Hydrogen energy emergency power supply

Abstract

The application relates to a hydrogen energy emergency power supply, which comprises a low-pressure solid-state hydrogen storage bottle filled with solid-state hydrogen storage material, a fuel cell stack power generation device comprising a fuel cell stack and a fuel cell stack control box, the fuel cell stack being connected with the low-pressure solid-state hydrogen storage bottle, the low-pressure solid-state hydrogen storage bottle providing hydrogen fuel for the fuel cell stack, the fuel cell stack being connected with the fuel cell stack control box through a control line, and an inverter being connected with the fuel cell stack control box and used for controlling the working state of the hydrogen energy emergency power supply. The hydrogen energy emergency power supply solves the problems of the current traditional emergency power supply, such as environmental pollution, poor safety performance and low energy conversion efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of emergency power generation technology, and in particular to a hydrogen-powered emergency power source. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, fossil fuels are scarce, and the pollution caused by their combustion is forcing people to seek new, green energy sources. Hydrogen, with its high energy density, has attracted much attention from the scientific community. Hydrogen reacts with oxygen in a catalytic process, producing only water as a byproduct, making it a truly green energy source. With the continuous maturation of hydrogen-air fuel cell technology, it has reached commercialization potential, driving continuous innovation in downstream products.

[0003] In terms of hydrogen storage technology, solid-state hydrogen storage has advantages such as high hydrogen storage density, low pressure, good safety, and high hydrogen purity, making it an important development direction for future hydrogen energy storage and transportation technology.

[0004] Emergency power supplies are favored by various industries because they offer the advantage of providing both DC and AC power outputs, playing a crucial role in field operations, disaster relief, and power outages. However, traditional emergency power supplies typically use lead-acid or lithium-ion batteries as energy storage sources. Lead-acid batteries have a low energy density, resulting in short operating times for portable power supplies, requiring regular charging and maintenance, and causing environmental pollution. Lithium-ion batteries, due to the inherent properties of lithium, are prone to catching fire or exploding under high current output, posing a certain danger. They also require regular charging and maintenance, have strict operating temperature requirements, and are expensive, all of which limit the performance of portable power supplies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a hydrogen-powered emergency power supply with good energy conversion efficiency and safe and clean use.

[0007] (II) Technical Solution

[0008] To address the above problems, this invention provides a hydrogen-powered emergency power supply, comprising:

[0009] Low-pressure solid hydrogen storage cylinder, which is filled with solid hydrogen storage material;

[0010] A fuel cell stack power generation device includes a fuel cell stack and a fuel cell stack control box; the fuel cell stack is connected to a low-pressure solid hydrogen storage tank, and the low-pressure solid hydrogen storage tank supplies hydrogen fuel to the fuel cell stack; the fuel cell stack is connected to the fuel cell stack control box via control lines.

[0011] An inverter, connected to the fuel cell stack control box, is used to control the operating status of the hydrogen emergency power supply. Optionally, the low-pressure solid hydrogen storage cylinder includes a tank and a pressure reducing valve disposed on the top of the tank, the pressure reducing valve being connected to the fuel cell stack.

[0012] Optionally, the fuel cell stack power generation device further includes an inlet solenoid valve and an exhaust solenoid valve. The hydrogen inlet pipe of the fuel cell stack is connected to the inlet solenoid valve, the inlet solenoid valve is connected to the pressure reducing valve of the low-pressure solid hydrogen storage tank, and the hydrogen outlet pipe of the fuel cell stack is connected to the exhaust solenoid valve.

[0013] Optionally, the system further includes a housing, which contains a first chamber and a second chamber. The low-pressure solid hydrogen storage cylinder is disposed in the first chamber, and heat exchange fins are fitted around the outside of the cylinder. The fuel cell stack is disposed in the second chamber, and a heat transfer fan is provided in the second chamber to transfer the heat generated by the fuel cell stack to the heat exchange fins.

[0014] Optionally, a convection fan is provided on the top of the first housing.

[0015] Optionally, the solid hydrogen storage material is one of rare earth-based, titanium-based, vanadium-based, or magnesium-based hydrogen storage materials and their alloys.

[0016] Optionally, it also includes a control switch and a starting battery. The fuel cell stack, fuel cell stack control box, inverter, and starting battery are all connected to the control switch. The inverter controls the working state of the hydrogen emergency power supply through a circuit and charges the starting battery when the load is less than the rated power.

[0017] Optionally, the control switch is a three-position rotary switch.

[0018] Optionally, the inverter also includes a display connected to the inverter, the display showing current, voltage, power, and time information.

[0019] Optionally, there are multiple low-pressure solid hydrogen storage cylinders, and each low-pressure solid hydrogen storage cylinder is equipped with a cylinder valve.

[0020] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0021] In the hydrogen emergency power supply of this invention, a low-pressure solid hydrogen storage cylinder is used to provide hydrogen energy to the fuel cell stack power generation device. It utilizes the advantages of low-pressure solid hydrogen storage, such as high density, low pressure, good safety, high hydrogen purity, and multiple hydrogen charging and discharging cycles. Combined with the significant advantages of high energy conversion efficiency and zero carbon emissions of hydrogen energy, it solves the problems of environmental pollution, poor safety performance, and low energy conversion efficiency of current traditional emergency power supplies. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the hydrogen energy emergency power supply structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the hydrogen-powered emergency power supply of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the heat exchange fin structure of the solid hydrogen storage and supply device of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a discharge power curve of the hydrogen-powered emergency power supply of the present invention.

[0026] [Explanation of Labels in the Attached Image]

[0027] 1: Shell; 2: Low-pressure solid hydrogen storage tank; 3: Heat exchange fins; 4: Tank valve; 5: Pressure reducing valve; 6: Inlet solenoid valve; 7: Exhaust solenoid valve; 8: Fuel cell stack control box; 9: Fuel cell stack; 10: Inverter; 11: Starter battery; 12: Control switch; 13: Display; 14: Convection fan; 15: Heat transfer fan; 16: Output port. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To better explain and facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0029] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0030] like Figure 1-4 As shown, a hydrogen emergency power supply includes a housing 1 and a low-pressure solid hydrogen storage cylinder 2, a fuel cell stack power generation device, and an inverter, etc., disposed within the housing 1.

[0031] Specifically, in one embodiment, the low-pressure solid hydrogen storage cylinder 2 is filled with solid hydrogen storage material. Specifically, the solid hydrogen storage material is one of rare-earth-based, titanium-based, vanadium-based, or magnesium-based hydrogen storage materials and their alloys. The filling amount of the solid hydrogen storage alloy material is less than or equal to 75% of the volume of the low-pressure solid hydrogen storage cylinder 2. The filling amount can be adjusted appropriately according to actual needs, but since it needs to withstand a certain pressure, it is best to be less than 75% of the cylinder volume. Furthermore, the solid hydrogen storage material is AB5 or AB2 type hydrogen storage material. Under certain temperature and hydrogen pressure, the solid hydrogen storage material can reversibly absorb, store, and release large amounts of hydrogen. The low-pressure solid hydrogen method has advantages such as safety, stability, and long-term storage capability. When a large hydrogen storage capacity is required in a hydrogen emergency power supply to increase discharge power, multiple low-pressure solid hydrogen storage cylinders 2 are used. Each low-pressure solid hydrogen storage cylinder 2 is equipped with a cylinder valve 4 and a pressure reducing valve 5 for individual control of each cylinder.

[0032] Furthermore, the low-pressure solid hydrogen storage cylinder 2 is fitted with heat exchange fins 3. The heat exchange fins 3 can exchange the residual heat inside the hydrogen emergency power supply and transfer it to the low-pressure solid hydrogen storage cylinder 2, thereby improving energy use efficiency and hydrogen release efficiency.

[0033] Specifically, in one embodiment, the fuel cell stack power generation device includes an inlet solenoid valve 6, an exhaust solenoid valve 7, a fuel cell stack control box 8, and a fuel cell stack 9. The fuel cell stack 9 is connected to a low-pressure solid hydrogen storage tank 2, which supplies hydrogen fuel to the fuel cell stack 9. Specifically, the hydrogen inlet pipe of the fuel cell stack 9 is connected to the inlet solenoid valve 6, which is connected to the pressure reducing valve 5 of the low-pressure solid hydrogen storage tank 2. The hydrogen outlet pipe of the fuel cell stack 9 is connected to the exhaust solenoid valve 7, with the other end of the exhaust solenoid valve 7 discharging to the atmosphere to release unconverted hydrogen waste gas. The fuel cell stack 9 is connected to the fuel cell stack control box 8 via control lines, and the fuel cell stack control box 8 is connected to the inverter 10 via control lines. The fuel cell stack control box 8 controls the operating status of the fuel cell stack 9. Furthermore, the hydrogen emergency power supply also includes a starting battery 11 and a control switch 12. The fuel cell stack control box 8, fuel cell stack 9, inverter 10, and starting battery 11 are all connected to the control switch 12. Inverter 10 controls the operating status of the hydrogen emergency power supply through circuitry, enabling hydrogen charging, power generation, and starting battery charging. When the load is less than the rated power, inverter 10 charges the starting battery 11, eliminating the need for additional charging equipment. The electrical energy converted by the hydrogen emergency power supply is transmitted to output port 16 and supplied to relevant electrical equipment. Control switch 12 is a three-position rotary switch: counterclockwise rotation activates hydrogen charging, clockwise rotation activates power generation, and center position is off. Inverter 10 is connected to display 13, which displays and records relevant parameters of the emergency power supply's power generation in real time. Specifically, display 13 is a high-frequency digital display screen that can output information such as current, voltage, power, and time. External components such as a temperature gauge, pressure gauge, wattmeter, and stopwatch can also be added to the housing 1 to accurately record relevant data from the emergency power supply.

[0034] Optionally, the housing 1 is divided into a first chamber, a second chamber, a third chamber, and a fourth chamber by a partition. The first chamber is located on one side of the other chambers, and the second, third, and fourth chambers are stacked. The low-pressure solid hydrogen storage cylinder 2 is located in the first chamber, and a convection fan 14 is provided on the top of the first chamber. The fuel cell stack 9 is located in the second chamber, and a heat transfer fan 15 is provided at the bottom of the fuel cell stack 9. The fuel cell stack control box 8 and the inverter 10 are located in the third chamber, and the starting battery 11 is located in the fourth chamber. To optimize space and achieve waste heat utilization, the bottoms of the second chamber and the first chamber are connected. The heat generated by the fuel cell stack is transferred to the bottom of the first chamber by the heat transfer fan 15, and the hot air rises continuously, forming a high-efficiency heat exchange using the heat exchange fins 3 on the low-pressure solid hydrogen storage cylinder 2. Forced air convection heat exchange by the convection fan 14 improves heat exchange efficiency, and the temperature of the low-pressure solid hydrogen storage cylinder 2 increases, which is beneficial to improving hydrogen filling efficiency. When the low-pressure solid hydrogen storage cylinder 2 is filled with hydrogen, the control switch 12 rotates counterclockwise to turn on the convection fan 14 to enhance air convection. The heat exchange fins 3 exchange the waste heat of the fuel cell stack power generation device to improve the hydrogen filling efficiency.

[0035] The fuel cell stack 9 can be one of the fuel cell stacks with different power ratings from 200 to 2000W, and can be flexibly configured with different power ratings and corresponding numbers of low-pressure solid hydrogen storage cylinders 2 according to different usage requirements. Combined with... Figure 4 As shown, the discharge power curve of a hydrogen emergency power supply equipped with a 200W fuel cell stack in one embodiment is as follows: Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the hydrogen energy emergency power supply device of this invention was tested in conjunction with a 2L, 2.2kg low-pressure HMH composite solid-state hydrogen storage and supply system and a 200W fuel cell. Line A represents the hydrogen pressure curve within the hydrogen storage system, and line B represents the power output of the fuel cell. The information in the figure demonstrates that the hydrogen energy emergency power supply of this invention can generate electricity stably.

[0036] In this invention, a low-pressure solid hydrogen storage cylinder is used to provide hydrogen energy for the fuel cell stack power generation device. It utilizes the advantages of low-pressure solid hydrogen storage, such as high density, low pressure, good safety, high hydrogen purity, and multiple hydrogen refill and discharge cycles. Combined with the significant advantages of high energy conversion efficiency and zero carbon emissions of hydrogen energy, it solves the problems of environmental pollution, poor safety performance, and low energy conversion efficiency of current traditional emergency power supplies.

[0037] Furthermore, in this invention, descriptions involving "first," "second," etc., are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0038] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

Claims

1. A hydrogen-powered emergency power supply, characterized in that, include: Casing and starting battery; Low-pressure solid hydrogen storage cylinder, which is filled with solid hydrogen storage material; A fuel cell stack power generation device includes a fuel cell stack and a fuel cell stack control box; the fuel cell stack is connected to a low-pressure solid hydrogen storage tank, and the low-pressure solid hydrogen storage tank supplies hydrogen fuel to the fuel cell stack; the fuel cell stack is connected to the fuel cell stack control box via control lines. An inverter, which is connected to the fuel cell stack control box, is used to control the working status of the hydrogen emergency power supply, enabling hydrogen charging, power generation, and battery charging. The housing is divided into a first box, a second box, a third box, and a fourth box by a partition; the first box is located on one side of the other boxes, and the second, third, and fourth boxes are stacked from bottom to top; The low-pressure solid hydrogen storage cylinder is installed inside the first box, and heat exchange fins are fitted on the outside of the cylinder. The fuel cell stack is housed in the second housing, which is equipped with a heat transfer fan. The bottom of the second housing is connected to the bottom of the first housing. The heat transfer fan transports the heat generated by the fuel cell stack to the bottom of the first housing, and then to the heat exchange fins. The fuel cell stack control box and the inverter are located in the third enclosure, and the starter battery is located in the fourth enclosure.

2. The hydrogen-powered emergency power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that, The low-pressure solid hydrogen storage cylinder includes a tank and a pressure reducing valve disposed on the top of the tank, the pressure reducing valve being connected to the fuel cell stack.

3. The hydrogen-powered emergency power supply according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fuel cell stack power generation device also includes an intake solenoid valve and an exhaust solenoid valve. The hydrogen intake pipe of the fuel cell stack is connected to the intake solenoid valve, the intake solenoid valve is connected to the pressure reducing valve of the low-pressure solid hydrogen storage tank, and the hydrogen outlet pipe of the fuel cell stack is connected to the exhaust solenoid valve.

4. The hydrogen-powered emergency power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the first housing is equipped with a convection fan.

5. The hydrogen-powered emergency power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solid hydrogen storage material is one of rare earth, titanium, vanadium, or magnesium-based hydrogen storage materials and their alloys.

6. The hydrogen-powered emergency power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a control switch. The fuel cell stack, fuel cell stack control box, inverter, and starter battery are all connected to the control switch. The inverter controls the working status of the hydrogen emergency power supply through a circuit and charges the starter battery when the load is less than the rated power.

7. The hydrogen-powered emergency power supply according to claim 6, characterized in that, The control switch is a three-position rotary switch.

8. The hydrogen-powered emergency power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a display connected to the inverter, the display showing current, voltage, power and time information.

9. The hydrogen-powered emergency power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are multiple low-pressure solid hydrogen storage cylinders, and each low-pressure solid hydrogen storage cylinder is equipped with a cylinder valve.

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