A nitrate crystal rapid liquefaction and high-temperature atomization decomposition module device and method

Abstract

The present invention provides a device and method for rapid liquefaction and high-temperature atomization decomposition of nitrate crystals, comprising a high-temperature atomization module and a liquefaction module. A relatively short microwave heating spiral feeding device is used to achieve rapid liquefaction. The liquefaction module is connected to the high-temperature atomization module so that the nitrate crystals pass through the liquefaction module and then pass through the high-temperature atomization module to be directly heated by flame for high-temperature pyrolysis. The liquefaction module comprises a nitrate crystal storage tank, a heating device, a melting tank and a material pump. The bottom of the nitrate crystal storage tank is connected to the heating device, and one end of the heating device away from the nitrate crystal storage tank is connected to the melting tank. The bottom of the melting tank is connected to the material pump, which can continuously and rapidly liquefy the nitrate crystals and reduce the transportation failure of the high-temperature molten material. Moreover, due to the high temperature, the pyrolysis speed of the material is also fast, and NO in the pyrolysis gas is reduced. x High content.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgy, medicine and chemical solid waste resource utilization, and specifically relates to a nitrate crystal rapid liquefaction and high-temperature atomization decomposition module device and method. Background Art

[0002] Nitrates such as magnesium nitrate, nickel nitrate, and cobalt nitrate are commonly produced in hydrometallurgy, medicine, and chemical industries. These nitrates often exist as crystals with bound water. If not properly handled, they not only waste resources but also cause secondary pollution. Therefore, these substances are often considered solid waste. For example, water and magnesium nitrate can pollute soil and water, and the magnesium resources involved will also be wasted if not recovered.

[0003] The following methods are commonly used for resource utilization of nitrates such as magnesium nitrate:

[0004] (1) Spray pyrolysis: Nitrate crystals such as magnesium nitrate are melted into liquid and atomized into small droplets through a nozzle in a high-temperature atmosphere. The high-temperature gas heats the nitrate spray to pyrolyze the nitrate to produce metal oxides and nitrogen oxides.

[0005] (2) Sodium hydroxide neutralization process: Sodium hydroxide is added to a nitrate solution such as magnesium nitrate to neutralize the precipitate, and the filtered precipitate is roasted to obtain metal oxides and nitrogen oxide gas.

[0006] (3) Industrialization of sodium nitrate and calcium nitrate production from high-concentration nitrate waste liquid: Using high-concentration nitrate waste liquid (such as magnesium nitrate) as raw material and calcium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide as neutralizer, first recover valuable heavy metals such as tin, copper and iron, and then perform gel-breaking and washing on the tin sludge. Then, the solution is subjected to step-by-step deep impurity removal to remove trace heavy metals in the solution, and then decolorization is performed using a decolorization process. Finally, the pH value is adjusted and evaporated and crystallized to obtain calcium nitrate tetrahydrate or sodium nitrate products.

[0007] (4) Inverse emulsion pyrolysis method: Liquid paraffin is used as the oil phase and an emulsion is prepared with a nitrate aqueous solution (such as magnesium nitrate). After heat treatment, the liquid paraffin can decompose to produce unsaturated hydrocarbons and hydrogen free radicals, which can reduce metal ions.

[0008] The technologies used in spray pyrolysis generally include pneumatic spray pyrolysis, flame spray pyrolysis, ultrasonic spray pyrolysis, etc. The disadvantages of these technologies are high equipment requirements, difficulty in controlling the composition and content of impurities in the product, and high energy consumption.

[0009] In the process of preparing magnesium oxide from magnesium nitrate hexahydrate, the raw material is pyrolyzed in a spray pyrolysis furnace to produce the desired powdered magnesium oxide product. In a patent (CN 110342479 A) on a system and method for atomizing and pyrolyzing magnesium nitrate using regenerative cyclic heating, an indirect heating self-circulating method is proposed. Its advantages are: (1) comprehensive utilization of magnesium nitrate resources; (2) production of large amounts of nitrogen oxides for acid production, resulting in low acid production costs; (3) low waste gas treatment costs; (4) high system thermal efficiency; and (5) harmless emissions. However, this patent has the following shortcomings: (1) The liquid flow after melting is long, which makes the heating operation complicated, the temperature control difficult, and the failure rate high; (2) The heating temperature of the hot carrier gas is about 900-1000℃, and the indirect heating method is adopted, which takes up a lot of space and is expensive, and heat loss occurs during the heat transfer process; (3) The indirect method of delivering hot air to the pyrolysis furnace will result in uneven heat distribution in the pyrolysis furnace, resulting in low heat utilization rate; (4) The mixing effect of the heat carrier and the spray is poor, the nitrate is not fully pyrolyzed, and the product yield is low. In order to address these shortcomings, a modular device and decomposition method for continuous decomposition of nitrate crystals are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0010] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a device and method for rapid liquefaction and high-temperature atomization decomposition of nitrate crystals. The technical solution of the present invention can continuously and rapidly liquefy nitrate crystals, reduce the transportation failure of high-temperature molten materials; and because of the high temperature, the pyrolysis rate of the material is accelerated, and the NO in the pyrolysis gas is reduced. x High content.

[0011] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a nitrate crystal rapid liquefaction and high-temperature atomization decomposition module device, including a high-temperature atomization module and a liquefaction module;

[0012] The liquefaction module is connected to the high-temperature atomization module so that the nitrate crystals pass through the liquefaction module and then through the high-temperature atomization module for high-temperature pyrolysis;

[0013] The liquefaction module includes a nitrate crystal storage tank, a heating device, a melting tank and a material pump; the bottom of the nitrate crystal storage tank is connected to the heating device, the end of the heating device away from the nitrate crystal storage tank is connected to the melting tank, and the bottom of the melting tank is connected to the material pump;

[0014] The high-temperature atomization module includes a pyrolysis furnace, a material nozzle, a gas-liquid mixer, a feed pipe, and a combustion-supporting device;

[0015] A material nozzle is provided in the top inner cavity of the pyrolysis furnace. The top of the material nozzle is connected to the first end of the gas-liquid mixer, and the gas-liquid mixer is located outside the pyrolysis furnace. The second end of the gas-liquid mixer is connected to the material pump through a feed pipe to allow the material inside the material pump to enter the pyrolysis furnace. The third end of the gas-liquid mixer is connected to the air. A combustion-supporting device is provided at the upper end of the pyrolysis furnace to allow the material in the inner cavity of the pyrolysis furnace to undergo high-temperature pyrolysis through the combustion-supporting device, and the pyrolyzed material is discharged through the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace.

[0016] Optionally, the heating device includes a storage tank discharger, a screw feeder, a microwave heater and a temperature detection device;

[0017] The storage tank discharger is located at the bottom of the nitrate crystal storage tank, and the bottom of the nitrate crystal storage tank is connected to one end of a screw feeder through the storage tank discharger. The microwave heater is arranged inside the screw feeder, and a temperature detection device is provided on the screw feeder. The other end of the screw feeder is connected to the melting tank.

[0018] Optionally, the bottom of the melting tank is connected to a material pump through a discharge pipe.

[0019] Optionally, the combustion-supporting device includes a plurality of burners, a plurality of natural gas delivery pipes, a natural gas branch pipe, a combustion-supporting air delivery pipe, and a plurality of combustion-supporting air branch pipes;

[0020] Multiple burners are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction at the top of the inner cavity of the pyrolysis furnace with the material nozzle as the center. The burners are all connected to the natural gas branch pipes, wherein the burners correspond to the natural gas branch pipes one-to-one. The natural gas branch pipes all pass through the top of the pyrolysis furnace and are connected to the natural gas delivery pipe. The combustion-supporting air delivery pipe is connected to multiple combustion-supporting air branch pipes, and the combustion-supporting air branch pipes are all connected to the natural gas branch pipes, wherein the combustion-supporting air branch pipes correspond to the natural gas branch pipes one-to-one.

[0021] Optionally, the distance between the material nozzle and the top of the pyrolysis furnace is greater than the distance between the burner and the top of the pyrolysis furnace.

[0022] Optionally, the high-temperature atomization module further includes a compressed air delivery pipe, and the third end of the gas-liquid mixer is connected to the air through the compressed air delivery pipe.

[0023] Optionally, the high-temperature atomization module also includes an exhaust gas outlet, a solid product outlet, and a star-shaped discharger;

[0024] The tail gas outlet is arranged on the lower side wall of the pyrolysis furnace, the solid product outlet and the star-shaped discharger are both arranged at the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace, and the star-shaped discharger is located below the solid product outlet.

[0025] Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for decomposing nitrate crystals using a modular device for rapid liquefaction and high-temperature atomization decomposition, which is used for continuously decomposing nitrate crystals using the modular device. The decomposition method comprises:

[0026] Step 1: The nitrate crystal material is stored in a nitrate crystal storage tank. The nitrate crystal material falls onto a screw feeder through a storage tank discharger. The nitrate crystal material is heated by a microwave heater and rapidly melted and liquefied during transportation on the screw feeder. The temperature detection device controls the melting temperature of the material by adjusting the power of the microwave heater. The molten liquid material enters the melting tank, passes through a discharge pipe and a material pump, and is sent to a gas-liquid mixer through a feed pipe to mix with compressed air. The molten liquid is then sent to a material nozzle in a pyrolysis furnace for atomization and spraying into the pyrolysis furnace.

[0027] Step 2: Natural gas is transported from the natural gas transmission pipe to several natural gas branch pipes, and then enters the burner in the pyrolysis furnace. Combustion-supporting air is transported from the combustion-supporting air transmission pipe to several combustion-supporting air branch pipes, and then transported to the natural gas branch pipes, and then enters the burner in the pyrolysis furnace. The natural gas and combustion-supporting air are burned through the burner and burned in the pyrolysis furnace to generate high-temperature gas, which causes the atomized magnesium nitrate droplets to pyrolyze. The magnesium oxide particles produced by the pyrolysis are partially discharged from the lower solid product outlet, and the pyrolysis exhaust gas and dust are discharged from the exhaust outlet on the lower side of the pyrolysis furnace.

[0028] Optionally, the melting temperature of the material is 150°C to 190°C.

[0029] Optionally, the temperature of the high-temperature gas is 1300°C to 1500°C.

[0030] Beneficial effects

[0031] The embodiments of the present invention provide a modular device and method for rapid liquefaction and high-temperature atomization decomposition of nitrate crystals, effectively achieving continuous rapid liquefaction, high-temperature atomization, high-temperature pyrolysis, and efficient heat utilization of nitrate crystals. The high-temperature atomization module can be flexibly combined with multiple modules to meet various production requirements, fundamentally avoiding the drawbacks of additional regenerative hot air furnaces, which require large space, high equipment costs, and significant energy losses.

[0032] advantage:

[0033] 1. Compared with the existing pyrolysis device, the continuous and rapid liquefaction module of nitrate crystals realizes the continuous and rapid liquefaction of crystals, and the number of molten material conveying pipelines is reduced by more than 50%, thereby reducing the failure rate of high-temperature molten material conveying and achieving continuous and reliable production.

[0034] 2. Compared with the existing pyrolysis device, this device adopts a high-temperature atomization module. Natural gas burns around the material nozzle in the pyrolysis furnace to produce high-temperature hot carrier gas, which has the advantages of high pyrolysis temperature and fast pyrolysis speed.

[0035] 3. The advantage of the high-temperature atomization module is that, according to different production requirements, several such high-temperature atomization modules can be flexibly combined to meet various production requirements.

[0036] 4. Compared with the existing technology, direct combustion in the pyrolysis furnace generates hot carrier gas, and the content of nitrogen oxides generated by pyrolysis of materials is high. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a nitrate crystal rapid liquefaction and high-temperature atomization decomposition module device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 For the embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the AA structure.

[0039] The reference numerals indicate:

[0040] 1. Pyrolysis furnace; 101. Material nozzle; 102. Burner; 103. Gas-liquid mixer; 104. Feed pipe; 105. Compressed air delivery pipe; 106. Natural gas delivery pipe; 107. Natural gas branch pipe; 108. Combustion-supporting air delivery pipe; 109. Combustion-supporting air branch pipe; 110. Exhaust gas outlet; 111. Solid product outlet; 112. Star-shaped discharger; 2. Liquefaction module; 201. Nitrate crystal storage tank; 202. Storage tank discharger; 203. Screw feeder; 204. Microwave heater; 205. Temperature detection device; 206. Melting tank; 207. Discharge pipe; 208. Material pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] See also Figures 1 to 2 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a nitrate crystal rapid liquefaction and high temperature atomization decomposition module device, please refer to Figure 1 , including a high-temperature atomization module and a liquefaction module 2; the liquefaction module 2 is connected to the high-temperature atomization module so that the nitrate crystals pass through the liquefaction module 2 and then pass through the high-temperature atomization module for high-temperature pyrolysis. After the nitrate crystals are liquefied by the rapid liquefaction module 2, the melted material enters the high-temperature atomization module and is fully pyrolyzed. The nitrogen oxide content generated by the pyrolysis of the material is high. This solves the problem that the liquid flow after melting in the existing pyrolysis device is long, resulting in complicated heating operation, difficult temperature control, and a high failure rate. The hot carrier gas heating temperature is about 900-1000°C, and an indirect heating method is adopted. The equipment occupies a large space and has high cost. Heat loss will occur during the heat transfer process. The indirect method of transporting hot air to the pyrolysis furnace will cause the heat distribution in the pyrolysis furnace to be uneven, resulting in low heat utilization and poor mixing effect of the heat carrier and the spray, insufficient nitrate pyrolysis, and low product yield.

[0042] The liquefaction module 2 includes a nitrate crystal storage tank 201, a storage tank discharger 202, a screw feeder 203, a microwave heater 204 and a temperature detection device 205, a melting tank 206, a discharge pipe 207 and a material pump 208. The lower part of the nitrate crystal storage tank 201 is connected to the screw feeder 203 through the storage tank discharger 202. The screw feeder 203 is equipped with a microwave heater 204 and a temperature detection device 205. The outlet of the screw feeder 203 is connected to the melting tank 206. The lower part of the melting tank 206 is connected to the discharge pipe 207 and the material pump 208. The material pump 208 is connected to the high-temperature atomization module.

[0043] Furthermore, the nitrate crystal material is liquefied under the action of the microwave heater 204 during the process of being transported by the screw feeder 203 in the nitrate crystal continuous rapid liquefaction module 2, and then fed into the pyrolysis furnace. Since the inside and outside of the material can absorb microwave energy at the same time, the microwave energy is quickly converted into thermal energy, the material heats up quickly, and the nitrate can be liquefied quickly. The characteristic of this nitrate crystal continuous rapid liquefaction module 2 is that it realizes the continuous rapid liquefaction of the crystals, reduces the failure rate of high-temperature molten material transportation, and can achieve continuous and reliable production. The heating temperature of the molten material is controlled here to be approximately 150°C to 190°C. Under this temperature condition, magnesium nitrate hexahydrate is dehydrated to become magnesium nitrate dihydrate molten liquid, and the water evaporates into the air.

[0044] The high-temperature atomization module includes a pyrolysis furnace 1, a material nozzle 101, a burner 102, a gas-liquid mixer 103, a feed pipe 104, a compressed air delivery pipe 105, multiple natural gas delivery pipes 106, a natural gas branch pipe 107, a combustion-supporting air delivery pipe 108, and multiple combustion-supporting air branch pipes 109. The pyrolysis furnace 1 is connected to the material pump 208 via the feed pipe 104. The feed pipe 104 is connected to the gas-liquid mixer 103. The compressed air delivery pipe 105 is connected to the gas-liquid mixer 103, and the gas-liquid mixer 103 is further connected to the material nozzle 101 in the pyrolysis furnace 1.

[0045] The natural gas delivery pipe 106 is connected to several natural gas branch pipes 107, which are then connected to the burners 102 evenly distributed along the circumference of the top of the pyrolysis furnace. The height of the material nozzle 101 is slightly lower than that of the burner 102; the combustion-supporting air delivery pipe 108 is connected to several combustion-supporting air branch pipes 109, which are respectively connected to several natural gas branch pipes 107 and further connected to the burners 104 in the pyrolysis furnace.

[0046] Please refer to Figure 2 The top center of the pyrolysis furnace 1 is a material nozzle 101, and several natural gas inlets 102 are evenly distributed along the circumference; the lower part of the pyrolysis furnace 2 has a solid product outlet 111 and a star-shaped discharger 112, and an exhaust gas outlet 110 on the side.

[0047] Furthermore, the molten material and compressed air enter the material nozzle 101 of the high-temperature atomization module for spray atomization, and the natural gas and combustion air enter the burner 102 and burn to emit high-temperature hot carrier gas (temperature up to 1300℃~1500℃), which contacts the atomized material for high-temperature pyrolysis. Its characteristics are high pyrolysis temperature, fast pyrolysis speed, and low NO in the pyrolysis gas. x High content.

[0048] Furthermore, the high-temperature atomization module can be flexibly combined with several such high-temperature atomization modules according to different production requirements to meet various production requirements.

[0049] Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for decomposing nitrate crystals using a modular device for rapid liquefaction and high-temperature atomization decomposition. The method utilizes the nitrate crystals described above. Nitrate crystals, such as magnesium nitrate hexahydrate crystals, are first stored in a nitrate crystal storage tank 201. The material then flows through a storage tank discharger 202 onto a screw feeder 203 equipped with a microwave heater 204. During transport along the screw feeder 203, the material is heated and melted by the microwave heater 204. The material temperature is measured by a temperature detection device 205, and the melting temperature of the material is controlled by adjusting the power of the microwave heater. Because microwave energy is absorbed both internally and externally by the material, it is rapidly converted into heat energy, rapidly heating the material and enabling rapid liquefaction of the nitrate. The molten material enters a melting tank 206, then passes through a discharge pipe 207 and a material pump 208. The molten material is then fed through a feed pipe 104 to a gas-liquid mixer 103, where it is mixed with compressed air. The material is then fed to a material nozzle 101 within the pyrolysis furnace 1 for atomization and spraying into the pyrolysis furnace 1.

[0050] The pyrolysis furnace 1 is connected to the material pump 208 via a feed pipe 104. Feed pipe 104 feeds the material into a gas-liquid mixer 103, which in turn connects to a material nozzle 101 within the pyrolysis furnace. A compressed air delivery pipe 105 feeds the gas-liquid mixer 103, which in turn connects to the material nozzle 101. The molten material and compressed air are sprayed from the material nozzle 101, atomizing into fine droplets. The spray formation can be controlled by adjusting the ratio of compressed air to material.

[0051] Natural gas delivery pipe 106 connects to several natural gas branch pipes 107, which in turn connect to several burners 102 evenly distributed along the circumference of the top of the pyrolysis furnace. A combustion-supporting air delivery pipe 108 connects to several combustion-supporting air branch pipes 109, which in turn connect to natural gas branch pipes 107, and further to several burners 102 evenly distributed along the circumference of the top of the pyrolysis furnace. The natural gas and combustion-supporting air mix and burn in the burners. This combustion generates a heat carrier gas within the pyrolysis furnace, which directly heats the atomized droplets of feedstock formed by the feed nozzles. These droplets are then pyrolyzed directly in the high-temperature combustion gas, resulting in a high concentration of nitrogen oxides in the generated gas.

[0052] The pyrolysis furnace 1 has a solid product outlet 111 and a star-shaped discharger 112 at the bottom, and an exhaust gas outlet 110 on the side. Part of the solid particles generated by pyrolysis are discharged from the lower solid product outlet, and part is discharged from the exhaust gas outlet on the side of the lower part of the pyrolysis furnace along with the pyrolysis exhaust gas.

[0053] Furthermore, the nitrate crystal material is heated to 160-190°C in the melting tank to generate a molten material. The temperature of the high-temperature hot carrier gas formed after the combustion of natural gas is 1300-1600°C, and the gas-liquid ratio of compressed air to the material is 160-200Nm 3 For 1 ton of material, the natural gas consumption is 120 to 160 Nm 3 For 1t of material, the combustion air consumption is 1200~1600Nm 3 / 1t of material.

[0054] The high-temperature atomization module is characterized by the fact that it can flexibly combine several such high-temperature atomization modules according to different production requirements to meet various production requirements.

[0055] Example 1:

[0056] The pyrolysis furnace has a diameter of 2.5m and a height of 10m. The pyrolysis raw material flow rate is 10t / h. The nitrate crystal material is heated to 180℃ in the melting tank to generate molten material. The temperature of the high-temperature hot carrier gas formed after the combustion of natural gas is 1500℃. The gas-liquid ratio of compressed air to material is 180Nm 3 For 1 ton of material, the natural gas consumption is 130 Nm 3 / 1t material, the combustion air consumption is 1300Nm 3 / 1t material. The concentration of nitrogen oxides produced by pyrolysis of raw materials is 4.828mol / m 3 The exhaust gas generated is 2251.56m 3 / 1t, the solid product is 217.4kg / 1t material.

[0057] The specific implementation process is as follows: Nitrate crystals (such as magnesium nitrate hexahydrate crystals) are first stored in a nitrate crystal storage tank 201. The solid material then flows through the tank discharger 202 and falls onto a screw feeder 203, which is equipped with a microwave heater 204 and a temperature detection device 205. During its transport along the screw feeder 203, the material is heated by the microwave heater 204, rapidly melting and liquefying. The temperature detection device 205 controls the melting temperature of the material by adjusting the power of the microwave heater. The molten material enters a melting tank 206, then passes through a discharge pipe 207 and a material pump 208, and is then delivered by a feed pipe 104 to a gas-liquid mixer 103 for mixing with compressed air. The molten material is then atomized by a material nozzle 101 within the pyrolysis furnace 1 before being sprayed into the pyrolysis furnace 1.

[0058] Natural gas is delivered from natural gas pipeline 106 to several natural gas branch pipes 107, then enters burner 102 within the pyrolysis furnace. Combustion air is delivered from combustion air pipeline 108 to several combustion air branch pipes 109, then to natural gas branch pipes 107, and then enters burner 102 within the pyrolysis furnace. The natural gas and combustion air are combusted in burner 102, and then in the pyrolysis furnace, generating high-temperature gases that pyrolyze the atomized magnesium nitrate droplets. The magnesium oxide particles produced by the pyrolysis are partially discharged through solid product outlet 111 at the bottom, while the pyrolysis exhaust gas, including some dust, is discharged through exhaust outlet 110 on the side of the lower portion of the pyrolysis furnace.

[0059] Example 2:

[0060] The pyrolysis furnace has a diameter of 2.5m and a height of 10m. The pyrolysis raw material flow rate is 10t / h. The nitrate crystal material is heated to 160℃ in the melting tank to generate molten material. The temperature of the high-temperature hot carrier gas formed after the combustion of natural gas is 1500℃. The gas-liquid ratio of compressed air to material is 160Nm 3 For 1 ton of material, the natural gas consumption is 160 Nm 3 / 1t material, the combustion air consumption is 1300Nm 3 / 1t material. The concentration of nitrogen oxides produced by pyrolysis of raw materials is 4.871mol / m 3 The exhaust gas generated is 2231.56m 3 / 1t, and the solid product is 217.4kg / 1t.

[0061] The specific implementation process is the same as that of Example 1

[0062] Example 3:

[0063] The pyrolysis furnace has a diameter of 2.5m and a height of 10m. The pyrolysis raw material flow rate is 10t / h. The nitrate crystal material is heated to 190℃ in the melting tank to generate molten material. The temperature of the high-temperature hot carrier gas formed after the combustion of natural gas is 1500℃. The gas-liquid ratio of compressed air to material is 200Nm 3 For 1 ton of material, the natural gas consumption is 160 Nm 3 / 1t material, the combustion air consumption is 1300Nm 3 / 1t material. The concentration of nitrogen oxides produced by pyrolysis of raw materials is 4.785mol / m 3 The exhaust gas generated is 2271.56m 3 / 1t, and the solid product is 217.4kg / 1t.

[0064] The specific implementation process is the same as that of Example 1

[0065] From the above three examples, it can be seen that the smaller the gas-liquid ratio of compressed air to material, the higher the concentration of nitrogen oxides in the tail gas. Taking the concentration of nitrogen oxides as the optimization target, the parameters are adjusted. The highest concentration of nitrogen oxides in the above examples is in Example 2, which is 4.871 mol / m 3 .

[0066] The present invention directly generates high-temperature hot carrier gas through combustion within the spray pyrolysis furnace. This high-temperature hot carrier gas immediately mixes with the atomized material to be pyrolyzed, eliminating the need for the hot carrier gas to be heated in a hot air furnace located outside the furnace and then transported to the pyrolysis furnace in conventional processes. This significantly improves heat utilization efficiency, pyrolysis efficiency, space savings, and cost savings.

[0067] It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that, under the premise of no conflict, the above-mentioned advantageous methods can be freely combined and superimposed.

Claims

1. A nitrate crystal rapid liquefaction and high-temperature atomization decomposition module device, characterized in that: including a high-temperature atomization module and a liquefaction module (2); The liquefaction module (2) is connected to the high-temperature atomization module, so that the nitrate crystals pass through the liquefaction module (2) and then pass through the high-temperature atomization module for high-temperature pyrolysis; The liquefaction module (2) comprises a nitrate crystal storage tank (201), a heating device, a melting tank (206), and a material pump (208); the bottom of the nitrate crystal storage tank (201) is connected to the heating device, an end of the heating device away from the nitrate crystal storage tank (201) is connected to the melting tank (206), and the bottom of the melting tank (206) is connected to the material pump (208); The high-temperature atomization module includes a pyrolysis furnace (1), a material nozzle (101), a gas-liquid mixer (103), a feed pipe (104), and a combustion-supporting device; A material nozzle (101) is provided in the top inner cavity of the pyrolysis furnace (1), the top of the material nozzle (101) is connected to the first end of the gas-liquid mixer (103), and the gas-liquid mixer (103) is located outside the pyrolysis furnace (1). The second end of the gas-liquid mixer (103) is connected to the material pump (208) through the feed pipe (104), so that the material inside the material pump (208) enters the pyrolysis furnace (1). The third end of the gas-liquid mixer (103) is connected to the air. A combustion-supporting device is provided at the upper end of the pyrolysis furnace (1), so that the material in the inner cavity of the pyrolysis furnace (1) is subjected to high-temperature pyrolysis through the combustion-supporting device, and the pyrolyzed material is discharged through the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace (1).

2. The nitrate crystal rapid liquefaction and high-temperature atomization decomposition module device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating device includes a storage tank discharger (202), a screw feeder (203), a microwave heater (204), and a temperature detection device (205); The storage tank discharger (202) is located at the bottom of the nitrate crystal storage tank (201), and the bottom of the nitrate crystal storage tank (201) is connected to one end of a screw feeder (203) through the storage tank discharger (202). The microwave heater (204) is arranged inside the screw feeder (203), and the screw feeder (203) is provided with a temperature detection device (205). The other end of the screw feeder (203) is connected to a melting tank (206).

3. The nitrate crystal rapid liquefaction and high-temperature atomization decomposition module device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the melting tank (206) is connected to the material pump (208) through the discharge pipe (207).

4. The nitrate crystal rapid liquefaction and high-temperature atomization decomposition module device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combustion-supporting device includes a plurality of burners (102), a plurality of natural gas delivery pipes (106), a natural gas branch pipe (107), a combustion-supporting air delivery pipe (108), and a plurality of combustion-supporting air branch pipes (109); A plurality of burners (102) are uniformly arranged in a circumferential direction at the top of the inner cavity of the pyrolysis furnace (1) with the material nozzle (101) as the center, and the burners (102) are all connected to the natural gas branch pipes (107), wherein the burners (102) and the natural gas branch pipes (107) correspond one to one, and the natural gas branch pipes (107) all pass through the top of the pyrolysis furnace (1) and are connected to the natural gas delivery pipe (106), and the combustion-supporting air delivery pipe (108) is connected to a plurality of combustion-supporting air branch pipes (109), and the combustion-supporting air branch pipes (109) are all connected to the natural gas branch pipes (107), wherein the combustion-supporting air branch pipes (109) and the natural gas branch pipes (107) correspond one to one.

5. The nitrate crystal rapid liquefaction and high-temperature atomization decomposition module device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The distance between the material nozzle (101) and the top of the pyrolysis furnace (1) is greater than the distance between the burner (102) and the top of the pyrolysis furnace (1).

6. The nitrate crystal rapid liquefaction and high-temperature atomization decomposition module device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-temperature atomization module further comprises a compressed air delivery pipe (105), and the third end of the gas-liquid mixer (103) is connected to the air via the compressed air delivery pipe (105).

7. The nitrate crystal rapid liquefaction and high-temperature atomization decomposition module device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-temperature atomization module further includes an exhaust gas outlet (110), a solid product outlet (111) and a star-shaped discharger (112); The tail gas outlet (110) is arranged on the lower side wall of the pyrolysis furnace (1), and the solid product outlet (111) and the star-shaped discharger (112) are both arranged at the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace (1), and the star-shaped discharger (112) is located below the solid product outlet (111).

8. A method for decomposing nitrate crystals by rapid liquefaction and high-temperature atomization decomposition module, characterized in that: Using the nitrate crystal rapid liquefaction and high-temperature atomization decomposition module device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the decomposition method includes: Step 1: The nitrate crystal material is stored in a nitrate crystal storage tank (201), and the nitrate crystal material falls onto a screw feeder (203) through a storage tank discharger (202). The nitrate crystal material is heated by a microwave heater (204) and rapidly melted and liquefied during transportation on the screw feeder (203). The temperature detection device (205) controls the melting temperature of the material by adjusting the power of the microwave heater (204). The molten liquid material enters a melting tank (206), and then passes through a discharge pipe (207) and a material pump (208), and is sent from a feed pipe (104) to a gas-liquid mixer (103) to be mixed with compressed air, and then sent to a material nozzle (101) in a pyrolysis furnace (1) to be atomized and then sprayed into the pyrolysis furnace (1); Step 2: Natural gas is transported from the natural gas transmission pipe (106) to several natural gas branch pipes (107), and then enters the burner (102) in the pyrolysis furnace (1). Combustion-supporting air is transported from the combustion-supporting air transmission pipe (108) to several combustion-supporting air branch pipes (109), and then transported to the natural gas branch pipe (107), and then enters the burner (102) in the pyrolysis furnace (1). The natural gas and the combustion-supporting air are burned through the burner (102), and the pyrolysis furnace (1) burns to generate high-temperature gas, causing the atomized nitrate droplets to pyrolyze. The particulate part produced by the pyrolysis is discharged from the lower solid product outlet (111), and the pyrolysis exhaust gas and dust are discharged from the exhaust gas outlet (110) on the lower side of the pyrolysis furnace (1).

9. The decomposition method of the nitrate crystal rapid liquefaction and high-temperature atomization decomposition module device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The melting temperature of the material is 150℃~190℃.

10. The decomposition method of the nitrate crystal rapid liquefaction and high-temperature atomization decomposition module device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The temperature of the high-temperature gas is 1300℃~1500℃.

Images