lower support plate 1 and the upper support plate 5 can be prevented, and the overall splicing is time-saving and labor-saving.

[0037] During actual use, the number of lower support plates 1 and upper support plates 5 is set according to the length of the surrounding rock tunnel rock mass 21. The fixing rods 10 sequentially pass through the fixing holes 9 on the surfaces of other groups of upper support plates 5; rotate the positioning plate 14 to drive one end of the elastic plate 16 on its surface away from the surface of the slot 13, and insert one end of the pulling rod 19 into the corresponding slot on the surface of the other group of fixing blocks 8 to completely limit the positioning plate 14; start the motor to drive the limiting plate 11 on the surface of the fixing rod 10 to rotate to the surface of the limiting groove 3, and the damping pad 4 and the damping strip 12 can prevent the limiting plate 11 from rotating easily on the surface of the limiting groove 3; rotate the positioning plate 14 again so that the elastic plate 16 is located in the slot 13, and the fixing rod 10 can be limited. When the limiting plate 11 is located in the limiting groove 3, the phenomenon of movement between the lower support plate 1 and the upper support plate 5 can be prevented, and the overall splicing is time-saving and labor-saving.

[0038] Embodiment III

[0039] A construction method for a pre-support structure for tunnel construction includes the following steps:

[0040] Set the number of lower support plates and upper support plates according to the length of the surrounding rock tunnel rock mass, and the fixing rods sequentially pass through the fixing holes on the surfaces of other groups of upper support plates;

[0041] Rotate the positioning plate to drive one end of the elastic plate on its surface away from the surface of the slot, and insert one end of the pulling rod into the corresponding slot on the surface of the other group of fixing blocks to completely limit the positioning plate;

[0042] Start the motor to drive the limiting plate on the surface of the fixing rod to rotate to the surface of the limiting groove, and the damping pad and the damping strip can prevent the limiting plate from rotating easily on the surface of the limiting groove;

[0043] Rotate the positioning plate so that the elastic plate is located in the slot, and the fixing rod can be limited. When the limiting plate is located in the limiting groove, the phenomenon of movement between the lower support plate and the upper support plate can be prevented, and the overall splicing is time-saving and labor-saving.

[0044] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirits of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A pre-support structure for tunnel construction, characterized in that: The pre-support structure for tunnel construction includes: A lower support plate (1), with a limit groove (3) opened on the surface of the lower support plate (1), an upper support plate (5) arranged on the surface of the lower support plate (1), and a fixing rod (10) arranged on the surface of the upper support plate (5); the upper support plate (5) is in an arc-shaped plate structure, a connecting block (6) is arranged on the surface of the upper support plate (5), the connecting block (6) is in a square plate structure, a side groove (7) is opened on the surface of the connecting block (6), the side groove (7) is in a circular groove structure, and a fixing block (8) is arranged on the surface of the upper support plate (5); a positioning plate (14) is rotatably connected to the surface of the fixing block (8), the positioning plate (14) is in a polygonal plate structure, an opening groove (15) is opened on the surface of the positioning plate (14), a elastic plate (16) is arranged on the surface of the positioning plate (14), the elastic plate (16) is in an arc-shaped plate structure, and multiple groups of elastic plates (16) are distributed in a circumferential array about the center of the positioning plate (14); an auxiliary plate (17) is arranged on the surface of the fixing block (8), the auxiliary plate (17) is in an annular plate structure, a positioning hole (18) is opened on the surface of the auxiliary plate (17), and one end of the elastic plate (16) passes through the positioning hole (18) and is located on the surface of the slot (13), and the slot (13) is opened on the surface of the fixing rod (10); A limit plate (11), arranged on the surface of the fixing rod (10), and one end of the limit plate (11) is located on the surface of the limit groove (3).

2. The pre-support structure for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: A placing groove (2) is opened on the surface of the lower support plate (1), the placing groove (2) is in a square groove structure, two groups of placing grooves (2) are arranged, the two groups of placing grooves (2) are symmetrically distributed about the center of the lower support plate (1), and the limit groove (3) is opened on the surface of the placing groove (2).

3. The pre-support structure for tunnel construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The limit groove (3) is in a square groove structure, two groups of limit grooves (3) are arranged, one group of limit grooves (3) includes multiple limit grooves (3), the multiple limit grooves (3) are distributed at equal distances and of equal size, the two groups of limit grooves (3) are symmetrically distributed about the center of the placing groove (2), and a damping pad (4) is arranged on the surface of the limit groove (3).

4. The pre-support structure for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing block (8) is in a square plate structure, a fixing hole (9) is opened on the surface of the fixing block (8), the fixing hole (9) penetrates through the side groove (7), and the fixing rod (10) is located on the surface of the fixing hole (9), two groups of limit plates (11) are arranged, the two groups of slots (13) are symmetrically distributed about the center of the fixing rod (10), and a damping strip (12) is arranged on the surface of the limit plate (11).

5. The pre-support structure for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pull rod (19) is inserted into the surface of the positioning plate (14). The pull rod (19) is in a "T"-shaped column structure. One end of the pull rod (19) is located in the corresponding slot on the surface of the fixed block (8), and there are two groups of corresponding slots. A spring (20) is arranged between the surface of the pull rod (19) and the positioning plate (14), and the spring (20) is sleeved on the surface of the pull rod (19).

6. A pre-support structure for tunnel construction according to claim 5, characterized in that: A motor is arranged on the surface of the upper support plate (5), and one end of a fixed rod (10) is fixed to the rotating end of the motor through a coupling.

7. A construction method of a pre-support structure for tunnel construction as described in any one of claims 1-6 above, characterized in that: The construction method of the pre-support structure for tunnel construction includes the following steps: Set the number of lower support plates and upper support plates according to the length of the surrounding rock tunnel rock mass, and the fixed rod passes through the fixing holes on the surfaces of other groups of upper support plates in turn; Rotate the positioning plate to drive one end of the elastic plate on its surface away from the surface of the slot, and insert one end of the pull rod into the corresponding slot on the surface of the other group of fixed blocks to complete the limit of the positioning plate; Start the motor to drive the limiting plate on the surface of the fixed rod to rotate to the surface of the limiting slot, and the damping pad and the damping strip can prevent the limiting plate from rotating easily on the surface of the limiting slot; Rotate the positioning plate so that the elastic plate is located in the slot, and the fixed rod can be limited. When the limiting plate is located in the limiting slot, the phenomenon of movement between the lower support plate and the upper support plate can be prevented, and the overall splicing is time-saving and labor-saving.

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