Neutron tube deuterium-tritium reservoir and method of making

Abstract

The application discloses a neutron tube deuterium-tritium reservoir, a nickel tube is arranged in the nickel cylinder body, through holes are arranged on the nickel tube, a hydrogen absorption coating is arranged on the inner and outer surfaces of the nickel tube and the side surface of the nickel cylinder body, ceramic tubes are arranged between the nickel cylinder body and the nickel tube and in the nickel tube, sealing openings are arranged at the bottom of the nickel cylinder body and the nickel tube, insulating sealing ceramic glue is arranged at the sealing openings, and the two ends of the ceramic tubes pass through the insulating sealing ceramic glue at the bottom of the nickel tube and the bottom of the nickel cylinder body respectively; the internal double-layer structure greatly increases the storage capacity of the hydrogen absorption material for deuterium-tritium gas, the double-layer spiral ceramic tubes are heated to cooperate with the double-layer structure, the hydrogen absorption material heating surface of the device can be increased, the size of the heating current is controlled to realize accurate control of the deuterium-tritium gas release amount, the closed reservoir made of alloy metal nickel avoids exposing the hydrogen storage material, has the function of hydrogen permeation, and guarantees the deuterium-tritium release.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of sealed neutron tube technology, and more particularly to a neutron tube deuterium-tritium storage device and its manufacturing method. Background Technology

[0002] A sealed neutron tube is a relatively portable, small-scale accelerator neutron source with excellent characteristics such as high neutron yield, good monochromatic energy spectrum, and no gamma background. During operation, a 2kV high voltage is applied at the ion source, and a voltage above -100kV is applied at the target electrode. A deuterium-tritium mixture is supplied to the tube by a hydrogen-absorbing thermionic filament, with a pressure of approximately 10 kV. -3 ~10 -1 Within the Pa range.

[0003] Current neutron tube deuterium-tritium storage devices have a simple structure, as shown in the attached manual. Figure 4 The diagram shows an existing deuterium-tritium storage device. Its simple structure leads to poor stability of deuterium-tritium gas release during use, with large fluctuations and slow release. At the same time, the exposed hydrogen storage material causes impurities to be released when the storage device is repeatedly heated, making it difficult to increase the high pressure of the neutron tube target. Furthermore, the connection between the device and the neutron tube is not secure enough. Therefore, this invention proposes a neutron tube deuterium-tritium storage device and its manufacturing method to solve the problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention aims to provide a neutron tube deuterium-tritium storage device and its manufacturing method. This neutron tube deuterium-tritium storage device and its manufacturing method significantly increase the storage capacity of the hydrogen-absorbing material for deuterium-tritium gas through its internal double-layer structure. Furthermore, the heating of the double-layer spiral ceramic tube, combined with the double-layer structure, allows for an increase in the heating surface of the hydrogen-absorbing material. By controlling the magnitude of the heating current, precise control of the deuterium-tritium gas release can be achieved. The sealed storage device, made of nickel alloy, avoids exposing the hydrogen storage material while also allowing hydrogen permeability, thus ensuring the release of deuterium-tritium.

[0005] To achieve the objectives of this invention, the following technical solution is provided: A neutron tube deuterium-tritium storage device includes a nickel cylinder body, a nickel tube, a through hole, a hydrogen-absorbing coating, a ceramic tube, a sealing port, and an insulating sealing ceramic adhesive. The nickel cylinder body contains the nickel tube, which is coaxially arranged. The nickel tube has a through hole. A hydrogen-absorbing coating is applied to the inner and outer surfaces of the nickel tube and the inner side of the nickel cylinder body. A ceramic tube is arranged between the nickel cylinder body and the nickel tube, and inside the nickel tube, spaced equidistantly from the nickel cylinder body and the nickel tube. A sealing port is provided at the bottom of the nickel cylinder body and the nickel tube, with two sets of sealing ports arranged concentrically. Stepped grooves are provided on the inner and outer sides of the sealing port below the nickel cylinder body and below the nickel tube. An insulating sealing ceramic adhesive is applied to the sealing port, fitting snugly into the stepped grooves. Both ends of the ceramic tube pass through the insulating sealing ceramic adhesive at the bottom of the nickel tube and the bottom of the nickel cylinder body, respectively, and are sealed together.

[0006] A further improvement is made in that: the ceramic tube is arranged in a double-layer spiral structure and is an integrally connected structure. A tungsten rhenium wire is inserted inside the ceramic tube. One end of the tungsten rhenium wire passes through the outlet of the outer ceramic tube of the insulating and sealing ceramic adhesive below the nickel cylinder body and is welded to the outer side of the nickel cylinder body. The other end extends out from the outlet of the outer ceramic tube of the insulating and sealing ceramic adhesive below the nickel tube and is connected to the power supply. When inserting the tungsten rhenium wire, it is inserted from the opening of the outer ceramic tube of the insulating and sealing ceramic adhesive below the nickel tube until it extends out from the opening of the outer ceramic tube of the insulating and sealing ceramic adhesive below the nickel cylinder body and is then welded to the side of the nickel cylinder body. The other end is connected to the external power supply.

[0007] A further improvement is that the insulating sealing ceramic adhesive is compatible with the sealing port and the ceramic tube.

[0008] A further improvement is that: the upper end of the nickel cylinder body is provided with a connecting guide bucket via a connecting column. One end of the connecting column is welded to both sides of the upper end of the nickel cylinder body, and the other end is welded to the inner side of the connecting guide bucket. The connecting guide bucket is made of 316 stainless steel. The upper end of the connecting guide bucket is provided with a connecting pipe, which connects to the inner cavity of the neutron tube during installation and the bucket-shaped sidewall is sealed and welded to the sidewall of the neutron tube.

[0009] A method for manufacturing a neutron tube deuterium-tritium storage device includes the following steps:

[0010] Step 1: Main structure forming. The nickel cylinder body and nickel tube are prepared by casting. Through holes are evenly opened on the nickel tube. The formed material is then cleaned to obtain the main structure material.

[0011] Step 2: Coating treatment. Apply a hydrogen-absorbing coating to the inner side of the nickel cylinder body and the inner and outer sides of the nickel tube to obtain the main body to be assembled.

[0012] Step 3: Ceramic tube forming. A ceramic tube with an inner and outer double helix structure is prepared by melt extrusion molding for later use.

[0013] Step 4: Sealing and assembly. Use the molded ceramic tube sleeve to cover the nickel tube from above and place it on the insulating and sealing ceramic adhesive molding mold. Then, put the nickel cylinder body on the outside of the ceramic tube and place it on the molding mold to complete the assembly.

[0014] Step 5: Sealing and vacuum treatment. Inject the sealing and insulating adhesive into the molding mold, wait for it to cure and seal, remove the excess material, then open a hole at the top of the nickel cylinder body, draw a vacuum, and immediately weld and seal it to create a certain vacuum state inside, thus obtaining the storage body.

[0015] Step 6: Threading and welding. Insert the tungsten rhenium wire into one end of the ceramic tube and out the other end. Then, weld the tungsten rhenium wire near the nickel cylinder body to the outer wall of the nickel cylinder body. Finally, weld the connecting guide bucket to the top of the nickel cylinder body to obtain the complete storage container.

[0016] Further improvements are made as follows: After casting in step one, the inner and outer surfaces of the nickel cylinder body and the nickel tube need to be ground and polished. Then, the matching stepped groove for positioning the insulating and sealing ceramic adhesive is leveled using a milling machine before the hole is opened and cleaned. During the cleaning process, an oil remover is used for cleaning, followed by rinsing with clean water and drying. In step two, when applying the hydrogen-absorbing coating, all through holes on the nickel tube must be kept open.

[0017] A further improvement is that the insulating and sealing ceramic adhesive shaping mold in step four includes a base body, a positioning and mounting groove, positioning posts, positioning slots and insertion holes. The positioning and mounting groove is provided on the top of the base body, and positioning posts are distributed in a ring in the positioning and mounting groove. Positioning slots are distributed in a ring at the bottom of the nickel tube, and insertion holes are provided in the positioning and mounting groove.

[0018] Further improvements include: two sets of insertion holes are provided, and the spacing between the two sets of insertion holes corresponds to the two ports of the ceramic tube; the positioning post is adapted to the positioning groove below the nickel tube; and an injection groove is provided on the side of the positioning mounting groove, which is connected to the positioning mounting groove.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: the internal double-layer structure greatly increases the storage capacity of the hydrogen-absorbing material for deuterium and tritium gas, and the heating of the double-layer spiral ceramic tube combined with the double-layer structure allows the device to increase the heating surface of the hydrogen-absorbing material. By controlling the magnitude of the heating current, the release of deuterium and tritium gas can be precisely controlled. The sealed storage device made of nickel alloy metal avoids the exposure of the hydrogen storage material while also having the function of hydrogen permeability, ensuring the release of deuterium and tritium. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a front cross-sectional view of the storage device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a front sectional view of the mold for Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the method in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of an existing deuterium-tritium storage device.

[0024] The components include: 1. Nickel cylinder body; 2. Nickel tube; 3. Through hole; 4. Hydrogen absorption coating; 5. Ceramic tube; 6. Sealing port; 7. Insulating and sealing ceramic adhesive; 8. Tungsten rhenium wire; 9. Connecting guide bucket; 10. Base body; 11. Positioning and mounting groove; 12. Positioning post; 13. Positioning groove; 14. Insertion hole; 15. Glue injection groove; 16. Connecting pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To enhance understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. These embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] according to Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a neutron tube deuterium-tritium storage device, including a nickel cylinder body 1, a nickel tube 2, a through hole 3, a hydrogen-absorbing coating 4, a ceramic tube 5, a sealing port 6, and an insulating sealing ceramic adhesive 7. The nickel cylinder body 1 has a nickel tube 2 inside, and the nickel cylinder body and the nickel tube are arranged coaxially. The nickel tube 2 has a through hole 3. The inner and outer surfaces of the nickel tube 2 and the inner side of the nickel cylinder body 1 are covered with a hydrogen-absorbing coating 4. The nickel cylinder body 1 and the nickel tube 2 are arranged between the nickel cylinder body 1 and the nickel tube 2 and inside the nickel tube 2. The ceramic tube 5 is arranged at equal intervals from the nickel cylinder body and the nickel tube. The bottom of the nickel cylinder body 1 and the nickel tube 2 are provided with a sealing port 6. The two sets of sealing ports are arranged in concentric circles. The inner side of the sealing port below the nickel cylinder body and the inner side and outer side of the sealing port below the nickel tube are provided with stepped grooves. The sealing port 6 is sealed with insulating sealing ceramic adhesive 7. The insulating sealing ceramic adhesive is fitted and matched with the stepped groove. The two ends of the ceramic tube 5 pass through the insulating sealing ceramic adhesive 7 at the bottom of the nickel tube 2 and the bottom of the nickel cylinder body 1, respectively, and are sealed and connected.

[0028] The ceramic tube 5 has a double-layer spiral structure and is an integrally connected structure. A tungsten rhenium wire 8 is inserted inside the ceramic tube 5. One end of the tungsten rhenium wire 8 passes through the outlet of the ceramic tube 5 outside the insulating and sealing ceramic glue 7 below the nickel cylinder body 1 and is welded to the outer side of the nickel cylinder body 1. The other end extends out from the outlet of the ceramic tube 5 outside the insulating and sealing ceramic glue 7 below the nickel tube 2 and is connected to the power supply. When inserting the tungsten rhenium wire, it is inserted from the opening of the ceramic tube outside the insulating and sealing ceramic glue below the nickel tube until it extends out from the opening of the ceramic tube outside the insulating and sealing ceramic glue below the nickel cylinder body and is then welded to the side of the nickel cylinder body. The other end is connected to the external power supply.

[0029] The insulating and sealing ceramic adhesive 7 is compatible with the sealing port 6 and the ceramic tube 5.

[0030] The upper end of the nickel cylinder body 1 is provided with a connecting guide bucket 9 via a connecting column. One end of the connecting column is welded to both sides of the upper end of the nickel cylinder body, and the other end is welded to the inner side of the connecting guide bucket. The connecting guide bucket is made of 316 stainless steel. The upper end of the connecting guide bucket is provided with a connecting pipe 16, which connects to the inner cavity of the neutron tube during installation and the bucket-shaped sidewall is sealed and welded to the sidewall of the neutron tube.

[0031] Example 2

[0032] according to Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for manufacturing a neutron tube deuterium-tritium storage device, including the following steps:

[0033] Step 1: Main structure forming. The nickel cylinder body and nickel tube 2 are prepared by casting. Through holes 3 are evenly opened on the nickel tube 2. The formed material is then cleaned to obtain the main structure material.

[0034] After casting, the inner and outer surfaces of the nickel cylinder body 1 and nickel tube 2 need to be ground and polished. Then, the matching stepped groove for positioning the insulating sealing ceramic glue 7 is leveled using a milling machine before opening and cleaning. During cleaning, an oil remover is used, followed by rinsing with clean water and drying.

[0035] Step 2: Coating treatment. Apply a layer of hydrogen-absorbing coating 4 to the inner side of the nickel cylinder body and the inner and outer sides of the nickel tube 2 to obtain the main body to be assembled. When applying the hydrogen-absorbing coating 4, all the through holes 3 on the nickel tube 2 must be kept open.

[0036] Step 3: Ceramic tube 5 is formed by using melt extrusion molding to prepare a ceramic tube 5 with an inner and outer double helix structure for later use.

[0037] Step 4: Sealing and assembly. Using the 5 sets of molded ceramic tubes, the nickel tube 2 is placed on the insulating and sealing ceramic adhesive 7 mold from above. Then, the nickel cylinder body 1 is placed on the outside of the ceramic tube 5 and also placed on the mold to complete the assembly.

[0038] The insulating and sealing ceramic adhesive 7 forming mold includes a base body 10, a positioning mounting groove 11, positioning posts 12, positioning grooves 13 and insertion holes 14. The positioning mounting groove 11 is provided on the top of the base body 10. Positioning posts 12 are fixedly distributed in a ring in the positioning mounting groove 11. There are four sets of positioning posts. Positioning grooves 13 are distributed in a ring at the bottom of the nickel tube 2, corresponding to the positioning posts. Insertion holes 14 are provided in the positioning mounting groove 11.

[0039] The insertion holes 14 are provided in two sets, and the spacing between the two sets of insertion holes 14 and the two ports of the ceramic tube 5 corresponds. During positioning and installation, the nickel tube is first positioned and installed by the positioning post and positioning groove. Then, the two ends of the ceramic tube are inserted into the insertion holes for positioning. Finally, the nickel tube body is sleeved on the outside of the ceramic tube. The positioning post 12 is matched with the positioning groove 13 below the nickel tube 2. The side of the positioning and installation groove 11 is provided with an injection groove 15, which is connected to the positioning and installation groove 11.

[0040] Step 5: Sealing and vacuum treatment. Inject the sealing and insulating adhesive into the molding mold and wait for it to cure and seal. After removing the excess material, open a hole at the top of the nickel cylinder body 1, draw a vacuum, and immediately weld and seal it to create a certain vacuum state inside, thus obtaining the storage body.

[0041] Now, apply a release agent to the positioning and installation groove. Then, when injecting the adhesive, inject the insulating and sealing ceramic adhesive into the positioning and installation groove through the injection groove until the insulating and sealing ceramic adhesive in the injection groove reaches half the depth of the injection groove. Stop injecting adhesive and wait for it to cool and set. After it has set, demold and remove the excess insulating and sealing ceramic adhesive from the injection groove and the channel below.

[0042] Step 6: Threading and welding. Insert the tungsten rhenium wire 8 into one end of the ceramic tube 5 and out the other end. Then, weld the tungsten rhenium wire 8 near the nickel cylinder body 1 to the outer wall of the nickel cylinder body 1. Next, weld the connecting post for fixing the connecting guide 9 to the top of the nickel cylinder body 1. Finally, fix the connecting guide 9 to the connecting post to obtain the complete storage container.

[0043] During installation and use, the connecting pipe at the upper end of the connecting guide bucket is sealed and connected to the inner cavity of the neutron tube. Then, the side edge of the connecting guide bucket is sealed and welded to the neutron tube to complete the installation.

[0044] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A neutron tube deuterium-tritium reservoir, characterized by: The application relates to a nickel cylinder storage device, which comprises a nickel cylinder body (1), a nickel tube (2), through holes (3), a hydrogen absorption coating (4), a ceramic tube (5), a sealing opening (6) and insulation sealing ceramic glue (7), the nickel cylinder body (1) is internally provided with the nickel tube (2), the nickel tube (2) is provided with the through holes (3), the inner and outer surfaces of the nickel tube (2) and the internal side surface of the nickel cylinder body (1) are provided with the hydrogen absorption coating (4), the nickel cylinder body (1) and the nickel tube (2) and the inside of the nickel tube (2) are provided with the ceramic tube (5), the bottom of the nickel cylinder body (1) and the nickel tube (2) is provided with the sealing opening (6), the sealing opening (6) is provided with the insulation sealing ceramic glue (7), and the two ends of the ceramic tube (5) respectively pass through the insulation sealing ceramic glue (7) at the bottom of the nickel tube (2) and the bottom of the nickel cylinder body (1).

2. A deuterium-tritium storage vessel for a neutron tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ceramic tube (5) is arranged in a double-layer spiral structure, the tungsten-rhenium wire (8) is inserted into the ceramic tube (5), one end of the tungsten-rhenium wire (8) is welded to the outer side wall of the nickel cylinder body (1) after being led out from the outlet of the ceramic tube (5) outside the insulation sealing ceramic glue (7) below the nickel cylinder body (1), and the other end of the tungsten-rhenium wire (8) is connected to a power supply after being led out from the outlet of the ceramic tube (5) outside the insulation sealing ceramic glue (7) below the nickel tube (2).

3. A deuterium-tritium storage vessel for a neutron tube according to claim 1, wherein: The insulation sealing ceramic glue (7) is sealingly matched with the sealing opening (6) and the ceramic tube (5), and the nickel cylinder body (1) is coaxially arranged with the nickel tube (2).

4. A deuterium-tritium storage vessel for a neutron tube according to claim 1, wherein: The upper end of the nickel cylinder body (1) is provided with a connecting guide chute (9) through a connecting column, and the upper end of the connecting guide chute is provided with a communicating pipe (16).

5. A method of making a deuterium-tritium reservoir for a neutron tube according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The application further discloses a preparation method of the nickel cylinder storage device. Step one, main structure forming, a nickel cylinder body and a nickel tube (2) are prepared by using a casting forming method, the through holes (3) are uniformly arranged on the nickel tube (2), and the formed material is cleaned to obtain a main structure material; Step two, coating treatment, a layer of hydrogen absorption coating (4) is coated on the internal side surface of the nickel cylinder body and the inner and outer side surfaces of the nickel tube (2) to obtain a main body to be assembled; Step three, ceramic tube (5) forming, a ceramic tube (5) with an inner and outer double spiral structure is prepared by using a melting extrusion forming method; Step four, sealing assembly, the nickel tube (2) is sleeved on the ceramic tube (5) from the top, and then the nickel cylinder body (1) is sleeved on the outer side of the ceramic tube (5) to complete the assembly; Step five, sealing vacuum treatment, the insulation sealing glue is injected into the setting mold, the remaining material is removed after the insulation sealing glue is solidified and sealed, the nickel cylinder body (1) is immediately welded after the top end of the nickel cylinder body (1) is bored and vacuumized, and a certain vacuum state is formed in the inside to obtain a storage body; Step six, wire threading and welding treatment, the tungsten-rhenium wire (8) is inserted into one end of the ceramic tube (5) and then led out from the other end of the ceramic tube (5), the tungsten-rhenium wire (8) close to the nickel cylinder body (1) is welded to the outer side wall of the nickel cylinder body (1), and finally the connecting guide chute (9) is welded to the top end of the nickel cylinder body (1) to obtain a complete storage device.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein: The nickel cylinder body (1) and the inner and outer surfaces of the nickel tube (2) need to be polished after the pouring forming in step one, and then the milling machine is used to process the flatness of the insulating sealing ceramic glue (7) positioned adaptive step groove, and then the hole cleaning treatment is carried out. During the cleaning treatment, the oil removing agent is used for cleaning, then the water is used for washing, and then drying. In step two, all the through holes (3) on the nickel tube (2) need to be kept through when the hydrogen absorption coating (4) is coated.

7. The method of claim 5, wherein: The insulating sealing ceramic glue (7) shaping mold in step four includes a base body (10), a positioning installation groove (11), a positioning column (12), a positioning groove (13) and a plug-in hole (14). The positioning installation groove (11) is arranged above the base body (10). The positioning column (12) is annularly distributed in the positioning installation groove (11). The positioning groove (13) is annularly distributed at the bottom of the nickel tube (2). The plug-in hole (14) is arranged in the positioning installation groove (11).

8. The method of claim 7, wherein: The plug-in hole (14) is provided with two groups, and the two groups of plug-in holes (14) correspond to the interval distance of the two ports of the ceramic tube (5). The positioning column (12) corresponds to the positioning groove (13) below the nickel tube (2). The positioning installation groove (11) is provided with a glue injection groove (15) on the side surface. The glue injection groove (15) is communicated with the positioning installation groove (11).

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