A device and method for treating through-cracks in underground masonry walls that is self-tightened when exposed to water

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device and method for treating through-cracks in underground masonry walls that is self-pretightened when exposed to water. The device comprises a glass fiber reinforcement, a thin-walled steel pipe, and a rubber waterstop. The thin-walled steel pipe is embedded in the through-cracks in the wall, and the glass fiber reinforcement is respectively adsorbed on the surfaces of both sides of the wall and spirally wrapped around the ends of the thin-walled steel pipe. The rubber waterstop is placed axially inside the thin-walled steel pipe. The thin-walled steel pipe is provided with narrow slits and small holes. The rubber waterstop absorbs water and expands through the narrow slits and small holes, causing the thin-walled steel pipe to expand along the side wall opening, and the glass fiber reinforcement generates a pretightening force. The present invention is applied to damp underground masonry cultural relics buildings. It can not only strengthen the mortar joints and thus improve the overall bearing capacity of the masonry structure, but also can adaptively expand when exposed to water, and freely stretch and pretighten the glass fiber reinforcement through the thin-walled steel pipe with the side slits, effectively controlling the development of the cracks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of underground masonry cultural relic building disease treatment, in particular to a device and method for treating through cracks in underground masonry walls that are self-tightened when exposed to water. Background Art

[0002] Brick and stone masonry has a long history in my country. Most ancient Chinese buildings were constructed using brick and stone structures, and a large number of these structures remain in underground cultural relics, forming part of my country's unique cultural system. However, due to centuries and millennia of weathering, material properties have deteriorated significantly. In particular, the binder in ancient masonry structures was primarily lime mortar, mixed with glutinous rice juice and hemp silk, with smaller amounts of higher-grade organic materials such as egg white and animal glue. In masonry structures, the strength of the bricks themselves generally remains relatively stable, while the binder deteriorates most. Loosening and loss of the binder directly reduces the overall bearing capacity of the masonry structure, including its compressive, tensile, flexural, and shear strengths. This leads to various stress cracks in response to changes in loads caused by overburden, hydrological conditions, and trespassing caused by long-term service, and in severe cases, through-hole cracks may form. Underground cultural relics are also exposed to high humidity, constant temperatures, and high levels of water, which promotes the slow and persistent development of these cracks, jeopardizing the safety of the cultural relics themselves.

[0003] Conventional methods for dealing with cracks in masonry structures, such as pressure grouting, double-sided wire mesh polymer mortar, wall filling and other modern methods, will change or even destroy the status quo of the cultural relics themselves, violate the "minimum interference" and "identifiability" principles of cultural relic protection, and cause the destruction of the value of cultural relics.

[0004] In response to the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention proposes a device and method for treating through-cracks in underground masonry walls that is self-tightened when exposed to water. The main components are glass fiber reinforcements and rubber waterstops. The glass fiber reinforcements are high in strength, lightweight, easy to wind and bend, convenient to process, and have good bonding properties. The rubber waterstops have the characteristic of self-expanding when exposed to water. After expansion, their volume can reach 2-3 times of their original volume. After expansion, they generate a great contact pressure with the contacted objects, which can assist in achieving the self-tightening of the glass fiber reinforcements. Due to the characteristics of the above materials, when treating through-cracks, it is only necessary to remove a small amount of loose horizontal and vertical mortar joints on the walls on both sides of the crack, embed high-strength glass fiber reinforcement materials, and then use lime slurry to grout the surface for aging. The adaptive water environment pre-tightening technology proposed by the present invention can cleverly and efficiently control the development of cracks. The treatment method in the middle of the crack is also clearly recognizable, making it suitable for direct display of cultural relics buildings to tourists. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art and to provide a device and method for treating through-cracks in underground masonry walls that are self-tightened when exposed to water. The device and method are applied to damp underground masonry cultural relics buildings. The device and method can not only reinforce the mortar joints and thus improve the overall bearing capacity of the masonry structure, but can also adaptively expand when exposed to water, and freely stretch and pre-tighten the glass fiber reinforcement through the thin-walled steel pipes with open side seams, thereby effectively controlling the development of cracks. The device is particularly effective for cracks that penetrate the thickness of the wall, solving the limitations of traditional crack treatment technology. While meeting the requirements for controlling the development of cracks, it also has a good reinforcement effect on the masonry structure.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A device for treating through cracks in underground masonry walls that is self-tightened when exposed to water, comprising glass fiber reinforcement, thin-walled steel pipes, and rubber waterstop strips.

[0008] Thin-walled steel pipes are embedded in the through cracks of the wall, and fiberglass reinforcements are adsorbed on the surfaces on both sides of the wall and spirally wrapped around the two ends of the thin-walled steel pipes; the outer wall of the thin-walled steel pipe is in close contact with the fiberglass reinforcement, and a rubber water stop strip is placed axially inside the thin-walled steel pipe.

[0009] Narrow slits and small holes are opened on the thin-walled steel pipe. The rubber water stop absorbs water and expands through the narrow slits and small holes, causing the thin-walled steel pipe to expand along the side wall opening, tightening the glass fiber reinforcement to generate pre-tightening force, thereby reinforcing the through cracks while limiting the width of cracks in the masonry.

[0010] Further preferably, two fiberglass reinforcements are arranged at each wall crack, and are respectively installed in the horizontal and vertical mortar joints of the walls on both sides. The fiberglass reinforcement spans the wall crack in the horizontal direction, and the middle part of the fiberglass reinforcement is a spiral reinforcement. The spiral reinforcement is arranged on the thin-walled steel pipe in a winding manner and is in close contact with both ends of the thin-walled steel pipe.

[0011] A plurality of vertical serrated anchoring fiber bars are distributed at both ends of the glass fiber bars, and the anchoring fiber bars are distributed axially on both sides of the glass fiber bars.

[0012] Further preferably, the serrated anchoring fiber reinforcements are evenly distributed axially at both ends of the glass fiber reinforcements and perpendicular to the glass fiber reinforcements, and the number of anchoring fiber reinforcements at each end is greater than or equal to four; the spacing between the serrated anchoring fiber reinforcements is the same as the size of the wall masonry, and the length of the anchoring fiber reinforcements is the same as the length of the vertical mortar joints.

[0013] Further preferably, the elastic modulus of the glass fiber reinforcement (1) is greater than or equal to 7.5×10 4 MPa, tensile strength is greater than or equal to 550MPa, and the length of the straight segment of glass fiber reinforcement in the single-sided wall crack is greater than or equal to 500mm.

[0014] Further preferably, the spiral ribs are wrapped around the thin-walled steel pipe twice, the distance between the two spiral ribs is less than the length of the thin-walled steel pipe, and the spiral inner diameter formed by the spiral ribs is greater than the outer diameter of the thin-walled steel pipe.

[0015] Further preferably, the length of the thin-walled steel pipe (2) is the same as the thickness of the wall, and the wall thickness of the thin-walled steel pipe (2) is less than 2 mm; both ends of the thin-walled steel pipe (2) are open and the bottom is not sealed; a narrow slit (5) is provided on the side wall, and the narrow slit (5) is located just above the top of the steel pipe, and the slit width is 2 mm; a plurality of small holes (7) are opened on the left and right sides and the bottom side wall of the steel pipe, with a hole diameter of 2 mm and a spacing of 50 mm; the thin-walled steel pipe (2) is placed vertically in the crack along the thickness direction of the wall and is fixed in the crack by the glass fiber reinforcement (1) wrapped around it.

[0016] Further preferably, the rubber waterstop is cylindrical, and is a PN putty type water-swelling rubber waterstop with a water absorption expansion rate greater than or equal to 200%; the length of the rubber waterstop is the same as the length of the thin-walled steel pipe, and the diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the thin-walled steel pipe.

[0017] A method for treating through cracks in underground masonry walls that is self-tightened when exposed to water, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0018] Step 1: Determine the location of the through-type cracks in the wall masonry. According to the degree of danger of the cracks, determine the installation points at appropriate locations. The number of installation points should be greater than or equal to three.

[0019] Step 2: On both sides of the wall at the installation point, remove the mortar joints within the length of the fiberglass reinforcement. The depth of the removal should be greater than or equal to 10mm, so that the fiberglass reinforcement can be installed within the mortar joints.

[0020] Step 3: Use high-strength adhesive to caulk the mortar joints after the glass fiber reinforcement is embedded, and then use lime mortar with the same color as the original wall masonry to grout and age the mortar joint surface so that the glass fiber reinforcement is firmly fixed inside the mortar joint;

[0021] Step 4: After the caulking construction and maintenance are completed, insert the thin-walled steel pipe into the through-crack of the wall and wrap it with fiberglass reinforcement, and place the rubber water stop inside the thin-walled steel pipe; during the use of the device, the rubber water stop spontaneously absorbs moisture from the humid environment through narrow gaps and small holes, thereby expanding and deforming, squeezing the thin-walled steel pipe, tightening the fiberglass reinforcement and stretching it, generating pre-tightening force, and achieving the purpose of controlling the development of cracks.

[0022] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. The present invention provides a device and method for treating through-cracks in masonry walls that is self-tightened when exposed to water. The device and method utilize the property of a rubber water stop strip that expands when exposed to water to generate a great contact pressure with a thin-walled steel pipe, causing the thin-walled steel pipe to expand along the opening of the side wall, thereby driving the glass fiber reinforcement tightly wrapped thereon to stretch and tighten, automatically generating a pre-tightening force and limiting the continued development of the cracks. Compared with conventional technologies, after the installation of the present invention, the rubber water stop strip absorbs a large amount of water in the humid environment of underground masonry structure cultural relics, thereby achieving automatic pre-tightening of the glass fiber reinforcement. This is a spontaneous deformation process that does not require external force, and the deformation of the rubber water stop strip is irreversible. It can continuously absorb water and deform, so that the pre-tightening force of the glass fiber is continuously increased, thereby allowing the present invention to function for a long time. The present invention does not change the original characteristics of the cracks in the underground ancient building, causes less disturbance to the building, is removable, and can be adapted to various forms of cracks.

[0024] 2. The present invention installs glass fiber reinforcements at the cracks on both the inner and outer surfaces of the wall, and connects and deforms the two glass fiber reinforcements through thin-walled steel pipes, thereby controlling the through-type cracks on both the inner and outer sides of the wall, enhancing the connectivity of the inner and outer walls of the through-type cracks, achieving synchronous treatment, and realizing uniform stress on the wall, thereby avoiding the loosening and tilting of the wall due to local reinforcement stress, and controlling the continuous development of cracks, especially through-type cracks, to the greatest extent.

[0025] 3. The fiberglass reinforcement of the present invention is prefabricated in a factory after its size is determined. The serrated anchoring fiber reinforcements at the ends and the spiral reinforcements in the middle are seamless with the horizontal fiberglass reinforcements, providing excellent integrity. The fiberglass reinforcements are fixed by the serrated anchoring fiber reinforcements at both ends, which acts as a caulking anchor, increasing the preload force and resolving the difficulty of installing and fixing the device in traditional crack treatment technology. At the same time, the fiberglass reinforcements are present within the mortar joints, which do not affect the integrity of the original wall surface and strengthen the mortar joints, thereby strengthening the overall strength of the masonry structure. Compared with traditional technologies, the present invention uses a single device to simultaneously control cracks and strengthen the wall structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the processing device of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the processing device of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the processing device of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 It is a front view of the treatment device of the present invention when it is implemented in a crack.

[0030] Figure 5 It is a top view of the treatment device of the present invention when implemented in a crack.

[0031] These include: 1. Glass fiber reinforcement; 2. Thin-walled steel pipe; 3. Rubber water stop; 4. Anchor fiber reinforcement; 5. Narrow gap; 6. Spiral reinforcement; 7. Small hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "left side," "right side," "upper," "lower," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Terms such as "first" and "second" do not indicate the importance of components and therefore should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. The specific dimensions used in this embodiment are intended only to illustrate the technical solution and do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific preferred embodiments.

[0034] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a device for treating through-cracks in underground masonry walls that self-tightens when exposed to water comprises a glass fiber reinforcement 1, a thin-walled steel pipe 2, and a rubber waterstop 3. The thin-walled steel pipe 2 is embedded in the through-crack in the wall, and the glass fiber reinforcement 1 is attached to the two side surfaces of the wall and spirally wrapped around the ends of the thin-walled steel pipe 2. The outer wall of the thin-walled steel pipe 2 is in close contact with the glass fiber reinforcement 1, and the rubber waterstop 3 is placed axially inside the thin-walled steel pipe 2. The thin-walled steel pipe 2 is provided with a narrow slit 5 and a small hole 7. The rubber waterstop 3 absorbs water through the narrow slit 5 and the small hole 7 in a humid environment, expanding its volume. This causes the thin-walled steel pipe 2 to expand along the side wall opening, tightening the glass fiber reinforcement 1 to generate a pre-tightening force, thereby reinforcing the through-crack while limiting the width of the crack in the masonry.

[0035] Two fiberglass bars 1 are arranged at each wall crack, installed in the horizontal and vertical mortar joints of the walls on both sides respectively. The fiberglass bars 1 span the wall cracks in the horizontal direction. The middle part of the fiberglass bars 1 is a spiral bar 6, which is arranged on the thin-walled steel pipe 2 in a winding manner and is in close contact with both ends of the thin-walled steel pipe 2. The spiral bar 6 is wrapped around the thin-walled steel pipe 2 twice, and the distance between the two spiral bars 6 is less than the length of the thin-walled steel pipe 2. The inner diameter of the spiral formed by the spiral bar 6 is larger than the outer diameter of the thin-walled steel pipe 2. This arrangement can make the thin-walled steel pipe 2 a detachable part, while ensuring that the thin-walled steel pipe 2 and the spiral bar 6 are in close contact, directly transmitting the pressure generated by the rubber water stop 3 to the fiberglass bars 1.

[0036] There are several vertical serrated anchoring fiber bars 4 distributed at both ends of the glass fiber bar 1. The serrated anchoring fiber bars 4 are evenly distributed at both ends of the glass fiber bar 1 along the axial direction and are perpendicular to the glass fiber bar 1. The number of anchoring fiber bars 4 at each end is greater than or equal to four; the spacing between the serrated anchoring fiber bars 4 is the same as the size of the wall masonry, and the length of the anchoring fiber bars 4 is the same as the length of the vertical mortar joint, so that the anchoring fiber bars 4 can be well installed in the mortar joint, providing a good reinforcement effect for the mortar joint, and at the same time providing an anchoring effect to fix the glass fiber bar 1.

[0037] The elastic modulus of the glass fiber reinforcement (1) is greater than or equal to 7.5×10 4 MPa, tensile strength is greater than or equal to 550MPa, and the length of the straight section of the glass fiber reinforcement of the single-side wall crack is greater than or equal to 500mm to ensure that a larger preload is generated under smaller deformation. At the same time, the high-strength material characteristics can ensure the durability of this device during use.

[0038] The length of the thin-walled steel pipe 2 is the same as the thickness of the wall, and the wall thickness of the thin-walled steel pipe 2 is less than 2mm; the two ends of the thin-walled steel pipe 2 are open and the bottom is not sealed, so that the rubber water stop strip 3 can be freely taken in and put in; a narrow slit 5 is provided on the side wall, and the narrow slit 5 is located just above the top of the steel pipe, with a width of 2mm, so that the steel pipe can more easily expand and deform from here without being squeezed; a number of small holes 7 are opened on the left and right sides and the bottom side wall of the steel pipe, and the small holes 7 form a row along the axial direction of the thin-walled steel pipe 2, each with a diameter of 2mm and a spacing of 50mm, so that the exposed surface of the rubber water stop strip 3 can be increased to enhance its water absorption effect; the thin-walled steel pipe 2 is placed vertically in the crack along the thickness direction of the wall, and is fixed in the crack by the glass fiber reinforcement 1 wrapped around it.

[0039] The rubber waterstop 3 is cylindrical and is a PN putty-type water-swelling rubber waterstop with a water absorption expansion rate greater than or equal to 200%. The length of the rubber waterstop 3 is the same as that of the thin-walled steel pipe 2, and the diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the thin-walled steel pipe 2. The free space between the thin-walled steel pipe 2 and the rubber waterstop 3 is controlled so that after the rubber waterstop 3 expands and deforms, it generates a great contact pressure with the thin-walled steel pipe 2, causing the thin-walled steel pipe to deform along the side wall slit and tighten the glass fiber reinforcement 1.

[0040] The working principle of the present invention is:

[0041] like Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, two glass fiber reinforcements 1 are respectively installed on the inner and outer sides of the wall with a through crack, and a thin-walled steel pipe 2 is placed perpendicular to the crack along the wall thickness direction; utilizing the property of the rubber water stop 3 to expand when it comes into contact with water, it spontaneously absorbs water and expands to squeeze the thin-walled steel pipe 2 to expand along the side wall opening, so that the glass fiber reinforcement 1 is stretched and tightened, generating a pre-tightening force, which plays a role in controlling the development of masonry cracks, and because the glass fiber reinforcement 1 itself exists and is fixed between the mortar joints, it plays a role in reinforcing the mortar joints, thereby improving the overall stability and strength of the masonry structure. During use, the serrated anchoring fiber reinforcements 4 at both ends of the glass fiber reinforcement 1 provide a good anchoring effect, so that it can be tightly fixed in the mortar joint, generating a greater preload; the middle spiral reinforcement 6 passes through the thin-walled steel pipe 2 in a winding manner, providing a larger contact area. At the same time, the small space characteristics between the thin-walled steel pipe 2 and the rubber water stop 3 can make the contact pressure generated by the expansion of the rubber water stop 3 be more converted into the preload of the glass fiber reinforcement 1; the side wall opening 5 and the small hole 7 of the thin-walled steel pipe 2 improve the water absorption effect of the rubber water stop 3, so that the rubber water stop 3 can effectively and adaptively absorb water and expand, thereby driving the glass fiber reinforcement to stretch and tighten, generating a preload.

[0042] Based on the above-mentioned device and principle, there is a method for treating through cracks in underground masonry walls that is self-tightened when exposed to water. The method relies on rubber waterstop strips to absorb a large amount of moisture in the humid environment where underground masonry structure cultural relics are located, thereby achieving automatic pre-tightening of the glass fiber reinforcement without the need for external force. In addition, the deformation of the rubber waterstop strips is irreversible, and they can continuously absorb water and deform, thereby continuously increasing the pre-tightening force of the glass fiber, thereby allowing the device to function for a long time.

[0043] The processing method specifically includes the following steps:

[0044] Step 1: Determine the location of the through-type cracks in the wall masonry. According to the degree of danger of the cracks, determine the installation points at appropriate locations. The number of installation points should be greater than or equal to three.

[0045] Step 2: On both sides of the wall at the installation point, the mortar joints within the length of the glass fiber reinforcement 1 are chiseled to a depth of greater than or equal to 10 mm, so that the glass fiber reinforcement 1 can be caulked and installed within the mortar joints, and the serrated fiber anchoring bars 4 at the ends of the glass fiber reinforcements are embedded in the vertical mortar joints;

[0046] Step 3: Use a high-strength adhesive to caulk the mortar joints after the glass fiber reinforcement 1 is embedded. The high-strength adhesive is a high-strength cement slurry mixed with epoxy resin. Then, use lime mortar with the same color as the original wall masonry to grout and treat the surface of the mortar joints to make the glass fiber reinforcement 1 firmly fixed inside the mortar joints. The serrated anchor fiber reinforcement 4 at the end provides a good anchoring effect.

[0047] Step 4: After the caulking construction and maintenance are completed, the thin-walled steel pipe 2 is inserted into the through crack of the wall and wrapped with the glass fiber reinforcement 1, and the rubber water stop strip 3 is placed inside the thin-walled steel pipe 2; during the use of the device, the rubber water stop strip 3 spontaneously absorbs moisture from the humid environment through the narrow gap 5 and the small hole 7, thereby expanding and deforming, squeezing the thin-walled steel pipe 2, tightening the glass fiber reinforcement 1 and stretching it, generating a pre-tightening force, and achieving the purpose of controlling the development of cracks.

[0048] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present invention, various equivalent transformations can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these equivalent transformations all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water-induced self-tightening device for treating through-cracks in underground masonry walls, characterized by: It comprises a glass fiber reinforcement (1), a thin-walled steel pipe (2), and a rubber water stop strip (3); the thin-walled steel pipe (2) is embedded in a through crack of a wall, the glass fiber reinforcement (1) is respectively adsorbed on the surfaces of both sides of the wall, and is spirally wound around the two ends of the thin-walled steel pipe (2); the outer wall of the thin-walled steel pipe (2) is in close contact with the glass fiber reinforcement (1), and the rubber water stop strip (3) is placed axially inside the thin-walled steel pipe (2); A narrow slit (5) and a small hole (7) are provided on the thin-walled steel pipe (2). The rubber water stop strip (3) absorbs water and expands through the narrow slit (5) and the small hole (7). The thin-walled steel pipe (2) expands along the opening of the side wall, so that the glass fiber reinforcement (1) generates a pre-tightening force, thereby reinforcing the through cracks while limiting the width of the cracks in the masonry. Two glass fiber reinforcements (1) are arranged at each wall crack, and are respectively installed in the horizontal and vertical mortar joints of the walls on both sides. The glass fiber reinforcement (1) spans the wall crack in the horizontal direction. The middle part of the glass fiber reinforcement (1) is a spiral reinforcement (6). The spiral reinforcement (6) is arranged on the thin-walled steel pipe (2) in a winding manner and is in close contact with both ends of the thin-walled steel pipe (2). A plurality of vertical serrated anchoring fiber bars (4) are distributed at both ends of the glass fiber bar (1), and the anchoring fiber bars (4) are distributed axially on both sides of the glass fiber bar (1); the serrated anchoring fiber bars (4) are evenly distributed axially at both ends of the glass fiber bar (1) and are perpendicular to the glass fiber bar (1), and the number of anchoring fiber bars (4) at each end is greater than or equal to four; the spacing between the serrated anchoring fiber bars (4) is the same as the size of the wall masonry, and the length of the anchoring fiber bars (4) is the same as the length of the vertical mortar joint; the number of turns of the spiral bar (6) wrapped around the thin-walled steel pipe (2) is two, the distance between the two spiral bars (6) is less than the length of the thin-walled steel pipe (2), and the inner diameter of the spiral formed by the spiral bar (6) is greater than the outer diameter of the thin-walled steel pipe (2); The length of the thin-walled steel pipe (2) is the same as the thickness of the wall, and the wall thickness of the thin-walled steel pipe (2) is less than 2 mm; both ends of the thin-walled steel pipe (2) are open, and the bottom is not sealed; a narrow slit (5) is provided on the side wall, and the narrow slit (5) is located just above the top of the steel pipe, and the slit width is 2 mm; a plurality of small holes (7) are opened on the left and right sides and the bottom side wall of the steel pipe, with a hole diameter of 2 mm and a spacing of 50 mm; the thin-walled steel pipe (2) is placed vertically in the crack along the thickness direction of the wall, and is fixed in the crack by a glass fiber reinforcement (1) wrapped around it.

2. The water-induced self-tightening underground masonry wall through-crack treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic modulus of the glass fiber reinforcement (1) is greater than or equal to 7.5×10 4 MPa, tensile strength is greater than or equal to 550MPa, and the length of the straight segment of glass fiber reinforcement in the single-sided wall crack is greater than or equal to 500mm.

3. The water-induced self-tightening underground masonry wall through-crack treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rubber water stop strip (3) is cylindrical and is a PN putty-type water-expanding rubber water stop strip with a water absorption expansion rate greater than or equal to 200%. The length of the rubber water stop strip (3) is the same as that of the thin-walled steel pipe (2), and the diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the thin-walled steel pipe (2).

4. A method for treating through cracks in underground masonry walls according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The specific steps include: Step 1: Determine the location of the through-type cracks in the wall masonry, and determine the installation points at appropriate locations according to the degree of danger of the cracks. The number of installation points is greater than or equal to three. Step 2: On both sides of the wall at the installation point, the mortar joints within the length range of the glass fiber reinforcement (1) are processed with a grooving depth greater than or equal to 10 mm, so that the glass fiber reinforcement (1) can be installed in the mortar joints. Step 3: Use a high-strength adhesive to caulk the mortar joints after the glass fiber reinforcement (1) is embedded, and then use lime mortar with the same color as the original wall masonry to grout and age the mortar joint surface, so that the glass fiber reinforcement (1) is firmly fixed inside the mortar joints. Step 4: After the caulking construction and maintenance are completed, the thin-walled steel pipe (2) is inserted into the through crack of the wall and wrapped with the glass fiber reinforcement (1), and the rubber water stop strip (3) is placed inside the thin-walled steel pipe (2); during the use of the device, the rubber water stop strip (3) spontaneously absorbs moisture from the humid environment through the narrow slit (5) and the small hole (7), thereby expanding and deforming, squeezing the thin-walled steel pipe (2), tightening the glass fiber reinforcement (1) and stretching it, generating a pre-tightening force, and achieving the purpose of controlling the development of the crack.

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