An ultra-high temperature back pressure regulating device with a wide adjustment range

Abstract

The present invention discloses an ultra-high temperature back pressure regulating device with a wide adjustment range, comprising a base, a primary sleeve, and a secondary sleeve; the base, the primary sleeve, and the secondary sleeve have the same centerline, and from the outside to the inside are the primary sleeve body, the secondary sleeve body, the base, the secondary annular cone, and the primary center cone; wherein the primary sleeve and the secondary sleeve can be moved leftward / rightward relative to the base along the axial direction. The present invention adopts an axial flow structure solution, does not change the high temperature gas flow direction, reduces interference with the flow field, and the high temperature gas outlet flow field is evenly distributed, which minimizes unbalanced forces. In addition, the present invention adopts a two-stage adjustment method, which effectively widens the adjustment range while ensuring the adjustment accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of gas turbines and valves, and in particular to an ultra-high temperature back pressure regulating device with a wide regulating range. Background Art

[0002] Gas turbines have become an indispensable source of power in industrial production due to their high efficiency and cleanliness. With the iteration and update of technology, gas turbines are constantly developing towards higher loads. As one of the three core components, the internal pressure and temperature of the combustion chamber are also gradually increasing.

[0003] In order to better grasp the performance indicators of the combustion chamber, the researchers simulated the high temperature and high pressure real operating environment of the combustion chamber as much as possible in the experimental research. The common method of regulating the combustion chamber pressure is to add a throttling device to the downstream pipe of the combustion chamber outlet, and adjust the flow area to achieve the regulation of the upstream combustion chamber pressure. However, the flue gas temperature at the combustion chamber outlet can reach up to 2000K, and the downstream throttling device is always in a high temperature and high pressure environment. The throttling devices currently available on the market are difficult to meet such harsh environments. The conventional practice is to add a spray section before the throttling device to spray water to cool the high-temperature flue gas. On the one hand, this requires a large amount of water resources, and on the other hand, it increases the complexity of the test system. During the test, the exhaust temperature may overheat due to failure of the water system or untimely water spraying, which in turn poses a threat to the safety of life and property of the test bench.

[0004] In addition, during the test, the combustion chamber parameters have a wide adjustment range, and the existing adjustment devices are difficult to meet the wide range and high-precision adjustment requirements. The conventional practice is to use large and small circuits in parallel for adjustment, which increases the complexity of the test bench and the complexity of operation.

[0005] Technical problems to be solved: In response to existing technical problems, the present invention proposes an ultra-high temperature and high pressure regulating device with a wide adjustment range, in order to at least partially solve one of the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides an ultra-high temperature back pressure regulating device with a wide adjustment range, comprising a base, a primary sleeve and a secondary sleeve, wherein:

[0007] The base, the primary sleeve, and the secondary sleeve share the same centerline. From the outside in, they are the primary sleeve body, the secondary sleeve body, the base, the secondary annular cone, and the primary central cone. The primary and secondary sleeves can move leftward and rightward relative to the base along the axis.

[0008] One end of the base is provided with a mounting flange, and the ultra-high temperature back pressure regulating device with a wide adjustment range is fixedly connected to the upstream pipeline / equipment through the mounting flange, and the other end of the ultra-high temperature back pressure regulating device with a wide adjustment range is a free end;

[0009] The inner cylindrical area formed by the base wrapping is the high-temperature gas flow channel. The interior of the base inlet end is a straight pipe section, and the interior of the base outlet end is an expansion section. The inner wall profile of the expansion section is designed according to the back pressure / flow adjustment method (equal percentage / equal proportion);

[0010] The interior of the base is a hollow structure, provided with a base cooling water flow channel, and the base also includes a base water inlet and a base water outlet;

[0011] The base is cooled by liquid water, and the cooling water adopts a bottom-in-top-out flow mode. The cooling water flows into the base from the base water inlet, cools the base wall along the base cooling water flow channel, and then flows out from the base water outlet;

[0012] The secondary sleeve also includes a secondary sleeve body, a secondary support column and a secondary annular cone;

[0013] The secondary support columns are evenly arranged around the circumference and the number is not less than 3, and the secondary sleeve body is connected to the secondary annular cone through the secondary support columns;

[0014] The secondary support column and the secondary annular cone are hollow structures, both of which are provided with a secondary sleeve cooling water flow channel. The secondary sleeve also includes a secondary sleeve cooling water inlet and outlet;

[0015] The cooling water inlet and outlet of the secondary sleeve are arranged on the secondary support column. Preferably, the number of cooling water outlets is greater than the number of inlets;

[0016] The outer surface of the secondary annular cone and the inner wall of the base outlet expansion section form a secondary throat;

[0017] The first-level sleeve also includes a first-level sleeve body, a first-level support column and a first-level central cone;

[0018] The first-level support columns are evenly arranged around the circumference and the number thereof is not less than 3, and the first-level sleeve body is connected to the first-level central cone via the first-level support columns;

[0019] The first-level support column and the first-level central cone are hollow structures, and both are provided with a first-level sleeve cooling water channel;

[0020] The cooling water inlet and outlet of the first-level sleeve are arranged on the first-level support column. Preferably, the number of cooling water outlets is greater than the number of inlets.

[0021] The cooling water inlet of the first-level sleeve passes through the center of the first-level central cone. The cooling water flows in from the cooling water inlet of the first-level sleeve, enters the center of the first-level central cone, flows to both sides, and then flows through the outer wall of the first-level central cone. After cooling the wall of the first-level central cone, it flows out from the cooling water outlet of the first-level sleeve.

[0022] In the present invention, ultrahigh temperature refers to a temperature of 1000°C or higher.

[0023] The primary central cone adopts a spindle-shaped structure;

[0024] The outer wall surface of the spindle-shaped structure of the primary central cone and the inner surface of the secondary annular cone form a primary throat;

[0025] Based on the above technical solutions, it can be seen that the ultra-high temperature back pressure regulating device with a wide adjustment range disclosed in the present invention has at least one or part of the following beneficial effects compared to the prior art:

[0026] 1. The back pressure regulating device adopts an axial flow structure layout, which is consistent with the flow direction of high-temperature gas, reducing interference with the flow field;

[0027] 2. The back pressure regulating device has a symmetrical circumferential structure, so the high temperature gas is evenly distributed circumferentially, which greatly reduces the unbalanced force caused by uneven high temperature gas;

[0028] 3. All components of the back pressure regulating device are water-cooled, which greatly improves the temperature resistance of the regulating device. No water spraying is required for cooling, and it can operate normally in a high-temperature flue gas environment. This reduces the test operation cost and the complexity of the test bench, thereby improving the safety factor of the test bench.

[0029] 4. The back pressure regulating device adopts a two-stage regulating scheme, which effectively widens the regulating range while ensuring the regulating accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an ultra-high temperature back pressure regulating device with a wide adjustment range disclosed herein;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of an ultra-high temperature back pressure regulating device with a wide adjustment range when fully open;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a secondary sleeve of an ultra-high temperature back pressure regulating device with a wide adjustment range;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the first-stage sleeve of an ultra-high temperature back pressure regulating device with a wide adjustment range;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the working system of an ultra-high temperature back pressure regulating device with a wide adjustment range;

[0035] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of an ultra-high temperature back pressure regulating device with a wide adjustment range when closed;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of an ultra-high temperature back pressure regulating device with a wide adjustment range when the first stage is fully open.

[0037] The meanings of the reference numerals are as follows: 1-high-temperature back pressure regulating device; 2-base; 3-secondary sleeve; 4-primary sleeve; 11-high-temperature gas inlet; 12-high-temperature gas flow direction; 13-high-temperature gas outlet; 21-mounting flange; 22-base water inlet; 23-base water outlet; 24-base cooling water flow direction; 25-base cooling water flow channel; 30-secondary sleeve body; 31-secondary annular cone; 32-secondary support column; 33-secondary sleeve cooling water outlet; 34-secondary sleeve -Sleeve cooling water inlet; 35-secondary sleeve cooling water flow channel; 36-secondary sleeve cooling water flow direction; 37-secondary throat; 40-first-stage sleeve cylinder; 41-first-stage central cone; 42-first-stage support column; 43-first-stage sleeve cooling water inlet; 44-first-stage sleeve cooling water outlet; 45-first-stage sleeve cooling water flow direction; 46-first-stage sleeve cooling water flow channel; 47-first-stage throat; 5-ejector tube; 51-normal temperature air flow direction; 52-mixed gas direction; 6-exhaust tower. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The present invention is further described below by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the examples. Figure 1-4 As shown, this embodiment of a high-temperature back-pressure regulating device 1 with a wide adjustment range adopts an axial flow structure. The center lines of the base 2, the first-stage sleeve 4, and the second-stage sleeve 3 are aligned. From the outside in, the first-stage sleeve body 40, the second-stage sleeve body 30, the base 2, the second-stage annular cone 31, and the first-stage central cone 41 are arranged in order. A mounting flange 21 is welded to the left end face of the base 2. This embodiment of the high-temperature back-pressure regulating device 1 is fixedly connected to the upstream pipeline / equipment via the mounting flange 21, while the other end is free. The high-temperature gas inlet 11 is located at the center of the mounting flange 21, and the high-temperature gas outlet 13 is located on the free end.

[0039] The cylindrical area formed by the base 2 forms the high-temperature gas flow channel. The inner surface of the base 2 at the inlet is a straight tube section, and the inner surface of the outlet is an expansion section. The wall profile of the expansion section can be designed based on the specific backpressure / flow adjustment method (equal percentage / equal proportion, etc.). In this embodiment, the wall profile of the expansion section is designed according to the equal percentage method. The secondary sleeve 3 also includes a secondary sleeve body 30, secondary support columns 32, and a secondary annular cone 31. The secondary support columns 32 are evenly distributed around the circumference and are no less than three in number.

[0040] The primary sleeve 4 further includes a primary sleeve body 40 , a primary support column 42 and a primary central cone 41 .

[0041] The primary sleeve body 40 is connected to the primary central cone 41 via a primary support column 42. The primary central cone 41 has a spindle-shaped structure. The outer surface of the spindle-shaped structure of the primary central cone 41 and the inner surface of the secondary annular cone 31 form a primary throat 47, together forming the primary regulation system. Similarly, the secondary sleeve body 30 is connected to the secondary annular cone 31 via a secondary support column 32. The outer surface of the secondary annular cone 31 and the inner surface of the outlet expansion section of the base 2 form a secondary throat 37, together forming the secondary regulation system.

[0042] This embodiment employs a two-stage parallel adjustment method, wherein the secondary adjustment is located outside the primary adjustment. Under the same sleeve stroke, the change in the flow area of ​​the primary throat 47 is smaller than that of the secondary throat 37. Therefore, the primary adjustment can achieve precise adjustment, while the secondary adjustment can achieve coarse adjustment. During operation, the primary sleeve 4 moves rightward / leftward along the axis. At this time, the base 2 and the secondary sleeve 3 remain fixed. By changing the flow area of ​​the primary throat 47, precise adjustment of flow rate / back pressure is achieved. The primary sleeve 4 and the secondary sleeve 3 move rightward / leftward together. At this time, the relative position of the primary central cone 41 and the secondary annular cone 31 does not change. Therefore, the flow area of ​​the primary throat 47 formed by these two components remains unchanged. At this time, coarse adjustment of flow rate / back pressure is achieved by changing the flow area of ​​the primary throat 37.

[0043] Support columns 42 are evenly arranged along the circumferential surface of the primary central cone 41. The number of support columns 42 is no less than three, and in this embodiment, there are four. The primary support columns 42 and the primary central cone 41 are hollow structures. A primary sleeve cooling water flow channel 46 is provided inside each of the primary support columns 42 and the primary central cone 41. A primary sleeve cooling water inlet 43 and a primary sleeve cooling water outlet 44 are provided on the primary support columns 42. The number of primary sleeve cooling water outlets 44 is greater than the number of primary sleeve cooling water inlet 43. In this embodiment, one inlet and three outlets are used to ensure that the cooling water is not throttled. The first-level sleeve cooling water inlet 43 penetrates into the first-level central cone 41. The cooling water flows in from the first-level sleeve cooling water inlet 43, enters the first-level central cone 41 along the first-level sleeve cooling water flow direction 45, flows to both sides, and then flows through the outer wall side of the first-level central cone 41. After cooling the wall surface of the first-level central cone 41, it flows out from the three first-level sleeve cooling water outlets 44.

[0044] Similarly, the secondary support column 32 and the secondary annular cone 31 are both hollow structures and interconnected to form a secondary sleeve cooling water flow channel 35. The secondary sleeve cooling water inlet 34 and the secondary sleeve cooling water outlet 33 are provided on the secondary support column 32. Preferably, the number of secondary sleeve cooling water outlets 33 is greater than the number of secondary sleeve cooling water inlets 34 to ensure that the cooling water is not throttled. This embodiment uses one inlet and three outlets. In addition, the secondary sleeve cooling water in this embodiment is cooled using a bottom-in, top-out flow method to maximize the efficient cooling of the secondary sleeve.

[0045] The base 2 is a hollow structure, and the base cooling water channel 25 is located inside the base 2. The base 2 also includes a base water inlet 22 and a base water outlet 23. The base water inlet 22 and the base water outlet 23 are both arranged on the side close to the base mounting flange 21. The base water inlet 22 and the base water outlet 23 are interconnected with the base cooling water channel 25. In this embodiment, the base 2 is cooled using a one-in-one-out, bottom-in-top-out flow method to improve cooling efficiency. The base 2 is cooled using liquid water. The cooling water flows from the base water inlet 22 into the base cooling water channel 25, cools the base wall along the base cooling water flow direction 24, and then flows out from the base water outlet 23.

[0046] like Figure 2 、 Figure 5As shown, the ejector tube 5 and the exhaust tower 6 are welded together to form an integral component, which is arranged at the outlet end of the high-temperature back pressure regulating device 1. A gap is set between the ejector tube 5 and the high-temperature back pressure regulating device 1. The size of the gap is determined according to the specific high-temperature gas exhaust parameters (flow rate / temperature / pressure, etc.). In this embodiment, the gap is 1 meter. The high-temperature gas flows from the high-temperature gas inlet 11 along the high-temperature gas flow direction 12 into the high-temperature back pressure regulating device 1. After accelerating through the first-level throat 47 and the second-level throat 37, it is ejected at high speed from the high-temperature gas outlet 13, sucking in the surrounding normal-temperature air (normal-temperature air flow direction 51 is from the outside into the ejector tube 5), and flows into the ejector tube 5 together. The mixed and cooled mixed gas flows downstream along the mixed gas flow direction 52 in the ejector tube 5. Finally, the mixed and cooled mixed gas is discharged into the atmosphere through the exhaust tower 6.

[0047] Figure 6 、 Figure 7 There are two working states in this embodiment, Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a wide-adjustment-range ultra-high-temperature back pressure regulating device in a closed state, where high-temperature gas cannot flow out of the device; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a wide-adjustment range ultra-high-temperature back pressure regulating device with the first-stage adjustment fully open. At this time, the high-temperature gas can only flow out from the first-stage throat 47 along the high-temperature gas flow direction 12. The high-temperature back pressure regulating device of this embodiment adopts an axial flow structure, so it does not change the high-temperature gas flow direction, reducing the interference with the flow field. The structure of this embodiment is circumferentially symmetrical, and the circumferential flow field of high-temperature gas is evenly distributed, which minimizes the unbalanced force caused by uneven airflow. On the other hand, the base, sleeve and central cone are all water-cooled, which greatly improves the temperature resistance of the device. There is no need for water spraying for cooling, and it can operate normally directly in a high-temperature flue gas operating environment, which reduces the test cost and greatly reduces the complexity of the test bench system, and improves the safety factor of the test bench. In addition, this embodiment adopts a two-stage parallel adjustment method, which effectively broadens the adjustment range on the basis of ensuring the adjustment accuracy, and solves the technical problem that the adjustment accuracy and adjustment range are difficult to match in actual applications.

[0048] Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, those skilled in the art will appreciate that these are merely illustrative and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of the present invention, and such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ultra-high temperature back pressure regulating device with a wide adjustment range, characterized in that: It comprises a base (2), a primary sleeve (4) and a secondary sleeve (3), wherein: The base (2), the primary sleeve (4) and the secondary sleeve (3) have the same centerline, and from the outside to the inside are the primary sleeve body (40), the secondary sleeve body (30), the base (2), the secondary annular cone (31) and the primary center cone (41); wherein the primary sleeve (4) and the secondary sleeve (3) can move leftward / rightward relative to the base along the axial direction; the secondary sleeve (3) further comprises a secondary sleeve body (30), a secondary support column (32) and a secondary annular cone (31); The secondary support columns (32) are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction and the number thereof is not less than 3, and the secondary sleeve cylinder (30) is connected to the secondary annular cone (31) via the secondary support columns (32); The secondary support column (32) and the secondary annular cone (31) are hollow structures, and are both provided with a secondary sleeve cooling water flow channel (35) therein. The secondary sleeve (3) also includes a secondary sleeve cooling water inlet (34) and a secondary sleeve cooling water outlet (33); The secondary sleeve cooling water inlet (34) and the secondary sleeve cooling water outlet (33) are arranged on the secondary support column (32), and the number of the secondary sleeve cooling water outlet (33) is greater than the number of the secondary sleeve cooling water inlet (34); The first-level sleeve (4) further comprises a first-level sleeve body (40), a first-level support column (42) and a first-level central cone (41); The first-level support columns (42) are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction and the number thereof is not less than 3, and the first-level sleeve body (40) is connected to the first-level central cone (41) via the first-level support columns (42).

2. The ultra-high temperature back pressure regulating device with a wide adjustment range according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the base (2) is provided with a mounting flange (21), and the high-temperature back pressure regulating device with a wide adjustment range is fixedly connected to an upstream pipeline / equipment via the mounting flange (21), and the other end of the high-temperature back pressure regulating device with a wide adjustment range is a free end.

3. The ultra-high temperature back pressure regulating device with a wide adjustment range according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner cylindrical area formed by the base wrapping is a high-temperature gas flow channel, the interior of the base (2) inlet end is a straight pipe section, the interior of the base outlet end is an expansion section, and the inner wall profile of the expansion section is designed according to the back pressure / flow regulation method.

4. The ultra-high temperature back pressure regulating device with a wide adjustment range according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interior of the base (2) is a hollow structure and is provided with a base cooling water flow channel. The base also includes a base water inlet hole (22) and a base water outlet hole (23).

5. The ultra-high temperature back pressure regulating device with a wide adjustment range according to claim 4, characterized in that: The base (2) is cooled by liquid water, and the cooling water flows in a bottom-in and top-out manner. The cooling water flows into the inside of the base (2) from the base water inlet hole (22), cools the base wall along the base cooling water flow channel (25), and then flows out from the base water outlet hole (23).

6. The ultra-high temperature back pressure regulating device with a wide adjustment range according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the secondary annular cone (31) and the inner wall surface of the outlet expansion section of the base (2) form a secondary throat (37).

7. The ultra-high temperature back pressure regulating device with a wide adjustment range according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first-level support column (42) and the first-level central cone (41) are hollow structures, and both are provided with a first-level sleeve cooling water channel (46) therein.

8. The ultra-high temperature back pressure regulating device with a wide adjustment range according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first-level sleeve cooling water inlet (43) and the first-level sleeve cooling water outlet (44) are arranged on the first-level support column (42), and the number of the first-level sleeve cooling water outlet (44) is greater than the number of the first-level sleeve cooling water inlet (43).

9. The ultra-high temperature back pressure regulating device with a wide adjustment range according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first-stage sleeve cooling water inlet (43) penetrates the center of the first-stage central cone (41), and cooling water flows in from the first-stage sleeve cooling water inlet (43), enters the center of the first-stage central cone, flows to both sides, and then flows through the outer wall of the first-stage central cone, cools the wall of the first-stage central cone, and then flows out from the first-stage sleeve cooling water outlet (44).

10. The ultra-high temperature back pressure regulating device with a wide adjustment range according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary central cone (41) adopts a spindle-shaped structure.

11. The ultra-high temperature back pressure regulating device with a wide adjustment range according to claim 10, characterized in that: The spindle-shaped outer wall surface of the primary central cone (41) and the inner surface of the secondary annular cone (31) form a primary throat (47).

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