Surface penetrating waterproof coating and preparation method thereof

Abstract

This invention relates to a surface-penetrating waterproof coating and its preparation method, belonging to the technical field of building materials. The waterproof coating is composed of powder and liquid in a mass ratio of 2-4:1. The powder raw materials have the following mass fractions: silicate cement 50-60%, quartz sand 30-40%, reinforcing component 1-2%, active component 1-3%, hydrophobic component 1-2%, expanding component 1-3%, nano component 1-2%, water-reducing agent 0.1-0.5%, thickening component 1-5%, and water-retaining component 0.1-1%. The liquid raw materials have the following mass fractions: organic emulsion 30-50%, water 40-60%, organosilicon waterproofing agent 1-10%, and water glass 1-10%. This surface-penetrating waterproof coating can form a denser microstructure on the concrete surface, exhibiting good waterproofing, weather resistance, and wear resistance, and also possesses self-healing capabilities, reducing concrete management and maintenance costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a surface-penetrating waterproof coating and its preparation method, belonging to the field of building materials technology. Background Technology

[0002] In construction engineering, many buildings require waterproofing and seepage prevention. However, under certain special water environments, ordinary concrete often fails to meet these requirements, as water can penetrate through the micropores of the concrete. Therefore, the conventional method is to isolate the water source by laying waterproof membranes or similar materials on the water-facing side of the ordinary concrete. This construction process is relatively complex, and the waterproofing effect and long-term effectiveness are not easily guaranteed. Rigid internal waterproofing structures are also used, but these systems fail when the concrete cracks. Organic surface-penetrating waterproofing materials are also employed. These materials significantly improve waterproofing performance but cannot improve the concrete's impermeability under pressurized water, and their weather resistance is poor.

[0003] Patent application CN106630778A provides a waterproof coating that can seal micropores and microcracks in concrete. However, this waterproof coating cannot effectively prevent seepage and waterproof the concrete surface for a long time and will experience aging and peeling. Patent application CN102464476A provides a surface-penetrating waterproof coating with good seepage and waterproofing effects, but it also does not solve the problems of poor weather resistance, lack of wear resistance, and easy peeling on the concrete surface. Patent application CN102533036A provides an elastic waterproof coating with strong water resistance, alkali resistance, and weather resistance, but it cannot repair microcracks and micropores on the concrete surface and does not have self-healing or secondary waterproofing capabilities.

[0004] Existing waterproof coatings are limited to improving seepage resistance and waterproofing performance, but have poor weather resistance. There is a lack of a waterproof coating that can permanently prevent seepage and waterproof and repair microcracks and micropores. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the existing technology, one of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a surface-penetrating waterproof coating; the waterproof coating is permanently impermeable, highly weather-resistant, not easy to peel off, wear-resistant, and can self-heal and repair microcracks or micropores;

[0006] The second objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing a surface-penetrating waterproof coating.

[0007] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.

[0008] A surface-penetrating waterproof coating is composed of powder and liquid, with a mass ratio of powder to liquid of (2-4):1;

[0009] Based on the total mass of the powder raw material as 100%, the mass fraction of each component of the powder raw material is as follows:

[0010] The composition includes 50-60% silicate cement, 30-40% quartz sand, 1-2% reinforcing component, 1-3% active component, 1-2% hydrophobic component, 1-3% expansive component, 1-2% nano component, 0.1-0.5% water-reducing agent, 1-5% thickening component, and 0.1-1% water-retaining component.

[0011] Based on the total mass of the liquid raw material as 100%, the mass fraction of each component of the liquid raw material is as follows:

[0012] Organic emulsion 30-50%, water 40-60%, silicone waterproofing agent 1-10%, water glass 1-10%;

[0013] The reinforcing component is at least one of magnesium fluorosilicate, potassium fluorosilicate, zinc fluorosilicate, and sodium fluorosilicate.

[0014] The active component is zirconium silicate;

[0015] The hydrophobic component is at least one of polysiloxane powder, polymethylsiloxane powder, polydimethylsiloxane powder, aminosilane powder, epoxysilane powder, and methyltriethoxysilane powder.

[0016] The expansion component is at least one of magnesium oxide, calcium oxide and calcium sulfoaluminate;

[0017] The nano-component is nano-silica;

[0018] The water-reducing agent is a polycarboxylate water-reducing agent powder;

[0019] The thickening component is latex powder;

[0020] The water-retaining component is at least one of starch ether and cellulose ether;

[0021] The organic emulsion is a pure acrylic emulsion;

[0022] The organosilicon waterproofing agent is at least one of sodium methylsilicate, potassium methylsilicate, and dimethyl silicone oil;

[0023] The water glass is sodium silicate.

[0024] Preferably, the silicate cement is silicate cement with a strength grade of 42.5;

[0025] Preferably, the quartz sand is obtained by grading quartz sand with a particle size of 40-100 mesh and quartz sand with a particle size of 20-10 mesh in a mass ratio of 7:3; preferably, the molecular weight of the silicon zirconium is not greater than 2500 Daltons.

[0026] Preferably, the nano-silica is hydrophobic and has a specific surface area of ​​not less than 200 m². 2 / g.

[0027] Preferably, the polycarboxylate superplasticizer powder has an effective solid content of ≥98% and a water reduction rate of ≥30%;

[0028] Preferably, the latex powder has a particle size of 0.04–0.2 mm and a solid content of ≥98%;

[0029] Preferably, the water-retaining component is at least one of carboxymethyl starch ether and methyl cellulose ether.

[0030] Preferably, the solid content of the pure acrylic emulsion is 45-55%.

[0031] Preferably, the modulus of the sodium silicate is 1.5.

[0032] A method for preparing the surface-penetrating waterproof coating of the present invention, wherein the method comprises mechanically mixing the powder and liquid materials evenly.

[0033] Beneficial effects

[0034] (1) The present invention provides a surface-penetrating waterproof coating. The active component and the reinforcing component in the waterproof coating work synergistically. The reinforcing component, fluorosilicate, inhibits the reaction and precipitation of the active component with calcium ions in the concrete in the early stage of concrete, so that the active component is in a dormant state in the early stage of cement hydration in the concrete, and retains more active components to provide protection in the middle and late stages of concrete service, thus extending the durability of the waterproof coating. At the same time, the silicon zirconium can also act as a catalyst. When the concrete is eroded by external water due to its own defects throughout the entire life cycle, it can activate the incompletely hydrated cement to rehydrate, increase the density of the concrete, prevent the erosion of water and harmful substances, and achieve permanent impermeability of the concrete.

[0035] (2) This invention provides a surface-penetrating waterproof coating. The powder and liquid components of the coating work synergistically. The gradation of the quartz sand in the powder can improve the state and strength of the cement mixture. The selection of each component in the powder makes the powder have the most compact packing state, solving the current situation of poor mixture state, low strength and poor wear resistance of waterproof coatings on the market. The liquid component is composed of organic emulsion, organosilicon waterproofing agent, water glass and water. The organic emulsion can improve the adhesion between the waterproof coating and concrete, solving the current situation of easy peeling of waterproof coatings on the market. As a waterproofing agent, organosilicon waterproofing agent (sodium methylsilicate) cannot penetrate into concrete well. When the liquid component and powder are mixed as a whole, water glass, as a carrier with good permeability, promotes the active component (zirconium silicate) in the powder and the organosilicon waterproofing agent in the liquid component to better penetrate into the concrete surface. When the surface coating is worn, the penetrated active component and waterproof component can also play a continuous waterproof and seepage-proof effect.

[0036] (3) This invention provides a surface-penetrating waterproof coating, wherein the molecular weight of the active component, zirconium silicone, is no greater than 2500 Daltons, and the small molecular weight of the active component is conducive to more complete penetration and crystallization; the nano-silica is hydrophobic and has a specific surface area of ​​no less than 200 m². 2 / g can effectively improve the strength and mixture state of waterproof coatings.

[0037] (4) The present invention provides a surface-penetrating waterproof coating. The active substances, nano-components and expansion components in the coating self-heal microcracks generated in concrete during service, repair microcracks or micropores, reduce durability problems caused by cracks, and greatly improve the durability of concrete. The impermeability of cement paste, cement mortar and concrete substrates using the coating is significantly enhanced, the service life is extended, the strength is not reduced, and it has a permanent effect.

[0038] (5) The present invention provides a method for preparing a surface-penetrating waterproof coating, wherein the powder and liquid are mechanically mixed evenly, the process steps are simple, and it is easy to mass-produce. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to embodiments thereof. Unless otherwise specified, the methods described are conventional methods, and the raw materials described are all available from publicly available commercial sources.

[0040] The following comparative examples and embodiments:

[0041] The strength testing method refers to the national standard GB / T 50081-2002 Test Method for Mechanical Properties of Ordinary Concrete;

[0042] The test method for concrete water absorption rate refers to Jiangsu Provincial Local Standard DB32 / T 3696-2019 Technical Specification for Application of High-Performance Concrete;

[0043] The test methods for concrete electrical flux, freeze-thaw cycle resistance and impermeability are all in accordance with the national standard GB / T50082-2009 Standard for Test Methods of Long-Term Performance and Durability of Ordinary Concrete.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] A surface-penetrating waterproof coating comprises powder and liquid components in a mass ratio of 2.8:1. Based on the total mass of the powder raw material (100%), the mass fractions of each component are as follows:

[0046] The composition consists of 50% silicate cement, 40% quartz sand, 1% reinforcing component, 2% active component, 1% hydrophobic component, 3% expansive component, 1% nano component, 0.1% water-reducing agent, 1% thickening component, and 0.9% water-retaining component.

[0047] Based on the total mass of the liquid raw material as 100%, the mass fraction of each component of the liquid raw material is as follows:

[0048] Organic emulsion 30%, water 60%, silicone waterproofing agent 5%, water glass 5%;

[0049] The silicate cement is silicate cement with a strength grade of 42.5;

[0050] The quartz sand is obtained by grading quartz sand with a particle size of 40-100 mesh and quartz sand with a particle size of 20-10 mesh in a mass ratio of 7:3;

[0051] The reinforcing component is magnesium fluorosilicate;

[0052] The active component is a silicon zirconium with a molecular weight of 2000 Daltons;

[0053] The hydrophobic component is polysiloxane powder;

[0054] The expansion component is a mixture of magnesium oxide, calcium oxide and calcium sulfoaluminate, wherein the mass ratio of magnesium oxide, calcium oxide and calcium sulfoaluminate is 1:1:2.

[0055] The nanocomposition has a specific surface area of ​​200 m². 2 / g of hydrophobic nano-silica;

[0056] The water-reducing agent is a polycarboxylate water-reducing agent powder with an effective solid content of 98% and a water reduction rate of 30%.

[0057] The thickening component is latex powder with a particle size of 0.04-0.2 mm and a solid content of ≥98%;

[0058] The water-retaining component is carboxymethyl starch ether;

[0059] The organosilicon waterproofing agent is sodium methylsilicate;

[0060] The water glass is sodium silicate with a modulus of 1.5;

[0061] The organic emulsion is a pure acrylic emulsion with a solid content of 45%.

[0062] A method for preparing the surface-penetrating waterproof coating described in this embodiment is provided, wherein the method involves mechanically stirring and mixing the powder and slurry evenly to obtain the coating.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] A surface-penetrating waterproof coating comprises powder and liquid components in a mass ratio of 2:1. Based on the total mass of the powder raw material (100%), the mass fractions of each component are as follows:

[0065] The composition consists of 60% silicate cement, 30% quartz sand, 1% reinforcing component, 3% active component, 2% hydrophobic component, 1% expansive component, 1% nano component, 0.1% water-reducing agent, 1% thickening component, and 0.9% water-retaining component.

[0066] Based on the total mass of the liquid raw material as 100%, the mass fraction of each component of the liquid raw material is as follows:

[0067] Organic emulsion 40%, water 49%, silicone waterproofing agent 1%, water glass 10%;

[0068] The silicate cement is silicate cement with a strength grade of 42.5;

[0069] The quartz sand is obtained by grading quartz sand with a particle size of 40-100 mesh and quartz sand with a particle size of 20-10 mesh in a mass ratio of 7:3;

[0070] The reinforcing component is sodium fluorosilicate;

[0071] The active component is a silicon zirconium with a molecular weight of 2000 Daltons;

[0072] The hydrophobic component is a mixture of epoxy silane powder and methyltriethoxy silane powder, wherein the mass ratio of epoxy silane powder to methyltriethoxy silane powder is 1:1.

[0073] The expansion component is a mixture of magnesium oxide, calcium oxide and calcium sulfoaluminate, wherein the mass ratio of magnesium oxide, calcium oxide and calcium sulfoaluminate is 1:1:2.

[0074] The nanocomposition has a specific surface area of ​​200 m². 2 / g of hydrophobic nano-silica;

[0075] The water-reducing agent is a polycarboxylate water-reducing agent powder with an effective solid content of 98% and a water reduction rate of 30%.

[0076] The thickening component is latex powder with a particle size of 0.04-0.2 mm and a solid content of ≥98%;

[0077] The water-retaining component is carboxymethyl starch ether;

[0078] The organosilicon waterproofing agent is potassium methylsilicate;

[0079] The water glass is sodium silicate with a modulus of 1.5;

[0080] The organic emulsion is a pure acrylic emulsion with a solid content of 55%.

[0081] A method for preparing the surface-penetrating waterproof coating described in this embodiment is provided, wherein the method involves mechanically stirring and mixing the powder and slurry evenly to obtain the coating.

[0082] Example 3

[0083] A surface-penetrating waterproof coating comprises powder and liquid components in a mass ratio of 4:1. Based on the total mass of the powder raw material (100%), the mass fractions of each component are as follows:

[0084] The composition consists of 50% silicate cement, 36.4% quartz sand, 2% reinforcing component, 1% active component, 2% hydrophobic component, 1% expansive component, 2% nano component, 0.5% water-reducing agent, 5% thickening component, and 0.1% water-retaining component.

[0085] Based on the total mass of the liquid raw material as 100%, the mass fraction of each component of the liquid raw material is as follows:

[0086] Organic emulsion 40%, water 49%, silicone waterproofing agent 10%, water glass 1%;

[0087] The silicate cement is silicate cement with a strength grade of 42.5;

[0088] The quartz sand is obtained by grading quartz sand with a particle size of 40-100 mesh and quartz sand with a particle size of 20-10 mesh in a mass ratio of 7:3;

[0089] The reinforcing component is potassium fluorosilicate;

[0090] The active component is a silicon zirconium with a molecular weight of 2000 Daltons;

[0091] The hydrophobic component is polymethylsiloxane powder;

[0092] The expansion component is a mixture of magnesium oxide, calcium oxide and calcium sulfoaluminate, wherein the mass ratio of magnesium oxide, calcium oxide and calcium sulfoaluminate is 1:1:2.

[0093] The nanocomposition has a specific surface area of ​​200 m². 2 / g of hydrophobic nano-silica;

[0094] The water-reducing agent is a polycarboxylate water-reducing agent powder with an effective solid content of 98% and a water reduction rate of 30%.

[0095] The thickening component is latex powder with a particle size of 0.04-0.2 mm and a solid content of ≥98%;

[0096] The water-retaining component is carboxymethyl starch ether;

[0097] The organosilicon waterproofing agent is potassium methylsilicate;

[0098] The water glass is sodium silicate with a modulus of 1.5;

[0099] The organic emulsion is a pure acrylic emulsion with a solid content of 45%.

[0100] A method for preparing the surface-penetrating waterproof coating described in this embodiment is provided, wherein the method involves mechanically stirring and mixing the powder and slurry evenly to obtain the coating.

[0101] Example 4

[0102] A surface-penetrating waterproof coating comprises powder and liquid components in a mass ratio of 2.8:1. Based on the total mass of the powder raw material (100%), the mass fractions of each component are as follows:

[0103] The composition consists of 50% silicate cement, 40% quartz sand, 1% reinforcing component, 3% active component, 2% hydrophobic component, 1% expansive component, 1% nano component, 0.1% water-reducing agent, 1% thickening component, and 0.9% water-retaining component.

[0104] Based on the total mass of the liquid raw material as 100%, the mass fraction of each component of the liquid raw material is as follows:

[0105] Organic emulsion 30%, water 60%, silicone waterproofing agent 5%, water glass 5%;

[0106] The silicate cement is silicate cement with a strength grade of 42.5;

[0107] The quartz sand is obtained by grading quartz sand with a particle size of 40-100 mesh and quartz sand with a particle size of 20-10 mesh in a mass ratio of 7:3;

[0108] The reinforcing component is zinc fluorosilicate;

[0109] The active component is a silicon zirconium with a molecular weight of 2000 Daltons;

[0110] The hydrophobic component is polydimethylsiloxane powder and aminosilane powder, wherein the mass ratio of polydimethylsiloxane powder to aminosilane powder is 1:1.

[0111] The expansion component is a mixture of magnesium oxide, calcium oxide and calcium sulfoaluminate, wherein the mass ratio of magnesium oxide, calcium oxide and calcium sulfoaluminate is 1:1:2.

[0112] The nanocomposition has a specific surface area of ​​200 m². 2 / g of hydrophobic nano-silica;

[0113] The water-reducing agent is a polycarboxylate water-reducing agent powder with an effective solid content of 98% and a water reduction rate of 30%.

[0114] The thickening component is latex powder with a particle size of 0.04-0.2 mm and a solid content of ≥98%;

[0115] The water-retaining component is methylcellulose ether;

[0116] The organosilicon waterproofing agent is dimethyl silicone oil;

[0117] The water glass is sodium silicate with a modulus of 1.5;

[0118] The organic emulsion is a pure acrylic emulsion with a solid content of 55%.

[0119] A method for preparing the surface-penetrating waterproof coating described in this embodiment is provided, wherein the method involves mechanically stirring and mixing the powder and slurry evenly to obtain the coating.

[0120] Example 5

[0121] A surface-penetrating waterproof coating comprises powder and liquid components in a mass ratio of 2.8:1. Based on the total mass of the powder raw material (100%), the mass fractions of each component are as follows:

[0122] The composition consists of 50% silicate cement, 40% quartz sand, 1% reinforcing component, 2% active component, 1% hydrophobic component, 3% expansive component, 1% nano component, 0.1% water-reducing agent, 1% thickening component, and 0.9% water-retaining component.

[0123] Based on the total mass of the liquid raw material as 100%, the mass fraction of each component of the liquid raw material is as follows:

[0124] 50% organic emulsion, 40% water, 5% silicone waterproofing agent, 5% water glass;

[0125] The silicate cement is silicate cement with a strength grade of 42.5;

[0126] The quartz sand is obtained by grading quartz sand with a particle size of 40-100 mesh and quartz sand with a particle size of 20-10 mesh in a mass ratio of 7:3;

[0127] The reinforcing component is a mixture of magnesium fluorosilicate and sodium fluorosilicate, wherein the mass ratio of magnesium fluorosilicate to sodium fluorosilicate is 2:1;

[0128] The active component is a silicon zirconium with a molecular weight of 2000 Daltons;

[0129] The hydrophobic component is a mixture of polysiloxane powder and polymethylsiloxane powder, wherein the mass ratio of polysiloxane powder to polymethylsiloxane powder is 1:1.

[0130] The expansion component is a mixture of magnesium oxide, calcium oxide and calcium sulfoaluminate, wherein the mass ratio of magnesium oxide, calcium oxide and calcium sulfoaluminate is 1:1:2.

[0131] The nanocomposition has a specific surface area of ​​200 m². 2 / g of hydrophobic nano-silica;

[0132] The water-reducing agent is a polycarboxylate water-reducing agent powder with an effective solid content of 98% and a water reduction rate of 30%.

[0133] The thickening component is latex powder with a particle size of 0.04-0.2 mm and a solid content of ≥98%;

[0134] The water-retaining component is a mixture of carboxymethyl starch ether and methylcellulose ether, wherein the mass ratio of carboxymethyl starch ether to methylcellulose ether is 1:1;

[0135] The organosilicon waterproofing agent is sodium methylsilicate and potassium methylsilicate, wherein the mass ratio of sodium methylsilicate to potassium methylsilicate is 1:1;

[0136] The water glass is sodium silicate with a modulus of 1.5;

[0137] The organic emulsion is a pure acrylic emulsion with a solid content of 48%.

[0138] A method for preparing the surface-penetrating waterproof coating described in this embodiment is provided, wherein the method involves mechanically stirring and mixing the powder and slurry evenly to obtain the coating.

[0139] Comparative Example 1

[0140] Oriental Rainbow Cement-Based Penetrating Crystallizing Waterproof Coating (PCC-501), wherein the coating powder and water are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:0.35.

[0141] Comparative Example 2

[0142] Patent application CN101003699A describes a cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof coating. Based on the total mass of the waterproof coating (100%), it comprises: 60.1% silicate cement, 7.3% sodium carbonate and calcium chloride active materials, 2.6% citric acid, 2% anhydrous sodium silicate as a modifier, 27% silica sand, and 1% fluorosilicic acid. The coating powder and water are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:0.35.

[0143] The coatings described in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were molded and applied to the surface of the test specimens according to the requirements of GB 18445-2012 "Cement-based Penetrating Crystalline Waterproofing Materials". The blank control group did not have any coating applied to the surface of the test specimens. Strength properties, wet substrate bond strength, mortar electrical flux, and concrete impermeability were tested, and the performance was compared with that of the test specimens without waterproof coating. The results are shown in Table 1, where "-" indicates that this test was not performed.

[0144] Table 1. Performance test results of concrete with different waterproof coatings and concrete without waterproof coatings.

[0145]

[0146] The test results show that the 28-day flexural strength, 28-day compressive strength, and wet substrate adhesion strength of the waterproof coating of this invention are higher than those of similar products on the market and the requirements of national standards. After adding the waterproof coating of this invention, the 28-day electrical flux ratio of cement concrete is significantly reduced, and the impermeability (28-day impermeability pressure of concrete with and without coating) is significantly improved. The surface-penetrating waterproof coating has excellent impermeability and waterproofing effects, weather resistance, and abrasion resistance. The waterproof components and active components can better penetrate into the interior of the concrete, thereby reducing the management and maintenance costs of concrete throughout its entire life cycle.

Claims

1. A surface-penetrating waterproof coating, characterized in that: The coating is composed of powder and liquid, with a mass ratio of powder to liquid of (2-4):1; Based on the total mass of the powder raw material as 100%, the mass fraction of each component of the powder raw material is as follows: The composition includes 50-60% silicate cement, 30-40% quartz sand, 1-2% reinforcing component, 1-3% active component, 1-2% hydrophobic component, 1-3% expansive component, 1-2% nano component, 0.1-0.5% water-reducing agent, 1-5% thickening component, and 0.1-1% water-retaining component. The reinforcing component is at least one of magnesium fluorosilicate, potassium fluorosilicate, zinc fluorosilicate, and sodium fluorosilicate. The active component is zirconium silicone; the molecular weight of the zirconium silicone is not greater than 2500 Daltons; The hydrophobic component is at least one of polysiloxane powder, polymethylsiloxane powder, polydimethylsiloxane powder, aminosilane powder, epoxysilane powder, and methyltriethoxysilane powder; The expanding component is at least one of magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, and calcium sulfoaluminate; The nano-component is nano-silica; the nano-silica is hydrophobic and has a specific surface area of ​​not less than 200 m². 2 / g; The water-reducing agent is polycarboxylate water-reducing agent powder; The thickening component is latex powder; The water-retaining component is at least one of starch ether and cellulose ether; Based on the total mass of the liquid raw material as 100%, the mass fraction of each component of the liquid raw material is as follows: Organic emulsion 30-50%, water 40-60%, silicone waterproofing agent 1-10%, water glass 1-10%; Among them, the organic emulsion is pure acrylic emulsion; the organosilicon waterproofing agent is at least one of sodium methylsilicate, potassium methylsilicate and dimethyl silicone oil; and the water glass is sodium silicate.

2. The surface-penetrating waterproof coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The silicate cement is silicate cement with a strength grade of 42.5; the quartz sand is obtained by grading quartz sand with a particle size of 40-100 mesh and quartz sand with a particle size of 20-10 mesh in a mass ratio of 7:

3.

3. The surface-penetrating waterproof coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polycarboxylate superplasticizer powder has an effective solid content of ≥98% and a water reduction rate of ≥30%.

4. The surface-penetrating waterproof coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water-retaining component is at least one of carboxymethyl starch ether and methyl cellulose ether; the latex powder has a particle size of 0.04-0.2 mm and a solid content of ≥98%.

5. The surface-penetrating waterproof coating according to claim 2, characterized in that: The molecular weight of the zirconium silicate is no greater than 2500 Daltons; the nano-silica is hydrophobic and has a specific surface area of ​​no less than 200 m². 2 / g; the polycarboxylate superplasticizer powder has an effective solid content ≥98% and a water reduction rate ≥30%; the water-retaining component is at least one of carboxymethyl starch ether and methyl cellulose ether; the latex powder has a particle size of 0.04-0.2mm and a solid content ≥98%.

6. A surface-penetrating waterproof coating according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: In the liquid raw materials, the solid content of the pure acrylic emulsion is 45-55%; the modulus of sodium silicate is 1.

5.

7. A method for preparing a surface-penetrating waterproof coating as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The method involves mechanically mixing the powder and liquid materials until they are homogeneous.

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