An ammonia-doped multi-stage swirl burner with an adjustable axial air classification section

Abstract

The present invention relates to an ammonia - doped multi - stage swirl burner with an adjustable axial air staging section. It includes: a combustion chamber housing which has a hollow combustion chamber; a primary swirl cavity including a primary swirler, an intake pipe, a gasket, and a perforated plate; a secondary swirl cavity including a secondary swirler, an intake pipe, a gasket, and a perforated plate; a tertiary swirl cavity including a tertiary swirler, an intake pipe, a gasket, and a perforated plate; a staging air cavity which is in threaded fit with the tertiary swirl cavity and can move freely axially; a central fixing rod which is fixedly in threaded fit with the primary swirler. The primary, secondary, and tertiary swirl cavities are fixedly in threaded fit in sequence. The tertiary swirl cavity can achieve a combination of multi - fuel and multi - combustion modes of ammonia. The staging air cavity can inject secondary air at different axial positions in the combustion chamber to reduce the emission level of nitrogen oxides.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of combustion equipment, and in particular to an ammonia-doped multi-stage swirl burner with an adjustable axial air staging section. Background Art

[0002] Due to its excellent combustion stability performance, swirl burners have been widely used in the practical applications of coal-fired boilers and gas turbines. Laboratory-scale single-stage swirl burners are also widely used by universities and research institutions to study and simulate various characteristics in actual industrial combustion, so as to explore the combustion performance of various fuels and guide the design of new industrial burners with more excellent performance.

[0003] However, there is only one swirler in the swirl burners in each laboratory, and only the characteristics of fuel in this single combustion mode can be studied, which has great limitations. Moreover, ammonia has a low laminar flame speed, poor flame stability, a narrow combustion limit range, and extremely high nitrogen oxide emissions. At present, it is difficult for existing combustion test benches to explore the best way to solve the above problems. If the combination of multiple combustion modes can be achieved in one burner, the research scope of the burner will be greatly improved, and the optimal combustion mode of specific fuels can be explored more widely through the axial air staging method.

[0004] Chinese Patent CN113864775A discloses an ammonia-doped multiphase fuel staged swirl burner, including: a combustion cylinder body, the combustion cylinder body having a first end and a second end arranged opposite to each other, the combustion cylinder body further having a hollow combustion chamber, the combustion chamber communicating to the outside of the combustion cylinder body through the second end, the combustion chamber having a central combustion zone, an ammonia-fuel mixing combustion zone, and a burnout zone along the axial direction from the middle region of the combustion chamber; a central combustion structure arranged at the first end of the combustion cylinder body, one end of the central combustion structure passing through the first end and extending into the central combustion zone of the combustion chamber; and an ammonia-fuel mixing combustion structure arranged at the first end of the combustion cylinder body and sleeved outside the central combustion structure, one end of the ammonia-fuel mixing combustion structure passing through the first end and extending into the ammonia-fuel mixing combustion zone of the combustion chamber, realizing multi-stage stable combustion and multi-stage rich and lean combustion to inhibit NOx generation with multi-effect coupling. However, this patent focuses on the axial staged combustion method of fuel, and its fuel and air nozzles are fixedly arranged at different axial positions, and the position of the air inlet downstream of the combustion chamber cannot be flexibly adjusted. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to overcome the defects existing in the above-mentioned prior art and provide an ammonia-doped multi-stage swirl burner with an adjustable axial air staging section. Three swirlers are coaxially designed in a burner. The three swirlers can intake air separately and inject gas into the combustion chamber separately, enabling multi-fuel ammonia doping and the combination of multiple combustion modes. By adopting a fuel or fuel-air premixed gas swirl nozzle arranged radially in the burner and the staging air inlet downstream of the combustion chamber can be flexibly adjusted at different axial positions. At the same time, combined with the designed staging air cavity, the position of injecting secondary air into the combustion chamber can be changed to explore the optimal secondary air injection method, which further broadens the scope of research.

[0006] The object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] An ammonia-doped multi-stage swirl burner with an adjustable axial air staging section, comprising a central fixed rod, a primary swirl cavity, a secondary swirl cavity, a tertiary swirl cavity and a staging air cavity,

[0008] The central fixed rod is arranged at the central position of the ammonia-doped multi-stage swirl burner,

[0009] The primary swirl cavity is arranged outside the central fixed rod. The primary swirl cavity includes a primary inlet pipe and a primary swirler. One end of the primary swirler is connected to the primary inlet pipe, and the other end of the primary swirler is connected to the staging air cavity;

[0010] The secondary swirl cavity is arranged outside the primary swirl cavity. The secondary swirl cavity includes a secondary inlet pipe and a secondary swirler. One end of the secondary swirler is connected to the secondary inlet pipe, and the other end of the secondary swirler is connected to the staging air cavity;

[0011] The tertiary swirl cavity is arranged outside the secondary swirl cavity. The tertiary swirl cavity includes a tertiary inlet pipe and a tertiary swirler. One end of the tertiary swirler is connected to the tertiary inlet pipe, and the other end of the tertiary swirler is connected to the staging air cavity;

[0012] The staging air cavity is arranged outside the tertiary swirl cavity. A combustion chamber is arranged inside the staging air cavity. The staging air cavity injects secondary air into different positions in the combustion chamber through axial movement to reduce the emission level of nitrogen oxides.

[0013] Furthermore, the primary inlet pipe and the primary swirler are connected in a threaded form.

[0014] Furthermore, the secondary inlet pipe and the secondary swirler are connected in a threaded form.

[0015] Furthermore, the tertiary inlet pipe and the tertiary swirler are connected in a threaded form.

[0016] Furthermore, the primary cyclone, secondary cyclone and tertiary cyclone are selected from cyclones with the same size but different styles.

[0017] Furthermore, the central fixing rod, primary cyclone, secondary cyclone, tertiary cyclone and classification air cavity are tightly fitted in sequence from the inside to the outside through radial threads to form a three-stage annular swirling air inlet.

[0018] Furthermore, the primary air inlet pipe, secondary air inlet pipe and tertiary air inlet pipe are tightly fitted in sequence from the inside to the outside through radial threads.

[0019] Furthermore, the primary swirling cavity further includes a primary perforated plate. A circular protrusion is provided at the tail of the central fixing rod, and the protrusion is used to fix the primary perforated plate. The primary perforated plate is located outside the protrusion, and the primary perforated plate is used to make the air flow uniform and improve the mixing efficiency of fuel gas and oxidant in the premixed combustion mode.

[0020] Furthermore, the primary swirling cavity further includes a primary gasket, and the primary gasket is arranged between the primary air inlet pipe and the primary cyclone, and the primary gasket is used to enhance the sealing performance.

[0021] Furthermore, the secondary swirling cavity further includes a secondary perforated plate. A circular protrusion is provided at the tail of the primary air inlet pipe, and the protrusion is used to fix the secondary perforated plate. The secondary perforated plate is located outside the protrusion, and the secondary perforated plate is used to make the air flow uniform and improve the mixing efficiency of fuel gas and oxidant in the premixed combustion mode.

[0022] Furthermore, the secondary swirling cavity further includes a secondary gasket, and the secondary gasket is arranged between the secondary air inlet pipe and the secondary cyclone, and the secondary gasket is used to enhance the sealing performance.

[0023] Furthermore, the tertiary swirling cavity further includes a tertiary perforated plate. A circular protrusion is provided at the tail of the secondary air inlet pipe, and the protrusion is used to fix the tertiary perforated plate. The tertiary perforated plate is located outside the protrusion, and the tertiary perforated plate is used to make the air flow uniform and improve the mixing efficiency of fuel gas and oxidant in the premixed combustion mode.

[0024] Furthermore, the tertiary swirling cavity further includes a tertiary gasket, and the tertiary gasket is arranged between the tertiary air inlet pipe and the tertiary cyclone, and the tertiary gasket is used to enhance the sealing performance.

[0025] Furthermore, two air inlet holes are opened at the tail of the primary air inlet pipe.

[0026] Furthermore, the intake holes can intake air simultaneously. When the same gas enters through both intake holes, the airflow passes through the primary perforated plate, enhancing the uniformity of the airflow. When fuel enters through one intake hole and oxidizer enters through the other intake hole, it can simultaneously enhance the airflow uniformity and improve the mixing efficiency. Then, it enters the combustion chamber through the primary swirler for combustion.

[0027] Furthermore, two intake holes are provided at the tail of the secondary intake pipe.

[0028] Furthermore, the intake holes can intake air simultaneously. When the same gas enters through both intake holes, the airflow passes through the secondary perforated plate, enhancing the uniformity of the airflow. When fuel enters through one intake hole and oxidizer enters through the other intake hole, it can simultaneously enhance the airflow uniformity and improve the mixing efficiency. Then, it enters the combustion chamber through the secondary swirler for combustion.

[0029] Furthermore, two intake holes are provided at the tail of the tertiary intake pipe.

[0030] Furthermore, the intake holes can intake air simultaneously. When the same gas enters through both intake holes, the airflow passes through the tertiary perforated plate, enhancing the uniformity of the airflow. When fuel enters through one intake hole and oxidizer enters through the other intake hole, it can simultaneously enhance the airflow uniformity and improve the mixing efficiency. Then, it enters the combustion chamber through the tertiary swirler for combustion. Generally, the tertiary swirl cavity is used to inject radial secondary air.

[0031] Furthermore, one intake hole is provided at the tail of the staged air cavity, and a staged air flow cavity is arranged inside. Six staged air injection holes are provided at the head of the inner wall of the staged air flow cavity. The six staged air injection holes are respectively connected to the primary swirler, secondary swirler, and tertiary swirler. The air flowing inside is preheated by the swirling flame in the combustion chamber through the inner wall of the staged air flow cavity.

[0032] Furthermore, the six staged air injection holes are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the central fixing rod, and the six staged air injection holes are sequentially connected to the primary swirler, secondary swirler, and tertiary swirler from the inside to the outside.

[0033] Furthermore, the staged air injection holes are threadedly connected to the primary swirler, secondary swirler, and tertiary swirler.

[0034] Furthermore, a combustion chamber housing support and a combustion chamber housing are arranged outside the staged air cavity. A groove is provided on the combustion chamber housing support, and the combustion chamber housing is connected to the combustion chamber housing support through the groove. The combustion chamber housing is used to confine the flame.

[0035] Furthermore, the stepped air cavity and the combustion chamber housing support are in threaded engagement.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0037] 1. In the ammonia-doped multi-stage swirl burner provided by the present invention, through the combined use of three swirl inlets, multi-fuel premixed combustion, non-premixed combustion, and partial premixed combustion forms can be achieved;

[0038] 2. In the ammonia-doped multi-stage swirl burner provided by the present invention, through the threaded engagement between the stepped air cavity and the three-stage swirler cavity, it can move freely axially;

[0039] 3. In the ammonia-doped multi-stage swirl burner provided by the present invention, through the three-stage swirl cavity, the combination of multi-fuel and multi-combustion modes of ammonia can be achieved;

[0040] 4. In the ammonia-doped multi-stage swirl burner provided by the present invention, through the stepped air cavity, secondary air can be injected at different axial positions in the combustion chamber to reduce the emission level of nitrogen oxides;

[0041] 5. The ammonia-doped multi-stage swirl burner with an adjustable axial air staging section provided by the present invention can achieve the auxiliary effect of other active fuel flames on the ammonia flame and realize the stable combustion of ammonia;

[0042] 6. Axial air staging has been proven to be an effective way to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions from ammonia flames. However, both the injection position and amount of the staged air need to be precisely controlled. In the present invention, the fuel or fuel-air premixed gas swirl nozzles are radially staged in the burner, and the staged air inlet downstream of the combustion chamber can be flexibly adjusted at different axial positions. Therefore, in the ammonia-doped multi-stage swirl burner provided by the present invention, through the stepped air cavity, staged air can be precisely injected at different axial positions in the combustion chamber to explore the optimal way to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions and improve combustion efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure view of the ammonia-doped multi-stage swirl burner with an adjustable axial air staging section of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a central axis sectional view of the head of the ammonia-doped multi-stage swirl burner with an adjustable axial air staging section shown in ;

[0045] Figure 3 is Figure 1 a central axis sectional view of the tail of the ammonia-doped multi-stage swirl burner with an adjustable axial air staging section shown in ;

[0046] Figure 4 isFigure 1 Cross-sectional view of the staging air cavity of the ammonia-doped multi-stage swirl burner with an adjustable axial air staging section shown

[0047] Figure 5 For Figure 1 Modeling three-dimensional view of the ammonia-doped multi-stage swirl burner with an adjustable axial air staging section shown, cut open without the combustion chamber housing

[0048] Explanation of the reference numerals in the attached drawings: 110, primary swirl cavity; 111, primary perforated plate; 112, primary intake pipe; 113, primary swirler; 114, primary gasket; 120, secondary swirl cavity; 121, secondary perforated plate; 122, secondary intake pipe; 123, secondary swirler; 124, secondary gasket; 130, tertiary swirl cavity; 131, tertiary perforated plate; 132, tertiary intake pipe; 133, tertiary swirler; 134, tertiary gasket; 140, combustion chamber housing support; 150, staging air cavity; 160, combustion chamber housing; 170, central fixing rod Detailed implementation manners

[0049] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments

[0050] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance

[0051] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations

[0052] Embodiment

[0053] See Figures 1 to 5, this embodiment provides an ammonia - doped multi - stage swirl burner with an adjustable axial air classification section, which includes a central fixed rod 170, a primary swirl cavity 110, a secondary swirl cavity 120, a tertiary swirl cavity 130, and a classified air cavity 150.

[0054] The central fixed rod 170 is arranged at the central position of the ammonia - doped multi - stage swirl burner.

[0055] The primary swirl cavity 110 is arranged outside the central fixed rod 170. The primary swirl cavity 110 includes a primary inlet pipe 112 and a primary swirler 113. One end of the primary swirler 113 is connected to the primary inlet pipe 112, and the other end of the primary swirler 113 is connected to the classified air cavity 150.

[0056] The secondary swirl cavity 120 is arranged outside the primary swirl cavity 110. The secondary swirl cavity 120 includes a secondary inlet pipe 122 and a secondary swirler 123. One end of the secondary swirler 123 is connected to the secondary inlet pipe 122, and the other end of the secondary swirler 123 is connected to the classified air cavity 150.

[0057] The tertiary swirl cavity 130 is arranged outside the secondary swirl cavity 120. The tertiary swirl cavity 130 includes a tertiary inlet pipe 132 and a tertiary swirler 133. One end of the tertiary swirler 133 is connected to the tertiary inlet pipe 132, and the other end of the tertiary swirler 133 is connected to the classified air cavity 150.

[0058] The classified air cavity 150 is arranged outside the tertiary swirl cavity 130. A combustion chamber is provided inside the classified air cavity 150. The classified air cavity 150 injects secondary air into different positions in the combustion chamber through axial movement to reduce the emission level of nitrogen oxides.

[0059] In this embodiment, the primary inlet pipe 112 and the primary swirler 113 are connected in a threaded form.

[0060] In this embodiment, the secondary inlet pipe 122 and the secondary swirler 123 are connected in a threaded form.

[0061] In this embodiment, the tertiary inlet pipe 132 and the tertiary swirler 133 are connected in a threaded form.

[0062] In this embodiment, the primary swirler 113, the secondary swirler 123, and the tertiary swirler 133 are selected from swirlers with the same size but different styles.

[0063] In this embodiment, the central fixing rod 170, the primary cyclone 113, the secondary cyclone 123, the tertiary cyclone 133, and the classification air cavity 150 are tightly fitted in sequence from the inside to the outside through radial threads to form a three-stage annular swirling air inlet.

[0064] In this embodiment, the primary air inlet pipe 112, the secondary air inlet pipe 122, and the tertiary air inlet pipe 132 are tightly fitted in sequence from the inside to the outside through radial threads.

[0065] In this embodiment, the primary swirling cavity 110 further includes a primary perforated plate 111. A circular protrusion is provided at the tail of the central fixing rod 170, and the protrusion is used to fix the primary perforated plate 111. The primary perforated plate 111 is located outside the protrusion. The primary perforated plate 111 is used to make the air flow uniform and improve the mixing efficiency of the fuel gas and the oxidant in the premixed combustion mode.

[0066] In this embodiment, the primary swirling cavity 110 further includes a primary gasket 114. The primary gasket 114 is arranged between the primary air inlet pipe 112 and the primary cyclone 113, and the primary gasket 114 is used to enhance the sealing performance.

[0067] In this embodiment, the secondary swirling cavity 120 further includes a secondary perforated plate 121. A circular protrusion is provided at the tail of the primary air inlet pipe 112, and the protrusion is used to fix the secondary perforated plate 121. The secondary perforated plate 121 is located outside the protrusion. The secondary perforated plate 121 is used to make the air flow uniform and improve the mixing efficiency of the fuel gas and the oxidant in the premixed combustion mode.

[0068] In this embodiment, the secondary swirling cavity 120 further includes a secondary gasket 124. The secondary gasket 124 is arranged between the secondary air inlet pipe 122 and the secondary cyclone 123, and the secondary gasket 124 is used to enhance the sealing performance.

[0069] In this embodiment, the tertiary swirling cavity 130 further includes a tertiary perforated plate 131. A circular protrusion is provided at the tail of the secondary air inlet pipe 122, and the protrusion is used to fix the tertiary perforated plate 131. The tertiary perforated plate 131 is located outside the protrusion. The tertiary perforated plate 131 is used to make the air flow uniform and improve the mixing efficiency of the fuel gas and the oxidant in the premixed combustion mode.

[0070] In this embodiment, the tertiary swirling cavity 130 further includes a tertiary gasket 134. The tertiary gasket 134 is arranged between the tertiary air inlet pipe 132 and the tertiary cyclone 133, and the tertiary gasket 134 is used to enhance the sealing performance.

[0071] In this embodiment, two air inlet holes are provided at the tail of the primary intake pipe 112, and the air inlet holes can intake air simultaneously. When the same kind of gas enters through the two air inlet holes simultaneously, the air flow passes through the primary perforated plate 111, and the uniformity of the air flow will be enhanced; when gas enters through one air inlet hole and oxidant enters through the other air inlet hole, the functions of enhancing the air flow uniformity and improving the mixing efficiency can be achieved simultaneously, and then it enters the combustion chamber through the primary swirler 113 for combustion.

[0072] In this embodiment, two air inlet holes are provided at the tail of the secondary intake pipe 122, and the air inlet holes can intake air simultaneously. When the same kind of gas enters through the two air inlet holes simultaneously, the air flow passes through the secondary perforated plate 121, and the uniformity of the air flow will be enhanced; when gas enters through one air inlet hole and oxidant enters through the other air inlet hole, the functions of enhancing the air flow uniformity and improving the mixing efficiency can be achieved simultaneously, and then it enters the combustion chamber through the secondary swirler 123 for combustion.

[0073] In this embodiment, two air inlet holes are provided at the tail of the tertiary intake pipe 132, and the air inlet holes can intake air simultaneously. When the same kind of gas enters through the two air inlet holes simultaneously, the air flow passes through the tertiary perforated plate 131, and the uniformity of the air flow will be enhanced; when gas enters through one air inlet hole and oxidant enters through the other air inlet hole, the functions of enhancing the air flow uniformity and improving the mixing efficiency can be achieved simultaneously, and then it enters the combustion chamber through the tertiary swirler 133 for combustion. Usually, the tertiary swirl cavity is used to inject radial secondary air.

[0074] In this embodiment, one air inlet hole is provided at the tail of the staged air cavity 150, and a staged air flow cavity is arranged inside. Six staged air injection holes are provided at the head of the inner wall of the staged air flow cavity. The six staged air injection holes are respectively connected to the primary swirler 113, the secondary swirler 123 and the tertiary swirler 133. The air flowing through the inside is preheated by the swirling flame in the combustion chamber through the inner wall of the staged air flow cavity. The six staged air injection holes are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the central fixing rod 170. The six staged air injection holes are sequentially connected to the primary swirler 113, the secondary swirler 123 and the tertiary swirler 133 by threads from the inside to the outside.

[0075] In this embodiment, a combustion chamber housing support 140 and a combustion chamber housing 160 are arranged outside the staged air cavity 150. A groove is provided on the combustion chamber housing support 140, and the combustion chamber housing 160 is connected to the combustion chamber housing support 140 through the groove. The combustion chamber housing 160 is used to restrict the flame, and the staged air cavity 150 is in threaded fit with the combustion chamber housing support 140.

[0076] In addition, this embodiment also provides a method for using an ammonia - doped multi - stage swirl burner with an adjustable axial air staging section, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0077] Refer to Figures 1 to 3 , two intake openings at the tail of the primary intake pipe 112 respectively introduce ammonia and air. At this time, the mixing state of the two gases is not ideal. After passing through the primary perforated plate 111, it becomes a uniformly mixed ammonia - air mixture. This mixture enters the interior of the combustion chamber through the primary swirler 113 to form an inner - layer premixed ammonia flame. This swirling flame will generate an internal recirculation zone, entraining high - temperature flue gas to maintain the stability of the ammonia flame.

[0078] Two intake openings at the tail of the secondary intake pipe 122 respectively introduce natural gas and air. After flowing through the secondary perforated plate 121, it becomes a uniformly mixed natural - gas - air mixture. This mixture enters the interior of the combustion chamber through the secondary swirler 123 to form an outer - layer premixed natural - gas flame. This natural - gas flame will wrap the inner - layer ammonia flame, providing sufficient heat to maintain combustion for the subsequently injected ammonia - air mixture.

[0079] It should be noted that in this specific embodiment, whether it is the inner - layer ammonia flame or the outer - layer natural - gas flame, the local equivalence ratio of both is greater than 1, creating a fuel - rich condition to reduce the generation of nitrogen oxides in the main combustion zone, and the unburned gas is consumed in the secondary combustion zone downstream of the combustion chamber.

[0080] Both intake openings at the tail of the tertiary intake pipe 132 introduce radial secondary air. After the air flow passes through the tertiary perforated plate 131, it becomes more uniform and then enters the combustion chamber through the tertiary swirler 133 to provide radial secondary air for the ammonia and methane flames. Partial premixed combustion of ammonia and natural gas is achieved in the entire combustion chamber housing 160.

[0081] Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 , air is introduced into the intake port of the staging air cavity 150. After absorbing the heat of the high - temperature flame in the inner cavity, it enters the combustion chamber from the nozzle at the head. A secondary combustion zone in the combustion chamber is created to improve the combustion efficiency and reduce the emission level of nitrogen oxides.

[0082] It should be noted that axial air staging has been proven to be an effective way to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions from ammonia flames, but the injection position and amount of the staging air need to be precisely controlled. In this specific embodiment, the staging air cavity 150 can accurately inject staging air at different positions along the axis of the combustion chamber to explore the optimal way to reduce nitrogen oxide emission levels and improve combustion efficiency.

[0083] The ammonia-doped multi-stage swirl burner with an adjustable axial air staging section can achieve the auxiliary effect of other active fuel flames on the ammonia flame and realize the stable combustion of ammonia.

[0084] Certainly, in other embodiments of the present invention, the ammonia-doped multi-stage swirl burner with an adjustable axial air staging section can also be applied to experiments on the combined combustion of various other fuel combinations.

[0085] The above description of the embodiments is to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to understand and use the invention. It is obvious that those skilled in the art can easily make various modifications to these embodiments and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without creative labor. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention according to the disclosure of the present invention should be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ammonia - doped multi - stage swirl burner with an adjustable axial air classification section, characterized in that, It includes a central fixed rod (170), a primary swirl cavity (110), a secondary swirl cavity (120), a tertiary swirl cavity (130) and a staged air cavity (150). The central fixed rod (170) is arranged at the central position of the ammonia-doped multi-stage swirl burner. The primary swirl cavity (110) is arranged outside the central fixed rod (170). The primary swirl cavity (110) includes a primary intake pipe (112) and a primary swirler (113). One end of the primary swirler (113) is connected to the primary intake pipe (112), and the other end of the primary swirler (113) is connected to the staged air cavity (150). The secondary swirl cavity (120) is arranged outside the primary swirl cavity (110). The secondary swirl cavity (120) includes a secondary intake pipe (122) and a secondary swirler (123). One end of the secondary swirler (123) is connected to the secondary intake pipe (122), and the other end of the secondary swirler (123) is connected to the staged air cavity (150). The tertiary swirl cavity (130) is arranged outside the secondary swirl cavity (120). The tertiary swirl cavity (130) includes a tertiary intake pipe (132) and a tertiary swirler (133). One end of the tertiary swirler (133) is connected to the tertiary intake pipe (132), and the other end of the tertiary swirler (133) is connected to the staged air cavity (150). The staged air cavity (150) is arranged outside the tertiary swirl cavity (130). A combustion chamber is provided inside the staged air cavity (150), and the staged air cavity (150) injects secondary air into different positions inside the combustion chamber through axial movement. The primary swirl cavity (110) further includes a primary perforated plate (111). A circular protrusion is provided at the tail of the central fixed rod (170). The protrusion is used to fix the primary perforated plate (111). The primary perforated plate (111) is located outside the protrusion. The primary perforated plate (111) is used to equalize the air flow and improve the mixing efficiency of the fuel gas and the oxidant in the premixed combustion mode. The secondary swirl cavity (120) further includes a secondary perforated plate (121). A circular protrusion is provided at the tail of the primary intake pipe (112). The protrusion is used to fix the secondary perforated plate (121). The secondary perforated plate (121) is located outside the protrusion. The secondary perforated plate (121) is used to equalize the air flow and improve the mixing efficiency of the fuel gas and the oxidant in the premixed combustion mode. The tertiary swirl cavity (130) further includes a tertiary perforated plate (131). A circular protrusion is provided at the tail of the secondary intake pipe (122). The protrusion is used to fix the tertiary perforated plate (131). The tertiary perforated plate (131) is located outside the protrusion. The tertiary perforated plate (131) is used to equalize the air flow and improve the mixing efficiency of the fuel gas and the oxidant in the premixed combustion mode.

2. The ammonia-doped multi-stage swirl burner with an adjustable axial air classification section according to claim 1, wherein, The primary intake pipe (112) and the primary swirler (113) are connected in a threaded form. The secondary intake pipe (122) and the secondary cyclone (123) are connected in a threaded form; The tertiary intake pipe (132) and the tertiary cyclone (133) are connected in a threaded form.

3. The ammonia-doped multi-stage swirl burner with an adjustable axial air classification section according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central fixing rod (170), the primary cyclone (113), the secondary cyclone (123), the tertiary cyclone (133) and the classification air cavity (150) are tightly fitted in sequence from inside to outside through radial threads to form a three-stage annular swirling air inlet.

4. A multi-stage swirl burner with ammonia injection and an adjustable axial air classification section according to claim 1, characterized in that, The primary intake pipe (112), the secondary intake pipe (122) and the tertiary intake pipe (132) are tightly fitted in sequence from inside to outside through radial threads.

5. A multi-stage swirl burner with ammonia injection and an adjustable axial air classification section according to claim 1, characterized in that, The primary swirling cavity (110) further includes a primary gasket (114), and the primary gasket (114) is arranged between the primary intake pipe (112) and the primary cyclone (113); The secondary swirling cavity (120) further includes a secondary gasket (124), and the secondary gasket (124) is arranged between the secondary intake pipe (122) and the secondary cyclone (123); The tertiary swirling cavity (130) further includes a tertiary gasket (134), and the tertiary gasket (134) is arranged between the tertiary intake pipe (132) and the tertiary cyclone (133).

6. A staged ammonia - doped multi - stage swirl burner with an adjustable axial air classification section according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two air intake holes are opened at the tail of the primary intake pipe (112); Two air intake holes are opened at the tail of the secondary intake pipe (122); Two air intake holes are opened at the tail of the tertiary intake pipe (132).

7. A multi-stage swirl ammonia-injected burner with an adjustable axial air classification section according to claim 1, characterized in that, One air intake hole is opened at the tail of the classification air cavity (150), and a classification air flow cavity is arranged inside. Six classification air injection holes are opened at the head of the inner wall of the classification air flow cavity, and the six classification air injection holes are respectively connected to the primary cyclone (113), the secondary cyclone (123) and the tertiary cyclone (133).

8. A staged ammonia injection multi - stage swirl burner with an adjustable axial air classification section according to claim 7, characterized in that, The classification air injection holes are connected to the primary cyclone (113), the secondary cyclone (123) and the tertiary cyclone (133) by threads.

9. The ammonia-doped multi-stage swirl burner with an adjustable axial air classification section according to claim 1, characterized in that, A combustion chamber housing support (140) and a combustion chamber housing (160) are arranged outside the classification air cavity (150). A groove is arranged on the combustion chamber housing support (140), and the combustion chamber housing (160) is connected to the combustion chamber housing support (140) through the groove. The combustion chamber housing (160) is used to restrict the flame; The classification air cavity (150) and the combustion chamber housing support (140) are in threaded fit.

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