A dual-beam microstrip antenna

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of double-beam microstrip antennas, including first substrate layer and second substrate layer, first substrate layer is equipped with SIW waveguide structure, second substrate layer is located above first substrate layer;The top surface of second substrate layer is provided with microstrip antenna, SIW waveguide structure is equipped with coupling gap, microstrip antenna includes central axis part, the two sides of central axis part have symmetrically arranged rectangular part, the length direction of rectangular part is consistent with the length direction of central axis part, the upper end of central axis part is protruding relative to the upper end of rectangular part, the lower end of central axis part is protruding relative to the lower end of rectangular part, the middle area of the side of rectangular part away from central axis part is provided with notch, the two corner parts of the side of rectangular part away from central axis part are respectively provided with separation gap, separation gap makes corresponding corner part and other areas of rectangular part separate.This microstrip antenna can realize double-beam, can excite TM02 mode, and frequency band width is relatively wide, can cover N257 and N261 operating frequency, especially suitable for 5G communication system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a dual-beam microstrip antenna. Background Technology

[0002] According to 3GPP TS38.101-2 5G Terminal Radio Frequency Technical Specification and TR38.817 Terminal Radio Frequency Technical Report, the 5G mmWave frequency bands include N257 (26.5-29.5GHz), N258 (24.25-27.25GHz), N260 (37-40GHz), N261 (27.5-28.35GHz), and the newly added N259 (39.5-43GHz).

[0003] In recent years, researchers have designed various types of multi-beam antennas. The most traditional method to generate multi-beams is to use phased array technology or beam-switching antenna arrays. These technologies require phase shifters or single-pole double-throw switches, which will introduce some losses and reduce the performance of the antenna system.

[0004] Microstrip antennas are currently the most commonly used type of antenna. If they can be modified into a dual-beam structure suitable for 5G communication, they will undoubtedly have great market application prospects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem solved by this invention is to provide a broadband dual-beam microstrip antenna suitable for 5G communication.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a dual-beam microstrip antenna, comprising a first substrate layer and a second substrate layer, wherein the first substrate layer is provided with a SIW waveguide structure and a feed line for feeding the SIW waveguide structure, the second substrate layer is located above the first substrate layer, and the second substrate layer connects the top surface of the first substrate layer and / or the SIW waveguide structure; a microstrip antenna is provided on the top surface of the second substrate layer, and the SIW waveguide structure is provided with a coupling slot for coupling the microstrip antenna; the microstrip antenna includes a central axis portion, and symmetrically arranged rectangular portions on both sides of the central axis portion, the length direction of the rectangular portions being consistent with the length direction of the central axis portion; the upper end of the central axis portion protrudes relative to the upper end of the rectangular portions, and the lower end of the central axis portion protrudes relative to the lower end of the rectangular portions; a notch is provided in the middle region of the side of the rectangular portion away from the central axis portion; and two separation slots are provided at the two corners of the side of the rectangular portion away from the central axis portion, the separation slots separating the corresponding corners from the other regions of the rectangular portion.

[0007] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This microstrip antenna can achieve dual-beam operation, can excite the TM02 mode (TM02 mode is a typical dual-beam mode), and has a wide bandwidth, covering the operating frequencies of N257 and N261, making it particularly suitable for 5G communication systems. The microstrip antenna has a central slot with extended central axial sections at both ends, enabling it to excite the TM02 mode; the presence of the notch reduces the operating frequency of the microstrip antenna in TM02 mode; the dividing slot improves the current distribution on the rectangular section, widening the bandwidth of the microstrip antenna; the SIW waveguide structure combined with the feed line effectively suppresses the antenna's back lobe, and this feeding method has very little power leakage, which is beneficial for further improving the performance of the microstrip antenna. Attached Figure Description

[0008] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0009] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dual-beam microstrip antenna according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0010] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the dual-beam microstrip antenna according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention from a top view.

[0011] Figure 3 S-parameter plots for microstrip antennas of different shapes;

[0012] Figure 4 This is the radiation pattern of the dual-beam microstrip antenna according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0013] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0014] 1. First substrate layer;

[0015] 2. Second substrate layer;

[0016] 31. First metal layer; 311. Coupling gap; 32. Second metal layer; 33. Metallized via;

[0017] 4. Feeder cable;

[0018] 5. Microstrip antenna; 51. Central axis section; 52. Rectangular section; 521. Notch; 522. Separating gap; 53. Gap. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The objectives, features, and advantages of this invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indicators such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc., the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture as shown in the attached figure. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0022] Furthermore, if the embodiments of the present invention involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," such descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature.

[0023] Furthermore, if the meaning of "and / or" appears throughout the text, it refers to three parallel solutions. For example, "and / or" includes solution 1, solution 2, and solution 3, which simultaneously satisfy the above conditions. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0024] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 The first embodiment of the present invention is a dual-beam microstrip antenna, which is particularly suitable for 5G communication systems.

[0027] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the dual-beam microstrip antenna includes a first substrate layer 1 and a second substrate layer 2. The first substrate layer 1 has a SIW waveguide structure and a feed line 4 for powering the SIW waveguide structure. The second substrate layer 2 is located above the first substrate layer 1 and connects the top surface of the first substrate layer 1 and / or the SIW waveguide structure. A microstrip antenna 5 is provided on the top surface of the second substrate layer 2. The SIW waveguide structure has a coupling slot 311 for coupling the microstrip antenna 5. The microstrip antenna 5 includes a central axis portion 51, which is a long rectangular strip. Symmetrically arranged rectangular portions 52 are located on both sides of the central axis portion 51. A gap 53 exists between the central axis portion 51 and the rectangular portion 52, meaning that the central axis portion 51 and the rectangular portion 52 do not contact each other. The length direction of the rectangular portion 52 is consistent with the length direction of the central axis portion 51. The upper end of the central axis portion 51 protrudes relative to the upper end of the rectangular portion 52, and the lower end of the central axis portion 51 protrudes relative to the lower end of the rectangular portion 52. A notch 521 is provided in the middle region of the side of the rectangular portion 52 away from the central axis portion 51. Two separation gaps 522 are provided at the two corners of the side of the rectangular portion 52 away from the central axis portion 51, and the separation gaps 522 separate the corresponding corners from the other regions of the rectangular portion 52.

[0028] It should be noted that the upper and lower ends of the central shaft portion 51 are based on Figure 2 As shown, in Figure 2 In this context, the upper end of the central shaft portion 51 is its upper end, and the lower end of the central shaft portion 51 is its lower end. Similarly, the same applies to the rectangular portion 52.

[0029] On the rectangular portion 52, one of the dividing slits 522 connects the side of the rectangular portion 52 away from the central axis portion 51 and the upper end of the rectangular portion 52, and the other dividing slit 522 connects the side of the rectangular portion 52 away from the central axis portion 51 and the lower end of the rectangular portion 52. The presence of the two dividing slits 522 on the rectangular portion 52 separates the two corners of the rectangular portion 52 away from the central axis portion 51 from the other areas of the rectangular portion 52, and the other areas of the rectangular portion 52 are roughly convex in shape with a missing area at the top.

[0030] In this embodiment, the dividing gap 522 is generally L-shaped. In other embodiments, the dividing gap 522 may also be arc-shaped, and the specific shape can be adjusted according to the debugging results. The notch 521 is rectangular, and the length direction of the notch 521 is perpendicular to the length direction of the central axis portion 51. In other embodiments, the notch 521 may also be other shapes, such as triangles, semicircles, etc., and the specific shape can be adjusted according to the debugging results.

[0031] In this embodiment, the dimensions of the microstrip antenna 5 in the dual-beam microstrip antenna are as follows: the distance between the mutually distant sides of the two rectangular portions 52 is 8.3 mm, and the distance between the upper and lower ends of the rectangular portions 52 is 7.5 mm; the length of the central axis portion 51 is 7.9 mm, and the width is 0.5 mm; the gap 53 between the central axis portion 51 and the rectangular portions 52 is 0.2 mm; the width of the L-shaped dividing slit 522 is 0.1 mm, the length of the dividing slit 522 along the length direction of the central axis portion 51 is 1.5 mm, and the length along the width direction of the central axis portion 51 is 2.1 mm; the length of the notch 521 is 1.6 mm, the width is 1 mm, and the distance from the notch 521 to the upper end of the rectangular portion 52 is 3.15 mm.

[0032] The length direction of the coupling gap 311 is perpendicular to the length direction of the central shaft portion 51. In this embodiment, there are two coupling gaps 311, and the two coupling gaps 311 are arranged in parallel. Figure 2 From the viewpoint shown, the notch 521 is positioned between the two coupling gaps 311.

[0033] Furthermore, the SIW waveguide structure includes a first metal layer 31, a second metal layer 32, and a plurality of metallized holes 33. The first metal layer 31 is located between the first substrate layer 1 and the second substrate layer 2. The coupling gap 311 is disposed on the first metal layer 31. The feed wire 4 is disposed on the top surface of the first substrate layer 1 and is connected to the first metal layer 31. The second metal layer 32 is disposed on the bottom surface of the first substrate layer 1. The first metal layer 31 and the second metal layer 32 are connected through the metallized holes 33. When viewed from above, the plurality of metallized holes 33 are arranged around the microstrip antenna 5.

[0034] The thickness of the first substrate layer 1 and the thickness of the second substrate layer 2 are both greater than or equal to 0.06λ. In this embodiment, the thickness of the first substrate layer 1 and the thickness of the second substrate layer 2 are both 0.08λ, where λ is the operating wavelength of the dual-beam microstrip antenna. Specifically, the first substrate layer 1 and the second substrate layer 2 are both 0.8mm thick Rogers 5880 substrates.

[0035] Next, the inventor will elaborate on the design concept of this technical solution:

[0036] When the microstrip antenna is a single, complete rectangular piece, its operating mode is TM01 / TM10. In this mode, the microstrip antenna has only one beam, and its S-parameter diagram is shown below. Figure 3 As shown in A;

[0037] The inventors discovered that by creating a slot in the middle of the aforementioned rectangular microstrip antenna, placing a central axis within the slot, and extending both ends of the central axis, the microstrip antenna could excite the TM02 mode. However, in this case, the operating frequency of the microstrip antenna was too high and the bandwidth was narrow, as shown in the S-parameter diagram. Figure 3 As shown in B;

[0038] Next, the inventor trimmed the edges of the rectangular section to create a notch. At this point, the operating frequency of the microstrip antenna was reduced, and its S-parameter diagram is shown below. Figure 3 As shown in C;

[0039] Then, the inventors discovered that the current distribution of the antenna was mainly concentrated at the corners of the rectangular section. After dividing the corners of the rectangular section to form a dividing gap, they found that the bandwidth of the microstrip antenna was widened, and its S-parameter diagram is shown below. Figure 3 As shown in D.

[0040] Finally, by adjusting the dimensions of the microstrip antenna, this dual-beam microstrip antenna can effectively cover the operating frequencies of the N257 and N261, and its radiation pattern is shown below. Figure 4 As shown.

[0041] The above are merely optional embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-beam microstrip antenna, characterized by: The device includes a first substrate layer and a second substrate layer. The first substrate layer has a SIW waveguide structure and a feed line for powering the SIW waveguide structure. The second substrate layer is located above the first substrate layer and connects the top surface of the first substrate layer and / or the SIW waveguide structure. A microstrip antenna is provided on the top surface of the second substrate layer. The SIW waveguide structure has a coupling slot for coupling the microstrip antenna. The microstrip antenna includes a central axis portion. The two sides of the central axis portion have symmetrically arranged rectangular portions. The length direction of the rectangular portions is consistent with the length direction of the central axis portion. The upper end of the central axis portion protrudes relative to the upper end of the rectangular portions, and the lower end of the central axis portion protrudes relative to the lower end of the rectangular portions. A notch is provided in the middle region of the side of the rectangular portion away from the central axis portion. Two separation slots are provided at the two corners of the side of the rectangular portion away from the central axis portion, and the separation slots separate the corresponding corners from the other regions of the rectangular portion.

2. The dual-beam microstrip antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: On the rectangular portion, one of the dividing gaps connects the side of the rectangular portion away from the central axis and the upper end of the rectangular portion, and the other dividing gap connects the side of the rectangular portion away from the central axis and the lower end of the rectangular portion.

3. The dual-beam microstrip antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dividing gaps are arc-shaped or L-shaped.

4. The dual-beam microstrip antenna of claim 1, wherein: There is a gap between the central axis portion and the rectangular portion.

5. The dual-beam microstrip antenna of claim 1, wherein: The length direction of the coupling gap is perpendicular to the length direction of the central axis.

6. The dual-beam microstrip antenna of claim 1, wherein: The number of coupling gaps is two, and the two coupling gaps are arranged in parallel.

7. The dual-beam microstrip antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that: The notch corresponds to the space between the two coupling gaps.

8. The dual-beam microstrip antenna of claim 1, wherein: The SIW waveguide structure includes a first metal layer, a second metal layer, and multiple metallized vias. The first metal layer is located between the first substrate layer and the second substrate layer. The coupling slot is disposed on the first metal layer. The feed wire is disposed on the top surface of the first substrate layer and is connected to the first metal layer. The second metal layer is disposed on the bottom surface of the first substrate layer, and the first metal layer and the second metal layer are connected through the metallized holes. When viewed from above, a plurality of the metallized holes are arranged around the microstrip antenna.

9. The dual-beam microstrip antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gap is rectangular.

10. The dual-beam microstrip antenna of claim 1, wherein: The central axis portion is rectangular.

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