A smoke extraction and purification device and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a smoke extraction and purification device and method, comprising: an extraction section, a dust removal section, a purification section, and an exhaust section connected in sequence, wherein the purification section comprises a gas filtration stage, a first activated carbon filtration stage, a second activated carbon filtration stage, a photo-oxygen gas catalytic stage, and a protection stage arranged in sequence; the protection stage is a low-temperature plasma processor, and chemically active particles are provided within the low-temperature plasma protector. The purification section adopts a multi-stage purification structure, and the gas after multi-stage purification and dust removal is purified and discharged. The purification section also uses low-temperature plasma waste gas treatment technology, ensuring that the gas in the exhaust section meets national regulations and achieves the effects of dust removal and smoke purification, which has wide promotion value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of smoke exhaust and purification, and in particular to a smoke exhaust and purification device and method. Background Art

[0002] Every year, the Commodity Inspection Center inspects over 6,000 sets of various materials. During routine testing and sample preparation, non-metallic polymer materials such as gas pipes, rubber hoses, belts, cables, and steel wire ropes impregnated with rust-proof grease, subjected to the high-speed rotation and repeated friction of abrasive cutting machines, instantly emit large amounts of smoke and other toxic and harmful gases. As Liu Zhihui noted in his article "Renovation of Diesel Fume Pollution Control in Workshops" in Volume 37, Issue 6 of Hunan Nonferrous Metals, common fume extraction and purification systems use mixed ventilation to dilute the dust concentration and discharge some of the dust outdoors. However, this exhaust is ineffective, especially in areas where workers operate, where dust concentrations often far exceed permitted limits. This is particularly severe when working in enclosed and semi-open equipment. Although inspectors at the Commodity Inspection Center are equipped with dust masks and protective glasses as required, these toxic and harmful gases and dust still pose a significant health risk to operators and other on-site staff, while also causing severe pollution to the surrounding air.

[0003] In view of the environmental protection and occupational health issues in the above-mentioned testing work, we designed and trial-produced a set of smoke extraction and purification equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a smoke extraction and purification device and method. On the basis of the original mixed ventilation structure, a dust removal part and a purification part are added. While efficiently removing smoke and dust, the gas after dust removal is purified in multiple stages to achieve purified gas emission. The purification part adopts low-temperature plasma waste gas treatment technology to ensure that the gas in the exhaust part meets national regulations and achieves the effect of dust removal and smoke purification, which has broad promotion value.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts a smoke extraction and purification device, comprising: an exhaust part, a dust removal part, a purification part and an exhaust part connected in sequence, wherein:

[0006] The purification part includes a gas filtration stage, a first activated carbon filtration stage, a second activated carbon filtration stage, a photo-oxygen gas catalysis stage and a protection stage arranged in sequence;

[0007] The above protection level is a low-temperature plasma processor and the low-temperature plasma protector is provided with chemically active particles inside.

[0008] The above-mentioned purification part adopts a multi-stage purification structure. After multi-stage purification and dust removal, the gas is purified and discharged. In addition, the purification part adopts low-temperature plasma waste gas treatment technology to make the gas in the exhaust part meet the national regulations and achieve the effect of dust removal and flue gas purification, which has wide promotion value.

[0009] As a further optimization of the above scheme, the dust removal part: a filter assembly is provided inside the dust removal part, and a sedimentation tank is provided below the filter assembly. The bottom surface of the sedimentation tank is triangular and a water seal valve is designed at the bottom end. During normal operation, the lower part of the sedimentation tank is in a water seal state, and the water seal valve is always closed to ensure normal extraction of smoke and dust. At least two floating spray parts floating on the water surface of the sedimentation tank are provided above the sedimentation tank. The floating spray parts include an upper shell and a bottom shell of a combined structure. The diameter of the upper shell is larger than the diameter of the bottom shell, and an annular cavity is formed between the top and bottom surfaces of the upper shell. A spray head with a spray port inclined outward is provided in the annular cavity, and a water pump connecting the sedimentation tank and the spray head is provided below the bottom shell.

[0010] By designing the spray parts on the sedimentation tank, it is possible to facilitate the recycling of water in the sedimentation tank without installing a water circulation structure. At the same time, the water in the sedimentation tank is changed from stagnant water to living water, thereby effectively saving water resources and enhancing wastewater utilization. In this process, the water mist formed by the floating spray parts combines with the dust in the flue gas to achieve spray dust removal. At the same time, these water mists can wash away the dust on the filter components.

[0011] As a further optimization of the above scheme, a pressurized structure is provided inside the above-mentioned sprinkler head, which includes a plurality of staggered hemispheres arranged at the water inlet of the sprinkler head. The water flow is pressurized in the process of passing through the tortuous channel formed by these hemispheres, so that the pressurized water flow is sprayed out and forms water mist.

[0012] As a further optimization of the above scheme, a water-proof cavity is provided inside the bottom shell, and the water pump is arranged in the water-proof cavity. A power supply is also arranged in the water-proof cavity, and the power supply is electrically connected to the water pump. The water pump is provided with two exposed motor contacts for controlling the start and stop of the water pump. The two exposed motor contacts are respectively a cathode contact and an anode contact, so that the anode contact and the cathode contact form an automatic switch. When the floating spray component is in water, the cathode contact and the anode contact are connected through water and electricity, so the water pump is powered and works. When the floating spray component moves out of the water, the cathode contact and the anode contact are disconnected due to the loss of the conductive medium, so that the power supply path of the water pump is disconnected and the water pump automatically stops working. Therefore, through the cathode contact and the anode contact, the water pump can automatically start or stop, which is convenient to use and saves energy.

[0013] As a further optimization of the above scheme, a supply water tank is provided on the side of the sedimentation tank, which is connected to the sedimentation tank and replenishes water for the sedimentation tank. The supply water tank and the sedimentation tank form a communicating vessel and a supply water pipe is arranged above the supply water tank, so that there is no need to install a valve between the supply water tank and the sedimentation tank. The water level in the sedimentation tank can be conveniently controlled by controlling the water level in the supply water tank.

[0014] As a further optimization of the above scheme, the above-mentioned filter assembly includes a rotating shaft rotatably arranged between the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe of the dust removal part, and the number of threaded sections is two and they are respectively placed at both ends of the above-mentioned rotating shaft, and the threaded section is provided with a nut seat that moves linearly along the threaded section, and a filter plate is fixedly connected to the nut seat, and the horizontal projections of the above-mentioned air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe are both located on the plate body of the filter plate, and a smooth section is provided at the place where the above-mentioned rotating shaft is adjacent to the threaded section, and a rotating plate is provided on the smooth section, and the rotating plate rotates with the above-mentioned rotating shaft, and brushes are provided on both side end faces of the rotating plate and the brushes are located on the travel path of the above-mentioned filter plate, so as to realize baffle-type filtration while the residue in the mesh of the filter plate can be brushed away by the brush during the movement of the filter plate.

[0015] A smoke extraction and purification method adopts a smoke extraction and purification device described in any of the above technical solutions to purify smoke.

[0016] The smoke extraction and purification device and method of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The smoke exhaust purification device of the present invention adopts a multi-stage purification structure in the purification part of the device. The gas after multi-stage purification and dust removal is purified and discharged. The purification part adopts low-temperature plasma waste gas treatment technology, so that the gas in the exhaust part meets the national regulations and achieves the effect of dust removal and smoke purification, which has wide promotion value.

[0018] 2. A smoke dust extraction and purification device of the present invention has a dust removal part. By designing the spray piece on the sedimentation tank, it is easy to realize the recycling of water in the sedimentation tank. There is no need to install a water circulation structure. At the same time, the water in the sedimentation tank is changed from stagnant water to running water, thereby effectively saving water resources and enhancing wastewater utilization. In this process, the water mist formed by the floating spray piece combines with the dust in the flue gas to realize spray dust removal. At the same time, the water mist can wash away the dust on the filter component.

[0019] 3. The smoke and dust extraction and purification device and method of the present invention include two exposed motor contacts on the water pump to control the start and stop of the water pump. These two exposed motor contacts are respectively a cathode contact and an anode contact, so that the anode contact and the cathode contact form an automatic switch. When the floating spray element is in water, the cathode contact and the anode contact are connected via water and electricity, so that the water pump is powered and operates. When the floating spray element is removed from the water surface, the cathode contact and the anode contact are disconnected due to the loss of the conductive medium, thus disconnecting the power supply path of the water pump and automatically stopping the water pump. Therefore, the water pump can be automatically started and stopped by the cathode contact and the anode contact, which is convenient to use and saves energy.

[0020] 4. A smoke extraction and purification device and method of the present invention designs the above-mentioned filter assembly to have a filter plate that moves linearly along the threaded section and a brush located on the travel path of the above-mentioned filter plate, so as to realize baffle-type filtration. At the same time, during the movement of the filter plate, the brush can be used to brush off the residue in the filter plate mesh.

[0021] With reference to the following description and drawings, specific embodiments of the present invention are disclosed in detail, indicating how the principles of the present invention can be adopted. It should be understood that the scope of the embodiments of the present invention is not limited thereby, and the embodiments of the present invention include many changes, modifications and equivalents. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a smoke extraction and purification device;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the dust removal part of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the sedimentation tank in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the floating spray element in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the water pump in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the hemisphere in the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: 1. Exhaust part; 2. Dust removal part; 3. Purification part; 4. Exhaust part; 5. Floating spray part; 6. Sprinkler head; 7. Supply water tank; 8. Rotating shaft; 21. Filter assembly; 22. Sedimentation tank; 31. Gas filtration stage; 32. First activated carbon filtration stage; 33. Second activated carbon filtration stage; 34. Photo-oxidation gas catalytic stage; 35. Protection stage; 51. Upper shell; 52. Bottom shell; 61. Hemisphere; 71. Supply water pipe; 81. Threaded section; 82. Nut seat; 83. Filter plate; 84. Smooth section; 85. Rotating plate; 86. Brush; 211. Water seal valve; 511. Annular cavity; 521. Water pump; 522. Power supply; 523. Exposed motor contacts. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. However, it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0030] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on, provided with" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may also be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected, connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. "Fixed connection" means a fixed connection. There are many ways of fixed connection, which are not within the scope of protection of this article. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in this article are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation method.

[0031] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs. The terms used in the specification are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0032] The following will refer to the instructions attached Figure 1-6 , the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.

[0033] Please refer to the instruction manual Figure 1 A smoke extraction and purification device in embodiment 1 of the present invention comprises: an extraction portion 1 for absorbing smoke in a workplace, a dust removal portion 2 for removing dust from the smoke, a purification portion 3 for purifying the exhaust gas, and an exhaust portion 4 for the exhaust gas, which are connected in sequence, wherein:

[0034] The exhaust part 1 in this embodiment uses a 11KW centrifugal exhaust fan, the specific model can be a working voltage of 380V, a power of 11KW, and an air volume of 15869-22456m 3 / h, wind pressure 1168-1574Pa, working temperature 60℃, spindle speed 1450r / min.

[0035] The dust removal part is not improved in Example 1, and there are many optional methods, such as a vertical tower spray structure, which has a tower structure. The flue gas rises vertically along the tower structure, and a multi-stage spray structure is arranged in sequence along the plumb direction, and the dust in the flue gas is sprayed and discharged downwards through the multi-stage spray.

[0036] Purification section 3. In embodiment 1, the present invention mainly improves the purification section. In embodiment 1, the purification section includes a first activated carbon filter stage 32, a second activated carbon filter stage 33, a photo-oxygen gas catalytic stage 34, and a protection stage 35 arranged in sequence.

[0037] or gas filtration stage 31, first activated carbon filtration stage 32, second activated carbon filtration stage 33, photo-oxygen gas catalytic stage 34 and protection stage 35;

[0038] The gas filtration stage 31 is for dust filtration, for example, an electrostatic dust removal structure. Of course, the gas filtration stage 31 may not be set up.

[0039] The first activated carbon filter stage 32 and the second activated carbon filter stage 33 are made of 304 high-quality stainless steel in Example 1, so they have the advantages of safe and stable performance, corrosion resistance, durability, simple operation, strong adaptability, ability to withstand pressure of 0.1 to 0.6 MPa, no liquid leakage, large filtration area, small size, small occupied area and small space.

[0040] The photo-oxidation gas catalytic stage 34, for example, uses UV ultraviolet light beams and ozone treatment gas, so that the malodorous gas does not need special pretreatment, such as heating and humidification. The equipment can operate normally in an operating environment temperature between -30° and 95°C and a humidity between 40% and 98%. It has the advantage of being adaptable to high concentrations and can deodorize and purify different malodorous gas substances. It can work continuously 24 hours a day with stable and reliable operation. The above-mentioned photo-oxidation gas catalytic stage 34 does not have any mechanical movement or noise, and does not require special management and daily maintenance. Only regular inspections are required. This equipment has low energy consumption and low wind resistance, which can save a lot of exhaust power energy consumption.

[0041] The aforementioned protection level 35 is a low-temperature plasma processor, which contains chemically active particles. Operating at a voltage below 36 volts, the plasma generates highly active particles, such as electrons, ions, free radicals, and excited molecules. Pollutants in the exhaust gas react with these high-energy active groups, ultimately converting them into substances such as CO2 and H2O. This effectively removes major pollutants such as volatile organic compounds, inorganic substances, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, and mercaptans, as well as various malodors. The deodorization efficiency can reach over 98%, quickly eliminating long-standing and accumulated odors and odors. The device also has a strong ability to kill bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms in the air, and exhibits significant mildew resistance, thereby purifying the exhaust gas.

[0042] In addition, low-temperature plasma waste gas treatment is a dry purification process, which is a brand-new purification process. No additives are required during operation, no wastewater or waste residue is generated, and no secondary pollution is caused. At the same time, low operating costs and power saving are the main features of low-temperature plasma waste gas treatment technology. It consumes only 0.25 degrees of electricity to treat 1000m3 / h of odor.

[0043] To sum up, the purification part in Example 1 adopts a multi-stage purification structure, and the gas after multi-stage purification and dust removal is purified and discharged. In addition, the purification part adopts low-temperature plasma waste gas treatment technology, so that the gas in the exhaust part meets the national regulations and achieves the effect of dust removal and flue gas purification, which has wide promotion value.

[0044] Please refer to the instruction manual Figure 2-6 In Example 2 of the present invention, a smoke exhaust purification device is improved with respect to the dust removal part 2. Except for the dust removal part 2, the structure of the remaining parts of Example 2 is the same as that of Example 1. The following describes the improved dust removal part 2:

[0045] Dust removal part 2: The dust removal part 2 is a horizontal cylindrical structure, which is different from the upward movement of the flue gas in the dust removal part 2 in Example 1. In Example 2, the flue gas in the dust removal part 2 moves horizontally. A filter component 21 is provided inside the dust removal part 2 in this Example 2, and a sedimentation tank 22 is provided below the filter component 21. The bottom surface of the above-mentioned sedimentation tank 22 is triangular and a water seal valve 211 is designed at the bottom end. During normal operation, the lower part of the sedimentation tank 22 is in a water seal state, and the water seal valve 211 is always closed to ensure normal extraction and discharge of smoke. During the ventilation process, the water seal valve 211 is opened, the water seal is released, and the waste water sprayed down is directly discharged into the sedimentation tank 22 for sedimentation. The settled water can be reused under the action of the floating spray part 5.

[0046] At least two floating spray parts 5 floating on the water surface of the sedimentation tank 22 are provided above the sedimentation tank 22. The floating spray parts 5 include an upper shell 51 and a bottom shell 52 of a combined structure. The diameter of the upper shell 51 is larger than the diameter of the bottom shell 52. An annular cavity 511 is formed between the top and bottom surfaces of the upper shell 51. A spray head 6 with a spray port inclined outward is provided in the annular cavity 511. A water pump 521 connecting the sedimentation tank 22 and the spray head 6 is provided below the bottom shell 52. A water-proof cavity is provided inside the bottom shell 52. The water pump 521 is arranged in the water-proof cavity, and a power supply 522 is also arranged in the water-proof cavity. The power supply 522 is electrically connected to the water pump 521.

[0047] The water pump 521 is equipped with two exposed motor contacts 523 for controlling the start and stop of the water pump 521. The two exposed motor contacts 523 are respectively a cathode contact and an anode contact, so that the anode contact and the cathode contact form an automatic switch. When the floating spray element 5 is in water, the cathode contact and the anode contact are connected via water and electricity, so that the water pump 521 is powered and operates. When the floating spray element 5 is removed from the water surface, the cathode contact and the anode contact are disconnected due to the loss of the conductive medium, and the power supply path of the water pump 521 is disconnected, and the water pump 521 automatically stops operating. Therefore, the cathode contact and the anode contact can automatically start and stop the water pump 521, which is convenient to use and saves energy.

[0048] As for the above-mentioned sprinkler head, a pressurizing structure is provided inside the sprinkler head 6 , and the pressurizing structure includes a plurality of staggered hemispherical bodies 61 provided at the water inlet of the sprinkler head 6 .

[0049] A supply water tank 7 is provided on the side of the sedimentation tank 22, which is connected to the sedimentation tank 22 and replenishes water for the sedimentation tank 22. The supply water tank 7 and the sedimentation tank 22 form a communicating vessel and a supply water pipe 71 is arranged above the supply water tank 7. Therefore, there is no need to install a valve between the supply water tank 7 and the sedimentation tank 22. The water level in the sedimentation tank 22 can be conveniently controlled by controlling the water level in the supply water tank 7.

[0050] Furthermore, for the filter assembly, the above-mentioned filter assembly 21 includes a rotating shaft 8 rotatably arranged between the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe of the dust removal part 2. The power source of the rotating shaft 8 is a motor. There are two threaded sections 81 and they are respectively placed at both ends of the above-mentioned rotating shaft 8. The threaded section 81 is provided with a nut seat 82 that moves linearly along the threaded section 81. A filter plate 83 is fixed to the nut seat 82. The horizontal projections of the above-mentioned air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe are both located on the plate body of the filter plate 83. A smooth section 84 is provided at the place where the above-mentioned rotating shaft 8 is adjacent to the threaded section. A rotating plate 85 is provided on the smooth section 84. The rotating plate 85 rotates with the above-mentioned rotating shaft 8. Brushes 86 are provided on both side end faces of the rotating plate 85 and the brushes 86 are located on the travel path of the above-mentioned filter plate 83.

[0051] To sum up, the dust removal part 2 in Example 2 can facilitate the recycling of water in the sedimentation tank 22 by designing the floating spray part 5 on the sedimentation tank 22. There is no need to install a water circulation structure, and the water in the sedimentation tank 22 is changed from stagnant water to running water, thereby effectively saving water resources and enhancing wastewater utilization. In this process, the water mist formed by the floating spray part 5 combines with the dust in the flue gas to realize spray dust removal. At the same time, these water mists can wash away the dust on the filter component.

[0052] Embodiment 3 of the present invention is a smoke extraction and purification method, which uses a smoke extraction and purification device described in any of the above technical solutions to purify smoke.

[0053] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smoke extraction and purification device, characterized in that: include: The ventilation part (1), the dust removal part (2), the purification part (3) and the exhaust part (4) are connected in sequence, wherein: The purification part (3) includes a gas filtration stage (31), a first activated carbon filtration stage (32), a second activated carbon filtration stage (33), a photo-oxygen gas catalytic stage (34) and a protection stage (35) arranged in sequence; The above-mentioned protection level (35) is a low-temperature plasma processor and the low-temperature plasma protector is provided with chemically active particles inside; Dust removal part (2): A filter assembly (21) is provided inside the dust removal part (2), a sedimentation tank (22) is provided below the filter assembly (21), at least two floating spraying parts (5) floating on the water surface of the sedimentation tank (22) are provided above the sedimentation tank (22), the floating spraying parts (5) comprising an upper shell (51) and a bottom shell (52) of a combined structure, the diameter of the upper shell (51) being larger than the diameter of the bottom shell (52), an annular cavity (511) being formed between the top surface and the bottom surface of the upper shell (51), a spraying head (6) with a spraying port tilted outward being provided in the annular cavity (511), and a water pump (521) communicating with the sedimentation tank (22) and the spraying head (6) being provided below the bottom shell (52); A pressurizing structure is provided inside the above-mentioned spray head (6), and the pressurizing structure comprises a plurality of staggered hemispherical bodies (61) provided at the water inlet of the spray head (6); A water-isolating cavity is provided inside the bottom shell (52), a water pump (521) is arranged in the water-isolating cavity, and a power supply (522) is also arranged in the water-isolating cavity, and the power supply (522) is electrically connected to the water pump (521); The filter assembly (21) includes a rotating shaft (8) rotatably arranged between the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe of the dust removal part (2), the number of threaded sections (81) is two and they are respectively arranged at both ends of the rotating shaft (8), the threaded section (81) is provided with a nut seat (82) that moves linearly along the threaded section (81), the nut seat (82) is fixedly connected to the filter plate (83), and the horizontal projections of the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe are both located on the plate body of the filter plate (83); A smooth section (84) is provided at a position adjacent to the threaded section of the rotating shaft (8), and a rotating plate (85) is provided on the smooth section (84). The rotating plate (85) rotates along with the rotating shaft (8). Brushes (86) are provided on both side end surfaces of the rotating plate (85), and the brushes (86) are located on the travel path of the filter plate (83).

2. The smoke extraction and purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water pump (521) is provided with two exposed motor contacts (523) for controlling the start and stop of the water pump (521), and the two exposed motor contacts (523) are respectively a cathode contact and an anode contact.

3. The smoke extraction and purification device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A supply water tank (7) is provided on the side of the sedimentation tank (22) and is connected to the sedimentation tank (22) and supplies water to the sedimentation tank (22). The supply water tank (7) and the sedimentation tank (22) form a communicating vessel, and a supply water pipe (71) is arranged above the supply water tank (7).

4. The smoke extraction and purification device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the sedimentation tank (22) is triangular and a water seal valve (211) is designed at the bottom end.

5. A smoke extraction and purification method, characterized by: A smoke exhaust purification device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is used to purify smoke.

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