A multi-stage continuous separator for respirable dust in mines

Abstract

The present invention provides a multi-stage continuous separator for respirable dust in a mine. Inside the separator cavity, there is a primary virtual impact chamber and a secondary virtual impact chamber. Inside the primary virtual impact chamber, there is a first-stage dust collection and filtration chamber that is integrally suspended and communicates with the outside of the separator cavity. At the top of the separator cavity, there is an inlet nozzle, and the inlet nozzle is connected to the primary virtual impact chamber through a primary acceleration channel. The primary virtual impact chamber is connected to the first-stage dust collection and filtration chamber through a first access pipe. Inside the secondary virtual impact chamber, there is a second-stage dust collection and filtration chamber that is integrally suspended and communicates with the outside of the separator cavity. The primary virtual impact chamber is connected to the secondary virtual impact chamber through a secondary acceleration channel. The secondary virtual impact chamber is connected to the second-stage dust collection and filtration chamber through a second access pipe. At the bottom of the secondary virtual impact chamber, there is a respirable dust outlet channel. The present invention realizes the continuous and precise separation of respirable dust and improves the working efficiency of respirable dust separation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of mine respirable dust separation, in particular to a multi-stage continuous separator for mine respirable dust. Background Art

[0002] Dust particle pollution during coal production is one of the major hazards in coal mines. Dust not only irreversibly impacts the physical and mental health of underground workers but also easily leads to a range of malignant diseases, such as pneumoconiosis. Coal mining companies incur significant annual production and operating costs for dust control, which severely impacts their sustainable development. Therefore, the coal industry is focusing on how to effectively control dust generated during each process. Separating and detecting on-site dust, especially respirable dust, which is extremely harmful to the human body, is a crucial step in mine dust control.

[0003] Accurately measuring respirable dust concentration requires separating respirable dust from total dust using a separator. Continuous online monitoring of respirable dust concentration requires resolving the technical challenge of continuous separation. Among existing dust separation technologies, virtual impactor technology is widely adopted due to its simplicity and ease of maintenance. However, existing virtual impactor separators often suffer from low efficiency and inability to achieve continuous and accurate separation when separating respirable dust in mines. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention aims to provide a multi-stage continuous separator for respirable dust in mines to solve the problems that the existing respirable dust separators are inefficient and cannot perform continuous and accurate separation.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a multi-stage continuous separator for respirable dust in mines, which includes a separator cavity. Inside the separator cavity, there is a primary virtual impact chamber and a secondary virtual impact chamber. The primary virtual impact chamber is located above the secondary virtual impact chamber. Inside the primary virtual impact chamber, there is a primary dust collection and filtration chamber. The primary dust collection and filtration chamber is suspended as a whole and is communicated with the outside of the separator cavity through a primary horizontal separation channel. At the top of the separator cavity, there is an inlet nozzle. The bottom of the inlet nozzle is closed, and the bottom of the inner cavity of the inlet nozzle is communicated with the top of the inner cavity of the primary virtual impact chamber through a primary acceleration channel. The primary acceleration channel is composed of a circle of first cylindrical hole structures arranged circumferentially. The diameter of the first cylindrical hole structure is 0.9 - 1.2 cm. At the upper part of the inner cavity of the primary dust collection and filtration chamber, there is a circle of first access pipes with the same size and corresponding positions as the first cylindrical hole structures. The inner cavity of the primary virtual impact chamber is communicated with the inner cavity of the primary dust collection and filtration chamber through the first access pipes. Inside the secondary virtual impact chamber, there is a secondary dust collection and filtration chamber. The secondary dust collection and filtration chamber is suspended as a whole and is communicated with the outside of the separator cavity through a secondary horizontal separation channel. The bottom of the inner cavity of the primary virtual impact chamber is communicated with the top of the inner cavity of the secondary virtual impact chamber through a secondary acceleration channel. The secondary acceleration channel is composed of a circle of second cylindrical hole structures arranged circumferentially. The diameter of the second cylindrical hole structure is 0.3 - 0.5 cm. At the upper part of the inner cavity of the secondary dust collection and filtration chamber, there is a circle of second access pipes with the same size and corresponding positions as the second cylindrical hole structures. The inner cavity of the secondary virtual impact chamber is communicated with the inner cavity of the secondary dust collection and filtration chamber through the second access pipes. At the bottom end of the secondary virtual impact chamber, there is a respirable dust outlet channel. The bottom of the inner cavity of the secondary virtual impact chamber is communicated with the outside of the separator cavity through the respirable dust outlet channel.

[0006] In the above solution: The primary dust collection and filtration chamber is fixed on the inner wall of the primary virtual impact chamber through a circle of horizontally arranged connecting frames arranged circumferentially. The secondary dust collection and filtration chamber is fixed on the inner wall of the secondary virtual impact chamber through a circle of horizontally arranged connecting frames arranged circumferentially. This design is beneficial to meet the suspended layout of the primary dust collection and filtration chamber and the secondary dust collection and filtration chamber.

[0007] In the above solution: The inlet nozzle is a conical cavity structure with a larger lower end and a smaller upper end. The dust inlet is located at the top of the inlet nozzle, and the aperture of the dust inlet is 0.5 cm. The conical cavity structure design makes the entering dust more evenly dispersed.

[0008] In the above solution: There are 8 first cylindrical hole structures in total, and their diameter is 1.0 cm. There are 10 second cylindrical hole structures in total, and their diameter is 0.4 cm. Multiple cylindrical hole structures are beneficial to accelerating the dust separation speed and ensuring uniform dust dispersion.

[0009] In the above solution: the separator cavity is a cylindrical structure, with a height of 15 cm and a diameter of 10 cm. The cylindrical structure has a large space, which is convenient for arranging two - stage dust collection and filtration cavities inside it.

[0010] In the above solution: the respirable dust outlet channel is in a constricted shape with upper and lower connections, which is convenient for quickly collecting respirable dust.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the sampling air flow enters the separator cavity through the inlet nozzle. After being accelerated through the primary acceleration channel, the air flow flows into the primary virtual impact cavity. Large - particle dust particles flow into the primary dust collection and filtration cavity through the first access pipe under the action of inertial force and are discharged from the first horizontal separation outlet. Smaller dust particles deflect 90° along with the strong - flow air flow after flowing out of the bottom of the primary acceleration channel, and then flow to the secondary acceleration channel through the bottom of the primary virtual impact cavity. The strong - flow air flow that has passed through the primary virtual impact is again divided into strong - flow and weak - flow in the secondary virtual impact cavity. Larger - sized non - respirable dust flows into the secondary dust collection and filtration cavity through the second access pipe under the action of inertial force and is discharged from the second horizontal separation outlet. Respirable dust particles with a particle size of 7 μm and below deflect 90° along with the strong - flow air flow after flowing out of the bottom of the secondary acceleration channel, and flow into the respirable dust outlet channel through the bottom of the secondary virtual impact cavity under the action of strong flow, and then are detected by the detection device. In summary, the present invention realizes the continuous and precise separation of respirable dust, has a reasonable structure, good stability, is easy to maintain, can separate dust in various mine environments, and greatly improves the working efficiency of mine respirable dust separation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 is a cross - sectional view of the present invention

[0013] Figure 2 is a three - dimensional view of the present invention DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0014] As Figure 1 shown in FIG. - 2, a multi - stage continuous separator for mine respirable dust mainly consists of a separator cavity 2, a primary virtual impact cavity 7 and a secondary virtual impact cavity 9 inside the separator cavity 2. The primary virtual impact cavity 7 is located above the secondary virtual impact cavity 9.

[0015] Inside a primary virtual impact chamber 7, there is a primary dust collection and filtration chamber 4. The primary dust collection and filtration chamber 4 is entirely suspended and communicates with the outside of the separator cavity 2 through a primary horizontal separation channel 8. At the top of the separator cavity 2, there is an inlet nozzle 1. The bottom of the inlet nozzle 1 is closed, and the bottom of the inner cavity of the inlet nozzle 1 communicates with the top of the inner cavity of the primary virtual impact chamber 7 through a primary acceleration channel 3. The primary acceleration channel 3 consists of a circularly arranged ring of first cylindrical hole structures, and the diameter of the first cylindrical hole structures is 0.9 - 1.2 cm. At the upper part of the inner cavity of the primary dust collection and filtration chamber 4, there is a ring of first access pipes 12 that are the same size and in the same position as the first cylindrical hole structures. The inner cavity of the primary virtual impact chamber 7 communicates with the inner cavity of the primary dust collection and filtration chamber 4 through the first access pipes 12.

[0016] Inside a secondary virtual impact chamber 9, there is a secondary dust collection and filtration chamber 6. The secondary dust collection and filtration chamber 6 is entirely suspended and communicates with the outside of the separator cavity 2 through a secondary horizontal separation channel 10. The bottom of the inner cavity of the primary virtual impact chamber 7 communicates with the top of the inner cavity of the secondary virtual impact chamber 9 through a secondary acceleration channel 5. The secondary acceleration channel 5 consists of a circularly arranged ring of second cylindrical hole structures, and the diameter of the second cylindrical hole structures is 0.3 - 0.5 cm. At the upper part of the inner cavity of the secondary dust collection and filtration chamber 6, there is a ring of second access pipes 13 that are the same size and in the same position as the second cylindrical hole structures. The inner cavity of the secondary virtual impact chamber 9 communicates with the inner cavity of the secondary dust collection and filtration chamber 6 through the second access pipes 13.

[0017] At the bottom of the secondary virtual impact chamber 9, there is a respirable dust outlet channel 10. The bottom of the inner cavity of the secondary virtual impact chamber 9 communicates with the outside of the separator cavity 2 through the respirable dust outlet channel 10.

[0018] Preferably, the primary dust collection and filtration chamber 4 is fixed to the inner wall of the primary virtual impact chamber 7 by a circularly arranged ring of horizontal connecting frames 14, and the secondary dust collection and filtration chamber 6 is fixed to the inner wall of the secondary virtual impact chamber 9 by a circularly arranged ring of horizontal connecting frames 14. This design is beneficial for meeting the suspended layout of the primary dust collection and filtration chamber 4 and the secondary dust collection and filtration chamber 6.

[0019] Preferably, the inlet nozzle 1 is a conical cavity structure with a larger lower end and a smaller upper end. The dust inlet is located at the top of the inlet nozzle 1, and the aperture of the dust inlet is 0.5 cm. The conical cavity structure design makes the entering dust more evenly dispersed.

[0020] Preferably, there are 8 first cylindrical hole structures in total, with a diameter of 1.0 cm, and 10 second cylindrical hole structures in total, with a diameter of 0.4 cm. Multiple cylindrical hole structures are beneficial for accelerating the dust separation speed and ensuring uniform dust dispersion.

[0021] Preferably, the separator cavity 2 is in a cylindrical structure, with a height of 15 cm and a diameter of 10 cm. The cylindrical structure has a large space, which is convenient for arranging two - stage dust collection and filtration cavities therein.

[0022] Preferably, the respirable dust outlet channel 10 is in a constricted shape that is open at both the top and bottom, which is convenient for quickly collecting respirable dust.

[0023] The working process of the present invention is as follows:

[0024] The sampling air flow enters the separator cavity 2 through the inlet nozzle 1. After being accelerated by the primary acceleration channel 3, the air flow flows into the primary virtual impact cavity 7. Large - particle dust particles, under the action of inertial force, flow through the first access pipe 12 into the primary dust collection and filtration cavity 4 and are discharged from the first horizontal separation outlet 8. Smaller dust particles deflect 90° along with the strong - flow air after flowing out of the bottom of the primary acceleration channel 3, and then flow towards the secondary acceleration channel 5 through the bottom of the primary virtual impact cavity 7. The strong - flow air passing through the primary virtual impact 7 is again divided into strong - flow and weak - flow in the secondary virtual impact cavity 9. Larger - particle non - respirable dust, under the action of inertial force, flows through the second access pipe 13 into the secondary dust collection and filtration cavity 6 and is discharged from the second horizontal separation outlet 10. Respirable dust particles with a particle size of 7 μm or less deflect 90° along with the strong - flow air after flowing out of the bottom of the secondary acceleration channel 5, and flow into the respirable dust outlet channel 10 through the bottom of the secondary virtual impact cavity 9 under the action of the strong - flow.

Claims

1. A multi-stage continuous separator for respirable dust in a mine, characterized in that: It includes a separator cavity (2), inside which there is a primary virtual impact cavity (7) and a secondary virtual impact cavity (9). The primary virtual impact cavity (7) is located above the secondary virtual impact cavity (9). Inside the primary virtual impact cavity (7), there is a primary dust collection and filtration cavity (4). The primary dust collection and filtration cavity (4) is suspended as a whole and communicates with the outside of the separator cavity (2) through a primary horizontal separation channel (8). At the top of the separator cavity (2), there is an inlet nozzle (1). The bottom of the inlet nozzle (1) is closed, and the bottom of the inner cavity of the inlet nozzle (1) communicates with the top of the inner cavity of the primary virtual impact cavity (7) through a primary acceleration channel (3). The primary acceleration channel (3) is composed of a circle of first cylindrical hole structures arranged circumferentially. The diameter of the first cylindrical hole structure is 0.9 - 1.2 cm. At the upper part of the inner cavity of the primary dust collection and filtration cavity (4), there is a circle of first access pipes (12) with the same size and corresponding position as the first cylindrical hole structure. The inner cavity of the primary virtual impact cavity (7) communicates with the inner cavity of the primary dust collection and filtration cavity (4) through the first access pipes (12). Inside the secondary virtual impact cavity (9), there is a secondary dust collection and filtration cavity (6). The secondary dust collection and filtration cavity (6) is suspended as a whole and communicates with the outside of the separator cavity (2) through a secondary horizontal separation channel (10). The bottom of the inner cavity of the primary virtual impact cavity (7) communicates with the top of the inner cavity of the secondary virtual impact cavity (9) through a secondary acceleration channel (5). The secondary acceleration channel (5) is composed of a circle of second cylindrical hole structures arranged circumferentially. The diameter of the second cylindrical hole structure is 0.3 - 0.5 cm. At the upper part of the inner cavity of the secondary dust collection and filtration cavity (6), there is a circle of second access pipes (13) with the same size and corresponding position as the second cylindrical hole structure. The inner cavity of the secondary virtual impact cavity (9) communicates with the inner cavity of the secondary dust collection and filtration cavity (6) through the second access pipes (13). At the bottom of the secondary virtual impact cavity (9), there is a respirable dust outlet channel (11). The bottom of the inner cavity of the secondary virtual impact cavity (9) communicates with the outside of the separator cavity (2) through the respirable dust outlet channel (11).

2. The multi-stage continuous separator for respirable dust in a mine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary dust collection and filtration cavity (4) is fixed on the inner wall of the primary virtual impact cavity (7) by a circle of horizontally arranged connecting frames (14) arranged circumferentially. The secondary dust collection and filtration cavity (6) is fixed on the inner wall of the secondary virtual impact cavity (9) by a circle of horizontally arranged connecting frames (14) arranged circumferentially.

3. The multi-stage continuous separator for respirable dust in a mine according to claim 1, wherein: The inlet nozzle (1) is a conical cavity structure with a larger lower end and a smaller upper end. The dust inlet is located at the top of the inlet nozzle (1), and the aperture of the dust inlet is 0.5 cm.

4. The multi-stage continuous separator for respirable dust in a mine according to claim 1, wherein: There are 8 first cylindrical hole structures in total, with a diameter of 1.0 cm. There are 10 second cylindrical hole structures in total, with a diameter of 0.4 cm.

5. The multi-stage continuous separator for respirable dust in a mine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The separator cavity (the separator cavity (2) is a cylindrical structure, with a height of 15 cm and a diameter of 10 cm.

6. The multi-stage continuous separator for respirable dust in a mine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The respirable dust outlet channel (11) is in a constricted shape that is open at the top and bottom.

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