Modular Passive Temperature Control Design Optimization Method and System for Single-Faced Photovoltaic Modules

Abstract

This invention provides a modular passive temperature control design optimization method and system for single-sided photovoltaic modules. Based on typical daily meteorological parameters throughout the year, the first heat transferred from the back of the photovoltaic module to the modular passive temperature control device is obtained based on the energy conservation relationship. The second heat transferred from the back of the photovoltaic module to the modular passive temperature control device is obtained based on the heat storage of the phase change material and the heat dissipation of the heat pipe under a set evaporation section area calculated based on the equivalent thermal conductivity. Iterative calculations are performed to obtain the photovoltaic module backsheet temperature such that the difference between the first and second heat is less than a set threshold. The obtained photovoltaic module backsheet temperature guides the configuration of phase change parameters and heat pipe parameters. This invention, by changing the parameters and configuration of the phase change material and heat pipe, enables the modular temperature control device to adapt to the temperature control requirements of photovoltaic modules under different climatic and solar radiation conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation technology, and in particular to a modular passive temperature control design optimization method and system for single-sided photovoltaic modules. Background Technology

[0002] The statements in this section are merely background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Crystalline silicon cells are currently the mainstream of solar cell power generation. Under otherwise unchanged conditions, temperature is one of the factors that leads to the degradation of power generation efficiency. Therefore, controlling the temperature of photovoltaic modules is of great significance to improving their working efficiency. Using phase change thermal storage for temperature control is one of the commonly used methods.

[0004] The inventors discovered that most existing methods of temperature control using phase change thermal storage can only adapt to relatively simple environments or achieve good temperature control effects only under specific environmental conditions. For different environments, it is often necessary to select phase change materials and heat pipe parameters accordingly. Simply relying on manual subjective selection often fails to obtain the optimal parameter configuration, thereby affecting the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic modules. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a modular passive temperature control design optimization method and system for single-sided photovoltaic modules. By changing the parameters and configuration of phase change materials and heat pipes, the modular temperature control device can adapt to the temperature control requirements of photovoltaic modules under different climate and solar radiation conditions.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] The first aspect of this invention provides a modular passive temperature control design optimization method for single-sided photovoltaic modules.

[0008] A modular passive temperature control design optimization method for a single-sided photovoltaic module, wherein the backsheet of the photovoltaic module is equipped with a modular passive temperature control device including a heat pipe and a phase change material, comprising the following processes:

[0009] Obtain typical daily meteorological parameters for the entire year in the location where the photovoltaic modules are used;

[0010] Based on meteorological parameters of typical days throughout the year, the first heat transferred from the back of the photovoltaic module to the modular passive temperature control device is obtained based on the energy conservation relationship.

[0011] Based on the heat storage capacity of the phase change material and the heat dissipation of the heat pipe under the set evaporation section area calculated based on the equivalent thermal conductivity, the second heat transferred from the back of the photovoltaic module to the modular passive temperature control device is obtained.

[0012] Iterative calculations are performed to obtain the photovoltaic module backsheet temperature that makes the difference between the first heat and the second heat less than a set threshold. The obtained photovoltaic module backsheet temperature guides the configuration of phase change parameters and heat pipe parameters.

[0013] As a further limitation of the first aspect of the present invention, the phase change temperature of the phase change material is higher than the air temperature at the location where the photovoltaic module is used, and the phase change temperature of the phase change material is lower than the maximum operating temperature of the photovoltaic module.

[0014] As a further limitation of the first aspect of the present invention, a U-shaped flat heat pipe is used, with the condensation section placed in the air and the surface of the evaporation section in contact with the backsheet of the photovoltaic module and the phase change material, respectively.

[0015] As a further limitation of the first aspect of the present invention, the energy conservation relationship includes:

[0016] ;

[0017] in, The intensity of solar radiation. For the emissivity of the glass surface of photovoltaic modules, The surface absorptivity of the photovoltaic module. The temperature of the sky's radiation. The convective heat transfer coefficient of the photovoltaic module surface. For air temperature, The initial temperature of the photovoltaic module. The first heat transferred from the backsheet of the photovoltaic module to the modular passive temperature control device. This refers to the temperature of the backsheet of the photovoltaic module.

[0018] As a further limitation of the first aspect of the invention, the second heat includes:

[0019] ;

[0020] in, Indicates the mass of the phase change material. This refers to the melting temperature of the phase change material. The enthalpy of phase change materials. For heat pipe thermal resistance, The initial temperature of the photovoltaic module. This indicates the specific heat capacity of the phase change material.

[0021] A second aspect of the present invention provides a modular passive temperature control design optimization system for single-sided photovoltaic modules.

[0022] A modular passive temperature control design optimization system for a single-sided photovoltaic module, wherein the backsheet of the photovoltaic module is equipped with a modular passive temperature control device including a heat pipe and a phase change material, comprising:

[0023] The data acquisition module is configured to acquire typical daily meteorological parameters for the entire year at the location where the photovoltaic modules are used.

[0024] The first heat calculation module is configured to: obtain the first heat transferred from the back of the photovoltaic module to the modular passive temperature control device based on the energy conservation relationship, according to the meteorological parameters of typical days throughout the year;

[0025] The second heat calculation module is configured to: obtain the second heat transferred from the back of the photovoltaic module to the modular passive temperature control device based on the heat storage of the phase change material and the heat dissipation of the heat pipe under the set evaporation section area calculated based on the equivalent thermal conductivity.

[0026] The iterative calculation optimization module is configured to: perform iterative calculations to obtain the photovoltaic module backsheet temperature that makes the difference between the first heat and the second heat less than a set threshold, and guide the configuration of phase change parameters and heat pipe parameters based on the obtained photovoltaic module backsheet temperature.

[0027] As a further limitation of the second aspect of the invention, the energy conservation relationship includes:

[0028] ;

[0029] in, The intensity of solar radiation. For the emissivity of the glass surface of photovoltaic modules, The surface absorptivity of the photovoltaic module. The temperature of the sky's radiation. The convective heat transfer coefficient of the photovoltaic module surface. For air temperature, The initial temperature of the photovoltaic module. The first heat transferred from the backsheet of the photovoltaic module to the modular passive temperature control device. This refers to the temperature of the backsheet of the photovoltaic module.

[0030] As a further limitation of the second aspect of the invention, the second heat includes:

[0031] ;

[0032] in, Indicates the mass of the phase change material. This refers to the melting temperature of the phase change material. The enthalpy of phase change materials. For heat pipe thermal resistance, The initial temperature of the photovoltaic module. This indicates the specific heat capacity of the phase change material.

[0033] A third aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the modular passive temperature control design optimization method for single-sided photovoltaic modules as described in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0034] The fourth aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the steps in the modular passive temperature control design optimization method for single-sided photovoltaic modules as described in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0036] 1. This invention innovatively proposes a modular passive temperature control design optimization method and system for single-sided photovoltaic modules. Based on iterative calculation, by changing the parameters and configuration of phase change materials and heat pipes, the modular temperature control device can adapt to the temperature control requirements of photovoltaic modules under different climate and solar radiation conditions.

[0037] 2. This invention innovatively proposes a modular passive temperature control design optimization method and system for single-sided photovoltaic modules. Based on phase change heat storage, the heat pipe improves the heat transfer rate of the phase change material during the day and releases heat into the air through the condensation section, resulting in a better temperature control effect than temperature control by the phase change material alone.

[0038] 3. This invention innovatively proposes a modular passive temperature control design optimization method and system for single-sided photovoltaic modules. Even if the phase change material melts completely, the temperature of the photovoltaic module will not drop. The temperature of the photovoltaic module will be reduced through the heat pipe, thereby increasing the power generation of the photovoltaic module.

[0039] 4. This invention innovatively proposes a modular passive temperature control design optimization method and system for single-sided photovoltaic modules. When there is no solar radiation at night, the heat pipe can improve the solidification rate of the phase change material, which can help the phase change material temperature recover and ensure the operating effect the next day. Attached Figure Description

[0040] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the calculation process for the modular passive temperature control design optimization method for single-sided photovoltaic modules provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the heat transfer principle of the modular passive temperature control device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 A comparison of the passive temperature control device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention with the temperature control effect and power generation of simple phase change device. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0045] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0046] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0047] Where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0048] Example 1:

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a modular passive temperature control design optimization method for a single-sided photovoltaic module. The backsheet of the photovoltaic module is provided with a modular passive temperature control device including a heat pipe and a phase change material, and includes the following process:

[0050] Obtain typical daily meteorological parameters for the entire year in the location where the photovoltaic modules are used;

[0051] Based on meteorological parameters of typical days throughout the year, the first heat transferred from the back of the photovoltaic module to the modular passive temperature control device is obtained based on the energy conservation relationship.

[0052] Based on the heat storage capacity of the phase change material and the heat dissipation of the heat pipe under the set evaporation section area calculated based on the equivalent thermal conductivity, the second heat transferred from the back of the photovoltaic module to the modular passive temperature control device is obtained.

[0053] Iterative calculations are performed to obtain the photovoltaic module backsheet temperature that makes the difference between the first heat and the second heat less than a set threshold. The obtained photovoltaic module backsheet temperature guides the configuration of phase change parameters and heat pipe parameters.

[0054] In this embodiment, a heat pipe is introduced on the basis of traditional phase change temperature control. By using a U-shaped flat heat pipe, one side (condensation section) is placed in the air, and the surface of the other side (evaporation section) contacts the back of the photovoltaic module and the phase change material respectively, which can effectively expand the heat transfer channel of the photovoltaic module and the phase change material.

[0055] In this embodiment, the size of the modular passive temperature control device can be determined according to the size of the photovoltaic module's solar panel, realizing a modular design. Multiple temperature control devices can be combined and arranged to be suitable for temperature control of photovoltaic modules of different sizes, achieving better temperature control effect and improving the heat generation of photovoltaic modules.

[0056] In this embodiment, by designing and calculating, the parameters and configuration of the phase change material and heat pipe are changed, enabling the modular temperature control device to adapt to the temperature control requirements of photovoltaic modules under different climates and solar radiation conditions. The specific design and calculation process is as follows:

[0057] Obtain typical daily meteorological parameters for the location where the photovoltaic modules are used throughout the year, including average daytime and nighttime temperatures, average wind speed, average solar radiation irradiance, and power generation time.

[0058] When selecting a suitable phase change material, its phase change temperature must be higher than the local air temperature but lower than the maximum operating temperature of the photovoltaic module. After the material is selected, other thermophysical parameters, including thermal conductivity and latent heat, can be obtained.

[0059] Temperature control capability calculation includes:

[0060] Calculate the space of the photovoltaic module backsheet, that is, the area enclosed by the backsheet and the frame, and leave 15cm installation space on each side to obtain the maximum space for installing the passive temperature control device.

[0061] The amount of phase change material (PCM) used must be determined within the maximum installation space, taking into account cost and load-bearing capacity. Assuming a backplate temperature, the heat storage capacity of the PCM is calculated based on the heat storage temperature difference and latent heat of phase change.

[0062] = ;

[0063] Dividing the heat storage of the phase change material by the power generation time yields the heat absorbed by the phase change material. At the same time, the heat dissipation of the heat pipe under the set evaporation section area is calculated based on the equivalent thermal conductivity. The two are added together to obtain the heat transferred from the photovoltaic module to the passive temperature control device.

[0064] The trial-and-error algorithm is adopted to deduce the temperature control effect and power generation improvement efficiency based on the one-dimensional steady-state heat transfer and heat conservation of photovoltaic modules, and it is iterated repeatedly until convergence.

[0065] For photovoltaic modules, the energy conservation relationship is as follows:

[0066] (1)

[0067] in, The intensity of solar radiation. For the emissivity of the glass surface of photovoltaic modules, The surface absorptivity of the photovoltaic module. T sky The temperature of the sky's radiation. The convective heat transfer coefficient of the photovoltaic module surface. For air temperature, The initial temperature of the photovoltaic module can be calculated based on the average air temperature. The first heat transferred from the back of the photovoltaic module to the passive temperature control device.

[0068] Ignoring the sensible heat after melting, the second heat The calculation is as follows:

[0069] (2)

[0070] in, For the quality of phase change materials, The specific heat capacity of the phase change material. This refers to the melting temperature of the phase change material. The enthalpy of phase change materials. Heat pipe thermal resistance.

[0071] Example 2:

[0072] Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a modular passive temperature control design optimization system for a single-sided photovoltaic module. The back panel of the photovoltaic module is provided with a modular passive temperature control device including a heat pipe and a phase change material, comprising:

[0073] The data acquisition module is configured to acquire typical daily meteorological parameters for the entire year at the location where the photovoltaic modules are used.

[0074] The first heat calculation module is configured to: obtain the first heat transferred from the back of the photovoltaic module to the modular passive temperature control device based on the energy conservation relationship, according to the meteorological parameters of typical days throughout the year;

[0075] The second heat calculation module is configured to: obtain the second heat transferred from the back of the photovoltaic module to the modular passive temperature control device based on the heat storage of the phase change material and the heat dissipation of the heat pipe under the set evaporation section area calculated based on the equivalent thermal conductivity.

[0076] The iterative calculation optimization module is configured to: perform iterative calculations to obtain the photovoltaic module backsheet temperature that makes the difference between the first heat and the second heat less than a set threshold, and guide the configuration of phase change parameters and heat pipe parameters based on the obtained photovoltaic module backsheet temperature.

[0077] The working method of the system is the same as the modular passive temperature control design optimization method for single-sided photovoltaic modules provided in Example 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0078] Example 3:

[0079] Embodiment 3 of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the modular passive temperature control design optimization method for single-sided photovoltaic modules as described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0080] Example 4:

[0081] Embodiment 4 of the present invention provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, it implements the steps in the modular passive temperature control design optimization method for single-sided photovoltaic modules as described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0082] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of hardware embodiments, software embodiments, or embodiments combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage and optical storage) containing computer-usable program code.

[0083] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0084] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0085] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0086] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. The storage medium can be a magnetic disk, optical disk, read-only memory (ROM), or random access memory (RAM), etc.

[0087] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A modular passive temperature control design optimization method for a single-sided photovoltaic module, characterized in that, The backsheet of the photovoltaic module is equipped with a modular passive temperature control device that includes heat pipes and phase change materials. Includes the following processes: Obtain typical daily meteorological parameters for the entire year in the location where the photovoltaic modules are used; Based on meteorological parameters of typical days throughout the year, the first heat transferred from the back of the photovoltaic module to the modular passive temperature control device is obtained based on the energy conservation relationship. Based on the heat storage capacity of the phase change material and the heat dissipation of the heat pipe under the set evaporation section area calculated based on the equivalent thermal conductivity, the second heat transferred from the back of the photovoltaic module to the modular passive temperature control device is obtained. Iterative calculations are performed to obtain the photovoltaic module backsheet temperature that makes the difference between the first heat and the second heat less than a set threshold. The obtained photovoltaic module backsheet temperature guides the configuration of phase change parameters and heat pipe parameters. The law of conservation of energy includes: ； in, The intensity of solar radiation. For the emissivity of the glass surface of photovoltaic modules, The surface absorptivity of the photovoltaic module. The temperature of the sky's radiation. The convective heat transfer coefficient of the photovoltaic module surface. For air temperature, The initial temperature of the photovoltaic module. The first heat transferred from the backsheet of the photovoltaic module to the modular passive temperature control device. Temperature of the backsheet of the photovoltaic module; The second source of energy includes: ； in, Indicates the mass of the phase change material. This refers to the melting temperature of the phase change material. The enthalpy of phase change materials. For heat pipe thermal resistance, The initial temperature of the photovoltaic module. This indicates the specific heat capacity of the phase change material.

2. The modular passive temperature control design optimization method for single-sided photovoltaic modules as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The phase change temperature of the phase change material is higher than the air temperature at the location where the photovoltaic module is used, while the phase change temperature of the phase change material is lower than the maximum operating temperature of the photovoltaic module.

3. The modular passive temperature control design optimization method for single-sided photovoltaic modules as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The system uses a U-shaped flat heat pipe, with the condensation section placed in the air and the surface of the evaporation section in contact with the backsheet of the photovoltaic module and the phase change material, respectively.

4. A modular passive temperature control design optimization system for a single-sided photovoltaic module, characterized in that, The backsheet of the photovoltaic module is equipped with a modular passive temperature control device that includes heat pipes and phase change materials, including: The data acquisition module is configured to acquire typical daily meteorological parameters for the entire year at the location where the photovoltaic modules are used. The first heat calculation module is configured to: obtain the first heat transferred from the back of the photovoltaic module to the modular passive temperature control device based on the energy conservation relationship, according to the meteorological parameters of typical days throughout the year; The second heat calculation module is configured to: obtain the second heat transferred from the back of the photovoltaic module to the modular passive temperature control device based on the heat storage of the phase change material and the heat dissipation of the heat pipe under the set evaporation section area calculated based on the equivalent thermal conductivity. The iterative calculation optimization module is configured to: perform iterative calculations to obtain the photovoltaic module backsheet temperature that makes the difference between the first heat and the second heat less than a set threshold, and guide the configuration of phase change parameters and heat pipe parameters based on the obtained photovoltaic module backsheet temperature. The law of conservation of energy includes: ； in, The intensity of solar radiation. For the emissivity of the glass surface of photovoltaic modules, The surface absorptivity of the photovoltaic module. The temperature of the sky's radiation. The convective heat transfer coefficient of the photovoltaic module surface. For air temperature, The initial temperature of the photovoltaic module. The first heat transferred from the backsheet of the photovoltaic module to the modular passive temperature control device. Temperature of the backsheet of the photovoltaic module; The second source of energy includes: ； in, Indicates the mass of the phase change material. This refers to the melting temperature of the phase change material. The enthalpy of phase change materials. For heat pipe thermal resistance, The initial temperature of the photovoltaic module. This indicates the specific heat capacity of the phase change material.

5. A computer-readable storage medium having a program stored thereon, characterized in that, When executed by the processor, the program implements the steps in the modular passive temperature control design optimization method for single-sided photovoltaic modules as described in any one of claims 1-3.

6. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the program, it implements the steps in the modular passive temperature control design optimization method for single-sided photovoltaic modules as described in any one of claims 1-3.

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