Vehicle-mounted two-stage mechanical transmission outrigger

Abstract

The application provides a two-stage mechanical transmission outrigger for a vehicle, an outer cylinder is fixed on the vehicle, a middle cylinder and an inner cylinder are coaxially nested in the inner cylinder in sequence, an inner screw rod is installed in the inner cylinder, an upper end of the inner screw rod is connected with the outer cylinder through a bearing, and a lower end surface of the inner screw rod is provided with a plurality of protrusions, the outer screw rod is a hollow column, is sleeved between the inner screw rod and the inner cylinder, an upper end of the outer screw rod is connected with the inner cylinder through a main nut, and a lower end of the outer screw rod is provided with a flange, the inner cylinder is installed with a foot plate at a lower end, the driving device drives the inner screw rod to rotate around an axis of the inner screw rod through a gear transmission mechanism, the inner and outer screw rod locking blocks are disc-shaped structures, a plurality of sliding columns parallel to the axis are arranged on an outer edge of an upper end surface of the inner and outer screw rod locking blocks, the sliding columns are embedded in tooth gaps of the lower end flange of the outer screw rod, a plurality of protrusions are arranged on a center of the upper end surface of the inner and outer screw rod locking blocks and can be engaged with the protrusions on the lower end surface of the inner screw rod, and a plurality of springs are connected between the inner and outer screw rod locking blocks and the outer screw rod. The application improves the carrying capacity and reliability of the outrigger and is convenient to operate.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of mechanical equipment, and relates to a support leg for supporting and leveling a special vehicle and other equipment for parking work. BACKGROUND

[0002] When the special vehicle and other equipment for parking work are working, in order to ensure the smooth and accurate working process, a special support leg is needed to support and level the vehicle (or a certain type of equipment). The core component of the traditional support and leveling support leg is usually a hydraulic transmission mode. In recent years, the electric drive mechanical transmission support leg driven by a motor, nut-screw transmission / support, and sleeve box protection has been increasingly widely applied due to the advantages of stable transmission process, high leveling accuracy, good state retention, strong environmental adaptability (wide temperature adaptation range), no liquid leakage risk, and no need for a hydraulic station and pipeline. However, the general electric support leg has a short telescopic stroke, which is difficult to meet the support and leveling requirements of the vehicle on a large-angle slope or a large-difference region, especially for the vehicle with a long body and a higher requirement for the extension amount of the support leg.

[0003] In addition, the conventional electric support leg also has the problems of excessive bending moment of the support leg caused by the inclination of the support leg after the slope leveling, and the difficulty in manual lifting when the motor is powered off or fails.

[0004] Through the search query, most of the two-stage legs and multi-stage telescopic legs mentioned in the existing patents adopt hydraulic transmission, a small number of which adopt mechanical transmission. Among them, CN202022391168.3 mentions a three-stage telescopic leg, which adopts three gears and three chains to provide power for the movement of the three-stage leg respectively. The leg realizes lifting in a gear and rack manner. This transmission mechanism contains many elements, occupies a large space, and is difficult to arrange on a mobile vehicle. At the same time, the gear and rack transmission mechanism will generate a large eccentric load, resulting in a large frictional resistance and reducing the transmission efficiency. Patent CN201911255546.0 adopts a transmission mode of hydraulic motor + chain + gear and rack to realize lifting, which needs to set up a hydraulic station separately and also cannot avoid the disadvantages of the gear and rack mode itself. Patent CN202111553552.1 realizes two-stage telescoping by two sets of independent mechanisms, which needs a large intermediate transition platform, and the vehicle-mounted leg obviously cannot meet the requirements. Patent CN202120125843.X realizes two-stage lifting by adopting an oil cylinder + steel wire rope mechanism, which also needs a hydraulic station and an intermediate transition platform. Patent CN202121211003.1 realizes lifting by adopting a telescopic oil cylinder + traction steel wire rope mode, which is suitable for small load occasions. Patent CN201310583122.3 is a summary of the gear and rack mechanism, which adopts multiple gears and racks to form a transmission and bearing mechanism, and greatly magnifies the shortcomings of this mechanism. Patent CN202023249042.9 mentions a two-stage lifting and leveling device for a shelter, which aims to provide a liftable and levelable platform for the equipment arranged on the vehicle. The device is composed of two independent platforms and driving and transmission mechanisms, needs an intermediate transition platform, and multiple elements are installed on the platform. Chain transmission is adopted for lifting and leveling the platform on the vehicle. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present application provides a vehicle-mounted two-stage mechanical transmission leg, which adopts a two-stage screw rod and a three-layer sleeve box structure to increase the telescopic distance, carrying capacity and protection ability of the leg. In addition, the present application adopts a telescopic locking mechanism to reliably lock / separate the inner and outer screw rods, uses a screw rod lifting to slide the transmission gear, and uses a slidable ball foot plate to reduce the leg slope when the large angle is large, thereby improving the carrying capacity and reliability of the leg and facilitating operation.

[0006] The technical scheme adopted by the present application to solve the technical problems is: a vehicle-mounted two-stage mechanical transmission leg, comprising an inner screw rod, an outer screw rod, an inner and outer screw rod locking block, a bearing, a main nut, an outer protective sleeve, a middle protective sleeve, an inner protective sleeve, a foot plate, a gear transmission mechanism and a driving device.

[0007] The outer sleeve is fixed on the carrier vehicle, and the middle sleeve and the inner sleeve are coaxially nested in the inner sleeve in sequence; the inner screw is coaxially installed in the inner sleeve, the upper end is connected to the outer sleeve through a bearing, and the lower end is provided with a plurality of protrusions; the outer screw is a hollow column, coaxially sleeved between the inner screw and the inner sleeve, the upper end is connected to the inner sleeve through a main nut, the lower end is provided with a flange, the outer diameter of the flange is larger than the outer diameter of the outer screw, and a plurality of radial tooth gaps are arranged on the outer edge of the flange; the lower end of the inner sleeve is provided with the foot plate supported on the ground; the driving device drives the inner screw to rotate around the axis through the gear transmission mechanism; the inner and outer screw lock blocks are disc-shaped structures, the outer edge of the upper end surface is provided with a plurality of sliding columns parallel to the axis, the sliding columns are embedded in the tooth gaps of the lower end flange of the outer screw, the center of the upper end surface is provided with a plurality of protrusions capable of being engaged with the protrusions on the lower end surface of the inner screw, and a plurality of springs are connected between the inner and outer screw lock blocks and the outer screw.

[0008] The inner screw is a stepped column structure, and the steps on the upper and lower sides of the largest outer diameter of the middle upper segment are respectively provided with bearings, the two bearings are closed in the bearing seat by bearing covers, and an upper end force component is formed to transmit the vertical load to the outer sleeve and then to the carrier vehicle.

[0009] The driving power source is a hydraulic motor or a motor with a speed reducer.

[0010] The upper end of the middle sleeve is provided with a screw middle segment support ring, the inner diameter of which is the same as the outer diameter of the outer screw, and the outer screw is supported.

[0011] The outer sleeve and the middle sleeve, and the middle sleeve and the inner sleeve are axially limited through the cooperation of the stepped surfaces, and are also used to bear the bending moment.

[0012] The foot plate comprises a movable plate, a roller and a fixed plate, the fixed plate is provided with a hollow cavity with an open upper end, recesses are symmetrically arranged on the opposite sides in the cavity, a plurality of rollers are installed in the recesses and can roll in place, the upper end of the movable plate is connected to the lower end of the inner sleeve through a ball head-ball socket, and the lower end is installed in the cavity of the fixed plate and moves on the rollers.

[0013] The outer diameter of the lower end of the movable plate is larger than the inner diameter of the opening of the cavity of the fixed plate, and the outer diameter of the upper end of the movable plate is the inner diameter of the opening of the cavity of the fixed plate, the movable plate is limited to move in the cavity of the fixed plate by installing a cover plate with an outer diameter larger than the inner diameter of the opening of the cavity of the fixed plate.

[0014] The separating mechanism is arranged between the gear transmission mechanism and the output shaft of the driving device, comprising a sliding gear, a cross rod, a nut and a screw rod, the sliding gear is coaxially installed on the output shaft of the driving device and is engaged with the primary gear of the gear transmission mechanism, one end of the screw rod is connected with the sliding gear through the cross rod, the other end of the screw rod passes through the transmission box shell and is matched with the nut, the screw rod is pulled by rotating the nut, and then the sliding gear is pulled to separate from the gear transmission mechanism.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present application are: through the revolutionary transformation and innovation of the motor drive, screw nut transmission / support, and the form of the supporting leg of the inner and outer sleeve protection, a new type of supporting leg structure with two-stage screw rods and three-layer sleeve boxes is pushed out, which greatly increases the telescopic stroke of the electric supporting leg, the stroke is almost twice that of the original structure, eliminates a major defect of the electric supporting leg, can better adapt to the support and leveling requirements of large-angle slopes and large-height differences, and also makes the large longitudinal load vehicle can also select the electric supporting leg as the supporting component.

[0016] The present application adopts a flexible mechanism to solve the problems of linkage and separation of the inner and outer screw rods according to requirements, support of the middle part of the large-stroke screw rod, and other important problems affecting the work of the supporting leg, and also sets movable foot plates and sliding gears to solve the bending problem of the supporting leg when lifting on a large slope and the power section separation problem when manually operating, and realizes stable work of the two-stage electric supporting leg in various working environments.

[0017] Compared with the two-stage lifting and leveling device for a shelter in patent CN202023249042.9, the present application does not need an intermediate platform, the patent adopts chain transmission, the present application adopts gear transmission and uses a sliding gear to realize the clutching of driving power, the present application and the patent have great differences in the linkage mode of the two-stage supporting leg, the patent and the present application have different application occasions and purposes, the patent is used for lifting and leveling of the platform on the vehicle, and the present application is an independent and compact device, which can be freely installed at a suitable position of the vehicle to realize the support and leveling of the vehicle.

[0018] The scheme of the present application solves the problems of insufficient stroke, inconvenient operation, and easy bending of the supporting leg of the mechanical transmission supporting leg, greatly expands the application range of the mechanical transmission supporting leg, and provides an ideal support and leveling tool for many special vehicles. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a front view of the two-stage mechanical transmission supporting leg (in the retracted state);

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic view of the inner and outer screw rod locking mechanism (in the locked state), wherein (a) is a two-dimensional sectional view, and (b) is a three-dimensional schematic view;

[0021] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the inner and outer screw locking mechanism (disengaged state);

[0022] Figure 4 is a disengaged state diagram of the transmission gear set, wherein (a) is a two-dimensional cross-sectional view, and (b) is a three-dimensional schematic diagram;

[0023] Figure 5 is a movable footboard structure diagram, wherein (a) is a two-dimensional cross-sectional view, and (b) is a three-dimensional schematic diagram;

[0024] Figure 6 is a two-stage mechanical transmission leg extension state diagram, wherein (a) is a first extension, and (b) is a second extension;

[0025] Figure 7 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the two-stage mechanical transmission leg in each state, wherein (a) is a retracted state, (b) is a first extension, and (c) is a second extension (not fully extended);

[0026] In the figure, 1 is an inner screw, 2 is a transmission gear box, 3 is a main bearing, 4 is an auxiliary bearing, 5 is a bearing seat, 6 is a bearing cover, 7 is a screw middle segment support nut, 8 is a main nut, 9 is a middle sleeve, 10 is an inner sleeve, 11 is a lock block reset spring, 12 is an inner and outer screw lock block, 13 is a footboard, 14 is an outer screw, 15 is an outer sleeve, 16 is a driving device, 17 is a sliding gear, 18 is a crossbar, 19 is a nut, 20 is a screw, 21 is a keyed shaft, 22 is a driven gear, 23 is a moving plate, 24 is a roller, 25 is a bottom plate, 26 is a screw, 27 is a ball head, 28 is a ball head baffle, 29 is an upper cover plate, and 30 is a footboard reset screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples, which include but are not limited to the following examples.

[0028] The vehicle-mounted two-stage mechanical transmission leg structure proposed by the present application is shown in Figure 1 which is composed of an inner screw 1, a transmission gear box 2, a main bearing 3, an auxiliary bearing 4, a bearing seat 5, a bearing cover 6, a screw middle segment support ring 7, a main nut 8, a middle sleeve 9, an inner sleeve 10, a lock block reset spring 11, an inner and outer screw lock block 12, a footboard 13, an outer screw 14, an outer sleeve 15, and a driving device 16.

[0029] The upper end of the inner screw 1, together with the main bearing 3, the auxiliary bearing 4, the bearing seat 5 and the bearing cover 6, forms an upper end force component, which transmits the vertical load to the outer cylinder 15 and further to the vehicle through the mounting member connected to the outer cylinder, while ensuring that the inner screw can rotate freely. The outer screw 14 is sleeved on the inner screw and is connected to the inner cylinder through the main nut 8 fixed to the inner cylinder. The lower end surface of the inner cylinder is provided with a foot plate to be connected to the ground. The upper part of the outer cylinder 15 is provided with a transmission gear box 2, which contains a gear transmission mechanism to transmit the rotary force from the driving power source (a motor with a speed reducer or a hydraulic motor) to the inner screw.

[0030] When the outrigger is extended from the retracted state to work, the driving power source is started, and the movement and force are transmitted to the inner screw through the transmission gear box. At this time, the inner and outer screw lock blocks 12 at the lower part of the inner and outer screws are embedded in the tooth gap of the flange at the bottom end of the outer screw on one side, so that the lock blocks and the outer screw are in a common rotating state. On the other side, the multiple radial protrusions on the upper end surface of the bottom plate are engaged with the protrusions of the same structure at the bottom end of the inner screw, so that the lock blocks and the inner screw are connected into one body. Finally, the inner screw drives the outer screw to rotate together through the lock blocks, and then drives the inner cylinder to move downward through the main nut 8, so that the outrigger starts to lengthen.

[0031] When the inner cylinder 10 being lengthened is about to be extended to the position, the bottom surface 8 of the main nut connected thereto touches the upper end of the inner and outer screw lock block 12, and further pushes it to move downward, and finally the embedded state of the inner and outer screw lock block and the inner screw is released, and the inner and outer screw is separated. At the same time, the lower edge of the main nut is in contact with the flange at the lower end of the outer screw, and the main nut and the inner cylinder are blocked and form an integral body with the outer screw. At this time, the inner and outer screws start to rotate with each other, and further push the outer screw, the inner cylinder and the middle cylinder 9 to move downward. This process is shown in

[0032] , Figure 2 、 3 、6.

[0033] When the outrigger is retracted, the driving power source is reversed, the screws are correspondingly reversed, and the two-stage nut-screw mechanism in the mechanism drives the cylinders to move upward, and the retraction is completed in turn.

[0034] When the above movement reaches the extension limit, the extension movement is completed and stopped. At this time, the screw middle section support ring 7 at the upper end of the middle cylinder can provide support for the lengthened screw group, avoiding damage caused by instability of the screw group under pressure.

[0035] After the above movement is completed, the total length of the outrigger is the sum of the lengths of the two-stage screws excluding the overlapping part, which is relative to

[0036] With only a single-stage screw support leg, the total extension of the support leg has nearly doubled, resulting in a significant performance improvement. At this point, the transmission and pressure-bearing mechanisms are protected by a three-stage casing, shielding them from external weather conditions, dust, and impacts. Simultaneously, each casing also bears the main bending moment, ensuring the screw assembly remains unaffected. Due to the intermediate support ring...

[0037] The presence of the screw greatly reduces the risk of instability, and the overall load-bearing capacity, stability, and reliability of the outriggers are well guaranteed.

[0038] The inner and outer screw locking blocks 12 are connected to several locking block return springs. These springs serve two purposes: first, to prevent the locking blocks from falling; and second, to pull the locking blocks back to their original position after the outer screw has retracted, thus completing the end-face engagement and locking of the inner and outer screws. (See [reference]). Figure 3 When the outrigger retracts, the inner and outer screws rotate relative to each other in the initial stage, with the inner screw moving downwards relative to the other, and its lower end face contacting the locking block. If they align perfectly, then...

[0039] The inner and outer screws rotate together as a single unit when engaged with the protrusions on the locking block. If misaligned, the inner screw continues to rotate, and the locking block moves downwards until the angle between the two sets of protrusions perfectly matches. At this point, the locking block moves upwards under the pull of the spring, thus locking the lock...

[0040] The locking block and the outer and inner screws connected to it are integrated to complete the locking process. This process requires no human intervention; locking / unlocking is completed automatically and reliably, which is one of the core innovations of this invention.

[0041] To prevent tilting that occurs when lifting the outriggers of the vehicle from an inclined section, the footplate 13 is designed with upper and lower sections.

[0042] A novel, movable structure. Movable feet, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the outrigger consists of a movable plate 23, rollers 24, a fixed plate 25, screws 26, five ball heads 27, ball head baffles 28, and a top cover ball head 29. The rollers are positioned in grooves on the left and right sides of the fixed plate, allowing them to roll in place. The movable plate can move horizontally along the multiple rollers, transferring the vertical load to the fixed plate and then to the ground via the roller array. It should be noted that the connection between the outrigger and the vehicle requires appropriate sway. The ball head-ball socket design allows the outrigger to tilt with the ground, maximizing the contact area. It also allows the outrigger's direction of movement to be adjusted according to terrain conditions, increasing its flexibility. Adjusting screws are located at both ends of the outrigger's base plate to adjust the outrigger's offset.

[0043] When the power source fails to function properly for various reasons, or needs repair or maintenance, an emergency manual mechanism is required to extend and retract the outriggers. Since the power source typically includes a high-speed reducer, significant resistance is generated; therefore, a separation mechanism is provided. (See [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 4The separation mechanism consists of a sliding gear 17, a crossbar 18, a nut 19, a screw 20, a keyed shaft 21, and a driven gear 22. The crossbar is fixedly connected to the sliding gear and, together with the screw, is positioned in a transverse groove within the sliding gear shaft (keyed shaft 21). During normal operation, the upper nut is loosened, and the crossbar and screw rotate with the sliding gear. For manual operation, rotating the nut 19 pulls the screw upwards, which in turn moves the sliding gear upwards, ultimately separating it from the lower gear. The sliding gear and the keyed shaft 21 can slide together and are connected by a flat key or spline. Rotating the square shaft at the top of the inner screw 1 with a handle or other tool allows the outrigger to extend or retract. Reversing the rotation of the nut 19 pushes the gear downwards, reconnecting it to the keyed shaft.

[0044] In the implementation of this invention, firstly according to Figure 1 The design and manufacture of various mechanical structural components, including internal and external screws, transmission gears, gearboxes, inner, middle, and outer casings, foot plates, and locking mechanisms for the internal and external screws, as well as a sliding gear separation mechanism, are completed. For ease of assembly, process ports can be opened on the same side of each casing. During manufacturing and assembly, attention must be paid to ensuring the dimensional and positional tolerances of each component and their inter-component relationships.

[0045] After the outriggers are assembled, they can be connected and secured to the vehicle using a suitable structure. The drive unit is activated, causing the screw to rotate and, through the main nut, extending the inner casing 10 outwards. Once the inner casing is fully extended, the main nut at its upper end pushes the inner and outer screw locking blocks 12 outwards, unlocking the outer screw 14 and causing it to rotate relative to the inner screw 1, continuing to extend the inner casing until the entire extension process is complete. Because the nut and screw mechanism has a self-locking function, the outriggers remain stable.

[0046] When leveling the inclined ground, before the outriggers touch the ground, push the fixed plate down the slope to the end and secure it with the adjusting screw to prevent the vehicle from slipping first. After or during leveling, loosen the screw, and the moving plate of the outriggers and the upper structure will slide down to straighten the outriggers.

[0047] When manual extension and retraction of the outriggers is required, first rotate the nut on the sliding gear of the transmission gearbox to move the screw upward, which in turn moves the sliding gear fixed to the screw upward until it is completely separated from the subsequent gear. At this point, manually rotate the square shaft at the top of the inner screw with a handle or other tool to extend and retract the outriggers.

Claims

1. A vehicle-mounted two-stage mechanical transmission outrigger, comprising an inner screw, an outer screw, inner and outer screw locking blocks, bearings, a main nut, an outer protective sleeve, a middle protective sleeve, an inner protective sleeve, a foot plate, a gear transmission mechanism, and a drive device, characterized in that, The outer protective sleeve is fixed to the vehicle, and a middle protective sleeve and an inner protective sleeve are coaxially nested inside it. The inner screw is coaxially installed inside the inner protective sleeve, with its upper end connected to the outer protective sleeve via a bearing, and its lower end face has several protrusions. The outer screw is a hollow cylinder, coaxially fitted between the inner screw and the inner protective sleeve, with its upper end connected to the inner protective sleeve via a main nut, and its lower end has a flange. The outer diameter of the flange is larger than the outer diameter of the outer screw, and the outer edge of the flange has several radial teeth. The lower end of the inner protective sleeve is supported on the ground by a foot plate. The driving device drives the inner screw to rotate around its own axis through the gear transmission mechanism. The inner and outer screw locking blocks are disc-shaped structures. Several sliding pins parallel to the axis are arranged on the outer edge of the upper end face. These sliding pins are embedded in the tooth gaps of the lower flange of the outer screw. Several protrusions are arranged at the center of the upper end face, which can engage with the protrusions on the lower end face of the inner screw. Several springs connect the inner and outer screw locking blocks to the outer screw. A screw middle section support ring is arranged at the upper end of the middle sleeve, with an inner diameter the same as the outer diameter of the outer screw, providing support for the outer screw. The outer sleeve and the middle sleeve, and the middle sleeve and the inner sleeve, are axially limited by the fit of stepped surfaces, which also serve to withstand bending moments.

2. The vehicle-mounted two-stage mechanical transmission outrigger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The internal screw is a stepped column structure. Bearings are installed on the upper and lower steps at the maximum outer diameter of the upper section. Both bearings are enclosed in the bearing housing by the bearing cap, forming the upper load-bearing component, which is used to transfer the vertical load to the outer casing and then to the vehicle.

3. The vehicle-mounted two-stage mechanical transmission outrigger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power source for the drive device is a hydraulic motor or a motor with a reducer.

4. The vehicle-mounted two-stage mechanical transmission outrigger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The foot plate includes a movable plate, rollers, and a fixed plate. The fixed plate has a hollow cavity with an opening at the top. Grooves are symmetrically arranged on opposite sides of the cavity. Several rollers are installed in the grooves at both ends and can roll in place. The upper end of the movable plate is connected to the lower end of the inner protective cylinder through a ball joint and ball socket, and the lower end is installed in the cavity of the fixed plate and moves on the rollers.

5. The vehicle-mounted two-stage mechanical transmission outrigger according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer diameter of the lower end of the moving plate is larger than the inner diameter of the cavity opening of the fixed plate, and the outer diameter of the upper end of the moving plate is larger than the inner diameter of the cavity opening of the fixed plate. The moving plate is restricted to move within the cavity of the fixed plate by installing a cover plate that is larger than the inner diameter of the cavity opening of the fixed plate.

6. The vehicle-mounted two-stage mechanical transmission outrigger according to claim 1, characterized in that, A separation mechanism is provided between the gear transmission mechanism and the output shaft of the drive device, including a sliding gear, a crossbar, a nut, and a screw. The sliding gear is coaxially mounted on the output shaft of the drive device and meshes with the first-stage gear of the gear transmission mechanism. One end of the screw is connected to the sliding gear through the crossbar, and the other end passes through the transmission housing and engages with the nut. By rotating the nut, the screw is pulled, thereby pulling the sliding gear away from the gear transmission mechanism.

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