A debris flow retaining dam reinforcement device and reinforcement method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to a debris flow dam reinforcement device, the improvement of which is that the device includes: an anchor dam, which is a dam structure fixed to the ground; a constant resistance device, at least two constant resistance devices are arranged on the anchor dam; the constant resistance devices are arranged equidistantly, and each constant resistance device is set at the same layout angle; a ground anchor, which is fixed to the ground and arranged corresponding to the constant resistance device, and has a height difference with the anchor dam; a buffer mesh, which is a mesh; the first end of the buffer mesh is connected to the anchor dam through the constant resistance device, and the second end of the buffer mesh is fixedly connected to the ground anchor; when impacted by debris flow fluid, the buffer mesh can buffer and block the falling of sand and gravel. The energy-absorbing debris flow dam reinforcement device and method provided by the present invention absorbs and utilizes the impact kinetic energy of the debris flow, improves the impact resistance of the dam body, has a safe and reliable structure, and effectively achieves a breakthrough in the prevention and control of debris flow impact damage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of debris flow prevention and early warning, and in particular relates to a debris flow retaining dam reinforcement device and a reinforcement method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The catastrophic nature of debris flows is primarily manifested in the impact and damage caused by fluid movement on bridges, civil buildings, and tunnels. Debris flow interception projects have been increasingly used in disaster prevention and control practices. Measures to address debris flow impacts are often based on either purely "rigid" or "flexible" means. The former primarily utilizes interception dams, drainage channels, and impact-resistant rib walls constructed from various building materials, while the latter primarily utilizes deformable lightweight steel mesh to intercept solid particles and debris in debris flows. These engineering measures, which reduce the destructive force of impact, are widely used in debris flow prevention and control.

[0003] However, using "rigid" measures can lead to localized damage from the impact of large debris flows, while using "flexible" measures, due to insufficient impact resistance, will render the prevention project ineffective, making it difficult to repair in practice and unable to maintain sustainable use. Therefore, neither of the above measures can withstand the huge impact energy of multiple debris flows.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an improved technical solution to the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an energy-absorbing debris flow dam reinforcement device and method to absorb and utilize the impact kinetic energy of the debris flow, improve the impact resistance of the dam body, ensure a safe and reliable structure, and effectively achieve a breakthrough in the prevention and control of debris flow impact damage.

[0006] In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical applications:

[0007] A debris flow dam reinforcement device, the improvement of which is that the device comprises:

[0008] Anchor dam is a dam structure fixed to the ground;

[0009] Constant resistance devices, at least two of which are provided on the anchor dam; the constant resistance devices are arranged equidistantly, and each constant resistance device is provided with the same layout angle;

[0010] a ground anchor fixed to the ground, arranged corresponding to the constant resistance device, and having a height difference with the anchor dam;

[0011] The buffer mesh is a mesh; a first end of the buffer mesh is connected to the anchor dam through the constant resistance device, and a second end of the buffer mesh is fixedly connected to the ground anchor;

[0012] When impacted by debris flow fluid, the buffer mesh can buffer and block the falling of sand and rocks.

[0013] Preferably, the constant resistance device comprises:

[0014] The constant resistance device anchor pier is a columnar body with a through hole in the center; the first surface of the constant resistance device anchor pier is in contact with the back surface of the anchor dam; the back surface is the side of the anchor dam that faces away from the impact of the debris flow fluid;

[0015] An anchor plate, which is a plate-shaped object with a through hole in the center and is attached to the second surface of the anchor pier of the constant resistance device;

[0016] The steel strand anchor cable passes through the constant resistance device anchor pier and the anchor pad at the same time and is connected to the ground anchor.

[0017] Preferably, the constant resistance device further comprises:

[0018] The constant resistance sleeve is coaxially arranged outside the steel strand anchor cable; the constant resistance sleeve is a steel tubular body, and the constant resistance sleeve includes a constant resistance body coaxially arranged inside the sleeve and a mechanical sensor coaxially arranged outside the sleeve.

[0019] Preferably, the constant resistance device further comprises: a data acquisition and transmission device, which is connected to the mechanical sensor via data so as to acquire force data of the mechanical sensor and transmit the force data via a wireless network.

[0020] Preferably, the ground anchor comprises:

[0021] Ground anchor pier: The ground anchor pier is set on the ground surface and is a reinforced concrete structure; the ground anchor pier includes a steel component set on its top;

[0022] Ground anchor foundation: set in the ground;

[0023] Ground anchor rod: The ground anchor rod is a prestressed threaded steel bar; it extends vertically from the inside of the ground anchor pier through the ground anchor foundation to the ground;

[0024] The force dissipation buffer ring is a high-strength steel ring structure, which is welded to the ground anchor rod and connected to the steel component.

[0025] Preferably, the ground anchor further comprises:

[0026] The anchor pad is a plate-shaped object; the upper surface of the anchor pad is in contact with the lower surface of the anchor pier, and the lower surface of the anchor pad is in contact with the ground, and the anchor pad is fixed to the anchor foundation by bolts;

[0027] The steel casing is a sleeve structure and is coaxially arranged outside the ground anchor rod; it extends from the inside of the ground anchor pier vertically through the ground anchor pad and the ground anchor foundation to the ground.

[0028] Preferably, pressure grouting is used between the steel casing and the ground anchor bolt, the compressive strength of the grouting body is greater than 20 MPa, and the thickness of the grouting protective layer is not less than 20 mm;

[0029] The bottom surface of the anchor plate is leveled with cement mortar and is in close contact with the trench floor;

[0030] The ground anchor rod adopts prestressed threaded steel bar with a diameter of 18mm-50mm.

[0031] Preferably, the buffer mesh further comprises:

[0032] Support ropes are arranged parallel to the buffer mesh; the support ropes and the steel strand anchor cables are arranged crosswise; steel rings are passed through which the support ropes and the steel strand anchor cables are fixed to the mesh surface;

[0033] The suture rope is a steel rope; the suture rope ties the support rope to the buffer mesh.

[0034] Preferably, the binding uses a steel wire rope cross buckle with a thickness of not less than 2 mm.

[0035] The present application also provides a method for reinforcing a debris flow dam, the improvement of which is that the method comprises: step S1: surveying the terrain and engineering geological conditions at the location where the dam is to be set up, and defining the scope of the anchor dam project; step S2: clearing loose deposits at the bottom of the channel within the project scope;

[0036] Step S3: completing the drilling of ground anchors and excavation of the anchor dam foundation;

[0037] Step S4: completing the masonry work of the anchor dam, and reserving holes for the steel strand anchor cables during the masonry;

[0038] Step S5: Install the ground anchor rods and simultaneously install the buffer and force-dissipating rings;

[0039] Step S6: The first end of the NPR anchor cable is fixedly connected to the stilling ring, and the second end is passed through the anchor hole reserved in the dam body, and the steel strand, constant resistor, and force sensor are installed;

[0040] Step S7: The buffer mesh is fixed to the NPR anchor cable by suturing and tying with steel wire ropes;

[0041] Step S8: completing the prestressing of the NPR anchor cable and the tensioning installation of the mesh, and completing the pouring and sealing of the anchor end.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0043] (1) The energy-absorbing debris flow dam reinforcement device of the present invention uses the mechanical properties of the NPR constant resistance large deformation anchor cable to absorb the kinetic energy of the debris flow source, change the direction of the impact through the buffer mesh, and improve the overall structural stability of the dam. It can effectively reduce the impact speed of the debris flow on the dam, reduce the accumulated load in front of the dam, and improve the durability of the dam structure.

[0044] (2) The present invention is an energy-absorbing structure that utilizes the impact energy of debris flow sources and creatively transforms it into a positive effect of resisting impact and improving the stability of the dam body. It is an innovative idea for debris flow impact prevention and control.

[0045] (3) The structure of the device of the present invention is clear and concise, the structural force is clear, the components can be prefabricated or purchased as finished products, and can be assembled directly at the construction site. The main components are convenient to replace and repair, and the mechanical monitoring performance of the NPR anchor cable can also provide early warning of debris flow disasters. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] The drawings and the accompanying drawings, which constitute part of this application, are intended to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are intended to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. Among them:

[0047] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a debris flow retaining dam according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 This is the second schematic diagram of the overall structure of the debris flow retaining dam according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the arrangement of an anchor dam and a steel strand anchor cable according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a buffer net according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a ground anchor structure according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 6 A top view of a ground anchor structure according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 7 It is a left view of the ground anchor structure according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of a constant resistance device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the steel strand anchor cable and the buffering and force-dissipating ring according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of a steel wire rope cross buckle according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Among them: 1. Anchor dam; 2. Constant resistance device; 3. Buffer mesh; 4. Ground anchor; 5. Suture rope; 6. Support rope; 7. Steel ring; 8. Steel strand anchor cable; 9. Constant resistance device anchor pier; 10. Anchor pad; 11. Constant resistance sleeve; 12. Mechanical sensor; 13. Data acquisition and transmission device; 14. Ground anchor rod; 15. Steel casing; 16. Ground anchor pier; 17. Ground anchor pad; 18. Bolt; 19. Buffer force dissipation ring; 20. Constant resistance body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0059] In the description of the present invention, the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and do not require that the present invention must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be understood as limitations on the present invention. The terms "connected" and "connected" used in the present invention should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate component. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0060] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0061] The catastrophic nature of debris flows is primarily manifested in the impact and damage caused by fluid movement on bridges, civil buildings, and tunnels. Debris flow interception projects have been increasingly used in disaster prevention and control practices. Measures to address debris flow impacts are often based on either purely "rigid" or "flexible" means. The former primarily utilizes interception dams, drainage channels, and impact-resistant rib walls constructed from various building materials, while the latter primarily utilizes deformable lightweight steel mesh to intercept solid particles and debris in debris flows, focusing on engineering measures to reduce the destructive force of impact. Both are widely used in debris flow prevention and control projects. However, the former can cause localized damage due to the impact of large boulders, while the latter's insufficient impact resistance can lead to failure of prevention and control projects, making them difficult to repair in practice. Both are unable to withstand the tremendous impact energy of multiple debris flows.

[0062] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an improved technical solution to the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art.

[0063] In response to the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides an energy-absorbing debris flow dam reinforcement device and method, which can absorb and utilize the impact kinetic energy of the debris flow, improve the impact resistance of the dam body, and ensure a safe and reliable structure, effectively achieving a breakthrough in the prevention and control of debris flow impact damage.

[0064] In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical applications:

[0065] A debris flow dam reinforcement device includes an anchor dam, an NPR anchor cable structure, a buffer mesh and a ground anchor. The design of the anchor dam foundation must meet the anti-overturning and anti-slip requirements of the debris flow dam, and the corresponding number of ground anchors and the foundation burial depth must be determined based on the dam body width design and the number of NPR anchor holes, anchor cable layout angle and position. After the construction of the ground anchor and anchor dam is completed, the NPR anchor cable structure is installed, and the constant resistance sleeve is extended into the steel pipe pre-buried in the anchor hole. The steel strand anchor cable passes through the constant resistance body pre-laid in the constant resistance sleeve. One end of the steel strand anchor cable is fixed to the upper component of the ground anchor, and the other end is temporarily fixed to the outside of the anchor pier through a clip; the top and bottom of the prefabricated high-strength steel cable net are connected by steel strand support ropes, and the left and right boundaries are sutured to the NPR anchor cable through steel cables. The NPR anchor cable and steel cable net are then tensioned and fixed, and the anchor is sealed after the mechanical sensor is debugged.

[0066] A debris flow dam reinforcement method includes: after examining the geological environment in which debris flows develop, the installation location of the aforementioned device is selected based on the debris flow's development. Based on this, the impact force of the debris flow that may act on the buffer mesh is calculated, and the specifications of the buffer mesh and the installation location of the ground anchor are determined. The aforementioned energy-absorbing debris flow dam reinforcement device is installed, and a preload is applied to the NPR anchor cable before installing the monitoring system. The reinforcement device of the present invention can improve the efficiency of debris flow dams and can be used to monitor on-site debris flow impact data. The device has high compatibility and can be widely used for debris flow disaster prevention and early warning.

[0067] The anchor dam involved in this application is located in the middle of a debris flow channel accumulation area. Ground anchors corresponding to the anchor dam are buried in the channel floor above the water-facing side of the anchor dam. NPR anchor cables are connected to the ground anchors at regular intervals through the middle and upper part of the anchor dam, forming a retaining dam reinforcement system. A buffer mesh is laterally linked to the NPR anchor cables, transmitting the impact force of fluid and rocks upstream of the debris flow to the NPR anchor cables. A monitoring system is used to collect information data on the debris flow impact force and to determine the stress condition of the reinforcement device based on the monitoring data.

[0068] The NPR material used in this application stands for Negative Poisson's Ratio, or negative Poisson's ratio material. It's generally accepted that almost all materials, such as rubber, aluminum, copper, and typical polymer foams, have positive Poisson's ratios, meaning they contract laterally when stretched. A negative Poisson's ratio material, on the other hand, expands laterally within its elastic range when stretched, while contracting laterally when compressed.

[0069] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a debris flow dam reinforcement device, the improvement of which is that the device includes an anchor dam, a constant resistance device, a ground anchor and a buffer mesh, wherein:

[0070] The anchor dam 1 is a dam structure fixed to the ground. Specifically, in one embodiment of the present application: the structure of the anchor dam is a reinforced concrete structure, wherein the concrete strength is not less than C25. The spacing of the NPR anchor holes reserved on the anchor dam depends on the width of the dam body. In the present application, the minimum spacing of the NPR anchor holes is 1.5m, and the maximum spacing does not exceed 5m. The size of the NPR anchor hole is designed to be 73cm-150cm, and a steel pipe 100 is arranged in the NPR anchor hole for better subsequent fixing of the anchor cable. The outer diameter of the steel pipe is 60.3mm-139.70mm, and the wall thickness of the steel pipe is 4mm-5mm.

[0071] The constant resistance device 2, according to the design of the anchor dam, is provided with at least two constant resistance devices 2 on the anchor dam; the constant resistance devices are arranged equidistantly, and each constant resistance device is provided with the same layout angle. Specifically, in order to make the buffer mesh 3 bear the force more evenly so that it can bear more impact force, the constant resistance devices need to be arranged equidistantly on the anchor dam. At the same time, because there is a height difference between the anchor dam and the ground anchor, in order to make the tension generated by the constant resistance device 2 act more effectively on the buffer mesh 3, each constant resistance device 2 needs to be provided with the same layout angle as the ground to ensure that the constant resistance device 2 is placed on the same plane. In one embodiment of the present application, four constant resistance devices 2 are provided on the anchor dam 1. The lateral arrangement spacing of the constant resistance devices is 1.5m-4m. The constant resistance device 2 is tensioned and fixed to the ground anchor through the anchor hole reserved in the anchor dam 1.

[0072] like Figure 3 As shown, the constant resistance device includes:

[0073] The constant resistance device anchor pier 9 is a column with a through hole at its center. A first surface of the constant resistance device anchor pier 9 abuts against the back surface of the anchor dam 1. The back surface is the side of the anchor dam facing away from the debris flow fluid. The shape of the constant resistance device anchor pier 9 is not limited, as long as it serves to connect and secure the steel strand anchor cable 8 to the anchor dam 1. The constant resistance device anchor pier 9 can be a cylinder or a quadrangular prism. In this application, a truncated cone structure is employed.

[0074] Anchor plate 10, adopting NPR anchor plate, is attached to the second surface of the anchor pier;

[0075] The steel strand anchor cable 8 passes through the constant resistance device anchor pier 9 and the anchor pad 10 at the same time and is connected to the ground anchor 4.

[0076] The constant resistance sleeve 11 is coaxially arranged outside the steel strand anchor cable 8 and is a steel tubular body that can wrap the steel strand anchor cable 8. The constant resistance sleeve 11 includes a constant resistance body 20 coaxially arranged inside the sleeve and a mechanical sensor 12 arranged outside the sleeve.

[0077] Specifically, such as Figure 6As shown, the steel strand anchor cable 8 adopts an NPR anchor cable; wherein the constant resistance sleeve 11 is made of steel, and its inner diameter is 1mm-5mm smaller than the steel pipe 100 set in the NPR anchor hole for easy installation; the constant resistance body 20 is a steel cone-shaped component. The radial dimension of the small diameter end of the constant resistance body 20 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the constant resistance sleeve 11, which is convenient for the installation of the constant resistance body 20. The radial dimension of the large diameter end of the constant resistance body 3 is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the constant resistance sleeve 11 to achieve the NPR effect. The constant resistance body 3 is provided with a plurality of axial through-holes (not shown in the figure) to facilitate the subsequent passage of each steel strand. The length of the constant resistance body 20 is designed according to actual conditions. One end of the steel strand anchor cable 8 passes through the constant resistance device anchor pier 9 and the anchor pad 10, and at the same time passes through and is fixed to the constant resistance body 20; the other end of the steel strand anchor cable 8 is connected to the ground anchor. The steel strand anchor cable 8 uses 1×7 steel strands with a diameter of 9.5mm, 12.7mm, 15.2mm or 17.8mm to form an NPR anchor cable, that is, 7 steel strands are twisted into one strand of anchor cable. After the steel strand anchor cable 8 is tensioned, the constant resistance sleeve 11 tightly fits the mechanical sensor 12 on the anchor pier 9 through the anchor pad 10. Specifically, the mechanical sensor 12 is correspondingly sleeved on the outside of the constant resistance sleeve 11. A thread is set at the end of the constant resistance sleeve 11 that extends out of the NPR anchor hole and is equipped with a nut. When the nut is tightened, the nut can squeeze the mechanical sensor at the opening of the NPR anchor hole.

[0078] The constant resistance device further includes a data acquisition and transmission device 13, which is connected to the force sensor via a data link to collect force data from the force sensor and transmit the force data via a wireless network. An external power device provides power to the data acquisition and transmission device 13. Preferably, a solar panel is used to convert thermal energy into electrical energy, which is stored in a battery in the data acquisition and transmission device 13 for use in charging and discharging.

[0079] The ground anchor is fixed to the ground and spaced apart from the anchor dam at a height difference. Specifically, in one embodiment of the present application, the spacing between the ground anchor and the anchor dam is determined based on the terrain and the height of the dam, typically ranging from 10m to 30m. Regarding the height setting, the ground anchor is approximately 1m to 1.5m above the ground surface. The height of the anchor dam should be designed based on actual conditions and should be at least 6m.

[0080] like Figure 5 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the ground anchor used in the embodiment of the present application includes:

[0081] Ground anchor pier 16: It is set on the ground surface and uses a reinforced concrete structure. The ground anchor pier 16 includes a steel component set on its top. The steel component is pre-buried on the top of the anchor pier for connection with the subsequent force dissipation ring.

[0082] Ground anchor foundation: set underground;

[0083] Anchor rod 14: The anchor rod 14 is a prestressed threaded steel bar; it extends from the inside of the anchor pier through the anchor foundation to the ground;

[0084] The force dissipation and buffering ring 19 is a high-strength steel ring structure, which is welded to the anchor rod 14 and connected to the steel component.

[0085] The ground anchor pad 17 is a plate-shaped object; the upper surface of the ground anchor pad 17 is in contact with the lower surface of the ground anchor pier 16, and the lower surface of the ground anchor pad 17 is in contact with the ground; and the ground anchor pad 17 is fixed to the ground anchor foundation by four bolts 18;

[0086] The steel casing 15 is a sleeve structure and is coaxially arranged outside the ground anchor rod; it extends from the inside of the ground anchor pier vertically through the ground anchor pad 17 and the ground anchor foundation to the ground.

[0087] Pressure grouting is used between the steel casing 15 and the anchor rod 14, the compressive strength of the grouting body is greater than 20 MPa, and the thickness of the grout protection layer is not less than 20 mm;

[0088] The bottom surface of the anchor plate 17 is leveled with cement mortar and is in close contact with the trench ground.

[0089] The anchor rod 14 is designed with a Class I protective structure and is a prestressed threaded steel bar with a diameter of 18mm-50mm.

[0090] In the above-mentioned ground anchor structure, the ground anchor pier 16 and its anchor pier foundation use reinforced concrete structure. The anchor rod 14 uses 15mm-50mm diameter fine-rolled threaded steel bars and is designed with Class I protective structure. In engineering construction, the Class I protective structure design is a specification, and those skilled in the art will carry out construction accordingly. Pressure grouting is used between the steel casing 15 arranged outside the anchor rod 14 and the anchor rod 14. The compressive strength of the grouting body is greater than 20MPa, and the thickness of the grouting protective layer is not less than 20mm. A ring-shaped steel member is embedded on the top of the ground anchor pier 16. The ground anchor pad 17 is a steel plate with a thickness of not less than 10mm. The bottom surface is leveled with M20 cement mortar and is close to the bottom surface of the channel. The top is close to the bottom surface of the anchor pier 16 and is fixed to the ground anchor foundation by 4 bolts.

[0091] In order to connect the several NPR anchor cables set on the upper part of the anchor dam to the ground anchor 4 located at a certain distance from the water-facing surface, the drilling depth of the ground anchor 4 should be 1-2 meters deep into the medium (weakly) weathered bedrock layer. The water-facing surface is the side where the debris flow hits the dam body.

[0092] Buffer mesh, such as Figure 4 As shown, the buffer mesh 3 is a mesh formed by splicing together multiple single mesh bodies, each of which is a closed ring mesh woven from multiple strands of steel wire. The first end of the buffer mesh 3 is connected to the anchor dam 1 via the constant resistance device 2, and the second end of the buffer mesh is fixedly connected to the ground anchor 4.

[0093] The buffer mesh 3 is fixed by tying with the steel strand anchor cable 8 through the suture rope 5, the support rope 6 and the steel ring 7.

[0094] The buffer mesh also includes:

[0095] Support rope 6, the support rope 6 is arranged parallel to the buffer mesh; the support rope 6 is arranged crosswise with the steel strand anchor rope 8;

[0096] Steel ring 7, the support rope 6 and the steel strand anchor cable 8 are all passed through the steel ring 7 and fixed on the mesh surface;

[0097] The suture rope 5 is a steel rope; the suture rope ties the support rope 6 to the buffer mesh.

[0098] The buffer mesh 3 is fixed by tying with the steel strand anchor cable 8 of the NPR constant resistance structure through the suture rope 5 and the steel ring 7.

[0099] The buffer mesh used in the embodiment provided in this application is a wire rope mesh. It is first woven from high-strength, corrosion-resistant steel wires to form independent meshes, and then sewn and spliced ​​from the edges of the independent meshes using suture ropes 5. During suturing, it is necessary to simultaneously secure the steel strand anchor cables 8 to the buffer mesh. The securing position is not limited. The steel strand anchor cables 8 can be sewn to the splicing of the independent meshes or to the center of the independent meshes to achieve the desired effect of securing the meshes.

[0100] To better support the cushioning mesh, support ropes 6 are provided in this application, intersecting the steel strand anchor cables 8. The intersecting angle is not limited, as long as the support effect is achieved. Preferably, in one embodiment of this application, the support ropes 6 and the steel strand anchor cables 8 are arranged at a 90° angle. Suture ropes 5 are used to suture the edges of the individual mesh panels.

[0101] In order to sew the buffer mesh 3, support rope 6 and steel strand anchor cable 8 more tightly, the present application also sets a steel ring 7 at the intersection of the support rope 6 and steel strand anchor cable 8. When suturing, the support rope 6 and steel strand anchor cable 8 are passed through the steel ring 7, and the buffer mesh 3, support rope 6 and steel strand anchor cable 8 are connected with the suturing rope 5. When the suturing is completed and the finishing tying work is carried out, a steel wire rope cross buckle specially used for the buffer mesh and with a thickness of not less than 2mm should be used, such as Figure 10As shown, the cross-junction of the suture rope 5 and the support rope 6 is fixed with the steel wire rope cross buckle. Preferably, a vacuum zinc infiltration process can be used to form a zinc-iron alloy protective coating on the buckle surface.

[0102] The buffer mesh is flat and has a thickness of about 16mm. The specifications depend on the horizontal spacing and laying length of the NPR anchor cables. Generally, the longitudinal breaking strength per linear meter is not less than 10kN. The linear meter is the length measurement method used when calculating the price of the buffer mesh, which is used to express a unit of measurement for length. The diameter of the steel wire is not less than 3mm, and the strength of the single wire is not less than 1770N / mm. 2 , using zinc-aluminum rare earth alloy anti-corrosion technology. Suture rope 5 must comply with the provisions of GB / T20118 steel wire rope standard. Its steel wire strength should not be less than 1770MPa, the hot-dip galvanizing grade should not be less than AB grade, and the diameter of the suture rope should be 8mm.

[0103] like Figure 9 As shown, the end of the stranded anchor cable 8 is folded in half, formed into a loop, and tied with two or three rope clips to facilitate connection with the force-dissipating buffer ring 19 on the ground anchor 4. The anchor cable is arranged at an angle of 15-25 degrees. When the debris flow impacts, the buffer mesh can block and cushion the falling sand and rocks.

[0104] The present application also relates to a method for reinforcing a debris flow dam, the improvement of which is that the method comprises:

[0105] Step S1: Conduct a survey of the topography and engineering geology at the anchor dam site to define the layout scope of the anchor dam 1 project. Specifically, based on the debris flow hazard characteristics and engineering geology of the dam, the construction area is demarcated and laid out. The anchor dam foundation design must meet the anti-overturning and anti-slip requirements of the debris flow barrier dam. The number of ground anchors and the foundation burial depth must be determined based on the dam width design, the number of NPR anchor holes, and the angle and position of the anchor cables.

[0106] Step S2: Clearing the loose deposits at the bottom of the ditch within the scope of the project; specifically, clearing the loose deposits at the bottom of the ditch within the scope of the project, and laying out and positioning the anchor dam axis and the ground anchor axis.

[0107] Step S3: Complete the drilling of the ground anchor 4 and the foundation excavation of the anchor dam 1; specifically, perform foundation excavation of the anchor dam and the ground anchor, drill holes for the anchor rods, and prefabricate the buffer mesh, NPR anchor cables, ground anchor piers 16, anchor rods 14, and ground anchor pads 17.

[0108] Step S4: completing the masonry work of the anchor dam 4, and reserving holes for the steel strand anchor cables 8 during the masonry, that is, reserving holes for the NPR anchor cables; specifically, constructing the anchor dam according to the dam body design requirements, and pre-embedding steel pipes to the NPR anchor cable holes.

[0109] Step S5: Install the ground anchor rods and simultaneously lay out the buffer and force-dissipating rings; specifically, grout the ground anchor rods and anchor them in the holes, cast the ground anchor foundation into the ground, and fix the ground anchor pad to the ground anchor foundation with four bolts; tie the anchor pier steel bars, cast the surface anchor pier components in place, and complete the construction of the ground anchor rods, anchor pads, and anchor pads.

[0110] Step S6: Fix the first end of the NPR anchor cable to the force dissipation ring, pass the first end through the reserved anchor hole of the dam body, and complete the installation of the steel strand, constant resistor, and mechanical sensor; specifically: install the NPR anchor cable constant resistance sleeve into the reserved steel pipe; connect the NPR anchor cable to the constant resistance body and then install it into the constant resistance sleeve; one end of the NPR anchor cable is connected to the reserved structure of the ground anchor through a high-strength steel bayonet, and the other end is connected and fixed to the NPR anchor pier through a clip.

[0111] Step S7: Secure the buffer mesh to the NPR anchor cable by sewing and tying with steel wire ropes. Specifically, install support ropes 6 at the connection between the buffer mesh and the anchor dam 1 as boundary ropes for the buffer mesh. After tensioning, use 2-4 rope clips to securely connect the two ends to the NPR anchor cable.

[0112] Install the independent meshes from top to bottom, with the charging width of the two independent meshes not less than 20cm; use steel ropes to sew the independent meshes to form a buffer mesh, and use rope clips to fix the buffer mesh to the NPR anchor cable.

[0113] Step S8: Complete the prestressing of the NPR anchor cable and the installation of the buffer mesh, and then cast the anchor at the anchor end. Specifically, loosen the NPR anchor cable clips, use the anchor to tension and prestress the NPR anchor cable, and adjust the buffer mesh to ensure its flatness. After tensioning is completed, secure the NPR anchor cable, anchor pad, and force sensor to the anchor pier, and cast concrete to seal the anchor.

[0114] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the pending claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A debris flow dam reinforcement device, characterized in that: The device comprises: Anchor dam is a dam structure fixed to the ground; Constant resistance devices, at least two of which are provided on the anchor dam; the constant resistance devices are arranged equidistantly, and each constant resistance device is provided with the same layout angle; a ground anchor fixed to the ground, arranged corresponding to the constant resistance device, and having a height difference with the anchor dam; The buffer mesh is a mesh; a first end of the buffer mesh is connected to the anchor dam through the constant resistance device, and a second end of the buffer mesh is fixedly connected to the ground anchor; When impacted by debris flow, the buffer mesh can buffer and block the falling of sand and rocks; The constant resistance device comprises: The constant resistance device anchor pier is a columnar body with a through hole in the center; the first surface of the constant resistance device anchor pier is in contact with the back surface of the anchor dam; the back surface is the side of the anchor dam that faces away from the impact of the debris flow fluid; An anchor plate, which is a plate-shaped object with a through hole in the center and is attached to the second surface of the anchor pier of the constant resistance device; A steel strand anchor cable passes through the constant resistance device anchor pier and the anchor pad and is connected to the ground anchor; The buffer mesh also includes: A support rope is arranged parallel to the buffer mesh; the support rope is arranged crosswise with the steel strand anchor cable; A steel ring through which the support rope and the steel strand anchor cable are passed and fixed to the mesh surface; Suture rope, which is a steel rope; the suture rope is used to tie the support rope to the buffer mesh; The binding uses a steel wire rope cross buckle with a thickness of not less than 2 mm.

2. The debris flow dam reinforcement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The constant resistance device further comprises: The constant resistance sleeve is coaxially arranged outside the steel strand anchor cable; the constant resistance sleeve is a steel tubular body, and the constant resistance sleeve includes a constant resistance body coaxially arranged inside the sleeve and a mechanical sensor coaxially arranged outside the sleeve.

3. The debris flow dam reinforcement device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The constant resistance device further includes: a data acquisition and transmission device, which is connected to the mechanical sensor via data so as to acquire force data of the mechanical sensor and transmit the force data via a wireless network.

4. The debris flow dam reinforcement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ground anchor comprises: Ground anchor pier: The ground anchor pier is set on the ground surface and is a reinforced concrete structure; the ground anchor pier includes a steel component set on its top; Ground anchor foundation: set in the ground; Ground anchor rod: The ground anchor rod is a prestressed threaded steel bar; it extends vertically from the inside of the ground anchor pier through the ground anchor foundation to the ground; The force dissipation buffer ring is a high-strength steel ring structure, which is welded to the ground anchor rod and connected to the steel component.

5. The debris flow dam reinforcement device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ground anchor also includes: The anchor pad is a plate-shaped object; the upper surface of the anchor pad is in contact with the lower surface of the anchor pier, and the lower surface of the anchor pad is in contact with the ground, and the anchor pad is fixed to the anchor foundation by bolts; The steel casing is a sleeve structure and is coaxially arranged outside the ground anchor rod; it extends from the inside of the ground anchor pier vertically through the ground anchor pad and the ground anchor foundation to the ground.

6. The debris flow dam reinforcement device according to claim 5, characterized in that: Pressure grouting is used between the steel casing and the ground anchor bolt, the compressive strength of the grouting body is greater than 20 MPa, and the thickness of the grout protection layer is not less than 20 mm; The bottom surface of the anchor plate is leveled with cement mortar and is in close contact with the trench floor; The ground anchor rod adopts prestressed threaded steel bar with a diameter of 18mm-50mm.

7. A debris flow dam reinforcement method applied to the debris flow dam reinforcement device according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that: The method comprises: Step S1: Conduct a survey of the topography and engineering geological conditions at the dam site, and define the layout scope of the anchor dam project; Step S2: Clearing loose deposits at the bottom of the trench within the scope of the project; Step S3: completing the drilling of ground anchors and excavation of the anchor dam foundation; Step S4: completing the masonry work of the anchor dam, and reserving holes for the steel strand anchor cables during the masonry; Step S5: Install the ground anchor rods and simultaneously install the buffer and force-dissipating rings; Step S6: The first end of the NPR anchor cable is fixedly connected to the stilling ring, and the second end is passed through the anchor hole reserved in the dam body, and the steel strand, constant resistor, and force sensor are installed; Step S7: The buffer mesh is fixed to the NPR anchor cable by suturing and tying with steel wire ropes; Step S8: completing the prestressing of the NPR anchor cable and the tensioning installation of the mesh, and completing the pouring and sealing of the anchor end.

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