A soil column ramming device based on soil infiltration experiments

Abstract

The present invention discloses a soil column ramming device based on soil infiltration experiments, which is applicable to experiments for studying the changes of soil infiltration parameters under different influencing conditions, and includes a bottom bearing and control board, support columns, a circular ring limit induction device, a target position display, and a ramming pressure module; it is characterized in that: a detachable soil column is provided at the central position of the bottom bearing and control board, a circular ring limit induction device capable of horizontal and vertical stretching is arranged on the outer wall of the soil column, and its four corners are fixed on the bottom bearing and control board, the target position display is connected to the right side of the circular ring limit induction device, and the upper and lower ends of the support columns are connected to the bottom bearing and control board and the ramming pressure module, and are fixed at a position 2 / 3 of the distance from the center at the four corners of the instrument. The present invention has both the functions of ramming and position indication, has the characteristics of time-saving, labor-saving, simple operation, etc., reduces the influence of uneven errors caused by artificial compaction of the soil body, improves the accuracy of the infiltration experiment, and is applicable to various experimental environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a soil column ramming device based on a soil infiltration experiment, which is applicable to experiments on studying soil infiltration under fixed head conditions. Background Art

[0002] At present, soil column tests are widely used to observe the process of soil water movement and analyze influencing factors. Generally, the material used for soil columns is plexiglass, through which the migration state of the wetting front and the changes in the soil water environment can be observed in real time. In soil column tests, it is necessary to fill the soil column glass column with soil of a certain bulk density. Currently, basically, the soil that meets the specified bulk density is weighed and filled layer by layer manually, and then a wooden stick or ramming rod with a diameter approximately equal to the inner diameter of the soil column is used to continuously apply force or hammer it up and down to compact this part of the soil to the specified height of each layer. The above operation is repeated multiple times to fill the soil to the specified experimental height. This ramming method is time-consuming and laborious, and due to the manual operation, it is easy to cause uneven distribution of the rammed soil mass.

[0003] The prior art patent with the Chinese patent publication number CN 210604116 U discloses a test soil column automatic filling device for reducing the filling error of disturbed soil. This technology controls the filling, ramming, and scraping of the soil through the infrared limit sensors arranged on the outer wall of the support column; at the same time, a dividing disk is used to connect the support column and the workbench, so that the filling, ramming, and scraping of the soil can be carried out step by step and cyclically. However, since the infrared limit sensors used in this technology are arranged at equal distances, the soil in the soil column cannot be extruded to any specified position.

[0004] And due to the design of the sensor that only monitors the height of the soil mass unidirectionally and the setting of a certain distance between the sensor and the soil column, these two reasons are likely to cause the soil mass not to be compacted to the specified height, or the soil mass shows a large area of uneven distribution. At the same time, the ramming method provided by this technology has only one type of hammering, which cannot meet all the needs of experimental personnel. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a soil column ramming device based on a soil infiltration experiment to solve the problems raised in the background art.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is as follows: A soil column ramming device based on soil infiltration experiments, including a bottom bearing and control board, support columns, a circular ring limit induction device, a target position display instrument, and a ramming pressure module; characterized in that: a detachable soil column is provided at the central position of the bottom bearing and control board, and a circular ring limit induction device capable of horizontal and vertical stretching is arranged closely on the outer wall of the soil column, and its four corners are fixed on the bottom bearing and control board. The right side of the circular ring limit induction device is connected to a target position display instrument and fixed on the bottom bearing and control board. The target position display instrument includes a fixing module, a connecting block, two U-shaped tubes, a moving shaft, and a moving plug; the fixing module is fixedly connected to the bottom bearing and control board and is connected to fix the movement of the two U-shaped tubes; the connecting block is connected to the end part of the horizontal rod fixed on the right side of the circular ring limit induction device. There are 0 cm - 50 cm scale lines on the vertical section at the rightmost end of the two U-shaped tubes; there are two immiscible liquid substances, oil and water, inside the two U-shaped tubes. When the connecting block is at the bottom end of the soil column, the interface of the immiscible liquid substances at the vertical section at the rightmost end of the two U-shaped tubes is located on the 0 cm scale line; the bottom end of the moving shaft is connected to the connecting block, and the top end is connected to the moving plug; the moving plug is located inside the two U-shaped tubes and is completely sealed; the upper and lower ends of the support columns are connected to the bottom bearing and control board and the ramming pressure module, and are fixed at the four corners of the instrument at a distance of 2 / 3 from the center. The support columns are composed of four rigid columns. The column in the upper left of the model diagram is column 1, the column in the lower left of the model diagram is column 2, the column in the upper right of the model diagram is column 3, and the column in the lower right of the model diagram is column 4; a control strip column is inlaid in column 1; the ramming pressure module includes a machine top, a working box, and a pressure end; the machine top and the working box are integrated; part of the machine top is hollow; part of the working box is hollow; part of the pressure end is located inside the working box.

[0007] Preferably, three control buttons are provided on the bottom bearing and control board; the three control buttons are a static pressure button, a hammering button, and an emergency braking button respectively; a soil column placing tray is provided in the middle of the bottom bearing and control board. The soil column placing tray is composed of two parts. There is a square concave block on the outermost layer to separate the control part, and a circular concave block is provided inside for fixing the soil column, and the circular concave block is deeper than the square concave block.

[0008] Preferably, the circular ring limit induction device is composed of five parts. The outermost layer is respectively composed of a No. 1 telescopic rod, a No. 2 telescopic rod, a No. 3 telescopic rod, and a No. 4 telescopic rod, and they are sequentially connected to the circular ring limit induction instrument at an interval of 90 degrees.

[0009] Preferably, the No. 1 telescopic rod, No. 2 telescopic rod, No. 3 telescopic rod, and No. 4 telescopic rod are exactly the same; the No. 1 telescopic rod includes a top fixed rod, a vertical telescopic rod, an L-shaped rod, a horizontal telescopic rod, an inward nut group, an outward nut, and a limiting rod; the top fixed rod is fixedly connected to the ramming pressure module; the limiting rod is fixedly connected to the bottom bearing and control board; there is a section of vacuum inside the limiting rod; the top fixed rod and the vertical telescopic rod are hollow inside; one end of the L-shaped rod is connected to the vertical telescopic rod and the other end is connected to the horizontal telescopic rod, and it can move in the vertical direction; the interior of the L-shaped rod in both the vertical and horizontal directions is hollow and is fixed to the limiting rod by the inward nut group and the outward nut; one end of the horizontal telescopic rod is connected to the L-shaped rod and the other end is connected to the circular ring limit inducer.

[0010] Preferably, the inward nut group includes a connecting rod, a nut, and a pressing ring; the connecting rod has threads near the limiting rod; the nut can rotate on the threads; the pressing ring is closer to the limiting rod than the nut.

[0011] Preferably, the circular ring limit inducer includes an arc telescopic rod, a photoelectric sensor, and a circular arc ring; the arc telescopic rod is composed of 4 arc rods respectively connected to 4 circular arc rings; the photoelectric sensor is located at the center of the circular arc ring; the photoelectric sensors are distributed in a pairwise opposite shooting manner, one end is the transmitting end and the other end is the receiving end; the signal lines of the photoelectric sensors are introduced into the top through the hollow part of the telescopic rod.

[0012] Preferably, the top of the machine includes a hammering group, a constant pressure group, and a control shaft; the control shaft is connected to the control button at the bottom of the device through a control bar; the hammering group includes a P1 motor, a first gear, a second gear, a first fulcrum, a second fulcrum, a hollow groove, a third fulcrum, and a moving rod; the P1 motor is connected to the control shaft and the first gear and drives the first gear to rotate; the first gear is in contact with the second gear; there is a hollow groove on the second gear that is outward up and down and inward on both sides; the moving rod has a first fulcrum, a second fulcrum, and a third fulcrum; the first fulcrum is a fixed fulcrum; the second fulcrum moves on the hollow groove; the third fulcrum is connected to the pressure end.

[0013] Preferably, the constant pressure group includes a P2 motor, a piston, a first oil tank, a first oil pipe, a second oil pipe, a hose, and a second oil tank; the P2 motor is connected to the control shaft and the piston; the piston is located inside the first oil tank; the first oil tank and the second oil tank store hydraulic oil; the first oil pipe is hermetically connected to the first oil tank and the second oil tank; the second oil pipe is hermetically connected to the first oil tank and the hose; small valves are contained inside the first oil pipe and the second oil pipe; the front end of the hose is inside the pressure end.

[0014] Preferably, the pressure end includes a hammering disc, a fixed pressure rod, an intermediate pressure rod, and an extrusion end; the hammering disc is connected to the third fulcrum and the fixed pressure rod; the fixed pressure rod is hermetically connected to the hose; there is hydraulic oil in the sealed space between the fixed pressure rod and the intermediate pressure rod; the inside of the intermediate pressure rod has threads; the extrusion end includes a bottom pressure rod and a pressure disc; the bottom pressure rod is rigidly connected to the pressure disc; the periphery of the bottom pressure rod has threads and can move spirally up or down on the intermediate pressure rod.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the technical effects and advantages of the present invention are as follows: For this soil column ramming device, thanks to the design of the limit induction device, two sets of photoelectric sensors can monitor the ramming position of the soil body from multiple angles and transmit the completion information to the ramming module. At the same time, the design of the telescopic ring can make the monitoring more accurate and facilitate the loading and unloading of the soil column; thanks to the design of the movable telescopic rod, the position of the ring inducer can be fixed arbitrarily; thanks to the design of the two inverted U-shaped tubes, by fixing the end of the movable piston rod to the L-shaped horizontal rod at the same height as the ring inducer, the position of the interface between the two liquids in the tube changes with the position of the ring inducer, making it more intuitive for the experimenter to operate and observe; thanks to the diversified design of the ramming mode, the ramming mode adopts a parallel design, and the experimenter can realize three functions of constant pressure, hammering, and emergency braking through three buttons on the bottom bearing and control board of the instrument; thanks to the design of the hammering mode in the ramming module, the hammering of the present invention adopts a simple mechanical design. Through the design method of concave in the middle and convex at both ends of the gear groove, the repeated operation function of the ramming hammer rising and falling is realized; thanks to the design of the constant pressure mode in the ramming module, the constant pressure mode of the present invention adopts the principle of a simple hydraulic press and is designed using Pascal's law. The motor P2 drives the piston to move at a fixed power, continuously applying a constant force to the intermediate pressure rod, so that the pressure disc continuously applies a constant force to the surface of the soil body; thanks to the three-stage design of the pressure end, the top layer of the pressure end is fixed to the top of the instrument and contains hydraulic oil in the intermediate pressure rod to achieve the constant pressure part. Since the bottom pressure rod of the pressure end can move spirally up or down on the intermediate pressure rod, the experimenter can easily find a suitable working surface. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the bottom bearing, control board and support column of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the ring limit induction device of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the simplified ring limit induction device of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the simplified circular ring limit induction device of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the perspective structure of the target position display instrument of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ramming pressure module of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the machine top of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the pressure end of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 10 Control circuit diagram.

[0026] Explanation of reference numerals: 1 - Bottom bearing and control board; 11 - Control button; 111 - Static pressure button; 112 - Hammering button; 113 - Emergency brake button; 12 - Soil column storage tray; 121 - Square concave block; 122 - Circular concave block; 2 - Support column; 21 - Column No. 1; 22 - Column No. 2; 23 - Column No. 3; 24 - Column No. 4; 3 - Circular ring limit induction device; 31 - No. 1 telescopic rod; 311 - Top fixed rod; 312 - Vertical telescopic rod; 313 - L-shaped rod; 314 - Horizontal telescopic rod; 315 - Inward nut group; (315-1) - Connecting rod; (315-2) - Nut; (315-3) Extrusion ring; 316 - Outward nut; 317 - Limit rod; 32 - No. 2 telescopic rod; 33 - No. 3 telescopic rod; 34 - No. 4 telescopic rod; 35 - Circular ring limit inducer; 351 Arc telescopic rod; 352 Photoelectric sensor; 353 - Circular arc ring; 4 - Target position display instrument; 41 - Fixed module; 42 - Connecting block; 43 - Double U-shaped tube; 44 - Moving shaft; 45 - Moving plug; 5 - Ramming pressure module; 51 - Machine top; 511 - Hammering group; (511-1) - P1 motor; (511-2) - First gear; (511-3) - Second gear; (511-4) - First fulcrum; (511-5) - Second fulcrum; (511-6) - Hollow groove; (511-7) - Third fulcrum; (511-8) - Moving rod; 512 - Constant pressure group; (512-1) - P2 motor; (512-2) - Piston; (512-3) - First oil tank; (512-4) - First oil pipeline; (512-5) - Second oil pipeline; (512-6) - Hose; (512-7) - Second oil tank; 513 - Control shaft; 52 - Working box; 53 - Pressure end; 531 - Hammering plate; 532 - Fixed pressure rod; 533 - Intermediate pressure rod; 534 - Extrusion end; (534-1) - Bottom pressure rod; (534-2) - Pressure plate; 6 - Soil column Specific Embodiments

[0027] In order to make the technical means, creative features, achieved objectives and effects of the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further elaborated below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0028] Connection methods can adopt existing methods such as bonding, welding, bolt connection, etc., subject to actual requirements.

[0029] The present invention provides a soil column tamping device based on soil infiltration experiments as shown in Figure 1-10 which includes a bottom bearing and control board (1), support columns (2), a ring limit induction device (3), a target position display (4), and a tamping pressure module (5); characterized in that: a detachable soil column (6) is provided at the central position of the bottom bearing and control board (1), a ring limit induction device (3) that can be horizontally and vertically stretched is arranged close to the outer wall of the soil column (6), and its four corners are fixed on the bottom bearing and control board (1), the right side of the ring limit induction device (3) is connected to a target position display (4) and fixed on the bottom bearing and control board (1), the target position display (4) includes a fixed module (41), a connecting block (42), two U-shaped tubes (43), a moving shaft (44), and a moving plug (45); the fixed module (41) is fixedly connected to the bottom bearing and control board (1) and is connected to fix the movement of the two U-shaped tubes (43); the connecting block (42) is connected to the end part of the horizontal rod fixed on the right side of the ring limit induction device (3), and there are scale lines from 0 cm to 50 cm on the rightmost vertical section of the two U-shaped tubes (43); there are two immiscible liquids, oil and water, inside the two U-shaped tubes (43), when the connecting block (42) is at the bottom end of the soil column (6), the interface of the immiscible liquids at the rightmost vertical section of the two U-shaped tubes (43) is located on the 0 cm scale line; the bottom end of the moving shaft (44) is connected to the connecting block (42), and the top end is connected to the moving plug (45); the moving plug (45) is located inside the two U-shaped tubes (43) and is completely sealed; the upper and lower ends of the support columns (2) are connected to the bottom bearing and control board (1) and the tamping pressure module (5), and are fixed at 2 / 3 of the distance from the center at the four corners of the instrument, the support columns (2) are composed of four rigid columns, the upper left of the model diagram is column 1 (21), the lower left of the model diagram is column 2 (22), the upper right of the model diagram is column 3 (23), and the lower right of the model diagram is column 4 (24); a control bar column (211) is inlaid inside the column 1 (21), and the tamping pressure module (5) includes a machine top (51), a working box (52), and a pressure end (53); the machine top (51) and the working box (52) are integrated; the machine top (51) is partially hollow; the working box (52) is partially hollow; a part of the pressure end (53) is located inside the working box (52).

[0030] As shown Figure 2 in the figure, there are three control buttons (11) on the bottom bearing and control board (1); the three control buttons (11) are respectively a static pressure button (111), a hammering button (112), and an emergency brake button (113); in the middle of the bottom bearing and control board (1), there is a soil column placing tray (12), and the soil column placing tray (12) is composed of two parts. There is a square concave block (121) on the outermost layer to separate the control part, and a circular concave block (122) is arranged inward for fixing the soil column, and the circular concave block is deeper than the square concave block.

[0031] As shown Figure 3 in the figure, the ring limit induction device (3) is composed of five parts. The outermost layer is respectively composed of a No. 1 telescopic rod (31), a No. 2 telescopic rod (32), a No. 3 telescopic rod (33), and a No. 4 telescopic rod (34), and the ring limit induction instrument (35) is connected at intervals of 90-degree angles in sequence.

[0032] As shown Figure 3 、 Figure 4 in the figure, the No. 1 telescopic rod (31), the No. 2 telescopic rod (32), the No. 3 telescopic rod (33), and the No. 4 telescopic rod (34) are exactly the same; the No. 1 telescopic rod (31) includes a top fixed rod (311), a vertical telescopic rod (312), an L-shaped rod (313), a horizontal telescopic rod (314), an inward nut group (315), an outward nut (316), and a limit rod (317); the top fixed rod (311) is fixedly connected to the ramming pressure module (5); the limit rod (317) is fixedly connected to the bottom bearing and control board (1); there is a section of vacuum inside the limit rod (317); the top fixed rod (311) and the vertical telescopic rod (312) are hollow inside; one end of the L-shaped rod (313) is connected to the vertical telescopic rod (312), and the other end is connected to the horizontal telescopic rod (314), and it can move in the vertical direction; the inside of the L-shaped rod (313) in both the vertical and horizontal directions is hollow, and it is fixed to the limit rod (317) by the inward nut group (315) and the outward nut (316); one end of the horizontal telescopic rod (314) is connected to the L-shaped rod (313), and the other end is connected to the ring limit induction instrument (35).

[0033] As shown Figure 5 in the figure, the inward nut group (315) includes a connecting rod (315-1), a nut (315-2), and an extrusion ring (315-3); the connecting rod (315-1) has threads near the limit rod (317); the nut (315-2) can rotate on the threads; the extrusion ring (315-3) is closer to the limit rod (317) than the nut (315-2).

[0034] As shownFigure 5 As shown in the figure, the ring limit inductor (35) includes an arc telescopic rod (351), a photoelectric sensor (352), and an arc ring (353); the arc telescopic rod (351) is composed of 4 arc rods and is respectively connected to 4 arc rings (353); the photoelectric sensor (352) is located at the center of the arc ring (353); the photoelectric sensors (352) are distributed in a pairwise opposed manner, with one end being the transmitting end and the other end being the receiving end; the signal lines of the photoelectric sensors (352) are introduced into the top through the hollow part of the telescopic rod.

[0035] As Figure 8 As shown in the figure, the machine top (51) includes a hammering group (511), a constant pressure group (512), and a control shaft (513); the control shaft (513) is connected to the control button (11) at the bottom of the device through a control bar (211); the hammering group (511) includes a P1 motor (511-1), a first gear (511-2), a second gear (511-3), a first fulcrum (511-4), a second fulcrum (511-5), a hollow groove (511-6), a third fulcrum (511-7), and a moving rod (511-8); the P1 motor (511-1) is connected to the control shaft (513) and the first gear (511-2) and drives the first gear (511-2) to rotate; the first gear (511-2) is in contact with the second gear (511-3); there is a hollow groove (511-6) on the second gear (511-3) that is outward up and down and inward on both sides; the moving rod (511-8) has a first fulcrum (511-4), a second fulcrum (511-5), and a third fulcrum (511-7); the first fulcrum (511-4) is a fixed fulcrum; the second fulcrum (511-5) moves on the hollow groove (511-6); the third fulcrum (511-7) is connected to the pressure end (53).

[0036] As Figure 8As shown in the figure, the constant pressure group (512) includes a P2 motor (512-1), a piston (512-2), a first oil tank (512-3), a first oil pipeline (512-4), a second oil pipeline (512-5), a hose (512-6), and a second oil tank (512-7); the P2 motor (512-1) is connected to a control shaft (513) and the piston (512-2); the piston is located inside the first oil tank (512-3); hydraulic oil is stored in the first oil tank (512-3) and the second oil tank (512-7); the first oil pipeline (512-4) is hermetically connected to the first oil tank (512-3) and the second oil tank (512-7); the second oil pipeline (512-5) is hermetically connected to the first oil tank (512-3) and the hose (512-6); small valves are contained inside the first oil pipeline (512-4) and the second oil pipeline (512-5); the front end of the hose (512-6) is inside the pressure end (53).

[0037] As Figure 9 As shown in the figure, the pressure end (53) includes a hammering disc (531), a fixed pressure rod (532), an intermediate pressure rod (533), and an extrusion end (534); the hammering disc (531) is connected to a third fulcrum (511-7) and the fixed pressure rod (532); the fixed pressure rod (532) is hermetically connected to the hose (512-6); there is hydraulic oil in the sealed space between the fixed pressure rod (532) and the intermediate pressure rod (533); there are threads inside the intermediate pressure rod (533); the extrusion end includes a bottom pressure rod (534-1) and a pressure disc (534-2); the bottom pressure rod (534-1) is rigidly connected to the pressure disc (534-2); there are threads around the bottom pressure rod (534-1), and it can move spirally up or down on the intermediate pressure rod (533).

[0038] When using this soil column tamping device, a certain amount of soil calculated needs to be put into the soil column 6, and the soil column 6 is placed in the circular concave block 122 on the soil column placing tray 12, thereby fixing the position of the soil column 6. At the same time, the inward nut groups 315 on the four limit rods 317 in the ring limit induction device 3 are opened, and the ring limit inducer 35 is moved down to the target position. The arrival of the target position can be operated in real time by observing the liquid interface on the target position display 4. After reaching the specified position, the nut 315-2 is tightened, thereby fixing the ring limit inducer 35.

[0039] After preparation, first, the tester rotates the bottom pressing rod 534-1 on the pressure end 53 counterclockwise to make the lowermost pressure plate 534-2 reach the surface of the working soil mass, and presses the static pressure button 111 on the bottom bearing and control board 1. At this time, the P2 motor 512-1 starts to work, driving the middle pressing rod 533 to press downward with a constant power. When the bottom pressure plate 534-2 on the pressure end 53 approaches the set target position height, press the static pressure button 111 again, and the P2 motor 512-1 stops working.

[0040] Subsequently, the experimenter presses the hammering button 112 on the bottom bearing and control board. At this time, the P1 motor 511-1 starts to work, driving the first gear 511-2 to rotate with a constant designed power, thereby driving the second gear 511-3 to rotate. Due to the characteristics of the hollow groove 511-6 being concave in the middle and convex on the upper and lower sides, the hammering plate 531 drives the pressure end 53 to perform periodic up and down movements.

[0041] When the soil mass reaches the height set by the tester, the photoelectric sensor 352 on the ring limit inductor 35 receives the opposite signal and transmits the signal to the control circuit through the circuit arranged in the telescopic rod. At this time, the P1 motor 511-1 stops working, and the P2 motor 512-1 drives the piston 512-2 to retract. When the middle pressing rod 533 rises to a certain height, it stops moving.

[0042] Subsequently, the tester can loosen the nut 315-2 on the limit rod 317 and take out the tamped soil column 6. After refilling the soil mass, repeat the above operations. If an emergency occurs during the process of tamping the soil mass, the emergency brake button 113 can be pressed. At this time, the main switch is disconnected, and the function of emergency braking can be realized.

[0043] The hammering and constant pressure modes adopted above are of parallel design. The emergency brake switch is located on the main circuit, and the control circuit diagram is as Figure 10 shown.

[0044] Other circuits and controls involved in the present invention are all prior arts and will not be elaborated here.

[0045] It should be noted that in this article, terms describing the invention such as "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil column tamping device based on soil infiltration experiment, comprising a bottom bearing and control board (1), a support column (2), a circular ring limit induction device (3), a target position display (4), and a tamping pressure module (5);It is characterized in that: there are three control buttons (11) provided on the bottom bearing and control board (1); the three control buttons (11) are respectively a static pressure button (111), a hammering button (112), and an emergency braking button (113); there is a soil column placing tray (12) in the middle of the bottom bearing and control board (1), and the soil column placing tray (12) consists of two parts. There is a square concave block (121) on the outermost layer to separate the control part, and a circular concave block (122) is provided inward for fixing the soil column, and the circular concave block is deeper than the square concave block; a detachable soil column (6) is provided at the central position of the bottom bearing and control board (1), and a ring limit induction device (3) that can be stretched horizontally and vertically is arranged close to its outer wall, and its four corners are fixed on the bottom bearing and control board (1); the ring limit induction device (3) consists of five parts. The outermost layer is respectively composed of a No. 1 telescopic rod (31), a No. 2 telescopic rod (32), a No. 3 telescopic rod (33), and a No. 4 telescopic rod (34), and the ring limit induction instrument (35) is connected at intervals of 90-degree angles in sequence; the right side of the ring limit induction device (3) is connected with a target position display instrument (4) and fixed on the bottom bearing and control board (1), and the target position display instrument (4) includes a fixing module (41), a connecting block (42), two U-shaped tubes (43), a moving shaft (44), and a moving plug (45); the fixing module (41) is fixedly connected to the bottom bearing and control board (1) and is connected to fix the movement of the two U-shaped tubes (43); the connecting block (42) is connected to the end part of the horizontal rod fixed on the right side of the ring limit induction device (3), and there are 0 cm - 50 cm scale lines on the rightmost vertical section of the two U-shaped tubes (43); there are two immiscible liquids, oil and water, inside the two U-shaped tubes (43). When the connecting block (42) is at the bottom end of the soil column (6), the interface of the immiscible liquids at the rightmost vertical section of the two U-shaped tubes (43) is located on the 0 cm scale line; the bottom end of the moving shaft (44) is connected to the connecting block (42), and the top end is connected to the moving plug (45); the moving plug (45) is located inside the two U-shaped tubes (43) and is completely sealed; the upper and lower ends of the support column (2) are connected to the bottom bearing and control board (1) and the ramming pressure module (5), and are fixed at 2 / 3 of the distance from the center at the four corners of the instrument. The support column (2) consists of four rigid columns. The upper left of the model diagram is the No. 1 column (21), the lower left of the model diagram is the No. 2 column (22), the upper right of the model diagram is the No. 3 column (23), and the lower right of the model diagram is the No. 4 column (24); a control strip column (211) is inlaid inward in the No. 1 column (21), and the ramming pressure module (5) includes a machine top (51), a working box (52), and a pressure end (53); the machine top (51) and the working box (52) are integrated; the machine top (51) is partially hollow; the working box (52) is partially hollow; a part of the pressure end (53) is located inside the working box (52).; 2. The soil column tamping device based on soil infiltration experiment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The described No. 1 telescopic rod (31), No. 2 telescopic rod (32), No. 3 telescopic rod (33), and No. 4 telescopic rod (34) are exactly the same; the No. 1 telescopic rod (31) includes a top fixed rod (311), a vertical telescopic rod (312), an L-shaped rod (313), a horizontal telescopic rod (314), an inward nut group (315), an outward nut (316), and a limit rod (317); the top fixed rod (311) is fixedly connected to the ramming pressure module (5); the limit rod (317) is fixedly connected to the bottom bearing and control board (1); there is a section of vacuum inside the limit rod (317); the top fixed rod (311) and the vertical telescopic rod (312) are hollow inside; one end of the L-shaped rod (313) is connected to the vertical telescopic rod (312), and the other end is connected to the horizontal telescopic rod (314) and can move in the vertical direction; the interior of the L-shaped rod (313) in both the vertical and horizontal directions is hollow and is fixed to the limit rod (317) by the inward nut group (315) and the outward nut (316); one end of the horizontal telescopic rod (314) is connected to the L-shaped rod (313), and the other end is connected to the circular ring limit inducer (35).

3. A soil column ramming device based on soil infiltration experiment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The described inward nut group (315) includes a connecting rod (315-1), a nut (315-2), and a pressing ring (315-3); the connecting rod (315-1) has threads at a position close to the limit rod (317); the nut (315-2) can rotate on the threads; the pressing ring (315-3) is closer to the limit rod (317) than the nut (315-2).

4. The soil column ramming device based on soil infiltration experiment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The described circular ring limit inducer (35) includes an arc-shaped telescopic rod (351), a photoelectric sensor (352), and an arc ring (353); the arc-shaped telescopic rod (351) is composed of 4 arc-shaped rods and is respectively connected to 4 arc rings (353); the photoelectric sensor (352) is located at the center of the arc ring (353); the photoelectric sensors (352) are distributed in pairs and opposite to each other, with one end as the emitting end and the other end as the receiving end; the signal lines of the photoelectric sensors (352) are introduced into the top through the hollow part of the telescopic rod.

5. The soil column ramming device based on soil infiltration experiment according to claim 1, wherein: The described top of the machine (51) includes a hammering group (511), a constant pressure group (512), and a control shaft (513); the control shaft (513) is connected to the control button (11) at the bottom of the device through a control bar (211); the hammering group (511) includes a P1 motor (511-1), a first gear (511-2), a second gear (511-3), a first fulcrum (511-4), a second fulcrum (511-5), a hollow groove (511-6), a third fulcrum (511-7), and a moving rod (511-8); the P1 motor (511-1) is connected to the control shaft (513) and the first gear (511-2), and drives the first gear (511-2) to rotate; the first gear (511-2) is in contact with the second gear (511-3); there is a hollow groove (511-6) on the second gear (511-3) that is outward up and down and inward on both sides; the moving rod (511-8) has a first fulcrum (511-4), a second fulcrum (511-5), and a third fulcrum (511-7); the first fulcrum (511-4) is a fixed fulcrum; the second fulcrum (511-5) moves on the hollow groove (511-6); the third fulcrum (511-7) is connected to the pressure end (53).

6. The soil column ramming device based on soil infiltration experiment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The described constant pressure group (512) includes a P2 motor (512-1), a piston (512-2), a first oil tank (512-3), a first oil pipe (512-4), a second oil pipe (512-5), a hose (512-6), and a second oil tank (512-7); the P2 motor (512-1) is connected to the control shaft (513) and the piston (512-2); the piston is located inside the first oil tank (512-3); hydraulic oil is stored in the first oil tank (512-3) and the second oil tank (512-7); the first oil pipe (512-4) is hermetically connected to the first oil tank (512-3) and the second oil tank (512-7); the second oil pipe (512-5) is hermetically connected to the first oil tank (512-3) and the hose (512-6); small valves are contained inside the first oil pipe (512-4) and the second oil pipe (512-5); the front end of the hose (512-6) is inside the pressure end (53).

7. A soil column ramming device based on a soil infiltration experiment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure end (53) includes a hammering disc (531), a fixed pressure rod (532), an intermediate pressure rod (533), and an extrusion end (534); the hammering disc (531) is connected to the third fulcrum (511-7) and the fixed pressure rod (532); the fixed pressure rod (532) is hermetically connected to the hose (512-6); there is hydraulic oil in a sealed space between the fixed pressure rod (532) and the intermediate pressure rod (533); the interior of the intermediate pressure rod (533) has threads; the extrusion end includes a bottom pressure rod (534-1) and a pressure disc (534-2); the bottom pressure rod (534-1) is rigidly connected to the pressure disc (534-2); the periphery of the bottom pressure rod (534-1) has threads and can move in a spiral up or down on the intermediate pressure rod (533).

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