401 results about "Hydrogen permeation" patented technology

A method of forming an oxide glass including heating a glass melt having a β_—OH concentration of at least about 0.35 in a vessel comprising a metal selected from the group consisting of platinum, molybdenum, palladium, rhodium, and alloys thereof, there being an interface present between the vessel and the glass, and controlling a partial pressure of hydrogen in an atmosphere in contact with an outside surface of the vessel in an amount such that hydrogen permeation blisters form in a region of the glass adjacent the glass-vessel interface.

The present invention provides a hydrogen production method capable of producing hydrogen with good efficiency while solving problems such as separation, lower-temperature reaction and heat supply in production of hydrogen by dehydrogenation reaction of raw material oil. Within a reaction tube of a double-tube structure comprising an inner tube composed of a hydrogen separating membrane, a metallic outer tube having a plurality of internal fins, and a metal oxide layer and further a catalyst supported on the fins, hydrocarbon having cyclohexane ring is dehydrogenated to produce hydrogen and aromatic hydrocarbon, and selective membrane separating operation of hydrogen is performed within the reaction system while conducting the dehydrogenation to remove mainly the hydrogen on a permeating side and obtain mainly the aromatic hydrocarbon on a non-permeating side. The other method comprises absorbing at least part of the resulting hydrogen flow to a hydrogen absorbing (storing) alloy to make the pressure on the hydrogen permeating side of the hydrogen separating membrane lower than that on the non-permeating side.

The invention provides a steel-based hydrogen permeation-resistant composite coating and a preparation method for the same. The hydrogen permeation-resistant composite coating is composed of a thermally-grown oxide coating on a steel surface, and a compact aluminium oxide coating on the thermally-grown oxide coating, wherein the thermally-grown oxide coating is obtained by performing controlled oxidation treatment on a steel matrix at 700-1000 DEG C; the aluminium oxide hydrogen permeation-resistant coating is provided on the thermally-grown oxide coating which is provided by the steel matrix; and the high-temperature binding force and the thermal cycle performance of the aluminium oxide coating are improved by a thermally-grown oxide middle transition layer. The aluminium oxide coating prepared by the preparation method provided by the invention is compact in structure, strong in binding force, and excellent in hydrogen permeation resistance and thermal cycle use performance.

The invention provides a stress corrosion and hydrogen measuring electrochemical in-situ measurement device under a slow strain speed condition. The stress corrosion and hydrogen measuring electrochemical in-situ measurement device comprises an electrochemical work station, an auxiliary electrode, a working electrode, a reference electrode, a stretching test sample, a slow strain stretching machine, a computer, an isolation transformer, a corrosion device and a hydrogen measuring device. The stress corrosion and hydrogen measuring electrochemical in-situ measurement device has the effects that an electrochemical in-situ test can be carried out on stress corrosion and hydrogen permeation respectively under the slow strain speed condition through replacing a corrosion electrolytic tank; the device has the characteristics of adjustable test sample size, in-situ electrochemical measurement, accurate load-displacement readings, simple structure, convenience and flexibility in utilization, simplicity in operation and the like. The device can be used for simultaneously realizing in-situ electrochemical behavior detection of pull stress, corrosive liquid, corrosive gas and temperatures, and can be widely applied to researches of strain speeds, the pull stress, types and concentrations of corrosive media, pH values, temperatures, corrosive gas partial pressure and concentration and influences on corrosion of metal materials by hydrogen brittleness, and a damage evolution rule of materials can be analyzed through electrochemical data.

The invention relates to a device and method for researching the metallic hydrogen permeation behavior, in particular to a device and method for researching the hydrogen permeation behavior of metal subjected to dead-load pulling stress in a gaseous medium, and the device and method are used for researching the interactive influence of pulling stress and a gaseous environment on the metallic hydrogen permeation behavior. The device comprises a heating device, a stretching device, an electrolytic bath and a liquid/gas storage bottle. The method comprises the steps of: nickel-plating a single side of a test piece to be tested, and fixing the test piece between a lower opening of an anode pool and an upper opening of an environmental pool, wherein the nickel-plated layer of the test piece faces the environmental pool; and providing dead-load pulling stress for the test piece by the stretching device. An experimental medium in the anode pool is a NaOH solution. An experimental solution inthe environmental pool forms a gaseous medium environment under the action of water bath. The device and method provided by the invention can be used for researching the hydrogen permeation behavior of a metallic material subjected to dead-load pulling stress in the gaseous medium, the control of the magnitude of the pulling stress and the environment and atmosphere can be realized, and the deficiency that the influence of a stressed state and the gaseous environment on the metallic hydrogen permeation behavior cannot be measured through the traditional electrolytic bath is made up.

The invention discloses a metal hydrogen permeation behavior research device and method, the device includes a mechanical loading system, an electrochemical measurement system, a temperature control system and a gas drive system. The loading system provides tensile stress to a specimen by a jack via a middle transfer component. A hydrogen permeation electrolysis pool, a negative pole pool and a positive pole pool are made of nickel base alloy so as to improve the bearing capacity and corrosion resistance, a sealing component is adopted to realize strict sealing between the electrolytic pool and the specimen. An electrolyte solution and a high pressure gas are introduced into the negative pole pool, and a high-voltage reference electrode and an auxiliary electrode are arranged to simulate the mechanical chemical service environment of a metal structure. The metal hydrogen permeation behavior research device can be used for study on hydrogen permeation behavior of a metal structure in high hydrostatic pressure effect deep sea environment and downhole drilling device high pressure environment under the action of tensilc stress-strain effect, and the defect that in the prior art the hydrogen permeation cell can't measure the impact of stress state on metal hydrogen permeation behavior in high pressure environment can be compensated, and by introduction of the temperature control system and the gas drive system, the medium stability can be maintained, and the testing precision is increased.

The invention discloses a high temperature and high pressure corrosion hydrogen permeation kinetic test device and a test method of the device. When the device is used for carrying out fatigue limit measurement, step type fatigue load is applied to material from small to large under the given corrosion condition after hydrogen permeability current is stable; when the hydrogen permeability current is increased along with the increment of the load, the load is proved to cause dislocation movement in the material, so that the load is the fatigue limit of the material in the environment. After the device and the method are adopted, the quantitative relation between a fatigue load state and hydrogen permeation quantity can be measured in situ in an online way in the high pressure hydrogen sulfide corrosion environment, the internal relation between stress and segregation diffusion of hydrogen can be visually expressed, and the characteristics of the mutual relation of multiple data can be established.

The invention provides an experimental device for hydrogen permeation behaviors of local areas of metal. The experimental device comprises a micro-electrolytic tank and a corrosion environment simulating groove, wherein one face of a working test sample is a detection area and the other face of the working test sample is a corrosion area; one end of the micro-electrolytic tank is contacted with a testing area of the working test sample; the corrosion area of the working test sample is contacted with a corrosion medium in the corrosion environment simulating groove; a three-electrode system is composed of a counter electrode, a reference electrode and the working test sample in the micro-electrolytic tank; the counter electrode, the reference electrode and the working test sample are connected with a counter electrode port, a reference electrode port and a working electrode port of an electrochemical work station by leads respectively; the electrochemical work station is connected with a computer by a data line. The invention provides the experimental device for researching the hydrogen permeation behaviors of the local areas of a metal material in a simulated stress corrosion environment and a testing range can reach a micron grade; the experimental device can be applied to the researches on the hydrogen permeation behaviors of specific narrow areas including a stress concentration area, a crack tip area, a welding line area and the like.

A multi-phase mixed protonic/electronic conducting material comprising a proton-conducting ceramic phase and an electron conductive ceramic phase. Under the presence of a partial pressure gradient of hydrogen across the membrane, a membrane fabricated with this material selectively transports hydrogen ions through the protonically conductive ceramic phase and electrons through the electronically conducting ceramic phase, which results in ultrahigh purity hydrogen permeation through the membrane. The material has a high electronic conductivity and hydrogen gas transport is rate-limited by the protonic conductivity of the material.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a hydrogen permeation preventing coating by aluminizing by adopting room temperature fused salt, comprising the following steps of: firstly, carrying out surface treatment of degreasing and oxidation film removing on strain steel matrix with a conventional method; secondly, aluminizing by adopting room temperature fused salt, wherein the room temperature fused salt for aluminizing is a system formed by AlCl3 and organic salt, the organic salt is one of alkyl pyridine halide, alkyl imidazole halide and alkaryl chloration ammonium salt, the mole ratio of the AlCl3 to the organic salt is larger than 1.0 and smaller than or equal to 2.0, the technical parameter for aluminizing by adopting room temperature fused salt is as follows: an aluminum wire as the anode has the temperature of 25-60 DEG C and the current density of 5-30mA/cm<2>, and the plating time is 30-200min; and thirdly, heat treatment to obtain an Fe-Al alloy layer, wherein the technical parameter for heat treatment is as follows: the temperature is 670-750 DEG C, and the time is 30min to 24h; fourthly, oxidation, wherein the technical parameter for oxidation is as follows: the temperature is 670-1050 DEG C, the time is 1-200h, and the oxygen partial pressure is 1.0*10-2 Pa to 2.1*104 Pa. The invention is suitable for preparing tritium permeation preventing coatings on surfaces of special-shaped pieces such as the inner wall of a pipeline, and the like, is suitable for the requirement of large-scale industrialized production, and has a self-healing function.

The invention relates to a full-ferrite enamel steel for a heat exchanger. The full-ferrite enamel steel comprises the following chemical components in percentages by weight: less than or equal to 0.0050% of C, 0.10-0.50% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.010% of Si, less than or equal to 0.020% of P, 0.015-0.045% of S, less than or equal to 0.010% of Als, 0.010-0.055% of Nb, less than or equal to 0.0030% of B and 0.010-0.050% of O; the production method comprises the following steps of pretreating molten iron, smelting, refining and continuously casting by virtue of a converter; heating the cast blank; carrying out hot rolling; coiling and acid pickling; carrying out cold rolling; annealing; finishing for later use. The microstructure of the enamel steel disclosed by the invention is full ferrite, the grain size of ferrite reaches Grade 11, the main inclusions are long-wire-shaped MnS and granular Mn/Nb composite oxides, the precipitated phases are fine NbC/N and BN particles, Rel is 180-240MPa, the tensile strength is 280-360MPa, the elongation is 36-46%, the hydrogen permeation time of the steel plate is equal to or greater than 25min/mm<2>, no scute burst is caused after enamelling, enamel adhesion strength is greater than A1 level and the pinhole rate is less than 10/m<2>.

The invention discloses a high temperature and high pressure corrosion hydrogen permeation testing device and method. When fatigue limit is measured, after hydrogen permeation current is stabilized under the given corrosion condition, step type fatigue loads are applied to a test sample material from a smaller one to a larger one, and when the hydrogen permeation current is increased along with increase of the load, dislocation movement inside the test sample material is caused by the load, and the load is considered as the fatigue limit of the test sample material in the environment. The device and the method disclosed by the invention have the characteristics that a quantitative relation between the fatigue load state and the hydrogen permeation amount can be measured in situ on line in a high-pressure carbon dioxide corrosion state, the internal relation between the stress and segregation diffusion of hydrogen can be intuitively reflected, and a mutual relation among multiple data is established.

A silicon-based hydrogen pressure sensor module incorporates a low temperature cofired ceramic (LTCC) substrate that shields the cavity formed by the silicon membrane and cell body from hydrogen permeation. A bossed container filled with an oil material is mounted on the substrate and houses a sensor cell. The oil material may be impregnated with a hydrogen getter material.

The invention relates to a Cr2O3 and Al2O3 complex gradient hydrogen resistant coating and a preparation method and an application thereof. The complex coating is composed of Cr2O3 and Al2O3, and coats stainless steel. The complex coating is prepared by a metal-organic chemical vapor deposition method. By recurrent deposition of aluminium oxide and chromium oxide coatings, a multilayered Cr2O3 and Al2O3 complex gradient hydrogen resistant coating of 0.1-20 microns thick is obtained. The hydrogen resistant coating can be used in hydrogen permeation resistance of a stainless steel structural component. The hydrogen resistant coating has high bonding strength with a matrix; the preparation technology is simple and cost is low; and hydrogen resistance can be enhanced by more than 100 times.

The method for manufacturing a hydrogen permeation barrier comprises the steps of

• a) depositing on a substrate (SUB) a layer system (LS) comprising at least one layer (L1,L2,L3);

characterized in that step a) comprises the step of

b) depositing at least one hydrogen barrier layer (HPBL) comprising an at least ternary oxide.

The apparatus comprises a sealable volume and a wall forming at least a portion of a boundary limiting said volume, wherein said wall comprises a hydrogen permeation barrier comprising a layer system (LS) comprising at least one layer, wherein said layer system comprises at least one hydrogen barrier layer (HPBL) comprising an at least ternary oxide.

Preferably, said at least ternary oxide is substantially composed of Al, Cr and O, and said depositing said at least one hydrogen barrier layer (HPBL) is carried out using a physical vapor deposition method, in particular a cathodic arc evaporation method.

Preferably, step a) comprises depositing on said substrate at least one of: an adhesion layer (AdhL), a hydrogen storage layer (HStL), a protective layer (ProtL), in particular a thermal barrier layer (ThBL), a diffusion barrier layer (DBL), an oxidation barrier layer (OxBL), a chemical barrier layer (ChBL), a wear resistance layer (WRL).

Excellent hydrogen permeation barrier properties can be achieved, and the layer system can be tailored as required by an envisaged application.

An ion pump that generates a stream of unbalanced aqueous anions that transit from a cathode surface to a region adjacent to an anode surface. The ion pump works in conjunction with an ultrasound generator that produces standing waves having the intensity to dehydrogenate liquid hydrocarbons at the catalytic anode surface. Current density of the ion pump and frequency of the ultrasound transducer are synchronized according to the rate hydrogen permeates through a membrane. An electrochemical engine uses ion pumps and ultrasound generators to convert liquid hydrocarbon fuel to useful work while recovering hydrogen-depleted carbon from the fuel for recycling, including production of renewable fuel. When carbon is recovered, carbon dioxide is not produced. Tensile stress applied to the ion-pump membranes by rotation, high-frequency pressure waves, and radial acceleration of the interstitial hydrogen are applied in a collective manner that facilitates hydrogen permeation through the ion pump membranes.

The invention relates to a device and a method for research on hydrogen permeation of metal, in particular to a device and a method for research on hydrogen permeation of metal in acidic atmospheric medium with an adjustable pH value. The device comprises an environmental tank, an anode tank and a liquid storage bottle. A specimen to be tested is fixed at an opening at the bottom of the anode tank, and electrolyte in the anode tank adopts NaOH solution. Acidic solution in the environmental tank can form an acidic atmospheric medium environment under a water bath. Three electrodes are connected with corresponding ports of an electrochemical working system through wires. By adopting the device and the method, the hydrogen permeation current of metal materials in the acidic atmospheric medium can be measured, gas-phase components can be controlled, and the relevant defects of the conventional double electrolytic tanks for electrochemical hydrogen permeation can be overcome.

The invention relates to an efficient hydrogen permeation membrane used for hydrogen separation and purification-a chemical plating preparation method of multi-channel-typed palladium composite membrane. Wrapping the lateral of a vector with plastic or rubber material; then arranging bath in the channel of the vector; adding reducing agent into the bath; and stirring the bath with the method of gas bubbling. The invention has simple operation, effectively realizes the even growing of the membrane layers and ensures the compactness and adhesion of the palladium membrane. Coating can be conducted at room temperature, which reduces the exhaust of poisonous gas.

The invention relates to a metal surface treatment coating and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a double-component gradient hydrogen permeation barrier coating and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the steps of polishing the surface of a steel substrate and cleaning the steel substrate, as well as preparing a Cr coating, preparing a Cr-O component gradient coating, preparing a Cr-Al-O component gradient coating, preparing an Al-O component gradient coating, preparing an Al2O3 coating and annealing the coating. The double-component gradient hydrogen permeation barrier coating is a double-component gradient (Cr, Al) O hydrogen permeation barrier coating, an increased component gradient sub-layer plays the role of a transition layer, and two interfaces between the transition layer and the coating and between the transition layer and steel are enhanced, so the bonding performance of the Al2O3 coating and the gradient coating is more excellent; and due to continuous change of components of the coating in double-component gradient design, the residual stress of the coating is relatively low, the thermal shock performance of the coating is quite excellent, mechanical failure is avoided, and the hydrogen permeation barrier performance of the coating is better.