A blasting vibration wave layered barrier structure for reducing the hazards of blasting vibration

Abstract

The present invention discloses a blasting vibration wave layered barrier structure for reducing the hazards of blasting vibration, which is composed of a waterproof and anti-corrosion layer (1), a flexible energy dissipation layer (2), a hollow microsphere discrete layer (3), and an airbag layer (4) in combination: the waterproof and anti-corrosion layer (1) is a box-shaped structure with a closed bottom and perimeter and an open top, and the flexible energy dissipation layer (2), the hollow microsphere discrete layer (3), and the airbag layer (4) are sequentially arranged in the waterproof and anti-corrosion layer (1). The flexible energy dissipation layer (2) is located on the blasting area side, the airbag layer (4) is located on the side of the protected object - building / structure (5), and the hollow microsphere discrete layer (3) is located between the flexible energy dissipation layer (2) and the airbag layer (4). Through the combined action of each layer, the present invention can achieve the purpose of filtering the blasting vibration wave layer by layer, weaken the energy and vibration amplitude of the blasting vibration wave, effectively reduce the propagation distance and hazards of the blasting vibration wave, and protect the safety of surrounding rock slopes, buildings (structures), etc. around the blasting area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of blasting vibration control, and in particular relates to a layered barrier structure for blasting vibration waves of rock and soil, which can be widely applied in engineering blasting fields such as open-pit mines, underground mines, and rock and soil blasting, and effectively reduce the harm of blasting vibration. Background Technique

[0002] Explosive blasting is currently recognized as the most economical and efficient means of rock fragmentation. However, explosive explosion is a "double-edged sword". While efficiently breaking rocks, it also generates blasting seismic waves that propagate outward, leading to the problem of controlling blasting vibration effects. This not only has a greater negative effect on the structural stability and safety of buildings and structures around the blasting area, but also easily causes instability and landslide accidents of open-pit slopes (especially high and steep slopes), posing a serious threat to the safety of production operators and equipment below the slope. Therefore, controlling the harm of blasting vibration is an important technical problem that urgently needs to be solved. How to weaken the harmful effects of blasting vibration from the perspective of controlling the propagation of blasting vibration waves is of great significance for protecting the safety of buildings and structures.

[0003] Currently, in terms of blasting vibration control, usually mainly from the perspective of the blast source (blasting area) to control the magnitude of blasting vibration, such as reducing the blasting charge and initiation scale, optimizing blasting parameters, selecting a reasonable delay interval and initiation network, etc., effectively reducing the harmful effects of blasting vibration. However, when the blasting vibration waves propagate outward, it inevitably has a greater impact on the protected objects on the propagation path of the vibration waves. For open-pit blasting, on the propagation path of the blasting vibration waves, the pre-splitting blasting method is mainly adopted to form a pre-split crack to reduce the propagation of the blasting vibration waves. However, for areas where rock mass fissures and water systems are developed, when water floods into the pre-split crack, the vibration reduction effect of the pre-split crack will be greatly reduced.

[0004] As is well known, the frequency of blasting vibration waves is rich and continuous, including all components of blasting vibration frequencies. Rock mass medium materials have a certain damping effect on blasting vibration waves. Therefore, on the propagation path of the blasting vibration waves, by taking effective barrier control technical means, vibration waves within a certain frequency range can be blocked, realizing the effective interception of the vibration waves, improving the filtering effect of the blasting vibration waves, and at the same time reducing the amplitude of the blasting vibration and the harm of the blasting vibration to the protected objects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a layered barrier structure for blasting vibration waves for reducing the harm of blasting vibration in order to block the propagation of vibration waves from the propagation path of the blasting vibration waves and effectively control the harm of blasting vibration.

[0006] To achieve the above object of the present invention, the present invention provides a layered barrier structure for blasting vibration waves for reducing the harm of blasting vibration, which adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A blasting vibration wave layered barrier structure for reducing the harm of blasting vibration is arranged in a trench between a protected object, i.e., a building / structure, and a blasting area. It is composed of a waterproof and anti-corrosion layer, a flexible energy dissipation layer, a hollow microsphere discrete layer, and an air bag layer: The waterproof and anti-corrosion layer is a box-shaped structure that is closed at the bottom and around and open at the top. The flexible energy dissipation layer, the hollow microsphere discrete layer, and the air bag layer are arranged in sequence in the waterproof and anti-corrosion layer. The flexible energy dissipation layer is on the side of the blasting area, the air bag layer is on the side of the protected object, i.e., the building / structure, and the hollow microsphere discrete layer is between the flexible energy dissipation layer and the air bag layer. After the flexible energy dissipation layer, the hollow microsphere discrete layer, and the air bag layer are arranged, the upper part of the waterproof and anti-corrosion layer is sealed to form a closed water isolation environment.

[0008] Let: the thickness of the waterproof and anti-corrosion layer be b0, the width of the flexible energy dissipation layer be b1, the width of the hollow microsphere discrete layer be b2, the width of the air bag layer be b3, and the width of the rock and soil blasting vibration wave layered barrier structure be B1. Then: B1 = 2×b0 + b1 + b2 + b3.

[0009] The waterproof and anti-corrosion layer uses a waterproof and anti-corrosion film, which can prevent the infiltration of external water and affect the vibration damping effect. It can also prevent groundwater, rock mass fissure water, atmospheric precipitation, surface water, etc. from infiltrating into the internal part of the blasting vibration wave layered barrier structure, affecting the barrier and vibration damping effect of the blasting vibration wave, and improving the quality of vibration damping and harm control.

[0010] The flexible energy dissipation layer uses a porous low-density medium material. This layer can not only give full play to the role of a buffer cushion layer, but also convert the mechanical energy of the blasting vibration wave into the internal energy such as the displacement, deformation, friction, and heat generation of the flexible material, realizing the absorption and dissipation of the energy of the blasting vibration wave, weakening the energy and vibration amplitude of the blasting vibration wave, and reducing the harm of the blasting vibration.

[0011] The hollow microsphere discrete layer is composed of lightweight hollow glass microspheres with a particle size of 0.05 mm to 2 mm. With the help of the large number of spherical walls and the voids between particles in the hollow structure (with air or vacuum) of the hollow glass microspheres, it can produce effects such as dispersion, reflection, and refraction on the passing blasting vibration wave, changing the propagation direction of the vibration wave. At the same time, the blasting vibration wave causes the movement and slip of the hollow glass microspheres, and they rub against each other to generate heat, converting the mechanical energy of the blasting vibration wave into the thermal energy, internal energy, deformation energy, etc. of the medium material, which can effectively consume the energy of the vibration wave and further block the propagation of the blasting vibration wave.

[0012] The air bag layer is composed of individual sealed air bags filled with air that are connected to each other to form an integral sealed air layer structure. The existence of the sealed air in the air bags forms an air isolation layer with a certain width and range, which can accelerate the attenuation speed of the blasting vibration wave, reduce the propagation distance and harm of the vibration wave.

[0013] Further, the thickness b0 of the waterproof and anti-corrosion layer is 1-2 mm, which is made of high-performance materials such as polyvinyl chloride, polyisobutylene or polyurethane. At the same time, the material of this layer has good chemical stability, reliable anti-corrosion property, durability and weather resistance, and has broad adaptability and scope of application.

[0014] Further, the width b1 of the flexible energy dissipation layer is 20-25 cm, which is a porous low-density medium material such as a foam board or sponge. It has a small density, light weight, is convenient for handling, has strong adaptability to changes in temperature and humidity, good chemical stability, and excellent anti-impact and energy absorption performance.

[0015] Further, the width b2 of the hollow microsphere discrete layer is 10-12 cm, and the density of the lightweight hollow glass microspheres is 0.1-0.6 g / cm 3 。

[0016] Further, the width b3 of the air bag layer is 5-10 cm. Each single sealed air bag is any one of a square, a rectangle, a rhombus or a circle, and the side length b or diameter d of each single sealed air bag is 10-20 cm.

[0017] Further, the width B0 of the trench is 0.5-0.8 m, and the depth H0 of the trench ≤ the height H1 of the air bag layer (which is also the height of the layered barrier structure for rock blasting vibration waves designed in the present invention).

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, let: the outer shape length of the protected object - the building / structure be L2, the foundation burial depth be H2, the trench length be L0, and the trench depth be H0. Then: L0 = L2 + 2(0.5-1.0 m), H0 = H2 + (0.4-0.6 m).

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the trench is arranged within a range of 5-15 m from the protected object - the building / structure.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, let: the length of the waterproof and anti-corrosion layer (1) be L1, then L1 = L0 - 2(10-20 cm).

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the length L1 of the waterproof and anti-corrosion layer is 30-80 cm longer than the outer shape length L2 of the protected object - the building / structure on both sides.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, a layered barrier structure for blasting vibration waves for reducing blasting vibration hazards of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0023] (1) It can effectively weaken the energy of blasting vibration waves, reduce the secondary hazards induced by blasting vibration, protect the structural safety of buildings (structures) around the blasting area, effectively avoid civil disputes caused by blasting vibration, and maintain regional social harmony and stability.

[0024] (2) It can effectively block the propagation of blasting vibration waves, reduce the impact of blasting vibration on open-pit slopes, maintain the safety and stability of slopes (especially high and steep slopes), and provide important protection for the safety of production workers and equipment under the slopes.

[0025] (3) By setting up a waterproof and anti-corrosion layer, the infiltration of external water such as atmospheric precipitation and groundwater can be prevented, the adverse effect of water on the vibration reduction effect can be eliminated, and a better vibration reduction effect can be achieved.

[0026] (4) Combined with blasting vibration control measures such as charge control in the blasting area and optimization of hole network parameters, coordinated control of blasting vibration at the blasting source and the propagation path of blasting vibration waves can be achieved.

[0027] (5) The present invention has a simple structure and is easy to use. It is easy for on-site operators to master it and has high on-site construction efficiency. The materials used have low density, light texture, and are easy to carry. The construction labor intensity is low. In addition, the materials are widely available, inexpensive, and have low operating costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic top view of a blasting vibration wave layered barrier structure for reducing blasting vibration hazards according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a blasting vibration wave layered barrier structure for reducing the blasting vibration hazards of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic top view of the air bag layer used in the present invention.

[0031] The figures are marked as follows: 1-waterproof and anti-corrosion layer; 2-flexible energy-absorbing layer; 3-hollow microsphere discrete layer; 4-air bag layer; 5-building / structure; 6-groove; 7-step; 8-gun hole; 9-single sealed air bag. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] To describe the present invention, a blasting vibration wave layered barrier structure for reducing blasting vibration hazards of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0033] Depend on Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the top view of the blasting vibration wave layered barrier structure for reducing the blasting vibration hazard of the present invention is shown in combination with Figure 2It can be seen that a blasting vibration wave layered barrier structure for reducing the harm of blasting vibration in the present invention is arranged in a trench 6 between a protected object - a building / structure 5 and a blasting area, and the trench 6 is arranged within a range of 5 to 15 m from the protected object - the building / structure 5. A geotechnical blasting vibration wave layered barrier structure in the present invention is composed of a waterproof and anti-corrosion layer 1, a flexible energy dissipation layer 2, a hollow microsphere discrete layer 3, and an air bag layer 4: the waterproof and anti-corrosion layer 1 is a box-shaped structure with a closed bottom, closed surroundings, and an open top, and the flexible energy dissipation layer 2, the hollow microsphere discrete layer 3, and the air bag layer 4 are sequentially arranged and filled in the waterproof and anti-corrosion layer 1. The flexible energy dissipation layer 2 is located on the blasting area side, the air bag layer 4 is located on the protected object - building / structure 5 side, and the hollow microsphere discrete layer 3 is located between the flexible energy dissipation layer 2 and the air bag layer 4. After the flexible energy dissipation layer 2, the hollow microsphere discrete layer 3, and the air bag layer 4 are arranged, the upper part of the waterproof and anti-corrosion layer 1 is then sealed to form a closed water isolation environment. Among them, the hollow microsphere discrete layer 3 is laid in layers from bottom to top in the waterproof and anti-corrosion layer 1, and the laying thickness of each layer is controlled within 15 to 20 cm, and the laying is carried out layer by layer until completion;

[0034] Let: the thickness of the waterproof and anti-corrosion layer 1 be b0, the width of the flexible energy dissipation layer 2 be b1, the width of the hollow microsphere discrete layer 3 be b2, the width of the air bag layer 4 be b3, and the width of the geotechnical blasting vibration wave layered barrier structure be B1, then: B1 = 2×b0 + b1 + b2 + b3.

[0035] The waterproof and anti-corrosion layer 1 adopts a waterproof and anti-corrosion film, the thickness b0 of the waterproof and anti-corrosion layer 1 is 1 to 2 mm, and the waterproof and anti-corrosion layer 1 is made of high-performance materials such as polyvinyl chloride, polyisobutylene, or polyurethane. The waterproof and anti-corrosion layer 1 is used to prevent external water from seeping into the interior of the structure and affecting the blocking effect of the blasting vibration wave. At the same time, this layer has good corrosion resistance, durability, and weather resistance, which can improve the applicable range of the structure and extend the service life of the present invention.

[0036] The flexible energy dissipation layer 2 adopts a foam board or a sponge-like porous low-density medium material, the width b1 of the flexible energy dissipation layer 2 is 20 to 25 cm, and the mechanical energy of the blasting vibration wave is converted into the internal energy of the flexible energy dissipation layer 2 through the material displacement, deformation, friction, heat generation, etc. of the flexible energy dissipation layer 2 to achieve the absorption and dissipation of the energy of the blasting vibration wave.

[0037] The hollow microsphere discrete layer 3 is composed of hollow microspheres with a particle size of 0.05 mm to 2 mm and a density of 0.1 to 0.6 g / cm 3It is composed of lightweight hollow glass microspheres. The width b2 of the discrete layer 3 of hollow microspheres is 10 - 12 cm. By means of the large number of spherical wall surfaces and the gaps between particles in the hollow structure of the discrete layer 3 of hollow microspheres, effects such as dispersion, reflection, and refraction are exerted on the blasting vibration waves passing through, changing the propagation direction of the vibration waves. At the same time, combined with the movement and slip of the hollow glass microspheres, etc., the energy of the blasting vibration waves is effectively consumed.

[0038] It is composed of Figure 3 The top view schematic diagram of the air bag layer adopted in the present invention shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 It can be seen that the air bag layer 4 is composed of interconnected single sealed air bags 9 filled with air, forming an integral sealed air layer structure. The width b3 of the air bag layer 4 is 5 - 10 cm. The single sealed air bag 9 can be any one of a square, a rectangle, a rhombus, or a circle. The side length b or the diameter d of the single sealed air bag 9 is 10 - 20 cm.

[0039] It is composed of Figure 1 and combined with Figure 2 It can also be seen the size relationship between a blasting vibration wave layered barrier structure for reducing blasting vibration hazards of the present invention, the trench 6, and the protected object - the building / structure 5. The width B0 of the trench 6 is 0.5 - 0.8 m, and the depth H0 of the trench 6 ≤ the height H1 of the air bag layer 4. Let: the outer shape length of the protected object - the building / structure 5 be L2, the foundation embedment depth be H2, the length of the trench 6 be L0, the depth of the trench 6 be H0, and the length of the waterproof and anticorrosion layer 1 be L1. Then: L0 = L2 + 2(0.5 - 1.0 m), H0 = H2 + (0.4 - 0.6 m), L1 = L0 - 2(10 - 20 cm), and the length L1 of the waterproof and anticorrosion layer 1 is 30 - 80 cm longer than the outer shape length L2 of the protected object - the building / structure 5 on both sides. The width B0 of the trench 6 can be equal to or greater than the required width B1 of the blasting vibration wave layered barrier structure, and the extra width is finally backfilled; the backfill material can be loose structural materials such as slag, crushed slag, and crushed stone.

[0040] After the blasting vibration wave layered barrier structure for reducing blasting vibration hazards of the present invention is arranged, the blastholes 8 are arranged on the bench 7 according to the designed blasting hole network parameters, and operations such as drilling, charging, checking the initiation network, and blasting are completed. Through on - site test verification, by adopting the present invention, the absorption, dispersion, and blocking of vibration waves are realized within the blasting vibration wave layered barrier structure, the propagation and hazards of the blasting vibration waves are controlled, the blasting vibration velocity can be reduced by more than 70%, and the structural safety of rock - soil slopes, civilian houses, factories and other buildings / structures around the blasting area can be better protected.

Claims

1. A blasting vibration wave layered barrier structure for reducing the harm of blasting vibration, which is arranged in a groove (6) between a protected object - a building / structure (5) and a blasting area, and is characterized in that It is composed of a waterproof and anti-corrosion layer (1), a flexible energy dissipation layer (2), a hollow microsphere discrete layer (3), and an air bag layer (4) combined: the waterproof and anti-corrosion layer (1) forms a box-shaped structure with a closed bottom, closed around, and open top. The flexible energy dissipation layer (2), the hollow microsphere discrete layer (3), and the air bag layer (4) are sequentially arranged in the waterproof and anti-corrosion layer (1). The flexible energy dissipation layer (2) is located on the side of the blasting area, the air bag layer (4) is located on the side of the protected object - building / structure (5), and the hollow microsphere discrete layer (3) is located between the flexible energy dissipation layer (2) and the air bag layer (4). After the flexible energy dissipation layer (2), the hollow microsphere discrete layer (3), and the air bag layer (4) are arranged, the upper part of the waterproof and anti-corrosion layer (1) is sealed to form a closed water isolation environment. The thickness b0 of the waterproof and anti-corrosion layer (1) is 1 - 2 mm, and it is made of high-performance materials such as polyvinyl chloride, polyisobutylene, or polyurethane. The width b1 of the flexible energy dissipation layer (2) is 20 - 25 cm, and it is a porous low-density medium material such as a foam board or sponge. The width b2 of the hollow microsphere discrete layer (3) is 10 - 12 cm, and the density of the lightweight hollow glass microspheres is 0.1 - 0.6 g / cm³. The width b3 of the air bag layer (4) is 5 - 10 cm. The single sealed air bag (9) is any one of a square, rectangle, rhombus, or circle, and the side length b or diameter d of the single sealed air bag (9) is 10 - 20 cm. The width B0 of the trench (6) is 0.5 - 0.8 m, and the depth H0 of the trench (6) ≤ the height H1 of the air bag layer (4). The trench (6) is arranged within a range of 5 - 15 m from the protected object - building / structure (5). Let: the thickness of the waterproof and anti-corrosion layer (1) be b0, the width of the flexible energy dissipation layer (2) be b1, the width of the hollow microsphere discrete layer (3) be b2, the width of the air bag layer (4) be b3, and the width of the rock and soil blasting vibration wave layered isolation structure be B1. Then: B1 = 2×b0 + b1 + b2 + b3; Let: the outer shape length of the protected object - building / structure (5) be L2, the foundation burial depth be H2, the length of the trench (6) be L0, and the depth of the trench (6) be H0. Then: L0 = L2 + 2(0.5 - 1.0 m), H0 = H2 + (0.4 - 0.6 m); Let the length of the waterproof and anti-corrosion layer (1) be L1, then L1 = L0 - 2(10 - 20 cm); The waterproof and anti-corrosion layer (1) uses a waterproof and anti-corrosion film; the flexible energy dissipation layer (2) uses a porous low-density medium material; the hollow microsphere discrete layer (3) is composed of lightweight hollow glass microspheres with a particle size of 0.05 mm - 2 mm; the air bag layer (4) is composed of interconnected single sealed air bags (9) filled with air to form an integral sealed air layer structure.

2. The blasting vibration wave layered barrier structure for reducing the harm of blasting vibration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length L1 of the waterproof and anti-corrosion layer (1) is 30 - 80 cm longer than the outer shape length L2 of the protected object - building / structure (5) on both sides.

Images