A method for conducting traverse survey of the approach of immersed tunnel for island-tunnel project

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of island-tunnel engineering surveying, and particularly relates to a method for conducting traverse survey of immersed tunnel into the hole in island-tunnel engineering. The method includes: arranging a left out-of-hole survey station, a right out-of-hole survey station and an orientation side point outside the entrance of the immersed tunnel, and arranging a left-door survey station and a right-door survey station near the floodgate to form an out-of-hole control network; respectively arranging a left in-hole traverse network and a right in-hole traverse network in the left and right lanes, which are interconnected with the out-of-hole control network, so as to form a traverse survey network for the immersed tunnel; measuring and calculating the GNSS coordinates of the left out-of-hole survey station, the right out-of-hole survey station and the orientation side point, and then conducting traverse survey of the immersed tunnel based on the traverse survey network for the immersed tunnel. The present invention solves the problem that the floodgate restricts the traverse survey into the hole, and can ensure the traverse survey accuracy of the immersed tunnel in island-tunnel engineering.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of island-tunnel engineering surveying, and particularly relates to a method for measuring the incoming tunnel traverse in a immersed tube tunnel for island-tunnel engineering. Background Art

[0002] In island-tunnel engineering, artificial islands connect the offshore bridge and the immersed tube tunnel; during the construction of the immersed tube tunnel, in order to prevent seawater or rainwater from flowing back into the tunnel due to the influence of wind, waves, rainstorms, etc., flood prevention gates are often designed at the entrance of the immersed tube tunnel, and a construction passage is opened in the middle of the flood prevention gate for construction vehicles to pass through; when the wind and waves are large or the rain is heavy, the flood prevention gate is closed to avoid water ingress into the tunnel to ensure construction safety. The flood prevention gate at the entrance will run through the entire construction of the immersed tube tunnel, and generally the flood prevention gate will be removed at the end of the construction of the immersed tube tunnel.

[0003] Compared with land tunnels, the immersed tube tunnel in island-tunnel engineering is composed of multiple precast tube segments connected and installed. According to the design requirements of the immersed tube installation acceptance, a full-line tunnel through-traverse is established before the immersed tube installation, and the installation accuracy of the immersed tube is evaluated through through-traverse survey after the immersed tube installation is completed. Since the starting reference of the immersed tube tunnel through-traverse survey is established outside the tunnel, it is necessary to transfer the through-traverse survey reference outside the tunnel to the inside of the tunnel through the entrance of the immersed tube tunnel using precise traverses before the immersed tube installation.

[0004] The incoming tunnel traverse survey includes two parts: surveying outside the tunnel and surveying inside the tunnel; however, the setting of the flood prevention gate at the entrance of the immersed tube tunnel will block the line of sight of the connection survey between the inside and outside of the tunnel, restricting the incoming tunnel traverse survey work and bringing inconvenience to the through-traverse survey. Currently, the through-traverse survey reference outside the tunnel is transferred to the inside of the tunnel through the construction passage on the flood prevention gate, and the width of the construction passage is relatively narrow, resulting in a small lateral spacing between the in-tunnel traverse survey points measured through the construction passage, which will reduce the through-traverse survey accuracy of the immersed tube tunnel; but the construction passage cannot be opened too wide, as it will affect the flood prevention and flood control capabilities of the flood prevention gate, and thus affect construction safety; therefore, the setting of the flood prevention gate in island-tunnel engineering affects the through-traverse survey accuracy of the immersed tube tunnel. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the related art, the present invention provides a method for measuring the incoming tunnel traverse in an immersed tube tunnel for island-tunnel engineering, aiming to solve the problem that the flood prevention gate restricts the incoming tunnel traverse survey and ensure the through-traverse survey accuracy of the immersed tube tunnel in island-tunnel engineering.

[0006] The method for measuring the incoming tunnel traverse in an immersed tube tunnel for island-tunnel engineering of the present invention includes the steps of traverse network layout and traverse survey, wherein,

[0007] The steps of traverse network layout specifically include:

[0008] Outside the entrance of the immersed tube tunnel, set up the outer measuring station LJ1 corresponding to the left lane, the outer measuring station RJ1 corresponding to the right lane, and the orientation side point DX1 corresponding to the middle corridor; set up the measuring stations ZL0 and ZR0 at the left door near the floodgate of the left lane. ZL0 and ZR0 are symmetric about the center line of the left lane and the distance between them is greater than the width of the construction passage on the floodgate; set up the measuring stations YL0 and YR0 at the right door near the floodgate of the right lane. YL0 and YR0 are symmetric about the center line of the right lane and the distance between them is greater than the width of the construction passage on the floodgate; LJ1, RJ1, DX1, ZL0, ZR0, YL0 and YR0 form an outer control network; at the positions corresponding to ZL0, ZR0, YL0 and YR0 on the floodgate, there are all openable measuring holes.

[0009] Along the length direction of the immersed tube tunnel in the left lane, arrange multiple pairs of left tunnel internal control point groups to form a left tunnel internal traverse network; each left tunnel internal control point group includes two left tunnel internal control points symmetrically arranged about the center line of the left lane; among them, the two left tunnel internal control points of the left tunnel internal control point group closest to the floodgate are both visible through the measuring holes to the measuring stations ZL0 and ZR0 at the left door at the same time.

[0010] Along the length direction of the immersed tube tunnel in the right lane, arrange multiple pairs of right tunnel internal control point groups to form a right tunnel internal traverse network; each right tunnel internal control point group includes two right tunnel internal control points symmetrically arranged about the center line of the right lane; among them, the two right tunnel internal control points of the right tunnel internal control point group closest to the floodgate are both visible through the measuring holes to the measuring stations YL0 and YR0 at the right door at the same time.

[0011] The outer control network is respectively connected with the left tunnel internal traverse network and the right tunnel internal traverse network to form an immersed tube tunnel through-traverse network.

[0012] The steps of traverse survey specifically include:

[0013] Synchronously set up GNSS receivers at the outer measuring station LJ1 in the left tunnel, the outer measuring station RJ1 in the right tunnel and the orientation side point DX1 for static measurement to calculate the GNSS coordinates of LJ1, RJ1 and DX1.

[0014] Successively set up measuring instruments at LJ1, ZL0, ZR0, multiple left tunnel internal control points, RJ1, YL0, YR0 and multiple right tunnel internal control points, and rely on the immersed tube tunnel through-traverse network to conduct the immersed tube tunnel through-traverse survey.

[0015] In some embodiments, the longitudinal distances of ZL0, ZR0, YL0 and YR0 from the floodgate are all 0.5m - 1m, and the heights from the ground are all 1m - 1.5m.

[0016] In some of these embodiments, the longitudinal distances of the outer measuring stations LJ1 on the left side and RJ1 on the right side of the tunnel from the floodgate are both 700 m - 800 m; the longitudinal distance of the orientation side point DX1 from the floodgate is 1400 m - 1600 m.

[0017] In some of these embodiments, the longitudinal distances of the left - side and right - side control point groups closest to the floodgate in the tunnel from the floodgate are both 700 m - 800 m; the longitudinal distances between multiple pairs of left - side control point groups and between multiple pairs of right - side control point groups in the tunnel are both 700 m - 800 m.

[0018] In some of these embodiments, multiple pairs of left - side control point groups and multiple pairs of right - side control point groups in the tunnel are arranged in one - to - one correspondence at the same mileage positions of the immersed tunnel.

[0019] In some of these embodiments, the measuring holes on the floodgate are all square holes with a side length of 400 mm; during the through - measurement of the immersed tunnel, the measuring holes are opened, otherwise they remain closed.

[0020] In some of these embodiments, DX1, LJ1, ZL0, ZR0, multiple left - side control points in the tunnel, RJ1, YL0, YR0, and multiple right - side control points in the tunnel are all traverse measuring points in the through - measurement traverse network of the immersed tunnel; the through - measurement of the immersed tunnel specifically includes the following steps:

[0021] Corner and side measurement step: Set up measuring instruments at LJ1, ZR0, ZL0, and multiple left - side control points in the tunnel in sequence, conduct corner and side measurements on each traverse measuring point connected to the position where the measuring instrument is located, and move the station in sequence to measure to the exit end of the left - hand lane of the immersed tunnel; set up measuring instruments at RJ1, YR0, YL0, and multiple right - side control points in the tunnel in sequence, conduct corner and side measurements on each traverse measuring point connected to the position where the measuring instrument is located, and move the station in sequence to measure to the exit end of the right - hand lane of the immersed tunnel.

[0022] Calculation step: According to the measurement results obtained in the corner and side measurement step, combined with the GNSS coordinates of LJ1, RJ1, and DX1, conduct overall adjustment calculations to obtain the GNSS coordinate results of each traverse measuring point in the through - measurement traverse network of the immersed tunnel.

[0023] In some of these embodiments, in the corner and side measurement step, the measuring instrument conducts corner and side measurements on each traverse measuring point connected to the position where the measuring instrument is located in a clockwise or counter - clockwise order.

[0024] In some of these embodiments, when setting up measuring instruments at ZL0, ZR0, YL0, and YR0 for corner and side measurements, turn off the ventilation equipment in the immersed tunnel.

[0025] Based on the above technical solution, in the method for measuring the approach traverse of the immersed tunnel for the island-tunnel project in the embodiments of the present invention, by arranging measuring stations at the left-door side and the right-door side near the outside of the floodgate and providing openable and closable measuring holes at the corresponding positions on the floodgate, the influence of the floodgate blocking the measuring line of sight is reduced, the problem that the floodgate restricts the approach traverse measurement is solved, the approach traverse measurement under the closed state of the floodgate is realized, and the through-traverse measurement accuracy of the immersed tunnel in the island-tunnel project can be ensured. Description of the Drawings

[0026] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 is a physical display diagram of the floodgate in the method for measuring the approach traverse of the immersed tunnel for the island-tunnel project of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 is a network diagram of the through-traverse survey traverse network in the method for measuring the approach traverse of the immersed tunnel for the island-tunnel project of the present invention.

[0029] In the figure: LJ1, the measuring station outside the left tunnel; RJ1, the measuring station outside the right tunnel; DX1, the orientation side point; ZL0 / ZR0, the measuring stations at the left-door side; YL0 / YR0, the measuring stations at the right-door side; ZL1 / ZR1 / ZL2 / ZR2, the control points inside the left tunnel; YL1 / YR1 / YL2 / YR2, the control points inside the right tunnel. Detailed Embodiments

[0030] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "horizontal", "vertical", "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0032] The terms "first", "second", etc. are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such features.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installed", "connected", and "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0034] Reference Figure 1 - Figure 2 As shown, the method for conducting traverse survey for the immersed tunnel to enter the hole in the island-tunnel project of the present invention includes the steps of traverse network layout and traverse survey.

[0035] The steps of traverse network layout specifically include:

[0036] 1) Outside the entrance of the immersed tunnel, layout the left outside measuring station LJ1 corresponding to the left lane, the right outside measuring station RJ1 corresponding to the right lane, and the orientation side point DX1 corresponding to the middle corridor; it can be understood that the left outside measuring station LJ1 and the right outside measuring station RJ1 are the two outside through-traverse survey benchmarks of the immersed tunnel.

[0037] Layout the left door measuring stations ZL0 and ZR0 outside the floodgate of the left lane. ZL0 and ZR0 are symmetric about the center line of the left lane and the distance between them is greater than the width of the construction passage on the floodgate of the left lane; it can be understood that ZL0 and ZR0 are the two through-traverse survey benchmarks at the entrance of the left lane.

[0038] Layout the right door measuring stations YL0 and YR0 outside the floodgate of the right lane. YL0 and YR0 are symmetric about the center line of the right lane and the distance between them is greater than the width of the construction passage on the floodgate of the right lane; it can be understood that YL0 and YR0 are the two through-traverse survey benchmarks at the entrance of the right lane.

[0039] The left outside measuring station LJ1, the right outside measuring station RJ1, the orientation side point DX1, the left door measuring stations ZL0 and ZR0, and the right door measuring stations YL0 and YR0 together form the outside control network.

[0040] Measuring holes that can be opened and closed are provided at the positions on the floodgate corresponding to the left door measuring stations ZL0 and ZR0 and the right door measuring stations YL0 and YR0. Further explanation, when the floodgate is closed, the measuring holes become openable and closable channels for the connection between inside and outside of the hole.

[0041] 2) Along the longitudinal direction of the immersed tunnel, multiple pairs of left-in-tunnel control point groups are arranged at intervals in the left lane to form a left-in-tunnel traverse network. Each left-in-tunnel control point group includes two left-in-tunnel control points symmetrically arranged on the left and right with respect to the center line of the left lane. Among them, the two left-in-tunnel control points of the pair of left-in-tunnel control point groups closest to the floodgate are both visible from the measuring holes opened on the left-lane floodgate to the measuring stations ZL0 and ZR0 at the left door simultaneously. Further explanation, the transverse spacing between the two left-in-tunnel control points can be equivalent to the transverse spacing between ZL0 and ZR0, so it is larger than the transverse spacing between the in-tunnel traverse measuring stations surveyed through the construction access in the prior art, and thus can improve the through-measurement accuracy of the immersed tunnel.

[0042] 3) Along the longitudinal direction of the immersed tunnel, multiple pairs of right-in-tunnel control point groups are arranged at intervals in the right lane to form a right-in-tunnel traverse network. Each right-in-tunnel control point group includes two right-in-tunnel control points symmetrically arranged on the left and right with respect to the center line of the right lane. Among them, the two right-in-tunnel control points of the pair of right-in-tunnel control point groups closest to the floodgate are both visible from the measuring holes opened on the right-lane floodgate to the measuring stations YL0 and YR0 at the right door simultaneously. Further explanation, the transverse spacing between the two right-in-tunnel control points can be equivalent to the transverse spacing between YL0 and YR0, so it is larger than the transverse spacing between the in-tunnel traverse measuring stations surveyed through the construction access in the prior art, and thus can improve the through-measurement accuracy of the immersed tunnel.

[0043] 4) The out-of-tunnel control network is respectively connected with the left-in-tunnel traverse network and the right-in-tunnel traverse network, thus forming a through-measurement traverse network for the immersed tunnel; it should be noted that there is no direct connection between the left-in-tunnel traverse network and the right-in-tunnel traverse network.

[0044] The steps of traverse survey specifically include:

[0045] 1) Synchronously set up GNSS receivers at the out-of-left-tunnel measuring station LJ1, the out-of-right-tunnel measuring station RJ1, and the orientation edge point DX1 for static measurement. After the static measurement is completed, the GNSS receivers are retrieved; according to the results of the static measurement, the GNSS coordinates of LJ1, RJ1, and DX1 are calculated, and thus the starting data for the through-measurement of the immersed tunnel is provided.

[0046] 2) Set up surveying instruments in sequence at the out-of-left-tunnel measuring station LJ1, the measuring stations ZR0 and ZL0 at the left door, multiple left-in-tunnel control points, the out-of-right-tunnel measuring station RJ1, the measuring stations YR0 and YL0 at the right door, and multiple right-in-tunnel control points. The surveying instruments include but are not limited to total stations and supporting prisms, etc., and the through-measurement of the immersed tunnel is carried out relying on the through-measurement traverse network of the immersed tunnel.

[0047] In the above-described exemplary embodiments, by arranging the measuring points at the left door side and the right door side near the outside of the floodgate and providing openable and closable measuring holes at the corresponding positions on the floodgate, the influence of the floodgate blocking the measuring line of sight is reduced, the problem that the floodgate restricts the in-tunnel traverse survey is solved, and the in-tunnel traverse survey in the closed state of the floodgate is realized; by arranging the measuring points at the left door side and the right door side near the outside of the floodgate and making them in the same measuring environment as the measuring points outside the left tunnel, the measuring points outside the right tunnel, and the orientation side points, the two outside-tunnel through-traverse survey benchmarks can be more accurately transferred to the entrance of the left lane and the entrance of the right lane respectively, improving the measuring accuracy of the measuring points at the entrances of the left and right lanes, and further improving the accuracy of the subsequent in-tunnel traverse survey, ensuring the through-traverse survey accuracy of the immersed tunnel.

[0048] In some embodiments, the longitudinal distances of the measuring points ZL0 and ZR0 at the left door side and the measuring points YL0 and YR0 at the right door side from the floodgate are both 0.5 m - 1 m, and the height from the ground is 1 m - 1.5 m. They can be stably set outside the floodgate through brackets. It can be understood that the measuring points ZL0 and ZR0 at the left door side serve as the through-traverse survey benchmarks at the entrance of the left lane, and the measuring points YL0 and YR0 at the right door side serve as the through-traverse survey benchmarks at the entrance of the right lane. The closer they are to the floodgate, the higher the quality of transferring the through-traverse survey benchmarks into the tunnel, and further ensuring the through-traverse survey accuracy of the immersed tunnel.

[0049] In some embodiments, the longitudinal distances of the measuring points LJ1 outside the left tunnel and the measuring points RJ1 outside the right tunnel from the floodgate are both 700 m - 800 m; the longitudinal distance of the orientation side point DX1 from the floodgate is 1400 m - 1600 m. In some embodiments, the longitudinal distances of the nearest pair of left in-tunnel control point groups and the nearest pair of right in-tunnel control point groups from the floodgate are both 700 m - 800 m; the longitudinal spacings of multiple pairs of left in-tunnel control point groups and multiple pairs of right in-tunnel control point groups are both 700 m - 800 m. Those skilled in the art can understand that during the through-traverse survey of the immersed tunnel, the traverse survey needs to continuously extend forward according to the installation length of the immersed tube. As the tunnel length extends, the number of traverse stations will increase, and the errors of the traverse survey will continuously accumulate with the increase in the number of stations, resulting in a reduction in the through-traverse survey accuracy; therefore, the control of the number of traverse stations during the through-traverse survey is particularly important. In the above-described exemplary embodiments, by optimizing the distance settings of the traverse survey points outside the entrance of the immersed tunnel and inside the tunnel, especially by arranging the nearest pair of left in-tunnel control point groups and the nearest pair of right in-tunnel control point groups inside the immersed tunnel at a distance of 700 m - 800 m from the floodgate, a balance between the number of traverse survey points and the measuring accuracy is achieved, thereby reducing the cumulative errors of the traverse survey and ensuring the through-traverse survey accuracy of the immersed tunnel.

[0050] In some embodiments, multiple pairs of left-in-tunnel control point groups and multiple pairs of right-in-tunnel control point groups are arranged in one-to-one correspondence at the same mileage positions of the immersed tunnel, so that the network shape of the through survey traverse network of the immersed tunnel is more regular, which is conducive to analyzing the measurement results of the left-in-tunnel control points and the right-in-tunnel control points at the same mileage.

[0051] In some embodiments, the measurement holes on the floodgate are all square holes with a side length of 400 mm. During the through survey of the immersed tunnel, the measurement holes are opened, otherwise the measurement holes remain closed to ensure that the normal flood prevention and flood resistance capabilities of the floodgate are not affected.

[0052] In some embodiments, the orientation edge point DX1, the left-out-of-tunnel survey station LJ1, the survey stations ZL0 and ZR0 at the left door, multiple left-in-tunnel control points, the right-out-of-tunnel survey station RJ1, the survey stations YL0 and YR0 at the right door, and multiple right-in-tunnel control points are all traverse survey points in the through survey traverse network of the immersed tunnel. The through survey of the immersed tunnel includes an angle and side measurement step and a calculation step.

[0053] Angle and side measurement step: Set up surveying instruments in sequence at the left-out-of-tunnel survey station LJ1, the survey stations ZR0 and ZL0 at the left door, and multiple left-in-tunnel control points, and conduct angle and side measurements on each traverse survey point connected to the position where the surveying instrument is located, and move the station for measurement in sequence until reaching the exit end of the left lane of the immersed tunnel; Set up surveying instruments in sequence at the right-out-of-tunnel survey station RJ1, the survey stations YR0 and YL0 at the right door, and multiple right-in-tunnel control points, and conduct angle and side measurements on each traverse survey point connected to the position where the surveying instrument is located, and move the station for measurement in sequence until reaching the exit end of the right lane of the immersed tunnel.

[0054] Calculation step: According to the measurement results obtained in the angle and side measurement step, combined with the GNSS coordinates of the left-out-of-tunnel survey station LJ1, the right-out-of-tunnel survey station RJ1, and the orientation edge point DX1, conduct overall adjustment calculations to obtain the GNSS coordinate results of each traverse survey point in the through survey traverse network of the immersed tunnel.

[0055] It can be understood that in the through survey of the immersed tunnel, the operation methods of setting up surveying instruments such as total stations and prisms, the methods of angle and side measurement, the GNSS coordinate calculation of traverse survey points, etc. are well-known to those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated and described here.

[0056] In some embodiments, in the angle and side measurement step, the surveying instrument conducts angle and side measurements on each traverse survey point connected to the position where the surveying instrument is located in a clockwise or counterclockwise order to improve the measurement efficiency.

[0057] In some embodiments, when surveying instruments are respectively set up at the measuring stations ZL0 and ZR0 on the left door and the measuring stations YL0 and YR0 on the right door for angular and linear measurements, the ventilation equipment inside the immersed tunnel needs to be turned off to reduce the difference in the measurement environment inside and outside the floodgate and avoid the airflow jitter at the measurement holes from affecting the measurement accuracy.

[0058] The following refers to Figure 1 - Figure 2 to illustrate the main process of the through-hole traverse survey method for the immersed tunnel of the island-tunnel project of the present invention:

[0059] 1) Outside the entrance of the immersed tunnel, set up the left outside measuring station LJ1 corresponding to the left lane, the right outside measuring station RJ1 corresponding to the right lane, and the orientation side point DX1 corresponding to the middle corridor. Among them, the longitudinal distances of LJ1 and RJ1 from the floodgate are 700 m - 800 m, and the longitudinal distance of DX1 from the floodgate is 1400 m - 1600 m; set up the measuring stations ZL0 and ZR0 at 0.5 m - 1 m outside the floodgate of the left lane, and set up the measuring stations YL0 and YR0 at 0.5 m - 1 m outside the floodgate of the right lane; LJ1, RJ1, DX1, ZL0, ZR0, YL0, and YR0 jointly form an outside control network; there are openable measuring holes at the corresponding positions of ZL0, ZR0, YL0, and YR0 on the floodgate;

[0060] Set up multiple pairs of left inside control point groups with a spacing of 700 m - 800 m in the left lane to form a left inside traverse network. The first pair of left inside control point groups ZL1 and ZR1 are set at 700 m - 800 m from the floodgate of the left lane, and both ZL1 and ZR1 are simultaneously visible to ZL0 and ZR0 through the measuring holes; set up multiple pairs of right inside control point groups with a spacing of 700 m - 800 m in the right lane to form a right inside traverse network. The first pair of right inside control point groups YL1 and YR1 are set at 700 m - 800 m from the floodgate of the right lane, and both YL1 and YR1 are simultaneously visible to YL0 and YR0 through the measuring holes;

[0061] The outside control network is respectively connected to the left inside traverse network and the right inside traverse network to form an immersed tunnel through-traverse survey network;

[0062] 2) Synchronously set up GNSS receivers at LJ1, RJ1, and DX1 for static measurement to calculate the GNSS coordinates of LJ1, RJ1, and DX1;

[0063] 3) Set up a surveying instrument at LJ1, take DX1 as the backsight for orientation, and take foresight measurements of the angles and sides of ZR0 and ZL0; set up a surveying instrument at ZR0, and conduct angular and linear measurements of LJ1, ZR1, and ZL1 in a clockwise or counterclockwise order; set up a surveying instrument at ZL0, and conduct angular and linear measurements of LJ1, ZR1, and ZL1 in a clockwise or counterclockwise order; set up a surveying instrument at ZR1, and conduct angular and linear measurements of ZL0, ZR0, ZR2, and ZL2 in a clockwise or counterclockwise order; set up a surveying instrument at ZL1, and conduct angular and linear measurements of ZL0, ZR0, ZR2, and ZL2 in a clockwise or counterclockwise order; according to the above measurement process, relocate the station and measure successively until reaching the exit end of the left lane of the immersed tunnel;

[0064] Set up a surveying instrument at RJ1, take DX1 as the backsight for orientation, and take foresight measurements of the angles and sides of YR0 and YL0; set up a surveying instrument at YR0, and conduct angular and linear measurements of RJ1, YR1, and YL1 in a clockwise or counterclockwise order; set up a surveying instrument at YL0, and conduct angular and linear measurements of RJ1, YR1, and YL1 in a clockwise or counterclockwise order; set up a surveying instrument at YR1, and conduct angular and linear measurements of YL0, YR0, YR2, and YL2 in a clockwise or counterclockwise order; set up a surveying instrument at YL1, and conduct angular and linear measurements of YL0, YR0, YR2, and YL2 in a clockwise or counterclockwise order; according to the above measurement process, relocate the station and measure successively until reaching the exit end of the right lane of the immersed tunnel;

[0065] 4) Based on the measurement results obtained in the above angular and linear measurement steps, combined with the GNSS coordinates of LJ1, RJ1, and DX1, conduct an overall adjustment calculation to obtain the GNSS coordinate results of each traverse measurement point in the through survey traverse network of the immersed tunnel; subsequently, analyze the through survey results based on this, and then complete the through survey work of the immersed tunnel in the island-tunnel project.

[0066] Through the description of multiple embodiments of the method for measuring the approach traverse of the immersed tunnel for the island-tunnel project of the present invention, it can be seen that the present invention has at least one or more of the following advantages:

[0067] 1. By arranging the measuring stations at the left door and the right door near the outside of the floodgate and setting up openable and closable measuring holes at the corresponding positions on the floodgate, the influence of the floodgate blocking the measuring line of sight is reduced, the problem that the floodgate restricts the approach traverse measurement is solved, and the approach traverse measurement under the closed state of the floodgate is realized;

[0068] 2. By evenly arranging the measuring points at the left door and the measuring points at the right door near the outside of the floodgate, and making them in the same measurement environment as the measuring points outside the left tunnel, the measuring points outside the right tunnel and the orientation edge points, the two through-measurement benchmarks outside the two tunnels can be more accurately transferred to the entrance of the left lane and the entrance of the right lane respectively, improving the measurement accuracy of the measuring points at the entrances of the left and right lanes. Furthermore, the measurement accuracy of the subsequent in-tunnel traverse survey can be improved, ensuring the through-measurement accuracy of the immersed tunnel.

[0069] Finally, it should be noted that the embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. For the same or similar parts among the embodiments, reference can be made to each other.

[0070] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: still modifications can be made to the specific implementation manners of the present invention or equivalent replacements can be made to some technical features; without departing from the spirit of the technical solutions of the present invention, they should all be covered within the scope of the technical solutions claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for conducting traverse survey of the immersed tunnel approaching the portal in the island-tunnel project, characterized in that, Including the steps of wire network layout and traverse survey, where The steps of the wire network layout specifically include: Outside the entrance of the immersed tube tunnel, set up the left outside tunnel measuring station LJ1 corresponding to the left lane, the right outside tunnel measuring station RJ1 corresponding to the right lane, and the orientation side point DX1 corresponding to the middle corridor; set up the left door measuring stations ZL0 and ZR0 near the floodgate of the left lane. ZL0 and ZR0 are symmetric about the center line of the left lane and the distance between them is greater than the width of the construction passage on the floodgate; set up the right door measuring stations YL0 and YR0 near the floodgate of the right lane. YL0 and YR0 are symmetric about the center line of the right lane and the distance between them is greater than the width of the construction passage on the floodgate; LJ1, RJ1, DX1, ZL0, ZR0, YL0, and YR0 form an outside tunnel control network; at the positions corresponding to ZL0, ZR0, YL0, and YR0 on the floodgate, there are all openable measuring holes; Along the length direction of the immersed tube tunnel in the left lane, arrange multiple pairs of left inside tunnel control point groups to form a left inside tunnel wire network; each of the left inside tunnel control point groups includes two left inside tunnel control points symmetrically arranged about the center line of the left lane; among them, the two left inside tunnel control points of the left inside tunnel control point group closest to the floodgate are both visible through the measuring holes to the left door measuring stations ZL0 and ZR0 at the same time; Along the length direction of the immersed tube tunnel in the right lane, arrange multiple pairs of right inside tunnel control point groups to form a right inside tunnel wire network; each of the right inside tunnel control point groups includes two right inside tunnel control points symmetrically arranged about the center line of the right lane; among them, the two right inside tunnel control points of the right inside tunnel control point group closest to the floodgate are both visible through the measuring holes to the right door measuring stations YL0 and YR0 at the same time; The outside tunnel control network is respectively connected with the left inside tunnel wire network and the right inside tunnel wire network to form a through survey wire network for the immersed tube tunnel; The steps of the traverse survey specifically include: Synchronously set up GNSS receivers at the left outside tunnel measuring station LJ1, the right outside tunnel measuring station RJ1, and the orientation side point DX1 for static measurement to calculate the GNSS coordinates of LJ1, RJ1, and DX1; Successively set up surveying instruments at LJ1, ZL0, ZR0, multiple left inside tunnel control points, RJ1, YL0, YR0, and multiple right inside tunnel control points, and rely on the through survey wire network for the immersed tube tunnel to conduct through survey of the immersed tube tunnel.

2. The method for conducting traverse survey of the immersed tunnel approaching the portal in the island-tunnel project according to claim 1, characterized in that, The longitudinal distances of ZL0, ZR0, YL0, and YR0 from the floodgate are all 0.5m - 1m, and the heights from the ground are all 1m - 1.5m.

3. The method for conducting traverse survey of the immersed tunnel approaching the portal in the island-tunnel project according to claim 1, characterized in that, The longitudinal distances of the left outside tunnel measuring station LJ1 and the right outside tunnel measuring station RJ1 from the floodgate are both 700m - 800m; the longitudinal distance of the orientation side point DX1 from the floodgate is 1400m - 1600m.

4. The method for conducting traverse survey of the immersed tunnel approaching the portal in the island-tunnel project according to claim 1, characterized in that, The longitudinal distances of the left inside tunnel control point group and the right inside tunnel control point group closest to the floodgate from the floodgate are both 700m - 800m; the longitudinal spacings of multiple pairs of the left inside tunnel control point groups and multiple pairs of the right inside tunnel control point groups are both 700m - 800m.

5. The method for conducting traverse survey of the immersed tunnel approaching the portal in the island-tunnel project according to claim 4, characterized in that, Multiple pairs of the left tunnel inner control point groups and multiple pairs of the right tunnel inner control point groups are correspondingly arranged at the same mileage positions of the immersed tunnel one by one.

6. The method for conducting traverse survey of the immersed tunnel approaching the portal in the island-tunnel project according to claim 1, characterized in that, The measurement holes on the floodgate are all square holes with a side length of 400 mm; during the through measurement of the immersed tunnel, the measurement holes are opened, otherwise the measurement holes remain closed.

7. The method for conducting traverse survey of the immersed tunnel approaching the portal in the island-tunnel project according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that, DX1, LJ1, ZL0, ZR0, multiple left tunnel inner control points, RJ1, YL0, YR0 and multiple right tunnel inner control points are all traverse survey points in the traverse network for the through measurement of the immersed tunnel; the through measurement of the immersed tunnel specifically includes the following steps: Side-angle measurement step: Set up surveying instruments successively at LJ1, ZR0, ZL0 and multiple left tunnel inner control points, conduct side-angle measurements on each traverse survey point connected to the position where the surveying instrument is located, and successively move the station for measurement to the exit end of the left lane of the immersed tunnel; Set up surveying instruments successively at RJ1, YR0, YL0 and multiple right tunnel inner control points, conduct side-angle measurements on each traverse survey point connected to the position where the surveying instrument is located, and successively move the station for measurement to the exit end of the right lane of the immersed tunnel; Calculation step: According to the measurement results obtained in the side-angle measurement step, combined with the GNSS coordinates of LJ1, RJ1 and DX1, conduct overall adjustment calculations to obtain the GNSS coordinate results of each traverse survey point in the traverse network for the through measurement of the immersed tunnel.

8. The method for conducting traverse survey of the immersed tunnel approaching the portal in the island-tunnel project according to claim 7, characterized in that, In the side-angle measurement step, the surveying instrument conducts side-angle measurements on each traverse survey point connected to the position where the surveying instrument is located in a clockwise or counterclockwise order.

9. The method for conducting traverse survey of the immersed tunnel approaching the portal in the island-tunnel project according to claim 7, characterized in that, When setting up surveying instruments at ZL0, ZR0, YL0 and YR0 for side-angle measurements, turn off the ventilation equipment in the immersed tunnel.

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