A broadband circularly polarized magneto-electric dipole antenna for 5G communication

Abstract

The application discloses a broadband circularly polarized magneto-electric dipole antenna for 5G communication. The antenna comprises an upper layer metal patch, an upper layer dielectric substrate, a middle layer metal patch, a lower layer dielectric substrate and a lower layer metal patch; the upper layer metal patch comprises two pairs of metal sheets, each metal sheet is provided with a group of metal through holes, penetrates through the upper layer dielectric substrate to connect the upper layer and the middle layer metal patch, one pair of rectangular metal sheets is etched with rectangular corners and metal through holes to realize circular polarization characteristics, and the other pair of rectangular metal sheets is etched with triangular corners and increased inclined elliptical metal patches to expand the axial ratio bandwidth; the middle layer metal patch is laid on the upper surface of the entire lower layer dielectric substrate and etched with a rectangular gap; the lower layer metal patch is composed of three different rectangulars to form a stepped microstrip transmission line, and in combination with the rectangular gap, the antenna is more compact, and the radiation direction is more concentrated. The antenna has the advantages of wide working frequency band, wide axial ratio bandwidth, high and stable gain and application in a 5G communication system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antennas, and in particular to a broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna for 5G communications. Background Art

[0002] Mobile communication technology has experienced rapid development over the past 40 years. From 1G to 4G, mobile communication systems have seen significant advancements in technology, bandwidth, and transmission speed. However, with increasing market demand, 4G is no longer able to meet today's communication needs, leading to the emergence of 5G. Due to the scarcity of spectrum resources and the coexistence of 2G / 3G / 4G / 5G communication systems, antennas used in mobile communication systems need to cover multiple mobile communication frequency bands according to different mobile communication standards. Therefore, wideband antenna design is of practical significance for saving resources and costs.

[0003] Circularly polarized antennas offer advantages such as resistance to Faraday rotation and multipath interference. They can receive signals of any linear polarization, thus avoiding mismatches caused by polarization mismatches. Due to these advantages, circularly polarized antennas are widely used in navigation, detection, and meteorological satellite systems. China's Beidou navigation system also utilizes left-handed circularly polarized waves for communications. Furthermore, circularly polarized waves with different rotation directions do not affect each other. This characteristic makes circularly polarized antennas widely used in electronic countermeasures, communications, and radar polarization diversity. Circularly polarized waves can also reduce the impact of rain and fog on communication stability. Therefore, circularly polarized antennas enable stable communication transmission and are required for signal transmission and reception in many wireless communication systems.

[0004] However, existing circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antennas for 5G communications usually have problems such as complex structure, narrow operating frequency band, narrow axial ratio bandwidth, and low gain. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna for 5G communications with a simple structure and high flexibility. The antenna has a wide operating frequency band, a wide axial ratio bandwidth, high and stable gain, and can be applied to 5G communication systems.

[0006] The technical solution for achieving the purpose of the present invention is: a broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna for 5G communication, comprising an upper metal patch, an upper dielectric substrate, an intermediate metal patch, a lower dielectric substrate, and a lower metal patch arranged from top to bottom, wherein:

[0007] The upper metal patch is composed of two pairs of metal sheets, including a first metal sheet arranged on the upper side and a second metal sheet on the lower side, a third metal sheet parasitic on the upper side, and a fourth metal sheet parasitic on the lower side, wherein the first metal sheet and the second metal sheet have the same structure, and the third metal sheet and the fourth metal sheet have the same structure; the main body of each metal sheet is a rectangular metal sheet, and each metal sheet is provided with a group of metal through holes; the first metal sheet and the second metal sheet are etched with rectangular corners and metal through holes to achieve circular polarization characteristics, and the third metal sheet and the fourth metal sheet are etched with triangular corners and an inclined elliptical metal patch is added to expand the axial ratio bandwidth;

[0008] The upper dielectric substrate is penetrated by the first to fourth groups of metal through holes, connecting the upper metal patch and the middle metal patch;

[0009] The middle layer metal patch is spread over the entire upper surface of the lower dielectric substrate and a rectangular gap is etched;

[0010] The lower dielectric substrate is connected to the middle metal patch and the lower metal patch;

[0011] The lower metal patch is a transmission line composed of three sections of microstrip lines, namely the fifth metal piece, the sixth metal piece and the seventh metal piece. The fifth metal piece, the sixth metal piece and the seventh metal piece are all rectangular metal pieces.

[0012] Furthermore, the main body of the first metal sheet is a rectangular metal sheet, a first rectangle is cut out on the right side, and a first group of metal through holes is provided on the lower side;

[0013] The main body of the second metal sheet is a rectangular metal sheet, a second rectangle is cut out on the left side, and a second set of metal through holes is provided on the lower side;

[0014] The main body of the third metal sheet is a rectangular metal sheet, with the first triangle cut off on the left side, an inclined first elliptical metal sheet added on the right side, and a third set of metal through holes provided on the lower side;

[0015] The main body of the fourth metal sheet is a rectangular metal sheet, with the second triangle cut off on the right side, an inclined second elliptical metal sheet added on the left side, and a fourth group of metal through holes provided on the lower side.

[0016] Furthermore, the rectangular metal sheets of the fifth metal sheet, the sixth metal sheet, and the seventh metal sheet are of different sizes, forming a stepped microstrip line. The stepped microstrip line is combined with the rectangular gap to achieve impedance matching for the antenna.

[0017] Furthermore, energy is input from the fifth metal sheet, transmitted to the seventh metal sheet through the sixth metal sheet, and then coupled to the upper metal patch through the rectangular gap. The middle metal patch is the common floor for the antenna and the transmission line, and the feed line is located on the lower metal patch.

[0018] Further, the upper metal patch increases the tilted first and second elliptical metal patches and the first to fourth groups of metal vias to widen the axial ratio bandwidth.

[0019] Further, the first to fourth groups of metal vias and the rectangular slot via are used to make the antenna have a wideband characteristic.

[0020] Further, the first metal patch and the second metal patch of the upper metal patch are symmetrically arranged about the center, and the third metal patch and the fourth metal patch are symmetrically arranged about the center.

[0021] Further, the first group of metal vias of the upper metal patch is at the edge of the first metal patch, the second group of metal vias is at the edge of the second metal patch, the third group of metal vias is at the center of the third metal patch, and the fourth group of metal vias is at the center of the fourth metal patch.

[0022] Further, the thickness of the upper dielectric substrate is 1.57 mm, the thickness of the lower dielectric substrate is 0.254 mm, and the overall height of the antenna is 1.824 mm.

[0023] Further, the width of the rectangular slot etched by the middle metal patch is 0.8 mm, and the length is 5.4 mm.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages: (1) the rectangular angle and the triangular angle are etched at the same time to realize circular polarization, which is simple in structure and easy to integrate; (2) the tilted elliptical patch is used to widen the circular polarization, which breaks through the previous way of simply etching a rectangular angle to realize circular polarization, making the structure simpler and more flexible; (3) the magnetic-electric dipole structure is used, which has stable directivity, low cross-polarization level, and can be used in 5G communication system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1a is a side view of the wideband circularly polarized magnetic-electric dipole antenna for 5G communication of the present application.

[0026] Figure 1b is a circuit diagram of the upper metal patch of the wideband circularly polarized magnetic-electric dipole antenna for 5G communication of the present application.

[0027] Figure 1c is a top view of the upper dielectric substrate of the antenna of the present application.

[0028] Figure 1d is a circuit diagram of the middle metal patch of the antenna of the present application.

[0029] Figure 1e is a top view of the lower dielectric substrate of the wideband circularly polarized magnetic-electric dipole antenna for 5G communication of the present application.

[0030] Figure 1f This is a circuit diagram of the lower metal patch of the broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna for 5G communications of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 1g It is a top view of the antenna of the present invention from the upper dielectric layer substrate to the lower metal patch.

[0032] Figure 2 The S of the broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna for 5G communication of the present invention is 11 curve chart.

[0033] Figure 3 This is an axial ratio curve diagram of the broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna for 5G communication of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 4 This is a gain curve diagram of the broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna for 5G communications of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 5 This is the xoz plane radiation pattern of the antenna of the present invention at 27.5 GHz.

[0036] Figure 6 It is the yoz plane radiation pattern of the antenna of the present invention at 27.5 GHz.

[0037] Figure 7 This is a diagram of the half-power beamwidth of the broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna for 5G communications of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna for 5G communication of the present invention has the advantages of wide bandwidth, wide axial ratio bandwidth and applicability to 5G communication. In order to reduce the influence of microstrip line on antenna performance, it is used as the bottom metal patch to make the antenna performance more stable. The circular polarization performance is achieved by etching rectangular corners and triangular corners at the same time. The slot coupling feeding method makes the antenna have a wider impedance bandwidth. The upper metal patch is added with inclined elliptical patches and metal through holes to make the antenna have a wider axial ratio frequency band.

[0039] Combine Figure 1a to Figure 1g The present invention provides a broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna for 5G communication, comprising an upper metal patch 1, an upper dielectric substrate 2, an intermediate metal patch 3, a lower dielectric substrate 4, and a lower metal patch 5, arranged from top to bottom, wherein:

[0040] The upper metal patch 1 is composed of two pairs of metal sheets, including a first metal sheet 11 arranged on the upper side and a second metal sheet 12 on the lower side, a third metal sheet 13 parasitic on the upper side and a fourth metal sheet 14 parasitic on the lower side, wherein the first metal sheet 11 and the second metal sheet 12 have the same structure, and the third metal sheet 13 and the fourth metal sheet 14 have the same structure; the main body of each metal sheet is a rectangular metal sheet, and each metal sheet is provided with a group of metal through holes; the first metal sheet 11 and the second metal sheet 12 are etched with rectangular corners and metal through holes to achieve circular polarization characteristics, and the third metal sheet 13 and the fourth metal sheet 14 are etched with triangular corners and add tilted elliptical metal patches to expand the axial ratio bandwidth;

[0041] The upper dielectric substrate 2 is penetrated by the first to fourth groups of metal through holes 21, 22, 23, 24, connecting the upper metal patch 1 and the middle metal patch 3;

[0042] The middle layer metal patch 3 is spread over the entire upper surface of the lower dielectric substrate 4 and a rectangular gap 31 is etched;

[0043] The lower dielectric substrate 4 connects the middle metal patch 3 and the lower metal patch 5;

[0044] The lower metal patch 5 is a transmission line composed of three sections of microstrip lines, namely a fifth metal piece 51, a sixth metal piece 52 and a seventh metal piece 53. The fifth metal piece 51, the sixth metal piece 52 and the seventh metal piece 53 are all rectangular metal pieces.

[0045] As a specific example, the main body of the first metal sheet 11 is a rectangular metal sheet, a first rectangle 111 is cut out on the right side, and a first group of metal through holes 21 is provided on the lower side;

[0046] The main body of the second metal sheet 12 is a rectangular metal sheet with a second rectangle 121 cut out on the left side and a second set of metal through holes 22 provided on the lower side;

[0047] The main body of the third metal sheet 13 is a rectangular metal sheet, with a first triangle 131 cut off on the left side and an inclined first elliptical metal sheet 132 added to the right side. A third set of metal through holes 23 is provided on the lower side.

[0048] The main body of the fourth metal sheet 14 is a rectangular metal sheet, with a second triangle 141 cut off on the right side and an inclined second elliptical metal sheet 142 added on the left side. A fourth set of metal through holes 24 is provided on the lower side.

[0049] As a specific example, the fifth metal sheet 51 , the sixth metal sheet 52 , and the seventh metal sheet 53 have rectangular metal sheets of different sizes, forming a stepped microstrip line. The stepped microstrip line is combined with the rectangular gap 31 to achieve impedance matching for the antenna.

[0050] As a specific example, energy is input by the fifth metal sheet 51, transmitted to the seventh metal sheet 53 through the sixth metal sheet 52, and then coupled to the upper metal patch 1 through the rectangular gap 31. The middle metal patch 3 is the common floor for the antenna and the transmission line, and the feeder is located on the lower metal patch 5.

[0051] As a specific example, the upper metal patch 1 is added with an inclined first elliptical metal sheet 132 , a second elliptical metal sheet 142 and first to fourth groups of metal through holes 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 to widen the axial ratio bandwidth.

[0052] As a specific example, the antenna is provided with broadband characteristics by adopting the first to fourth groups of metal through holes 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 and the rectangular slot 31 via hole.

[0053] As a specific example, the first metal sheet 11 and the second metal sheet 12 of the upper metal patch 1 are symmetrically arranged about the center, and the third metal sheet 13 and the fourth metal sheet 14 are symmetrically arranged about the center.

[0054] As a specific example, the first group of metal through holes 21 of the upper metal patch 1 is at the edge of the first metal sheet 11, the second group of metal through holes 22 is at the edge of the second metal sheet 12, the third group of metal through holes 23 is at the center of the third metal sheet 13, and the fourth group of metal through holes 24 is at the center of the fourth metal sheet 14.

[0055] As a specific example, the thickness of the upper dielectric substrate 2 is 1.57 mm, the thickness of the lower dielectric substrate 4 is 0.254 mm, and the overall height of the antenna is 1.824 mm.

[0056] As a specific example, the rectangular gap 31 etched on the middle metal patch 3 has a width of 0.8 mm and a length of 5.4 mm.

[0057] The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0058] Example

[0059] Combine Figure 1a to Figure 1gThe broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna for 5G communication of the present invention comprises an upper metal patch 1, an upper dielectric substrate 2, an intermediate metal patch 3, a lower dielectric substrate 4, and a lower metal patch 5; the upper metal patch 1 is composed of two pairs of metal sheets, including a first metal sheet 11 arranged on the upper side and a second metal sheet 12 on the lower side, a third metal sheet 13 parasitic on the upper side and a fourth metal sheet 14 parasitic on the lower side, wherein the first metal sheet 11 and the second metal sheet 12 have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged about the center, and the third metal sheet 13 and the fourth metal sheet 14 have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged about the center; the main body of each metal sheet is a rectangular metal sheet, the right side of the first metal sheet 11 is cut off from the first rectangle 111, the left side of the second metal sheet 12 is cut off from the second rectangle 121, and the third A first triangle 131 is cut off from the left side of the metal sheet 13, and an inclined first ellipse 132 is added to the right side; a second triangle 141 is cut off from the right side of the fourth metal sheet 14, and an inclined second ellipse 142 is added to the left side; each metal sheet is provided with a group of metal through holes, specifically the first to fourth groups of metal through holes 21, 22, 23, and 24, which pass through the upper dielectric substrate 2 and are connected to the middle metal patch; the middle metal patch 3 is flattened on the entire upper surface of the lower dielectric substrate 4, and a rectangular gap 31 is etched; the lower dielectric substrate 4 connects the middle metal patch 3 and the lower metal patch 5; the lower metal patch 5 is a stepped transmission line composed of three microstrip lines, and the fifth metal sheet 51, the sixth metal sheet 52, and the seventh metal sheet 53 are all rectangular metal sheets, but the rectangles are of different sizes.

[0060] The design process of the present invention is as follows:

[0061] (i) The thickness of the upper dielectric substrate 2 is 1.57 mm and the dielectric constant is 2.2. The thickness of the lower dielectric substrate 4 is 0.254 mm and the dielectric constant is 2.2.

[0062] (2) The upper metal patch 1 adds an inclined elliptical metal sheet and a metal through hole to widen the axial ratio bandwidth, and the use of metal through holes 21, 22, 23, 24 and a rectangular slot 31 through hole makes the antenna have broadband characteristics;

[0063] (3) The stepped microstrip line composed of the rectangular metal pieces 51, 52, 53 of the lower metal patch 5 and the rectangular gap of the middle metal patch are combined to achieve better impedance matching of the antenna.

[0064] (4) The use of magneto-electric dipole antenna makes the radiation stable and the cross-polarization level low.

[0065] Combine Figure 1a to Figure 1g The invention provides a broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna for 5G communication. The material of the dielectric substrate 2 is Roger RT5880, and the dielectric constant ε r=2.2, thickness H1 = 1.57mm, size 10mm×10mm×1.57mm, the material of dielectric substrate 5 is Roger RT5880, dielectric constant ε r =2.2, thickness H2 =0.254mm, size is 10mm×10mm×0.254mm; the metal through holes 21, 22, 23, 24 penetrating the upper dielectric substrate 2 have a diameter of 0.4mm, and the rectangular gap 31 on the middle metal patch has a width of 0.8mm and a length of 5.4mm.

[0066] Figure 2 The S of the broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna for 5G communication of the present invention is 11 The curve chart shows that the operating frequency band of the broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna for 5G communication is 20.6~32.7GHz, the absolute bandwidth is 12.1GHz, and the relative bandwidth is 45.5%. This antenna has a wide operating frequency band.

[0067] Figure 3 This is an axial ratio curve diagram of the broadband circularly polarized magneto-electric dipole antenna for 5G communication of the present invention. The axial ratio band of the broadband circularly polarized magneto-electric dipole antenna for 5G communication is 26.4~31.9GHz, the absolute axial ratio bandwidth is 5.4GHz, and the relative axial ratio bandwidth is 18.6%.

[0068] Figure 4 This is a graph showing how the gain of the broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna for 5G communications varies with frequency, with a peak gain of 8.3 dBic.

[0069] Figure 5 This is the xoz plane radiation pattern of the broadband circularly polarized magneto-electric dipole antenna for 5G communication of the present invention at 27.5GHz. The broadband circularly polarized magneto-electric dipole antenna for 5G communication has a stable radiation pattern, obvious main polarization, and low cross-polarization level.

[0070] Figure 6 This is the yoz plane radiation pattern of the broadband circularly polarized magneto-electric dipole antenna for 5G communication of the present invention at 27.5GHz. The broadband circularly polarized magneto-electric dipole antenna for 5G communication has a stable radiation pattern, obvious main polarization, and low cross-polarization level.

[0071] Figure 7 This is the half-power beamwidth diagram of the broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna for 5G communication of the present invention at 27.5GHz, and the horizontal and vertical beamwidths are both greater than 70°.

[0072] In summary, the broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna for 5G communication of the present invention has a wide frequency band and axial ratio bandwidth, high gain within the operating frequency band, stable radiation pattern, low cross-polarization level, simple structure, easy processing and implementation, and can be applied to 5G communication systems.

Claims

1. A broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna for 5G communications, characterized in that: It comprises an upper metal patch (1), an upper dielectric substrate (2), an intermediate metal patch (3), a lower dielectric substrate (4), and a lower metal patch (5) arranged from top to bottom, wherein: The upper metal patch (1) is composed of two pairs of metal sheets, including a first metal sheet (11) arranged on the upper side and a second metal sheet (12) on the lower side, a third metal sheet (13) parasitic on the upper side and a fourth metal sheet (14) parasitic on the lower side, wherein the first metal sheet (11) and the second metal sheet (12) have the same structure, and the third metal sheet (13) and the fourth metal sheet (14) have the same structure; the main body of each metal sheet is a rectangular metal sheet, and each metal sheet is provided with a group of metal through holes; the first metal sheet (11) and the second metal sheet (12) are etched with rectangular corners and metal through holes to achieve circular polarization characteristics, and the third metal sheet (13) and the fourth metal sheet (14) are etched with triangular corners and add inclined elliptical metal patches to expand the axial ratio bandwidth; The upper dielectric substrate (2) is penetrated by the first to fourth groups of metal through holes (21, 22, 23, 24), connecting the upper metal patch (1) and the middle metal patch (3); The intermediate metal patch (3) is spread over the entire upper surface of the lower dielectric substrate (4), and a rectangular gap (31) is etched therein; The lower dielectric substrate (4) is connected to the middle metal patch (3) and the lower metal patch (5); The lower metal patch (5) is a transmission line composed of three sections of microstrip lines, namely a fifth metal piece (51), a sixth metal piece (52) and a seventh metal piece (53); the fifth metal piece (51), the sixth metal piece (52) and the seventh metal piece (53) are all rectangular metal pieces; The main body of the first metal sheet (11) is a rectangular metal sheet, a first rectangle (111) is cut out on the right side, and a first group of metal through holes (21) is provided on the lower side; The main body of the second metal sheet (12) is a rectangular metal sheet, a second rectangle (121) is cut out on the left side, and a second group of metal through holes (22) is provided on the lower side; The main body of the third metal sheet (13) is a rectangular metal sheet, with a first triangle (131) cut off on the left side, an inclined first elliptical metal sheet (132) added to the right side, and a third group of metal through holes (23) provided on the lower side; The main body of the fourth metal sheet (14) is a rectangular metal sheet, the second triangle (141) is cut off on the right side, an inclined second elliptical metal sheet (142) is added on the left side, and a fourth group of metal through holes (24) is provided on the lower side; The rectangular metal sheets of the fifth metal sheet (51), the sixth metal sheet (52), and the seventh metal sheet (53) are of different sizes and form a stepped microstrip line. The stepped microstrip line is combined with the rectangular gap (31) to achieve impedance matching of the antenna. Energy is input from the fifth metal patch (51), transmitted to the seventh metal patch (53) through the sixth metal patch (52), and then coupled to the upper metal patch (1) through the rectangular gap (31). The middle metal patch (3) is a common floor for the antenna and the transmission line, and the feed line is located on the lower metal patch (5).

2. The broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna for 5G communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper metal patch (1) is added with an inclined first elliptical metal sheet (132), a second elliptical metal sheet (142), and first to fourth groups of metal through holes (21, 22, 23, 24) to widen the axial ratio bandwidth.

3. The broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna for 5G communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna has broadband characteristics by adopting the first to fourth groups of metal through holes (21, 22, 23, 24) and rectangular slot (31) via holes.

4. The broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna for 5G communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first metal sheet (11) and the second metal sheet (12) of the upper metal patch (1) are arranged symmetrically about the center, and the third metal sheet (13) and the fourth metal sheet (14) are arranged symmetrically about the center.

5. The broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna for 5G communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first group of metal through holes (21) of the upper metal patch (1) is located at an edge of the first metal sheet (11), the second group of metal through holes (22) is located at an edge of the second metal sheet (12), the third group of metal through holes (23) is located at a center of the third metal sheet (13), and the fourth group of metal through holes (24) is located at a center of the fourth metal sheet (14).

6. The broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna for 5G communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the upper dielectric substrate (2) is 1.57 mm, the thickness of the lower dielectric substrate (4) is 0.254 mm, and the overall height of the antenna is 1.824 mm.

7. The broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna for 5G communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the rectangular gap (31) etched on the middle metal patch (3) is 0.8 mm and the length is 5.4 mm.

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