A test loading device capable of eliminating mutual interference of axial and radial force loads

Abstract

This invention belongs to the technical field of test devices for simulating rotor force loads, specifically relating to a test loading device that can eliminate the mutual interference between axial and radial force loads. This invention applies axial and radial loads separately to two sets of bearings, both of which are suspended structures. The radial loading bearings are roller bearings, whose structural characteristics allow them to transmit only radial loads, unaffected by axial loads; the axial loading bearings are angular contact ball bearings, and their suspended structure ensures they do not bear radial loads. The loads applied to the axial loading bearings are not canceled out, and the load application accuracy is unaffected, fully meeting the technical specifications for aerospace bearing performance evaluation tests.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of test devices for simulating rotor force loads, and specifically relates to a test loading device that can eliminate the mutual interference between axial and radial force loads. Background Technology

[0002] According to relevant specifications for aero-engine testing technology, the central transmission unit and main bearings of aero-engines must undergo corresponding tests and assessments before installation. During testing, to simulate the working conditions of the test component on the aero-engine, axial and radial loads need to be applied to the simulated rotor. Taking bearing testing as an example, currently, the test shaft generally adopts a simply supported beam structure. Its structural arrangement is as follows: the test bearings are located at both ends of the test main shaft, serving as rotor support points. One end of the outer ring pressure plate of the test bearing contacts the hydraulic loading rod, bearing the axial force applied by the hydraulic loading assembly. The radial loading bearing is located in the middle of the rotor, with a bearing housing on its outer ring; the bearing housing contacts the radial loading rod, bearing the radial force applied by the hydraulic loading assembly.

[0003] Existing loading devices have the following drawbacks:

[0004] 1. When axial load and radial load are applied simultaneously, the bearing under axial load also bears radial load. There is a large friction between the outer ring of the test bearing and the bearing housing. The friction is opposite to the direction of the applied axial load. This friction will inevitably offset part of the axial load, resulting in the axial load on the test bearing being less than the test set load, thus failing to meet the technical indicators for bearing performance evaluation.

[0005] 2. The existing loading device can only apply load in one direction when applying axial load, and cannot apply load in the opposite direction, which cannot meet the test requirements for reversing direction during the test. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides a test loading device that can eliminate the mutual interference between axial and radial loads. The axial and radial loads are applied separately to two sets of bearings, both of which are suspended structures. Specifically, the radial loading bearings are roller bearings, whose structural characteristics allow them to transmit only radial loads and are unaffected by axial loads; the axial loading bearings are angular contact ball bearings, and their suspended structure ensures they do not bear radial loads. The loads applied to the axial loading bearings are not canceled out, and the load application accuracy is unaffected, thus fully meeting the technical specifications for aerospace bearing performance evaluation tests.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the specific technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A test loading device capable of eliminating mutual interference between axial and radial force loads, comprising:

[0009] Experimental main axis;

[0010] The test specimen is fixedly mounted on the experimental spindle;

[0011] A radial loading assembly, floatingly mounted on the experimental spindle, is used to transmit radial loads to the experimental spindle;

[0012] A radial hydraulic loading block, with its base fixed to the outer ring of the test piece, is used to apply a rigid radial load to the radial loading assembly based on the loading rod.

[0013] An axial loading assembly, floatingly mounted on the test spindle, is used to transmit axial loads to the test spindle based on a loading rod;

[0014] An axial hydraulic loading block, with its base fixed to the outer ring of the test piece, is used to apply a rigid radial load to the radial loading assembly.

[0015] Specifically, when the radial loading component transmits the radial load to the experimental spindle and the experimental spindle generates axial displacement, the radial loading component flexibly follows the axial displacement.

[0016] When the axial loading component transmits the axial load to the experimental spindle and the experimental spindle generates radial displacement, the axial loading component flexibly follows the radial displacement.

[0017] Furthermore, the radial loading component includes:

[0018] The first radial loading bearing is fixedly mounted on the experimental spindle;

[0019] The second radial loading bearing is fixedly mounted on the experimental spindle.

[0020] A radial loading bearing inner ring spacer sleeve is fixedly fitted on the experimental spindle, with its two axial ends in close contact with the first radial loading bearing and the second radial loading bearing, respectively.

[0021] The radial loading bearing outer ring seat is simultaneously and fixedly fitted onto the outer rings of both the first and second radial loading bearings; when the radial load is applied, it contacts the radial hydraulic loading block.

[0022] Both the first radially loaded bearing and the second radially loaded bearing are roller bearings.

[0023] Furthermore, the axial loading component includes:

[0024] The first axial loading bearing is fixedly mounted on the experimental spindle.

[0025] The second axial loading bearing is fixedly mounted on the experimental spindle.

[0026] An axial loading bearing inner ring spacer sleeve is fixedly fitted on the experimental spindle, with its two ends in close contact with the first axial loading bearing and the second axial loading bearing, respectively.

[0027] An axial loading bearing outer ring seat is fixedly fitted onto the outer rings of both the first and second axial loading bearings; when the axial load is applied, it contacts the axial hydraulic loading block.

[0028] Both the first axial load bearing and the second axial load bearing are angular contact ball bearings.

[0029] Furthermore, the axial hydraulic loading block includes a left hydraulic loading block and a right hydraulic loading block;

[0030] The base of the left hydraulic loading block is fixedly positioned with the outer ring of the test piece to provide an axial load to the outer ring seat of the axially loaded bearing, generating a direction away from the test piece.

[0031] The base of the right hydraulic loading block is fixedly positioned with respect to the outer ring of the test piece, and is used to provide an axial load to the outer ring seat of the axially loaded bearing in a direction close to the test piece.

[0032] Furthermore, the axial loading component also includes:

[0033] Axial loading bearing outer ring pressure plate, two sets of wave springs, and two sets of spring mounting seats;

[0034] A set of spring mounting seats is disposed at one end of the first axial loading bearing near the test piece, for mounting a set of wave springs acting on the outer ring pressure plate of the loading bearing and the outer ring of the first bearing loading bearing;

[0035] Another set of spring mounting seats is disposed at the end of the second axial loading bearing away from the test piece, for mounting another set of wave springs acting on the outer ring pressure plate of the loading bearing and the outer ring of the second bearing loading bearing;

[0036] The preload of the two sets of wave springs is parallel to the axial direction of the experimental spindle.

[0037] Furthermore, the radial loading assembly is disposed between the test specimen and the axial loading assembly;

[0038] The experimental loading device also includes:

[0039] A support bearing is fixedly mounted on the test piece and positioned at the end of the axial loading assembly away from the test piece.

[0040] A support bearing outer ring seat is fitted onto the outer ring of the support bearing and is fixedly positioned with the outer ring of the test piece.

[0041] Wherein: the supporting bearing is a cylindrical roller bearing.

[0042] Furthermore, the test piece is a ball bearing or a central transmission assembly.

[0043] Furthermore, the first radial load bearing and the second radial load bearing have the same specifications;

[0044] The first axial load bearing and the second axial load bearing have the same specifications.

[0045] Furthermore, a force-bearing block is fixedly provided on the outer ring of the axial loading bearing outer ring seat; a plurality of loading rods are evenly distributed around the left and right hydraulic loading blocks; each loading rod acts on the force-bearing block.

[0046] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention can also bring the following beneficial effects:

[0047] 1. The present invention also has the function of reversing the loading direction during the axial force test;

[0048] 2. When applying axial load, this invention can selectively apply load to either the left or right hydraulic loading block to achieve axial load reversal, thus better responding to the load requirements of the test task and more realistically simulating the load conditions of the bearings on the engine. Springs are installed at both ends of the axially loaded bearing to ensure that the load on a single axially loaded bearing does not reverse during the load reversal process, preventing slippage under light load. Attached Figure Description

[0049] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this disclosure. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0050] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a test loading device that can eliminate mutual interference between axial and radial force loads according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the radial loading component in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the axial loading component in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] The components are: 1. Test spindle; 2. Test piece; 3. First radial loading bearing; 4. Radial loading bearing inner ring spacer sleeve; 5. Radial loading bearing nozzle; 6. Radial loading bearing outer ring spacer sleeve; 7. Radial loading bearing outer ring seat; 8. Second radial loading bearing; 9. Radial hydraulic loading block; 10. Radial loading bearing outer ring pressure plate; 11. Radial loading bearing inner ring lock nut; 12. Left hydraulic loading block; 13. Axial loading bearing outer ring pressure plate; 14. Wave spring; 15. Spring mounting seat; 16. First axial loading bearing; 17. Axial loading bearing nozzle; 18. Axial loading bearing inner ring spacer sleeve; 19. Axial loading bearing outer ring seat; 20. Axial loading bearing inner ring seat; 21. Axial loading bearing inner ring lock nut; 22. Right hydraulic loading block; 23. Support bearing outer ring seat; 24. Support bearing; 25. Support bearing outer ring pressure plate; 26. Support bearing inner ring seat; 27. Support bearing inner ring lock nut. Detailed Implementation

[0054] The embodiments of this disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0055] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of this disclosure. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this disclosure from the content disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this disclosure, and not all of them. This disclosure can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of this disclosure. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. Based on the embodiments in this disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0056] It should be noted that various aspects of embodiments within the scope of the appended claims are described below. It will be apparent that the aspects described herein can be embodied in a wide variety of forms, and any particular structure and / or function described herein is merely illustrative. Based on this disclosure, those skilled in the art will understand that one aspect described herein can be implemented independently of any other aspect, and two or more of these aspects can be combined in various ways. For example, any number of aspects set forth herein can be used to implement the device and / or practice the method. Additionally, this device and / or method can be implemented using other structures and / or functionalities besides one or more of the aspects set forth herein.

[0057] It should also be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of this disclosure. The drawings only show the components related to this disclosure and are not drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the form, quantity and proportion of each component can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may also be more complex.

[0058] Furthermore, specific details are provided in the following description to facilitate a thorough understanding of the examples. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the described aspects can be practiced without these specific details.

[0059] In one embodiment of the present invention, a test loading device is provided that can eliminate the mutual interference between axial and radial force loads, such as... Figure 1-3 As shown, it includes:

[0060] Experimental main axis;

[0061] Test piece 2 is fixedly mounted on the experimental spindle;

[0062] A radial loading assembly, floatingly mounted on the experimental spindle, is used to transfer radial loads to experimental spindle 1;

[0063] The radial hydraulic loading block 9 is fixedly positioned on the outer ring of the base and the test piece 2, and is used to apply a rigid radial load to the radial loading assembly based on the loading rod.

[0064] An axial loading assembly, floatingly mounted on the test spindle, is used to transfer axial loads to test spindle 1 based on the loading rod;

[0065] An axial hydraulic loading block is fixedly positioned on the base and the outer ring of the test piece 2, and is used to apply a rigid radial load to the radial loading assembly;

[0066] Specifically, when the radial loading component transmits radial load to the experimental spindle and the experimental spindle generates axial displacement, the radial loading component flexibly follows the axial displacement.

[0067] When the axial loading component transmits axial load to the experimental spindle and the experimental spindle generates radial displacement, the axial loading component flexibly follows the radial displacement.

[0068] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 As shown, the radial loading component includes:

[0069] The first radial loading bearing 3 is fixedly mounted on the experimental spindle;

[0070] The second radial loading bearing 8 is fixedly mounted on the experimental spindle;

[0071] The radial loading bearing inner ring spacer sleeve 4 is fixedly mounted on the experimental spindle, with its two ends in close contact with the first radial loading bearing 3 and the second radial loading bearing 8, respectively.

[0072] The radial loading bearing outer ring seat 7 is simultaneously fixedly fitted onto the outer rings of the first radial loading bearing 3 and the second radial loading bearing 8; when a radial load is applied, it contacts the radial hydraulic loading block 9;

[0073] Both the first radial load bearing 3 and the second radial load bearing 8 are roller bearings.

[0074] In this embodiment, as Figure 3 As shown, the axial loading component includes:

[0075] The first axial loading bearing 16 is fixedly mounted on the experimental spindle;

[0076] The second axial loading bearing is fixedly mounted on the experimental spindle.

[0077] The inner ring spacer sleeve 18 of the axial loading bearing is fixedly mounted on the experimental spindle, with its two ends in close contact with the first axial loading bearing 16 and the second axial loading bearing, respectively.

[0078] The outer ring seat 19 of the axial loading bearing is fixedly fitted onto the outer rings of the first axial loading bearing 16 and the second axial loading bearing; when axial load is applied, it contacts the axial hydraulic loading block.

[0079] Both the first axial load bearing 16 and the second axial load bearing are angular contact ball bearings.

[0080] In this embodiment, the axial hydraulic loading block includes a left hydraulic loading block 12 and a right hydraulic loading block 22;

[0081] The base of the left hydraulic loading block 12 is fixedly positioned with the outer ring of the test piece 2 to provide an axial load to the axially loaded bearing outer ring seat 19 in a direction away from the test piece 2.

[0082] The base of the right hydraulic loading block 22 is fixedly positioned with the outer ring of the test piece 2 to provide an axial load to the axially loaded bearing outer ring seat 19 in a direction close to the test piece 2.

[0083] In this embodiment, the axial loading component further includes:

[0084] Axial loading bearing outer ring pressure plate 13, two sets of wave springs 14 and two sets of spring mounting seats 15;

[0085] A set of spring mounting seats 15 is provided at one end of the first axial loading bearing 16 near the test piece 2, for mounting a set of wave springs 14 that act on the outer ring pressure plate of the loading bearing and the outer ring of the first bearing loading bearing;

[0086] Another set of spring mounting seats 15 is located at the end of the second axial loading bearing away from the test piece 2, and is used to install another set of wave springs 14 that act on the outer ring pressure plate of the loading bearing and the outer ring of the second bearing loading bearing;

[0087] The preload of the two sets of wave springs 14 is parallel to the axial direction of the experimental main shaft.

[0088] In this embodiment, the radial loading component is disposed between the test specimen 2 and the axial loading component;

[0089] The experimental loading device also includes:

[0090] Support bearing 24 is fixedly mounted on test piece 2 and is located at the end of the axial loading assembly away from test piece 2;

[0091] The outer ring seat 23 of the support bearing 24 is fitted onto the outer ring of the support bearing 24 and is fixedly positioned with the outer ring of the test piece 2.

[0092] Among them, the support bearing 24 is a cylindrical roller bearing.

[0093] In this embodiment, test piece 2 is a ball bearing or a central transmission assembly.

[0094] In this embodiment, the first radial load bearing 3 and the second radial load bearing 8 have the same specifications;

[0095] The first axial load bearing 16 and the second axial load bearing have the same specifications.

[0096] In this embodiment, a force-bearing block is fixedly installed on the outer ring of the axial loading bearing outer ring seat 19; multiple loading rods are evenly distributed around the left hydraulic loading block 12 and the right hydraulic loading block 22; each loading rod acts on the force-bearing block. In this embodiment, the test spindle 1 is horizontally arranged, the test piece 2 is set at the left end of the test spindle 1, and the support bearing 24 is set at the right end. A radial loading assembly and an axial loading assembly are arranged from left to right in the middle of the test spindle 1; the test piece 2 is a central transmission assembly, including an angular contact ball bearing and a pair of bevel gears, and the support bearing 24 is a cylindrical roller bearing.

[0097] In the illustrated embodiment, the two radial loading bearings 3 and 8 in the radial loading assembly are cylindrical roller bearings of the same type. A radial loading bearing inner ring spacer sleeve 4 and an outer ring spacer sleeve 6 are provided between the inner and outer rings of the two radial loading bearings 3 and 8, and a radial loading bearing outer ring seat 7 is provided outside the bearings. A radial loading bearing outer ring pressure plate 10 is installed on the radial loading bearing outer ring seat 7 for axial positioning of the radial loading bearing outer ring. The radial hydraulic loading block 9 applies a radial load to the rotor through contact with the outer ring seat 7 via a loading rod. The actual radial load acting on the test piece 2 can be calculated based on the ratio of the load provided by the hydraulic loading block 9 to the position of the radial loading assembly on the test spindle 1.

[0098] The two axial loading bearings in the axial loading assembly are the same type of angular contact ball bearings. An inner ring spacer sleeve 18 is provided between the two axial loading bearings, and an outer ring seat 19 is provided outside the bearings. On both sides of the outer ring seat 19 are outer ring pressure plates 13, wave springs 14, and spring mounting seats for limiting the outer ring of the axial loading bearing 16 and for pre-tightening the bearing. An inner ring seat 20 is provided between the axial loading bearing 16 and the test spindle 1 to meet the installation conditions of the loading bearing. A locking nut 21 is provided on the outside of the right loading bearing to lock the two loading bearings. A baffle is provided circumferentially around the outer ring seat 19. The left hydraulic loading block 12 and the right hydraulic loading block 22 apply axial loads by contacting the baffle on the outer ring seat 19 through the loading rod. The left hydraulic loading block 12 applies a rightward axial load, and the right hydraulic loading block 22 applies a leftward axial load. The load provided by the hydraulic loading blocks in this assembly is the actual axial load borne by the test specimen 2.

[0099] The rightmost part of the test spindle 1 is equipped with a support bearing assembly, including a support bearing 24, an inner ring seat 26, an outer ring seat 23, an outer ring pressure plate 25, and an inner ring locking nut 27. In the schematic diagram, the support bearing 24 is a cylindrical roller bearing. However, depending on the actual test requirements, the support bearing 24 can be replaced with a test bearing after appropriate adjustments to the bearing installation.

[0100] The test loading device of this embodiment, which can eliminate the mutual interference of axial and radial force loads, includes a test spindle 1, a test piece 2, an axial loading assembly, a radial loading assembly, and a support bearing 24 assembly. The test spindle 1 is arranged from left to right with the test piece 2, the radial loading assembly, the axial loading assembly, and the support bearing 24 assembly. The test piece 2 is a ball bearing or a central transmission assembly. The radial loading assembly includes two cylindrical roller bearings, an inner ring spacer sleeve 4, an outer ring spacer sleeve 6, a radial loading nozzle, an inner ring lock nut 11, an outer ring pressure plate 10, and a hydraulic system. The loading block includes a radial loading bearing outer ring seat 7; the axial loading assembly includes two angular contact ball bearings, an axial loading bearing inner ring seat 20, an axial loading bearing inner ring spacer sleeve 18, an axial loading nozzle, an axial loading bearing inner ring lock nut 21, a wave spring 14, a spring mounting seat 15, an axial loading bearing outer ring pressure plate 13, an axial loading bearing outer ring seat 19, a left hydraulic loading block 12, and a right hydraulic loading block 22; the support bearing 24 assembly includes a support bearing 24, a support bearing 24 inner ring seat, a support bearing 24 inner ring lock nut, a support bearing 24 outer ring seat 23, and a support bearing 24 outer ring pressure plate.

[0101] Furthermore, the radial loading bearing outer ring seat 7 is provided with an oil return hole, a loading groove, and a radial loading nozzle mounting hole. The radial loading nozzle is installed on the outer ring seat through the nozzle mounting hole and applies radial force through the loading rod on the hydraulic loading block contacting the loading groove.

[0102] Furthermore, the two cylindrical roller bearings used for radial loading are of the same model, and the two angular contact ball bearings used for axial loading are of the same model.

[0103] Furthermore, the axial loading outer ring seat is provided with an axial loading nozzle mounting hole, through which the axial loading nozzle is installed on the outer ring seat; the outer ring seat is also provided with an oil return hole, from which bearing lubricating oil can flow out.

[0104] Furthermore, the wave spring 14, the spring mounting seat 15, and the outer ring pressure plate 13 of the axial loading bearing are installed at both ends of the outer ring seat 19 of the axial loading bearing. The spring force applies a preload to the axial loading bearing to ensure the normal operation of the axial loading bearing.

[0105] Furthermore, the outer surface of the axial load bearing outer ring seat 19 is provided with a groove, and the circumferential position of the outer ring seat is limited by the boss on the left hydraulic loading block to prevent the outer ring of the axial load bearing from rotating.

[0106] Furthermore, both the left hydraulic loading block 12 and the right hydraulic loading block 22 are provided with a ring of 6 evenly distributed loading rods. Axial force is applied through the contact between the loading rods and the outer ring seat. When applying axial force, the left hydraulic loading block 12 or the right hydraulic loading block 22 can be selected to apply the axial force, thus achieving bidirectional selection of axial force.

[0107] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this disclosure, but the scope of protection of this disclosure is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this disclosure should be included within the scope of protection of this disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of this disclosure should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A test loading device capable of eliminating mutual interference between axial and radial force loads, characterized in that, include: Test spindle; The test piece is fixedly mounted on the test spindle. The test piece is a ball bearing or a central transmission assembly. The central transmission assembly includes an angular contact ball bearing and a pair of bevel gears. A radial loading assembly, floatingly mounted on the test spindle, is used to transmit radial loads to the test spindle; A radial hydraulic loading block, with its base fixed to the outer ring of the test piece, is used to apply a rigid radial load to the radial loading assembly based on the loading rod. The radial loading assembly includes: a first radial loading bearing, fixedly mounted on the test spindle; a second radial loading bearing, fixedly mounted on the test spindle; an inner ring spacer sleeve of the radial loading bearing, fixedly mounted on the test spindle, with its axial ends in close contact with the first and second radial loading bearings respectively; and an outer ring seat of the radial loading bearing, simultaneously fixedly mounted on the outer rings of both the first and second radial loading bearings; when the radial load is applied, it contacts the radial hydraulic loading block; wherein, both the first and second radial loading bearings are roller bearings. An axial loading assembly, floatingly mounted on the test spindle, is used to transmit axial loads to the test spindle based on a loading rod; An axial hydraulic loading block, with its base fixed to the outer ring of the test piece, is used to apply a rigid axial load to the axial loading assembly. The axial loading assembly includes: a first axial loading bearing, fixedly mounted on the test spindle; a second axial loading bearing, fixedly mounted on the test spindle; an inner ring spacer sleeve of the axial loading bearing, fixedly mounted on the test spindle, with its axial ends in close contact with the first and second axial loading bearings respectively; and an outer ring seat of the axial loading bearing, simultaneously fixedly mounted on the outer rings of both the first and second axial loading bearings; when the axial load is applied, it contacts the axial hydraulic loading block; wherein, both the first and second axial loading bearings are angular contact ball bearings. Specifically, when the radial loading component transmits the radial load to the test spindle and the test spindle generates axial displacement, the radial loading component flexibly follows the axial displacement. When the axial loading component transmits the axial load to the test spindle and the test spindle generates radial displacement, the axial loading component flexibly follows the radial displacement.

2. The test loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axial hydraulic loading block includes a left hydraulic loading block and a right hydraulic loading block; The base of the left hydraulic loading block is fixedly positioned with the outer ring of the test piece to provide an axial load to the outer ring seat of the axially loaded bearing, generating a direction away from the test piece. The base of the right hydraulic loading block is fixedly positioned with respect to the outer ring of the test piece, and is used to provide an axial load to the outer ring seat of the axially loaded bearing in a direction close to the test piece.

3. The test loading device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The axial loading component also includes: Axial loading bearing outer ring pressure plate, two sets of wave springs, and two sets of spring mounting seats; A set of spring mounting seats is disposed at one end of the first axial loading bearing near the test piece, for mounting a set of wave springs acting on the outer ring pressure plate of the loading bearing and the outer ring of the first bearing loading bearing; Another set of spring mounting seats is disposed at the end of the second axial loading bearing away from the test piece, for mounting another set of wave springs acting on the outer ring pressure plate of the loading bearing and the outer ring of the second bearing loading bearing; The preload of the two sets of wave springs is parallel to the axial direction of the test spindle.

4. The test loading device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The radial loading assembly is disposed between the test specimen and the axial loading assembly; The test loading device also includes: A support bearing is fixedly mounted on the test piece and positioned at the end of the axial loading assembly away from the test piece. A support bearing outer ring seat is fitted onto the outer ring of the support bearing and is fixedly positioned with the outer ring of the test piece. Wherein: the supporting bearing is a cylindrical roller bearing.

5. The test loading device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first radial load bearing and the second radial load bearing have the same specifications; The first axial load bearing and the second axial load bearing have the same specifications.

6. The test loading device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The outer ring of the axially loaded bearing outer ring seat is fixedly provided with a force-bearing block; both the left and right hydraulic loading blocks are provided with a ring of multiple loading rods evenly distributed around them; each loading rod acts on the force-bearing block.

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