An interdigital electrode type piezoelectric ceramic composite energy harvester and a preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application discloses an interdigital electrode type piezoelectric composite energy collector and a preparation method and application thereof. After piezoelectric ceramic nanowires and piezoelectric polymer powder are fully mixed, the piezoelectric composite material with the piezoelectric ceramic nanowires arranged in a direction is obtained through 3D printing, and an interdigital electrode is loaded on the surface of the piezoelectric composite material, the positive and negative electrodes are connected, and a film is coated, and the energy collector is obtained. The energy collector is based on the synergistic effect among the piezoelectric ceramic nanowires, the piezoelectric polymer powder and the interdigital electrode, the vibration energy is fully absorbed by controlling the directional arrangement of the piezoelectric ceramic nanowires, and the output power of the energy absorber is greatly provided. The wearable energy collector obtained by using the piezoelectric composite material has the advantages of simple structure, stable performance and high output power, and can fully absorb the vibration energy generated in the human motion process. The maximum output voltage can reach 17V under the pressure of 180KPa, and the maximum load power can reach 5.6muW.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a piezoelectric ceramic energy harvester, in particular to an interdigital electrode type piezoelectric ceramic composite energy harvester and its preparation method and application, and belongs to the field of piezoelectric composite material preparation. BACKGROUND

[0002] 5G technology and the development of smart cities have brought great benefits to the Internet of Things and wireless sensors. In the era of smart cities, intelligent sensors play a role in real-time monitoring of the entire city because they can detect a series of stimuli including force and temperature signals. However, how to ensure the energy supply of hundreds of millions of sensors in smart cities is a problem that needs to be solved at present, which prompts researchers to develop new energy harvesting and sensing technologies. The emergence of piezoelectric nanogenerators has also aroused great interest in this field because they can convert mechanical vibrations, forces, accelerations and human movements into electrical energy. Therefore, piezoelectric nanogenerators can provide sustainable, clean power for wearable sensors in smart cities. Among numerous piezoelectric materials, piezoelectric nanocomposites combining high piezoelectric coefficient ceramic fillers with piezoelectric polymers have attracted widespread attention. Among these piezoelectric nanocomposites, poly [vinylidene fluoride]-trifluoroethylene (PVDF-TrFE) based piezoelectric composites are considered as potential candidates for piezoelectric nanogenerators due to their strong piezoelectric properties and good flexibility. Currently, the research on PVDF-TrFE based piezoelectric composites mainly focuses on the selection and optimization of piezoelectric ceramic fillers, such as zero-dimensional piezoelectric ceramic nanoparticles, one-dimensional piezoelectric ceramic nanowires, two-dimensional piezoelectric ceramic nanosheets and three-dimensional piezoelectric ceramic frameworks. Compared with zero-dimensional piezoelectric ceramic nanoparticles, one-dimensional and two-dimensional piezoelectric ceramic fillers show good application prospects in piezoelectric nanogenerators due to their increased connectivity in specific dimensions. In addition, one-dimensional and two-dimensional piezoelectric fillers have larger dipole moments, which can improve the dielectric constant and polarization strength of piezoelectric nanocomposites, thus attracting widespread attention. However, the current research on PVDF-TrFE based piezoelectric composites is still insufficient and the output power of piezoelectric energy harvesters is still relatively low, and there is a lack of structural design and performance optimization of VDF-TrFE based piezoelectric composites, and it is urgent to develop new high-performance piezoelectric composite energy harvesters. SUMMARY

[0003] The first object of the present application is to provide an interdigital electrode type piezoelectric ceramic composite energy harvester, which is based on the synergistic effect of piezoelectric ceramic nanowires, piezoelectric polymer powder and interdigital electrodes, and realizes the full absorption of vibration energy by controlling the directional arrangement of piezoelectric ceramic nanowires, thereby greatly providing the output power of the energy absorber.

[0004] The second object of the present application is to provide a preparation method of the interdigital electrode type piezoelectric ceramic composite energy harvester, which realizes the directional arrangement of the piezoelectric ceramic nanowires in the piezoelectric composite material through the 3D printing process, and loads the interdigital electrode on the surface of the piezoelectric composite material through the magnetron sputtering, and the arrangement direction of the nanowires can be adjusted by controlling the 3D printing parameters, and the optimal polarization performance of the piezoelectric composite material can be realized under the synergistic effect of the interdigital electrode.

[0005] The third object of the present application is to provide an application of the interdigital electrode type piezoelectric ceramic composite energy harvester, which is used for collecting the vibration energy in the environment as a wearable device. The wearable device obtained based on the piezoelectric ceramic composite energy harvester prepared by the preparation method of the present application has the advantages of simple structure, stable performance and high output power, and the maximum output voltage can reach 17V and the maximum load power can reach 5.6μW under the pressure of 180KPa, and has excellent energy conversion efficiency.

[0006] In order to realize the above technical objects, the present application provides a preparation method of the interdigital electrode type piezoelectric composite energy harvester, which comprises the following steps: electrospinning and sintering the piezoelectric ceramic precursor sol to obtain piezoelectric ceramic nanowires; uniformly dispersing the piezoelectric ceramic nanowires in a solvent, adding piezoelectric polymer powder and heating and stirring to obtain a piezoelectric composite solution; 3D printing the piezoelectric composite solution to obtain a piezoelectric composite material with directional arrangement of piezoelectric ceramic nanowires; loading an interdigital electrode on the surface of the piezoelectric composite material, connecting the positive and negative electrodes and coating a film, and the preparation method is completed.

[0007] The preparation method provided by the present application realizes the directional arrangement of the piezoelectric ceramic nanowires in the piezoelectric composite material based on the synergistic effect between the processes, and realizes the full polarization of the piezoelectric ceramic nanowires by loading the interdigital electrode, so that the piezoelectric energy harvester with high output performance is obtained.

[0008] As a preferred scheme, the piezoelectric ceramic precursor sol is one of barium calcium zirconate titanate sol, lead zirconate titanate sol, potassium sodium niobate sol, barium titanate sol and bismuth sodium titanate sol.

[0009] As a preferred scheme, the electrospinning conditions are that the voltage is 8-12kV, the flow rate is 1.0-1.4ml / h, and the distance between the needle and the roller center is 8-12cm. The process parameters of electrospinning should be strictly executed according to the above requirements, and the spinning voltage, the liquid supply speed and the roller spacing in the electrospinning process will affect the morphology and size of the nanowires. If the liquid supply speed is too fast and the roller spacing is too large, the spinning process will be discontinuous. If the spinning voltage is too high, the nanowires will be uneven and cracks will appear on the surface, which will be easy to break. For the piezoelectric energy harvester, the nanowires with uniform thickness and high aspect ratio are beneficial to the improvement of the piezoelectric energy harvesting performance.

[0010] As a preferred solution, the piezoelectric ceramic precursor sol is barium calcium zirconate titanate sol; the sintering temperature is 800-1000℃. Further preferably, the sintering temperature is 900℃.

[0011] As a preferred solution, the solvent is a mixed solvent of dimethyl sulfoxide and acetone.

[0012] As a preferred solution, the piezoelectric polymer powder is PVDF, PVDF-TrFE, PVDF-HFP or PDMS. Further preferably, the piezoelectric polymer powder is PVDF-TrFE.

[0013] As a preferred solution, the heating and stirring conditions are: stirring at 35-40℃ for 10-14h, and then heating to 60-80℃ for stirring for 8-10h. The low-temperature stage stirring is to achieve sufficient mixing of the piezoelectric ceramic nanowires and the piezoelectric polymer powder, and the high-temperature stage stirring is to achieve evaporation of the solvent and improve the viscosity of the solution.

[0014] As a preferred solution, the 3D printing conditions are: the needle-to-plate distance is 0.8-1.2mm, the moving speed is 16-20mm / s, and after printing, drying at 40-60℃ for 10-14h.

[0015] As a preferred solution, the arrangement direction of the piezoelectric ceramic nanowires in the piezoelectric composite is parallel to the forward direction of 3D printing. The directional distribution of the piezoelectric ceramic nanowires in the polymer matrix is conducive to the improvement of the piezoelectric performance of the piezoelectric composite. During the polarization process, due to the directional distribution of the piezoelectric ceramic nanowires along the direction of the applied electric field, the effective electric field applied to the piezoelectric ceramic nanowires is higher. Therefore, compared with the case of random distribution of piezoelectric ceramic nanowires, the directional distribution of piezoelectric ceramic nanowires can make the piezoelectric composite be polarized more fully, and the piezoelectric performance is higher.

[0016] As a preferred solution, the loading process of the interdigital electrode is: the piezoelectric composite is clamped between the mask plates, and the metal electrode is sputtered by magnetron sputtering. After removing the mask plate, it is obtained. The piezoelectric composite with horizontally directional arrangement of piezoelectric ceramic nanowires obtained by 3D printing process, sputtering positive and negative interdigital electrodes on the upper and lower surfaces of the composite, can obtain a polarization electric field along the arrangement direction of the piezoelectric ceramic nanowires, so that the piezoelectric composite can be fully polarized. In addition, due to the parallel arrangement of the interdigital electrode and the piezoelectric ceramic, the piezoelectric composite can produce better performance when working in d 33 Mode. Based on the synergistic effect of the interdigital electrode and the directional arrangement of the piezoelectric ceramic nanowires, the performance of the piezoelectric energy harvester can be maximized.

[0017] As a preferred scheme, the material of the interdigital electrode is one of gold, platinum, aluminum, silver and copper.

[0018] As a preferred scheme, the finger spacing of the interdigital electrode is 450-550 mu m, and the finger width is 250-350 mu m.

[0019] The material and structural parameters of the interdigital electrode also affect the performance of the piezoelectric composite material. If the finger spacing of the interdigital electrode is too large, the polarization voltage will be too high, and if the finger spacing of the interdigital electrode is too small, the electrode finger edge electric field will be concentrated, and it is easy to be broken down during polarization. The finger width of the interdigital electrode also affects the performance of the piezoelectric composite material. The larger the finger width, the stronger the ability to collect electric charge.

[0020] As a preferred scheme, the drying process of the 3D printing is carried out under vacuum conditions.

[0021] As a preferred scheme, the mass ratio of the piezoelectric ceramic nanowire to the piezoelectric polymer powder is 1:4-19.

[0022] The mass ratio of the piezoelectric ceramic nanowire to the piezoelectric polymer powder is strictly according to the above requirements. Within the above requirements, as the content of the piezoelectric ceramic nanowire increases, the orientation of the piezoelectric ceramic nanowire in the polymer matrix becomes more and more obvious, but the orientation gradually becomes poor when the content is too high. As the content of the nanowire increases, the dielectric constant and the saturation polarization value of the piezoelectric composite material gradually increase, the piezoelectric constant first increases and then decreases, the piezoelectric constant is highest when the mass ratio of the nanowire to the polymer powder is 1:5.67, and the piezoelectric energy collection optimization coefficient also shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.

[0023] The application also provides an interdigital electrode type piezoelectric ceramic composite material energy collector obtained by the preparation method.

[0024] The application also provides an application of the interdigital electrode type piezoelectric ceramic composite material energy collector, which is used for energy collection of wearable devices. Based on the excellent energy conversion rate of the interdigital electrode type piezoelectric ceramic composite material energy collector provided by the application, the vibration energy generated during human movement can be fully absorbed. According to tests, the maximum output voltage of an energy collector with an area of 3*1.5 mm 2 can reach 17V under a pressure of 180kPa, and the maximum load power can reach 5.6 mu W, which has excellent energy conversion efficiency.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the application has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0026] 1) The interdigital electrode type piezoelectric ceramic composite energy collector provided by the application can realize sufficient absorption of vibration energy by controlling the directional arrangement of piezoelectric ceramic nanowires, thereby greatly providing the output power of the energy absorber, based on the synergistic effect among the piezoelectric ceramic nanowires, piezoelectric polymer powder and interdigital electrodes.

[0027] 2) In the technical solution provided by the application, the directional arrangement of the piezoelectric ceramic nanowires in the piezoelectric composite material is realized by a 3D printing process, and the interdigital electrodes are loaded on the surface of the piezoelectric composite material by magnetron sputtering, the arrangement direction of the nanowires can be adjusted by controlling the 3D printing parameters, and the optimal polarization performance of the piezoelectric composite material is realized under the synergistic effect of the interdigital electrodes.

[0028] 3) The piezoelectric ceramic composite energy collector obtained based on the preparation method of the application has the advantages of simple structure, stable performance and high output power, and the test shows that the maximum output voltage of the energy collector with an area of 3*1.5mm 2 can reach 17V under a pressure of 180kPa, the maximum load power can reach 5.6μW, and the energy conversion efficiency is excellent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is the preparation method of the piezoelectric ceramic nanowire directional arrangement piezoelectric composite material and the interdigital electrode type piezoelectric energy collector of the application;

[0030] Figure 2 It is the scanning electron microscope image of the piezoelectric composite material with different content of piezoelectric ceramic nanowire directional arrangement piezoelectric composite material obtained in examples 1-4 of the application;

[0031] Among them Figure 2 (a) is the scanning electron microscope image of the piezoelectric composite material with a mass ratio of piezoelectric ceramic nanowires to PVDF-TrFE powder of 1:19, Figure 2 (b) is the scanning electron microscope image of the piezoelectric composite material with a mass ratio of piezoelectric ceramic nanowires to PVDF-TrFE powder of 1:9, Figure 2 (c) is the scanning electron microscope image of the piezoelectric composite material with a mass ratio of piezoelectric ceramic nanowires to PVDF-TrFE powder of 1:5.67, Figure 2 (d) is the scanning electron microscope image of the piezoelectric composite material with a mass ratio of piezoelectric ceramic nanowires to PVDF-TrFE powder of 1:4;

[0032] Figure 3 (a) is the dielectric constant of the piezoelectric ceramic nanowire directional arrangement piezoelectric composite material in examples 1-4 of the application;

[0033] Figure 3 (b) the dielectric loss of the piezoelectric ceramic nanowire aligned piezoelectric composite material in Examples 1-4 of the present application;

[0034] Figure 4 (a) the hysteresis loop of the piezoelectric ceramic nanowire aligned piezoelectric composite material in Examples 1-4 of the present application;

[0035] Figure 4 (b) the polarization value of the piezoelectric ceramic nanowire aligned piezoelectric composite material in Examples 1-4 of the present application as a function of content;

[0036] Figure 5 (a) the piezoelectric constant of the piezoelectric ceramic nanowire aligned piezoelectric composite material in Examples 1-4 of the present application;

[0037] Figure 5 (b) the piezoelectric energy harvesting figure of merit of the piezoelectric ceramic nanowire aligned piezoelectric composite material in Examples 1-4 of the present application;

[0038] Figure 6 (a) the output voltage of the piezoelectric composite material in Example 3 of the present application;

[0039] Figure 6 (b) the load power of the piezoelectric composite material in Example 3 of the present application;

[0040] Figure 7 the output voltage of the piezoelectric composite material in Comparative Example 1 of the present application;

[0041] Figure 8 the output voltage of the piezoelectric composite material in Comparative Example 2 of the present application;

[0042] Figure 9 the output voltage of the piezoelectric composite material in Example 3 of the present application after 5000 cycles of fatigue testing;

[0043] Figure 10 (a) the output voltage of the piezoelectric composite material in Example 3 of the present application under finger pressing;

[0044] Figure 10 (b) the output voltage of the piezoelectric composite material in Example 3 of the present application under foot stepping. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The following examples are intended to illustrate the present application and not to further limit it.

[0046] The piezoelectric ceramic nanowire used in the following examples and comparative examples was prepared as follows:

[0047] The piezoelectric ceramic nanowire aligned piezoelectric composite material was prepared as follows Figure 1The preparation process is shown in the following. First, a 0.2 mol / L barium calcium zirconate titanate sol was prepared by adding barium acetate, calcium acetate monohydrate and zirconium acetylacetone powder into a mixed solvent of acetic acid and ethylene glycol methyl ether, stirring at 90°C for 6h to obtain a clear solution, then slowly dropping a mixed solution of acetylacetone and tetra-n-butyl titanate into the sol, and stirring at 45°C for 6h to obtain a uniform sol. Polyvinylpyrrolidone was added into the sol to adjust the viscosity, and a precursor solution required for electrospinning was prepared. The prepared precursor solution was poured into a plastic syringe, and electrospinning was performed at a voltage of 10kV, a flow rate of 1.2ml / h, and a distance of 10cm between the needle and the roller center. After sintering at 900°C, barium calcium zirconate titanate piezoelectric ceramic nanowires were obtained.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] The piezoelectric ceramic nanowires were dispersed into a mixed solvent of dimethyl sulfoxide and acetone, stirred for 6h to uniformly disperse the nanowires, then PVDF-TrFE powder was added, and a uniform solution was obtained after stirring at 40°C for 12h. The uniform solution was heated to 60°C and continued to be stirred for 12h to volatilize part of the solvent, and a concentrated solution was obtained. The concentrated solution was poured into a syringe for 3D printing, the syringe was fixed, the distance between the needle and the bottom plate was adjusted to 1mm, and the moving speed was adjusted to 18mm / s. After printing and drying at 40°C for 12h, a piezoelectric ceramic nanowire directional arrangement piezoelectric composite material with an area of 4*4mm 2 was obtained, wherein the mass ratio of the piezoelectric ceramic nanowires to the PVDF-TrFE powder was 1:19.

[0050] The piezoelectric composite film was cut into 3*1.5mm 2 , clamped between mask plates, and a gold interdigital electrode was loaded by magnetron sputtering. Two silver conductive wires were connected to the positive and negative electrodes on both sides of the electrode, and a piezoelectric energy harvester was obtained after packaging with a polyimide film.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] The preparation process of this example was the same as that of Example 1, except that the mass ratio of the piezoelectric ceramic nanowires to the PVDF-TrFE powder was set to 1:9.

[0053] Example 3

[0054] The preparation process of this example was the same as that of Example 1, except that the mass ratio of the piezoelectric ceramic nanowires to the PVDF-TrFE powder was set to 1:5.67.

[0055] Example 4

[0056] The preparation process of this example was the same as that of Example 1, except that the mass ratio of the piezoelectric ceramic nanowires to the PVDF-TrFE powder was set to 1:4.

[0057] Comparative Example 1

[0058] The piezoelectric ceramic nanowires were dispersed in a mixed solvent of dimethyl sulfoxide and acetone, and stirred for 6 h to uniformly disperse the nanowires. Then, PVDF-TrFE powder was added, and a uniform solution was obtained after stirring at 40°C for 12 h. The uniform solution was warmed to 60°C and continued to be stirred for 12 h to volatilize part of the solvent, and a concentrated solution was obtained. Then, the solution was poured onto a clean glass plate, and a 400 μm-thick doctor blade was used to scrape it off. After drying at 40°C for 12 h, a piezoelectric composite was obtained. The same interdigital electrode was sputtered as in Example 1.

[0059] In this comparative example, the ceramic nanowires in the piezoelectric composite were arranged in disorder compared with Example 1.

[0060] Comparative Example 2

[0061] The preparation process of the piezoelectric composite in this example was exactly the same as that in Example 3, except that the mask used in sputtering was replaced by a flat structure, and finally a flat electrode was obtained.

[0062] Figure 2 The scanning electron microscope images of the piezoelectric composites with different contents of piezoelectric ceramic nanowires can be observed from the images. As the content of nanowires increases, the orientation of nanowires in the polymer matrix becomes more and more obvious. However, when the mass ratio of nanowires to PVDF-TrFE powder reaches 1:4, the orientation of nanowires begins to show disorder, and due to the too high content of nanowires, agglomeration can be observed. From the images, it can be seen that the orientation of nanowires in the polymer matrix is more and more obvious as the content of nanowires increases. Figure 3 It can be seen that as the content of nanowires increases, the dielectric constant of the piezoelectric composite gradually increases, which is because barium calcium zirconate titanate itself has a relatively high dielectric constant, and the composite of the two can effectively improve the dielectric constant of the composite, while the dielectric loss gradually decreases as the content of nanowires increases. Figure 4 The hysteresis loop diagram of the piezoelectric composite measured under an electric field of 150 kV / mm can be seen. As the content of nanowires increases, the maximum polarization value and the residual polarization value of the piezoelectric composite gradually increase. From the images, it can be seen that as the content of nanowires increases, the maximum polarization value and the residual polarization value of the piezoelectric composite gradually increase. Figure 5 It can be seen that as the content of nanowires increases, the piezoelectric constant of the piezoelectric composite first increases and then decreases, and the piezoelectric energy harvesting optimization coefficient also shows the same trend. When the mass ratio of nanowires to PVDF-TrFE powder is 1:5.67, the piezoelectric composite has the highest piezoelectric energy harvesting optimization coefficient.

[0063] Further, the energy harvester obtained in Example 3 was tested, Figure 6For the output voltage of the energy harvester, it can be seen that the output voltage shows an increasing trend with the increase of the applied pressure, and the maximum output voltage can reach 17 V at a pressure of 180 kPa. With the increase of the load resistance, the output power first increases and then decreases, and the maximum load power can reach 5.6 μW. In addition, the output voltage of the piezoelectric energy harvesters obtained from Comparative Examples 1 and 2 is also tested, and it can be seen from Figure 7 It can be seen that the maximum output voltage of the piezoelectric energy harvester using the interdigital electrode nanowire random distribution is 4.4 V at a pressure of 180 kPa. Figure 8 For the output voltage of the piezoelectric energy harvester using the planar electrode nanowire directional distribution, the maximum output voltage is 1.3 V. The test results of the comparative examples show that the piezoelectric energy harvester combining the interdigital electrode and the nanowire directional arrangement piezoelectric composite material has more excellent performance. From Figure 9 It can be seen that after 5000 load cycle experiments, the output voltage of the piezoelectric energy harvester does not decrease obviously, and has good stability. In addition, the energy harvester can also collect the energy of human motion, and can be used as a sensor to perceive the motion state of the human body. As Figure 10 It can be seen that the interdigital electrode type piezoelectric energy harvester can generate output voltages of 3 V and 8 V in the state of finger pressing and foot stepping. These results all show that the interdigital electrode type piezoelectric energy harvester has good output performance, and can be used to collect the vibration energy in the environment and perceive the vibration in the environment.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an interdigitated electrode type piezoelectric ceramic composite energy harvester, characterized in that: Piezoelectric ceramic precursor sol is electrospun and sintered to obtain piezoelectric ceramic nanowires; the piezoelectric ceramic nanowires are uniformly dispersed in a solvent, piezoelectric polymer powder is added and heated and stirred to obtain a piezoelectric composite material solution; the piezoelectric composite material solution is 3D printed to obtain a piezoelectric composite material with oriented piezoelectric ceramic nanowires; interdigitated electrodes are loaded on the surface of the piezoelectric composite material to conduct positive and negative electrodes and then coated with a film to obtain the final product; the piezoelectric ceramic precursor sol is barium calcium zirconate titanate sol; the piezoelectric polymer powder is PVDF, PVDF-TrFE, PVDF-HFP or PDMS; the mass ratio of piezoelectric ceramic nanowires to piezoelectric polymer powder is 1:4~19.

2. The method for preparing an interdigitated electrode type piezoelectric ceramic composite energy harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conditions for electrospinning are: voltage of 8~12kV, flow rate of 1.0~1.4ml / h, and needle distance from the center of the roller of 8~12cm.

3. The method for preparing an interdigitated electrode type piezoelectric ceramic composite energy harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sintering temperature is 800~1000℃.

4. The method for preparing an interdigitated electrode type piezoelectric ceramic composite energy harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solvent is a mixture of dimethyl sulfoxide and acetone; the heating and stirring conditions are: stirring at 35~40℃ for 10~14h, and then heating to 60~80℃ and stirring for 8~10h.

5. The method for preparing an interdigitated electrode type piezoelectric ceramic composite energy harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The 3D printing conditions are as follows: the distance between the needle and the base plate is 0.8~1.2mm, the moving speed is 16~20mm / s, and the printing is dried at 40~60℃ for 10~14h after printing; the arrangement direction of the piezoelectric ceramic nanowires in the piezoelectric composite material is parallel to the 3D printing forward direction.

6. The method for preparing an interdigitated electrode type piezoelectric ceramic composite energy harvester according to claim 5, characterized in that: The loading process of the interdigitated electrode is as follows: the piezoelectric composite material is sandwiched between the mask, the metal electrode is sputtered by magnetron sputtering, and the electrode is obtained after removing the mask.

7. The method for preparing an interdigitated electrode type piezoelectric ceramic composite energy harvester according to claim 6, characterized in that: The interdigitated electrodes are made of one of the following materials: gold, platinum, aluminum, silver, and copper; the 3D printing drying process is carried out under vacuum conditions.

8. An interdigitated electrode type piezoelectric ceramic composite material energy harvester, characterized in that: Obtained by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7; the interdigitated electrode arrangement direction is parallel to the piezoelectric ceramic nanowire orientation direction.

9. The application of the interdigitated electrode type piezoelectric ceramic composite material energy harvester according to claim 8, characterized in that: Used for harvesting vibrational energy from the environment or human body.

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