Electric motorized watercraft and drivetrain system

Abstract

In one aspect of the application, a modular electric motorized watercraft (10) is provided, the watercraft comprising a hull module (20) and a drivetrain system (60). The drivetrain system (60) comprises an electric power module (50) and a drivetrain module (30). The drivetrain module (30) is configured to be arranged at a bottom side of the hull module (20).

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present invention relates to watercrafts. In particular, the present invention relates to an electric motor driven watercraft system and a drivetrain system, more in particular to a modular electric motor driven watercraft system and a modular drivetrain system. BACKGROUND

[0002] There are only a few existing electric watercrafts on the market. There are different solutions on how to mount the motor on the watercraft. Some solutions are integrated and some are detachable. Furthermore, there are different setups with integrated or detachable batteries. SUMMARY

[0003] It is an object of the present invention to provide a simple watercraft solution that enables a higher level of modularity than existing solutions.

[0004] It is a further object of the present invention to provide a drivetrain module that facilitates an improved efficiency and maneuverability of the watercraft.

[0005] These and further objects, which will become apparent from the following description, have been achieved by the present invention defined in the independent claims. The dependent claims relate to preferred embodiments of the present invention.

[0006] In a first aspect of the present invention, a simple modular solution is provided, wherein the drivetrain, the hull and the electronics are independent parts. The drivetrain module can comprise two sub-modules. The hull is only a dead body, so that the electric devices and the propulsion system can work together externally and can be used on different types of bodies. This greatly facilitates the assembly and maintenance of the watercraft. It also enables easy customization of the watercraft with different sizes of hulls, propulsion devices, batteries and motors.

[0007] The drivetrain unit or module can also be equipped with hydrofoils wings and can be lifted above the water enabling the watercraft to ride above the water, thus enabling a smaller water resistance and thus reducing the energy consumption of the watercraft, also increasing the speed of the watercraft.

[0008] The present invention solves the aforementioned problems with known solutions by the unique features of the present invention described in the following. The present invention enables a higher level of modularity than existing solutions.

[0009] The present invention can comprise three main parts: a hull module, an electronics box (also referred to herein as a power module) and a drivetrain module. The hull is also designed with very low complexity, so that the manufacturing process only includes the production of a solid body. The hull does not have any waterproof compartments for electronics, motors or gasoline, etc.

[0010] The electronics box is the energy source, most of the electronics are installed in the electronics box. The electronics include battery cells, computers, battery management systems and switches etc. The composition of the electronics can vary. The box can be designed in any material.

[0011] The electronics box can be constructed with or without an active cooling system. This means that the box can include a mechanical cooling system as well as cooling by natural convection.

[0012] The motor is installed in a watertight container or housing. The motor is positioned underneath the watercraft. The motor can be connected to the propulsion member by means of a shaft. The motor can be constructed with or without an active cooling system. This means that the motor can include a mechanical cooling system as well as cooling by natural convection.

[0013] The system can be used in any type of watercraft, for example, the system can be used in a hydrofoil type watercraft, an electric surfboard, a jet ski, a water drone, an underwater drone, an underwater vehicle, an underwater personal vehicle, a submarine and a boat.

[0014] The watercraft can be manufactured by combining three independent subassemblies in the form of modules (hull, drivetrain, battery pack) into one complete functional watercraft, and is therefore based on modularity. Thus, different hulls can be used with the same drivetrain module. The hull of the invention can consist of one solid body. The three main parts can be manufactured and assembled individually, which facilitates maintenance and repair. Different parts can also be maintained and repaired individually. Aspects of the invention enable the electrical parts not to be integrated in the hull. The battery can be connected directly to the drivetrain module by means of a watertight blind mate connector. The drivetrain can comprise one or more electric motors.

[0015] The battery can also be excited when connected to an additional exciter of the drivetrain - for example, a magnet inside the hull can be placed which is read by a Hall sensor inside the battery. The electronics box can include or not include an electronic speed controller. The drivetrain can include or not include an electronic speed controller. In the case where the subassemblies constituting the independent drivetrain module include an electronic speed controller (ESC), the ESC can be provided in the form of a sub-module of the drivetrain module. Thus, the drivetrain module can comprise two sub-modules. The two sub-modules can be connected, for example, by means of a watertight connection, which can comprise a watertight plug-and-socket arrangement.

[0016] The drivetrain module is connected to the power module by means of a single connection device, such as a watertight plug-and-socket arrangement, which is suitable for transmitting both data and power.

[0017] The electronics box can have active or passive cooling provided by surrounding water or air. The drivetrain unit can have active or passive cooling provided by surrounding water or air. The drivetrain can be fitted with hydrofoils and a mast to enable hydrofoil foiling ride of the watercraft.

[0018] In a second aspect of the invention, a modular electric motorized watercraft is provided, the watercraft comprising a hull module, an electric power module and a drivetrain module; wherein the hull module is independently watertight, wherein the electric power module and the drivetrain module are adapted to be mechanically detachably attached to the hull module and to form a direct electrical connection and a direct mechanical connection to each other, respectively. In a third aspect, the watercraft is constituted by the hull module, the electric power module and the drivetrain module.

[0019] In a fourth aspect, a modular electric motorized watercraft is provided, the watercraft comprising a hull module and a drivetrain system. The drivetrain system comprises an electric power module and a drivetrain module. The drivetrain module can be configured to be arranged on or at a bottom side of the hull module.

[0020] Embodiments of the above aspects will now be further elucidated.

[0021] In an embodiment, the drivetrain module extends from a lower outer side of the hull module.

[0022] The drivetrain module can be submerged in the surrounding fluid during operation of the watercraft.

[0023] In an embodiment, the drivetrain module is detachably attached to an outer side of the hull module.

[0024] The electric power module can be detachably attached to an outer side of the hull module and forms an outer side of the watercraft.

[0025] The electric power module and the drivetrain module can be detachably attached on adjacent sides of the hull module.

[0026] In an embodiment, the drivetrain module comprises a motor in driving connection with a propulsion member by means of a drive shaft, the propulsion member being arranged at a rear end of the watercraft, the motor being arranged at an axial distance from the propulsion member.

[0027] The motor and the propulsion member can be separated by a gap over which the drive shaft extends.

[0028] In an embodiment, the gap has a length l that is adapted to allow water to enter the propulsion member in a direction substantially parallel to the drive shaft during operation of the watercraft.

[0029] The drive train module and the power module can form a propulsion system that can be operated independently from the hull module.

[0030] In one embodiment, the hull module comprises a through hole extending from an upper side of the hull module to a lower side of the hull module.

[0031] The hull module can be waterproof.

[0032] In one embodiment, the outer side of the hull module is configured to receive the power module, preferably the hull module comprises a compartment adapted to slidably receive the power module.

[0033] The watercraft can be a personal transportation and / or recreational and / or sports watercraft.

[0034] In one embodiment, the drive train module comprises a hull connection for mechanical connection to the outer side of the hull module.

[0035] All electrical components can be integrated in the drive train system, if desired.

[0036] In one embodiment, the power module is directly connected to the drive train module by means of a waterproof blind mate connector.

[0037] The drive train module can have more than one electric motor.

[0038] In one embodiment, the power module is activated by means of a magnet read by a Hall sensor when connected to the drive train module.

[0039] The power module and / or the drive train module can comprise a speed controller.

[0040] In one embodiment, the watercraft is controlled by means of a remote control.

[0041] The drive train module can comprise a hydrofoil wing and a mast to enable hydrofoil riding of the watercraft.

[0042] In one aspect, the present invention relates to a hull module for use in a watercraft according to any one of the preceding aspects.

[0043] In one aspect, the present invention relates to a drive train module for use in a watercraft according to any one of the preceding aspects.

[0044] In one aspect, the present invention relates to a power module for use in a watercraft according to any one of the preceding aspects.

[0045] In one embodiment, the hull module can be waterproof but not buoyant during operation in water, for example in case the watercraft is an underwater personal vehicle.

[0046] The housing module, the power module and the drive train module can each be independently waterproof.

[0047] The drive train module can be operable outside the housing module during operation of the watercraft. The drive train module can be operable independently of the housing module. The drive train system can be drivable independently of the housing module. The housing module can be independently waterproof.

[0048] The power module and the drive train module can be respectively configured to establish an electrical connection and a releasable mechanical connection to each other.

[0049] Each of the power module and / or the drive train module can comprise respective electrical connection means and releasable mechanical connection means for connecting to each other. The electrical connection means and / or the releasable mechanical connection means can be provided outside the housing module of the watercraft.

[0050] The electrical connection means and / or the releasable mechanical connection means can be provided in a compartment of the watercraft. The mechanical connection can comprise a watertight connection. The mechanical connection can comprise a watertight connection provided inside a through hole or in the compartment.

[0051] The mechanical connection can physically and sealingly connect and hold the power module and the drive train module together.

[0052] The electrical connection means and the releasable mechanical connection means can comprise a waterproof blind mate connection configured to connect the power module to the drive train module while the power module is received in the compartment.

[0053] The connection means are arranged on an electronic speed controller of the drive train module.

[0054] In one embodiment, the power module is simultaneously connected to the housing module and to the drive train module.

[0055] The power module can be configured to be simultaneously mechanically connected to the housing module and mechanically and electrically connected to the drive train module.

[0056] The power module can be configured to be installed on an opposite side of the watercraft from the drive train module.

[0057] A housing module is disclosed herein. In one aspect, the invention relates to a housing module, in particular for a watercraft according to any one of the preceding aspects.

[0058] The housing module can not have any waterproof compartment for electronic devices, motors or gasoline, etc.

[0059] The housing module can be configured to receive the power module.

[0060] The housing module and / or the power module and / or the drivetrain module can be independently waterproofed. The motor is mounted in a waterproof container or housing of the drivetrain module.

[0061] The housing module is a hollow shell type housing, independently waterproofed or hermetically sealed. An outer surface - preferably an upper surface - of the housing module can comprise a shelf-like compartment configured to receive and hold the power module.

[0062] In one embodiment, no electrical parts are integrated in the housing module. The power module comprises battery cells, a computer, a battery management system, switches.

[0063] The longitudinal axis of the recess can be substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the drivetrain module. The recess can enclose substantially half of a substantially cylindrical portion of the drivetrain module comprising the motor housing.

[0064] The recess can enclose substantially half of a nacelle of the drivetrain module housing an impeller. The recess can comprise a semi-circular / half cylindrical shape.

[0065] A surface of the housing module adjacent to the recess can comprise a flat edge to form a smooth transition between the surface of the housing module and the recess.

[0066] The bottom side of the housing module can comprise an elongated recess or recess portion extending in a longitudinal direction of said housing module and configured to receive the drivetrain module.

[0067] The outer side of the housing module can form a compartment configured to receive the power module.

[0068] The compartment can open to the ambient environment / constitute a recess in the housing module opening to the ambient environment. The compartment does not comprise a closed compartment.

[0069] The compartment can be configured to provide passive water cooling for the power module when the power module is received in the compartment.

[0070] The compartment can be configured to allow water to flow in the compartment when the power module is received in the compartment, thus at least partially submerging the power module.

[0071] Cooling water flowing into the compartment can be allowed to exit the housing module via a through hole. Thus, the through hole can be arranged to exit cooling water flowing into the compartment through the housing module.

[0072] The housing module can comprise at least one through hole extending through the housing module.

[0073] The through hole can be adapted to receive a connector of the drivetrain module.

[0074] The through hole can extend from an upper surface of the housing module to a bottom surface of the housing module. The through hole can provide an opening for making mechanical and electrical connections between the power module and the drivetrain module therethrough.

[0075] An inner surface of the through hole can constitute an outer surface of the housing module such that water is not allowed to enter the housing module.

[0076] The power module and the drivetrain module can be electrically and mechanically connected via the through hole.

[0077] The through hole can be formed by removing material from an edge of the housing module, preferably substantially centrally laterally. The through hole can fluidly connect an upper side of the housing module with a lower side.

[0078] The through hole can comprise a circumferential rim. The housing module can continuously extend around the through hole. The power module and the drivetrain module can be electrically and mechanically connected outside the housing module.

[0079] The power module and / or the drivetrain module can extend at least partially into the through hole. The through hole opens into and / or communicates with the chamber.

[0080] The power module and / or the drivetrain module can extend at least partially into the through hole. The drivetrain module can extend into the chamber.

[0081] The through hole provides a passage for cooling water through the housing module.

[0082] Water accumulated in the chamber can be drained via the through hole to provide passive cooling to the drivetrain module.

[0083] The drivetrain system can be operable independently of the housing module.

[0084] The power module and the drivetrain module can each independently be waterproof.

[0085] The modules can be individual parts. Substantially the entire drivetrain module can be submerged in the surrounding fluid during operation of the watercraft. The modules can constitute independent subassemblies in the form of modules that can be assembled into a complete functional watercraft. Electrical parts can not be integrated in the housing module.

[0086] In one aspect, a drivetrain system is provided, in particular for a housing module of a watercraft as disclosed herein. The drivetrain system comprises a power module and a drivetrain module. The drivetrain module is configured to be mounted at a bottom side of a housing module of a watercraft. The drivetrain system can be independently waterproof and can be independently operable. The power module and the drivetrain module can be configured to work together outside the housing module.

[0087] One or more of these modules can be independent subassemblies and / or independent parts, with each independent subassembly having its own respective housing.

[0088] Disclosed herein is an electric power module. In one aspect, the invention relates to an electric power module, in particular for a watercraft according to any one of the preceding aspects.

[0089] All necessary electrical components can be integrated in the drivetrain system.

[0090] The electric power module can be detachably attached to the outside of the hull module and forms the outside of the watercraft. The electric power module and the drivetrain module can be detachably attached on opposite sides of said hull module.

[0091] Disclosed herein is a drivetrain module. In one aspect, the invention relates to a drivetrain module, in particular for a watercraft according to any one of the preceding aspects.

[0092] The drivetrain module according to the present disclosure contributes to improving the efficiency and maneuverability of the watercraft.

[0093] In one aspect, a drivetrain module is provided.

[0094] The drivetrain module can comprise at least one motor in drivetrain connection with a respective propulsion member by means of a driveshaft. The propulsion member can be arranged on the driveshaft. The propulsion member can be provided at the rear end of the watercraft. The motor can be provided at an axial distance from the propulsion member. The drivetrain module comprises a housing or nacelle surrounding the propulsion member.

[0095] The drivetrain module can comprise an electronic speed controller (ESC) configured to be arranged at a lower portion of the watercraft. The drivetrain module can comprise an electronic speed controller (ESC) configured to be arranged at a lower portion of the watercraft directly below a through hole of the watercraft.

[0096] The drivetrain module can comprise a water injection device, as will be explained herein.

[0097] The drivetrain module can comprise an impeller, a stator and a nozzle arranged in a sequential order to form a water injection device and an optional inlet guide vane arranged upstream of the impeller. The diameter of the nacelle can be larger than the diameter of the motor housing. The drivetrain system can have an electronic speed controller (ESC) constituting a sub-module of the drivetrain module.

[0098] The housing or nacelle and the motor are each attached to a hull connection that fixes the position of the nacelle and the motor.

[0099] The pod and the motor unit are not in direct contact with each other. The motor and the propulsion member are separated by a gap having a length λ.

[0100] The propulsion member can be in the form of an impeller, the pod can comprise a stator downstream of the impeller, the pod can form a nozzle portion downstream of the stator. The connector means of the drivetrain module can be received in the power module.

[0101] The drivetrain module can comprise a hydrofoil wing and a strut to enable hydrofoil riding of the watercraft.

[0102] Prior art water injection devices generally suffer from efficiency and maneuverability drawbacks. When a water injection device is provided inside a hull module, such as for a known water jet ski, the configuration requires that water drawn in by the impeller is diverted from a direction parallel to the direction of the watercraft, up into a channel or duct formed inside the hull, before being diverted to flow in a direction parallel to the direction of the watercraft before being injected. Although it is generally advantageous in terms of efficiency to provide a straight fluid flow before the impeller, the drawback of this configuration is that the diversion of the water flow, i.e. the deflection, reduces the efficiency of the water injection. Additionally, since the drive motor cannot be arranged in the channel, the drive motor must be arranged inside the hull module. On the other hand, the water jet ski can be provided with a hydrodynamic bottom surface, which is advantageous in terms of energy loss.

[0103] Some propulsion modules can be mounted outside the hull module of a watercraft, thus generally not involving the above-mentioned problems. However, this arrangement creates a clear disadvantage in terms of hydrodynamic performance due to the protrusion of the propulsion module below the hull. Furthermore, the present invention has recognized that this configuration impairs the maneuverability of the watercraft, particularly in the case where the propulsion module is mounted on a hull module in the form of a deck. The present invention has employed a number of inventive features in order to overcome or at least mitigate the above-mentioned problems. Firstly, as will be explained herein, the drive train module according to aspects of the present disclosure is configured to be mounted proximate to the hull module, preferably the drive train module is configured to be at least partially received in the hull module. Secondly, the impeller is separated from the motor by a water-filled gap which provides space for water to be drawn in by the impeller to naturally and unforcedly assume a flow direction parallel to the velocity direction of the deck and / or parallel to the direction of flow through the nacelle housing the impeller. This is possible because only the drive shaft extends through the gap. In order to facilitate the gap, the motor housing and the nacelle do not contact each other, but are independently mounted to a mounting rail / guide rail or hull connection, alternatively, independently mounted to the hull module. The independent mounting facilitates the motor and the nacelle both to be rigidly attached in their respective positions, thus can withstand forces without needing to shift or pivot. A further feature includes a portion of the motor housing or drive train module upstream of and adjacent to the gap being provided with a conical shape from the end of which the drive shaft protrudes. The conical shape provides a hydrodynamic shape as well as facilitates the water to be drawn in to assume said parallel flow direction without causing turbulence and other losses due to deflection, as well as sharp edges, etc. The length of the gap thus created between the conical shape and the nacelle corresponds approximately to the longitudinal length of the conical shape.

[0104] The disclosed gap is also configured to cooperate with the hull module. In particular, the gap is configured to cooperate with a cavity formed in the hull module. The cavity is preferably provided in the hull module adjacent to the gap, in particular, the cavity can be provided below the waterline of the watercraft. Thus, the water to be drawn in by the impeller will naturally flow into the cavity. In particular, the cavity facilitates the absence of an obstruction in an area upstream of the nacelle which is larger than the inlet of the nacelle. This configuration facilitates that a larger flow of water can enter the nacelle without causing increased losses. The cavity will be further explained herein.

[0105] In one aspect, the present application relates to a method of assembling a modular electrically powered watercraft, the electrically powered watercraft comprising a hull module, a drivetrain module and a power module, the method comprising the steps of: receiving requirements related to desired functionality of the watercraft; selecting the hull module from a group comprising or consisting of: a hydrofoil watercraft, a surfboard, a jet ski, a water drone, an underwater drone, an underwater vehicle, an underwater personal vehicle, a submarine, a boat; selecting the drivetrain module; detachably attaching the drivetrain module to the hull module; selecting the power module; detachably attaching the power module to the hull module; connecting the selected power module to the selected drivetrain module.

[0106] The above-described embodiments are not to be interpreted as limiting the present application, rather, these embodiments and aspects can be combined to produce additional embodiments.

[0107] Further advantages and aspects will be described hereinafter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0108] Embodiments of the present application will be described in further detail below, by way of non-limiting examples, and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0109] Figure 1 A perspective side view of a watercraft according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0110] Figure 2 An assembly view of an embodiment of Figure 1 is shown.

[0111] Figure 3 A drivetrain system according to one embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0112] Figure 4 An isometric view of a drivetrain module according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0113] Figure 5 An isometric top view of a hull module according to an embodiment is shown.

[0114] Figure 6 An isometric top view of a hull module according to an embodiment and a drivetrain module according to an embodiment assembled to the hull module according to an embodiment is shown.

[0115] Figure 7 An isometric top view of a hull module according to an embodiment and a power module according to an embodiment assembled to the hull module according to an embodiment is shown.

[0116] Figure 8 A perspective side view of a watercraft according to an embodiment is shown.

[0117] Figure 9 An isometric bottom view of a watercraft according to an embodiment is shown.

[0118] Figure 10a A schematic cross-sectional view along line A-A of Figure 9

[0119] Figure 10b A schematic cross-sectional view along line B-B of Figure 9

[0120] Figure 11 A detail of a hull module and a drivetrain module according to an embodiment is shown.

[0121] Figure 12a A schematic legend for fluid flow.

[0122] Figure 12b Another schematic legend for fluid flow.

[0123] Figure 13 A schematic legend for water jetting according to an embodiment is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0124] The present invention will now be explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0125] Figure 1 A watercraft 10 according to one embodiment of the present invention is shown, wherein the hull module 20 of the watercraft 10 is in the form of a deck. According to a general aspect, the hull module 20 is fluid-tight or watertight. In this particular embodiment, the deck is itself buoyant by virtue of its own merits and can comprise a hollow shell type hull. The hull module 20 has a front end 22 and a rear end 21, between which the hull extends.

[0126] The hull module 20 comprises means for receiving the power module 50, which here is in the form of a shelf-like compartment 24, facilitating that the power module 50 is safely received and held in the hull module 20 without risk of displacement during operation of the watercraft 10. The power module 50 can comprise a shape corresponding to the outer surface of the hull module, such as a top portion, thus becoming flush with the edges of the hull module 20 and / or the compartment 24 when attached thereto. Attachment means 23, 53 can be provided in the hull module 20 and / or on the power module 50 for detachably attaching the power module 50 to the hull module 20. The attachment means 23, 53 can comprise releasable attachment means, such as snap-on functional means.

[0127] ​​The cabin 24 thus constitutes an outer surface of the housing module 20, which can abut the power module 50. Preferably, the power module 50 is arranged to be flush with the upper surface of the housing module 20 when the power module 50 is received in the housing module 50.

[0128] The through hole 11 in the form of a through hole extends through the housing module 20. Thus, the inner surface of the through hole 11 constitutes an outer surface of the housing module 20, such that water does not enter the housing module. According to some aspects, the housing module is independently water-tight or air-tight sealed. Thus, the housing module 20 can be buoyant regardless of the orientation of the housing module 20 relative to water.

[0129] The through hole 11 is adapted to receive a connector 35 of the drive train module 30. The drive train module 30 is adapted to be attached to the bottom outer surface of the housing module 20. Thus, the entire drive train module 30 is submerged in a fluid such as water during operation of the watercraft 10. The drive train module and / or the power module 50 can comprise power electronics for operating the watercraft. Such power electronics are known in the art and are not the subject of the present disclosure.

[0130] The drive train module 30 comprises at least one motor 31 in drive connection with at least one propulsion member 32, 139 via at least one drive shaft 33. The motor 31 can be comprised in a motor unit, which can further comprise power electronics. The propulsion member 32 can for example comprise one or more propellers. The drive train module 30 can comprise a housing or a pod surrounding the propulsion member.

[0131] The propulsion member 32 and the motor 31 are separated by a gap or clearance having a length λ. The clearance can be in the form of an interspace 52, i.e. an interspace between the motor 31 and the impeller 139 or the pod 40. The housing 40 and the motor 31 are each attached to a housing connection 34, which fixes the position of the housing 40 and the motor 31 relative to each other. Thus, according to some aspects, the housing 40 and the motor unit 31 are not in direct contact with each other.

[0132] Figure 2 A watercraft 10 is described in connection with Figure 1 The watercraft is assembled in Figure 2 The drive train module 30 is attached to the bottom of the housing module 20 such that substantially the entire drive train module 20 or the entire drive train module 20 is submerged during operation, i.e. when the watercraft enters the water.

[0133] During operation, water will provide passive water cooling to the drive train module 20 and in particular to the motor 31. However, due to the water speed generated by the watercraft, the water flowing around the drive train module 20 will provide effective cooling.

[0134] It is noted that due to the gap 52 of length λ, it is advantageous that water enters the propulsion member 31 at an advantageous angle with respect to the pitch of the propeller of the propulsion member, i.e. the blades of the propulsion member 31. Thus, water can enter the housing 40 and / or the propulsion member 31 in a direction substantially parallel to the transmission shaft 33, thus increasing the efficiency and performance of the driveline system 60, i.e. by enabling a greater speed of the watercraft 10. The length λ can correspond to about 5% to 50%, preferably about 10% to 30% of the length of the driveline module.

[0135] The watercraft 10 can be controlled by various means, such as a speed controller, provided on the electric power module 50 and / or the driveline module 30. The watercraft 10 can also be controlled via remote control, e.g. by means of a remote control unit 70.

[0136] The watercraft 10 can be suitable for personal transportation or leisure. For example, a user can stand on the deck or lie on the deck during operation. In a further example, a user can lie on the deck and control the watercraft by operating the remote control unit 70.

[0137] Figure 3 A driveline system 60 is shown, formed by the driveline module 30 and the electric power module 50. The driveline system 60 is operable independently of the hull module 20. One possible interpretation of the term "operable" is that the driveline system 60 is self-sustained in terms of providing an active driveline, i.e. including power supply in the form of the electric power module 50, conversion of electrical power to kinetic energy by means of the motor 31, and conversion of electrical power to propulsive force by means of the propulsion member 32.

[0138] Figure 4 A further embodiment of the driveline module invention is shown, which, unless explicitly stated, comprises the same features as the driveline module already described with respect to Figure 1 to Figure 3 the first embodiment.

[0139] In Figure 4 the embodiment, the driveline module comprises a mast 38 and a hydrofoil wing 39. The mast 38 and the wing 39 facilitate that the watercraft 10 can lift to some extent above the water, to enable the watercraft 10 to ride above the water, thus enabling a reduction of the resistance in the water, thus reducing the energy consumption of the watercraft 10, and also increasing the speed of the watercraft 10.

[0140] According to one aspect, the present application relates to a method of assembling a modular electrically powered watercraft 10. The electrically powered watercraft 10 comprises a hull module, a drivetrain module and a power module. The method can comprise the steps of: receiving requirements relating to desired functionality of the watercraft; selecting a hull module from a group comprising: a hydrofoil watercraft, a surfboard, a jet ski, a water drone, an underwater drone, a submarine or a boat; detachably attaching a drivetrain module to the hull module; detachably attaching the power module to the hull module; connecting the power module to the drivetrain module. According to some aspects of the method, the watercraft 10 is composed of a hull module, a power module and a drivetrain module.

[0141] In a simple form of the application, the modular electrically powered watercraft 10 comprises a hull module 20 and Figure 3 a drivetrain system 60 as shown in Fig. 1. The drivetrain system 60 comprises a power module 50 and a drivetrain module 30. The drivetrain system 60 is operable independently of the hull module 20. Thus, the drivetrain system 60 is completely waterproof in the assembled state. This feature has the advantage that the drivetrain system 60 can be operated outside the hull module 20 during operation of the watercraft 10, so that electrical components or components necessary for the basic functionality of the watercraft do not have to be integrated in the hull module. Thus, the hull module 20 can comprise only a load bearing outer shell. The drivetrain module 30 is adapted to be attached to the underside of the hull module, typically to the bottom outer surface of the hull module 20. In particular, the motor 31 is arranged in the lower part of the watercraft 10.

[0142] The hull module 20 is preferably independently waterproof, and can also be independently buoyant, i.e. the hull module can in some embodiments be non-buoyant, for example if the watercraft is an underwater vehicle. In addition, the power module 50 and the drivetrain module 30 can each be independently waterproof.

[0143] The modules 20, 30, 50 can constitute individual parts. These modules constitute independent subassemblies in the form of modules that can be assembled into a complete functional watercraft.

[0144] The drivetrain module 30 and the power module 50 can be completely connected by means of a single connector 35, for example a plug and socket arrangement.

[0145] The watercraft 10 can comprise one or more drivetrain modules 30 connected to the hull module 20.

[0146] Basically, the entire driveline module 30 is submerged in the surrounding fluid during operation of the watercraft 10. The driveline module 30 comprises a water jet device 137 comprising at least one impeller in driving connection with a motor 31 of the driveline module 30 via a drive shaft 33. The motor 31, the shaft 33 and the water jet device 137 are preferably arranged in line. The motor 31 is arranged at an axial distance from the propulsion member 32. In particular, the motor 31 and the water jet device 137 are preferably completely submerged during operation of the watercraft 10. However, as will be further explained herein, a connection device in the form of a connector 35 can extend from the driveline module 30 upward into the hull module 20, preferably through the hull module 20 via a through hole 11. One possible meaning of the term "through hole" is that the through hole extends through the entire entity, i.e. in this case through the entire entity of the hull module 20.

[0147] The power module 50 and the driveline module 30 are each configured to establish an electrical connection with each other and a mechanical connection with each other, preferably a releasable mechanical connection with each other.

[0148] The power module 50 is configured to attach an outer side of the hull module 20, thus forming an outer side of said watercraft 10, typically an upper side of the watercraft 10, on which surface a user of the watercraft 10 can be positioned.

[0149] The power module 50 and the driveline module 30 can be detachably attached on opposite sides of said hull module 20. This facilitates that the power module 50 can easily be switched to another power module, e.g. when the battery is depleted, without the need to pivot or turn the hull module 20, e.g. while floating on water.

[0150] The driveline module 30 comprises at least one motor 31 in driving connection with a respective propulsion member 32 by means of a drive shaft 33, and preferably the propulsion member 32 is arranged at the rear end 21 of the watercraft 10. As will be further explained herein, the propulsion member 32 can be an impeller of a water jet device 137.

[0151] As mentioned, the hull module 20 comprises at least one through hole 11 extending through said hull module 20, as can be gathered from, among others, Figure 1 and Figure 5 The through hole 11 can extend from an upper side of said hull module 20 to a lower side of said hull module 20.

[0152] This configuration has a number of advantageous effects, as will be apparent from the present text. As mentioned, this configuration facilitates that the power module 50 can be switched to a new power module without the need to pivot the hull module 20.

[0153] The through hole 11 is suitable for facilitating the connection between the power module 50 and the drivetrain module 30. In some embodiments, the through hole 11 receives a connector 35 of the drivetrain module 30.

[0154] Thus, the through hole 11 provides an opening for mechanical and electrical connection therethrough, thus mechanical and electrical connection between the power module 50 and the drivetrain module 30, which is facilitated by the fact that Figure 1 and Figure 6 are shown.

[0155] The housing module 20 is configured to receive the power module 50, as shown in Figure 7 The outer side of the housing module 20 can form an open compartment 24 in the form of an open basin 24, configured to receive the power module 50, preferably from above the housing module 20. The compartment 24 is shown in Figure 5 Thus, the inner walls of the compartment will prevent the power module from moving or shifting sideways.

[0156] The drivetrain module 30 can comprise an electronic speed controller 36 (ESC). In some embodiments, the ESC 36 is provided in a portion of the drivetrain module directly vertically below the through hole 11. Said portion of the drivetrain module 30 can comprise the connector 35. This has the effect that the ESC will be passively cooled by means of water flowing from the through hole 11 under the influence of gravity. This effect is achieved because, also during operation of the watercraft 10, the through hole 11 fluidically connects a point A above the housing module 20 of the watercraft 10 and a point B below the housing module 20. Thus, the drivetrain module 30, in particular the ESC, can be passively water-cooled by means of gravity, for example during operation in water.

[0157] The through hole 11 further facilitates that, when the watercraft is operated, i.e. when a user generates a speed over water, water is pushed upwards from below the housing module 20 through the through hole 11 to the compartment 24, thus cooling the power module 20.

[0158] Further, the power module 50 and the compartment 24 are configured such that, when the power module 20 is arranged in the compartment 24, there is a gap 37 between the power module 20 and the compartment 24. Thus, water from the surrounding environment, for example water splashing on the housing module 20, is allowed to fill the compartment 24 via the gap 37, thus flowing around the power module 20, surrounding and at least partially submerging the power module 20, thereby providing passive cooling for the power module.

[0159] As explained, the drivetrain module 30 can comprise a hydrofoil wing 39 and a mast 38 to enable hydrofoil riding of said watercraft 10. This is shown in Figure 6It is further shown in that the optional foil wings 39 are shown. The optional foil wings can be configured to provide a small lifting power to the watercraft, such as lifting the front or nose of the hull module 20 only when a waterborne speed is generated while the water jet 137 remains fully submerged.

[0160] The power module 50 and the drivetrain module 30 are electrically and mechanically connected via the through hole 11. Thus, the power module 50 and the drivetrain module 30 are electrically and mechanically connected outside of the hull module 20. The through hole 11 is formed by removing material from an edge of the hull module 20, preferably substantially at a lateral center position of the hull module 20. Thus, the through hole 11 comprises a circumferential rim, around which the hull module 20 continuously extends. The through hole 11 extends from a bottom surface of the hull module 20 to a top surface of the hull module 20. Thus, also in the assembled state of the watercraft, the through hole fluidically connects an upper side with a lower side of the hull module 20.

[0161] The power module 50 and / or the drivetrain module 30 can at least partially extend into the through hole 11, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 6 This has the advantage that no electric wires extend between the power module 50 and the drivetrain module 30, as the power module 50 and the drivetrain module 30 are only connected by means of releasable connectors. This has the further advantage that the connectors 35 extend above the bottom surface of the cabin 24, as shown in Figure 6 .

[0162] The through hole 11 opens into and / or communicates with the open cabin 24, as shown in Figure 5 . Thus, during operation of the watercraft 10, the cabin 24 opens to the ambient environment and / or can constitute a recess in the hull module 20 opening to an ambient environmental element, such as water.

[0163] Each of the power module 50 and / or the drivetrain module 30 comprises respective electrical connection means 35 and releasable mechanical connection means 35 for connecting to each other. Therein, the electrical connection means 35 and / or the releasable mechanical connection means 35 are arranged outside of the hull module 20.

[0164] The electrical connection means 35 and / or the releasable mechanical connection means 35 can be arranged in the cabin 35, as in the embodiment shown in Figure 6 . The mechanical connection 35 comprises a watertight connection. Alternatively, the mechanical connection means 35 can comprise a watertight connection arranged in close proximity to the through hole 11. Alternatively, the power module 50 and / or the drivetrain module 30 at least partially extend into the through hole 11.

[0165] The mechanical connection 35 physically and sealingly connects, releasably locks and holds the power module 50 and the drive train module 30 together. The mechanical connection 35 can comprise a releasable snap-in function.

[0166] The electrical connection means 35 and the releasable mechanical connection means 35 comprise a waterproof blind mate connection 35 configured to connect the power module 50 to the drive train module 30 while the power module 50 is received in the compartment 24.

[0167] The through hole 11 provides a passage for cooling water to pass through the housing module 20. The compartment 24 is configured to facilitate passive water cooling of the power module 50, in particular in the case where the power module 50 is received in the compartment 24.

[0168] The compartment 24 is configured to allow water to flow in the compartment 24 when the power module 50 is received therein, thus at least partially immersing the power module 50 in cooling water. The water flowing into said compartment 24 is allowed to exit the housing module 20 via the through hole 11. Thus, the water accumulated in the compartment is allowed to exit via the through hole 11 under the effect of gravity to provide passive cooling of the drive train module 30. Thus, the through hole can be arranged to exit the cooling water flowing into the compartment through the housing module.

[0169] The electronic speed controller 36 can be configured to control the operation of the drive train module. In addition, the electronic speed controller 36 can be further configured to control the operation of the motor 31.

[0170] In some embodiments, the remote control unit 70 is operatively connected to the electronic speed controller 36 in order to control the watercraft, for example to control the drive train module. In some embodiments, the remote control unit 70 can be operatively connected to the electronic speed controller 36 via a communication unit. The communication unit can be provided on the power module 50. The communication unit can be powered by means of said power module 50, for example the battery of the power module.

[0171] In some embodiments, the remote control unit 70 is operatively connected to the electronic speed controller 36 by means of an electrical wire or cable. In some embodiments, the remote control unit 70 can be connected to the electronic speed controller 36 by means of an electrical wire or cable via a communication unit. In some embodiments, the communication unit is coupled to the electronic speed controller 36 by means of a contact pin.

[0172] In some embodiments, the remote control unit 70 is wirelessly connected to the electronic speed controller 36. In some embodiments, the remote control unit 70 is wirelessly connected to the electronic speed controller 36 via a communication device. The communication device can be wirelessly connected to the electronic speed controller 36.

[0173] In some embodiments, the watercraft or the drive train module can further comprise at least one amplifier, each amplifier configured to enhance signals between the remote control unit 70 and the communication unit and / or between the remote control unit 70 and the electronic speed controller 36 and / or between the electronic speed controller 36 and the communication unit.

[0174] In some embodiments, the at least one amplifier for enhancing signals between the remote control unit 70 and the electronic speed controller 36 and / or the communication unit can be provided on the outside of the housing module 20 or on the power module.

[0175] In some embodiments, the at least one amplifier for enhancing signals between the electronic speed controller 36 and the remote control unit 70 and / or the communication unit can be provided on the power module 50 or on the outside of the housing module 20.

[0176] With particular reference to Figure 8 to Figure 10b The bottom side of the housing module 20 can comprise an oblong recess 150 extending in the longitudinal direction of the housing module 20 and configured to receive at least a portion of the drive train module 30. The recess 150 is preferably oblong. The longitudinal axis of the recess 150 is substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the drive train module 20.

[0177] The recess 150 can have a length corresponding to the drive train module 20. The recess 150 has the advantageous effect of significantly increasing the hydrodynamic resistance of the watercraft. By arranging the drive train module 20 to be partially submerged in the housing module 20, i.e. in the recess 150, the maneuverability of the watercraft is also improved.

[0178] With reference to Figure 9 and Figure 10a The recess 150 has a cross-sectional shape corresponding to a semi-circular or semi-cylindrical shape, which encloses substantially half of the corresponding cylindrical shape of the drive train module 20, in particular the cylindrical housing of the motor 31 (or motor housing) and the propulsion member 32, 139, i.e. substantially half of the corresponding cylindrical shape of the gondola 40.

[0179] The surface of the housing module 20 adjacent to the portion of the gap 52 between the motor 31 and the gondola 40 of the recess 150 can comprise a flat edge to form a smooth gradual transition 151 between this surface of the housing module 20 and the recess 150. Thus, the width of the recess 150 is substantially wider in the vicinity of the gap 52, as Figure 10b and Figure 11The gradual transition 151 between this surface of the housing module 20 and the recess 150 is formed around the gap 52, i.e. on the cavity 51 extending over the nearby area of the drive shaft 33. Thus, the shaft 33 extends through the void facing the open water during operation, which helps to increase the water intake of the water jet 137.

[0180] As the gap 52 is configured to cooperate with the cavity 51 by adjusting its length λ, the drive train module 30 helps to increase the maneuverability of the watercraft 10 while maintaining high efficiency and low hydrodynamic losses of the water jet. Figure 12a A schematic side view of how the configuration of the gap 52 achieves a minimum deflection / turning angle a', a" of the fluid flow F to be drawn in along the drive train module 30. Figure 12a The waterline W of the watercraft 10, the bottom surface S of the housing module 20 and the recess 150 are also shown in Fig. 2. As can be gathered, the fluid flow F, i.e. the water to be drawn in, is provided with sufficient distance to flow into the cavity 51 with a small turning angle a' with respect to the bottom surface S of the housing module 20, before being provided with sufficient distance to reach a flow direction parallel to the drive shaft 33 Figure 12a (not shown in Fig. 2) with a small turning angle a". Thus, by providing the gap 52 with a length λ between the impeller 139 and the motor 31, the deflection angles a' and a" are minimized, while both the motor 31 and the water jet 137 are still submerged and coaxially arranged in the housing module 20. This principle also applies to the water flowing into the open cavity 51 from the vicinity of the cavity 51, e.g. from the side wings 25 on each side of the open cavity 51, as shown in Fig. 2; the gap 52 with the length λ and the gradual transition 151 help to achieve a hydrodynamically advantageous flow path, which minimizes the turning angles β' and β" and thus the energy losses of the water flowing into the cavity 51 from the vicinity of the cavity 51, e.g. from the side wings 25 on each side of the cavity 51. Figure 12b (not shown in Fig. 2) with a small turning angle a". Thus, by providing the gap 52 with a length λ between the impeller 139 and the motor 31, the deflection angles a' and a" are minimized, while both the motor 31 and the water jet 137 are still submerged and coaxially arranged in the housing module 20. This principle also applies to the water flowing into the open cavity 51 from the vicinity of the cavity 51, e.g. from the side wings 25 on each side of the open cavity 51, as shown in Fig. 2; the gap 52 with the length λ and the gradual transition 151 help to achieve a hydrodynamically advantageous flow path, which minimizes the turning angles β' and β" and thus the energy losses of the water flowing into the cavity 51 from the vicinity of the cavity 51, e.g. from the side wings 25 on each side of the cavity 51.

[0181] The watercraft 10 can be a hydrofoil watercraft, a surfboard, a jet ski, a water drone, an underwater drone, an underwater vehicle, an underwater personal vehicle, a submarine, a boat.

[0182] Generally, the modules 20, 30, 50 are independent subassemblies and thus can comprise independent parts. In particular, one or more of the modules 30 and 50 can be independent subassemblies arranged in a single housing, thus the connector 35 is integrated in or extends from the housing.

[0183] The housing module 20 does not have any waterproof compartments for electronics, motors or gasoline, etc. as all the necessary electrical components are integrated in the drivetrain system 60. Furthermore, no electrical parts are integrated in the housing module. The power module 50 can comprise one or more of a battery unit, a computer, a battery management system, a switch.

[0184] The motor 31 is typically mounted in a waterproof container or housing of the drivetrain module 30.

[0185] The outer surface, preferably the upper surface, of the housing module 20 comprises a shelf-like compartment 24 configured to receive and hold the power module 50.

[0186] The inner surface of the through hole 11 constitutes the outer surface of the housing module 20 such that water is not allowed to enter the housing module 10. The through hole 11 penetrates the entire housing module 20, thus the through hole 11 allows to directly reach from the upper side of the housing module 20 via the through hole 11 to the bottom side of the housing module 20.

[0187] The through hole 11 is adapted to receive the connector 35 of the drivetrain module 30. Preferably, the through hole 11 has a diameter sized to form a circumferential gap around the connector 35. A fluid passage is comprised between the inner perimeter of the through hole and the connector 35.

[0188] The water injection device 137 of the drivetrain module 30 comprises a housing or pod surrounding the propulsion member 32. The housing 40 and the motor unit 31 are not in direct contact with each other. The motor 31 and the propulsion member 32 are separated by a gap 52 having a length λ. λ can be in the range between 10% to 30%, preferably 10% to 20% of the length of the drivetrain module 20.

[0189] The recess 150 can extend along about 20% to 40%, preferably about 33% of the length of the housing module 20.

[0190] The housing or pod 40 and the motor 31 are each attached to a housing connection 34 which fixes the position of the pod 40 and the motor 31.

[0191] Reference is now made to Figure 9 and Figure 13The propulsion member 32 can be an impeller 139 arranged in a nacelle 40. The nacelle 40 comprises a stator 140 downstream of the impeller 32. The nacelle 40 further comprises a nozzle section 141 downstream of the stator 140. Optionally, the nacelle 40 further comprises an inlet guide vane 138 configured to protect the impeller 139 and to help direct the water flow entering the nacelle 40 in the longitudinal extension direction of the nacelle 40. The stator 140 helps to reduce turbulence downstream of the tail / impeller 139, thus increasing the efficiency of the drivetrain module 20. In addition, the stator helps to straighten the water jets produced by the water jetting devices 137, i.e. to direct them in the longitudinal direction of the water jetting devices 137. The nozzle section 141 of the nacelle 40 comprises a section of the nacelle 40 having a reduced inner diameter, thus helping to increase the speed of the exiting water jets at the outlet of the nozzle section 141. The nacelle 40, the stator 140 and the optional inlet guide vane 138 are made or provided as one entity or assembly. The diameter of the nacelle 40 is preferably larger than the diameter of the motor housing.

[0192] The connector arrangement 35 of the drivetrain module 30 can be received in the power module 50 as can be gathered from Figure 1 and Figure 6 .

[0193] The drivetrain system 60, also referred to as propulsion system, comprises the power module 50 and the drivetrain module 30. The drivetrain module 30 is configured to be mounted to the bottom side of the hull module 20 of the watercraft. The drivetrain system 60 is independently waterproofed and operable independently of the hull module 20. Thus, the power module 50 and the drivetrain module 30 work together outside of the hull module 20.

[0194] In a preferred embodiment, the drivetrain system comprises an electronic speed controller (ESC) 36 arranged to be surrounded by water to provide passive cooling for the ESC 36 from the surrounding water in which the ESC 36 is submerged during operation.

[0195] It should be understood that embodiments of the present disclosure can generally be combined unless explicitly stated otherwise.

Claims

1. A modular electric motor-driven watercraft (10), the modular electric motor-driven watercraft comprising: Housing module (20) and drivetrain system (60); The drivetrain system (60) includes a power module (50) and a drivetrain module (30), wherein the drivetrain module (30) is configured to be disposed on the bottom side of the housing module (20); and The housing module (20), the transmission module (30), and the power module (50) constitute independent sub-components that can be assembled to form the modular electric motor-driven watercraft (10). The housing module (20) includes at least one through-hole (11) extending from the upper side of the housing module (20) through the housing module (20) to the lower side of the housing module (20). The through-hole (11) provides an opening for mechanical and electrical connection between the power module (50) and the drivetrain module (30). The upper surface of the housing module (20) forms an open compartment (24) configured to receive the power module (50).

2. The modular electric motor-driven watercraft (10) according to claim 1, wherein, The drivetrain system (60) is configured to operate independently of the housing module (20).

3. The modular electric motor-driven watercraft (10) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The drivetrain module (30) and the power module (50) operate outside the housing module (20) during the operation of the modular electric motor-driven watercraft (10).

4. The modular electric motor-driven watercraft (10) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The power module (50) and the drivetrain module (30) are detachably attached to the opposite side of the housing module (20).

5. The modular electric motor-driven watercraft (10) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The through hole (11) fluidly connects the upper and lower sides of the modular electric motor-driven watercraft (10).

6. The modular electric motor-driven watercraft (10) according to claim 5, wherein, The through hole (11) is in fluid communication with the open compartment (24).

7. The modular electric motor-driven watercraft (10) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The bottom side of the housing module (20) includes an elongated recess (150) that extends in the longitudinal direction of the housing module (20) and is configured to receive the drivetrain module (30).

8. The modular electric motor-driven watercraft (10) according to claim 7, wherein, The surface of the housing module (20) adjacent to the elongated recess (150) includes flat edges to form a smooth hydrodynamic transition between the surface of the housing module (20) and the elongated recess (150).

9. The modular electric motor-driven watercraft (10) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The drivetrain module (30) includes at least one motor (31) which is drively connected to at least one propulsion member (32, 139), wherein, during operation, water provides passive water cooling to the at least one motor (31).

10. The modular electric motor-driven watercraft (10) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The drivetrain module (30) includes an electronic speed controller (36) arranged to be surrounded by water, so that the surrounding water immersed from the electronic speed controller (36) during operation provides passive cooling to the electronic speed controller (36).

Images