Degumming system of hemp fibers and method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a degumming processing system for hemp fibers, which comprises a wet opening machine, a feeding machine and a presser, wherein the wet opening machine comprises a feeding curtain, a stripping structure and a first conveying mechanism, the feeding curtain is arranged obliquely upward on one side of the stripping structure, and the other side of the stripping structure is connected with the first conveying mechanism; the feeding machine comprises a beating roller located on one side of the top of the first conveying mechanism, a horizontal flat curtain arranged directly below the beating roller and an oblique curtain arranged at one end of the flat curtain away from the first conveying mechanism, and the other end of the oblique curtain is obliquely leaned against the presser; the presser comprises a second conveying curtain horizontally connected with the end of the oblique curtain, a hemp collecting port located directly below the second conveying curtain, a yarn cage located below the hemp collecting port and a pressing rod located above the yarn cage, and the pressing rod is suitable for compacting the hemp fibers falling into the yarn cage. The application also provides a degumming process method for hemp fibers, which changes the traditional hemp knocking into twice cage loading, reduces wastewater discharge, improves production efficiency, reduces total production cost, and improves product quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of textile processing technology, and more specifically, to a degumming system and method for hemp fibers. Background Technology

[0002] Hemp fibers contain a large amount of gum on their surface, which makes them coarse and hard. They need to be degummed before processing and use. The residual gum content and breaking strength of hemp fibers after degumming affect their processing value. Therefore, the degumming process of hemp fibers is the key to processing.

[0003] Traditional hemp degumming processes include chemical degumming, physical degumming, and bio-enzymatic degumming. Chemical degumming commonly uses sodium hydroxide as a treatment agent, which consumes a large amount of alkali and produces wastewater that is highly polluting to the environment. Physical degumming mainly involves mechanical degumming, and current methods include manual scraping, ultrasonic treatment, and steam explosion, but these can only remove part of the gum and are therefore often used as an auxiliary method. Bio-enzymatic degumming utilizes the specificity and high efficiency of different enzymes to remove the external gum from the fibers. The combined use of multiple enzymes yields better results, but bio-enzymatic degumming has a low degumming rate and is time-consuming.

[0004] In addition, the traditional production process of hemp fiber is: steaming - bleaching - beating. The process is long, requires a lot of labor, is labor-intensive, and has poor degumming uniformity. Furthermore, the loss rate after steaming is relatively large, and it is impossible to ensure the uniformity of loading density and the uniformity of bleaching during steaming and bleaching. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned shortcomings of existing technologies, the first objective of this invention is to provide a degumming system for hemp fibers, comprising a wet starter, a feeder, and a yarn pressing machine, wherein:

[0006] The wet starter includes a feeding curtain, a peeling structure, and a first conveying mechanism. The feeding curtain is obliquely arranged on one side of the peeling structure, and the other side of the peeling structure is connected to the first conveying mechanism.

[0007] The feeder includes a drop roller located on the top side of the first conveying mechanism, a flat curtain horizontally arranged directly below the drop roller, and an inclined curtain with one end arranged on the flat curtain away from the first conveying mechanism. The other end of the inclined curtain leans against the yarn pressing machine.

[0008] The pressing machine includes a second conveying curtain horizontally connected to the end of the inclined curtain, a hemp collection port located directly below the second conveying curtain, a yarn cage located below the hemp collection port, and a pressing rod located directly above the yarn cage. The pressing rod is adapted to compact the hemp fibers falling into the yarn cage.

[0009] Preferably, the peeling structure includes several pairs of horizontally arranged rollers, a peeling roller located between each pair of rollers, a drain bottom horizontally arranged directly below the rollers and the peeling roller, and a first hemp stalk collection port located directly below the drain bottom. The hemp fibers are output after being crushed and stretched by the rollers, and the hemp fibers are peeled apart by the peeling roller. The gluten particles and hemp stalks in the hemp fibers fall into the drain bottom and the first hemp stalk collection port.

[0010] Preferably, the first conveying mechanism includes a horizontally arranged conveying curtain, a lifting curtain connected to the end of the conveying curtain and away from the peeling structure, and a uniform roller disposed on one side above the lifting curtain. The end of the conveying curtain away from the lifting curtain is adjacent to the lower side of the peeling roller to receive the hemp fibers peeled by the peeling roller falling onto the conveying curtain. The lifting curtain is used to lift the hemp fibers on the conveying curtain into the feeder. The uniform roller is used to uniformly distribute and convey the hemp fibers conveyed to the feeder.

[0011] A second objective of this invention is to provide a degumming process for hemp fibers, employing the hemp fiber degumming system described above, wherein the degumming process includes the following steps:

[0012] S 100 Vapor phase cooking: Soak the raw hemp in water for 2-4 hours, then put it into a steamer and place it in a vapor phase cooking tank. Steam is introduced and the hemp is cooked in the vapor phase for 2-30 minutes at a pressure of 0.6-1.8 MPa. After cooking is complete, the steam is released first, and then the hemp fibers are taken out of the cooking tank.

[0013] S 200 Pre-degumming: Put an appropriate amount of water in a steamer. When the water in the steamer reaches 85℃-100℃, put in the soaked raw hemp. Then, add the pre-degumming solution at a water temperature of 150℃ and continue steaming for 40 minutes. After steaming, lower the water temperature to 90℃, take out the raw hemp and soak it in cold water for 1.5-2.5 hours.

[0014] S 300 Secondary loading: The obtained dispersed and activated raw hemp is fed into the wet starter, and then passed through the feeder and the yarn presser to remove the glue impurities adsorbed on the surface of the hemp fibers. Finally, it is fed back into the yarn cage and pressed into a cake using a press bar.

[0015] S 400 Bleaching: During the boiling and bleaching process, the hemp fibers obtained after beating are degummed by biological enzymes and then bleached with hydrogen peroxide. During the drying process, multiple drying stages with decreasing temperature are adopted.

[0016] S 500Oil soaking: Add machine oil, sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, and detergent to water and stir evenly to prepare an emulsion. Soak the degummed hemp fibers in the emulsion and keep them at 60-100℃ for 0.5-3 hours.

[0017] Preferably, in step S 200 In the process, the pre-degumming solution comprises ethanol, water, and sulfuric acid, wherein the volume fraction of ethanol is 60-98%, and the concentration of sulfuric acid is 0.4-0.8 g / L.

[0018] Preferably, in step S 300 During feeding, the yarn cage rotates continuously at a speed of 3 to 5 revolutions per minute, and the pressure rod moves up and down to compact and evenly beat the hemp fibers; at the same time, water is continuously sprayed into the yarn cage from top to bottom for rinsing, and the rinsing water temperature is 50℃ to 80℃.

[0019] Preferably, in step S 500 In this process, the amount of emulsion used is 6-30g of machine oil for every kilogram of hemp fiber, 2-10g of sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, 2-12g of detergent, and 3-12kg of water.

[0020] Preferably, in step S 100 In the treatment process, the weight ratio of hemp fiber to the treatment solution is 1:10-30, the sodium hydroxide concentration is 3-6 g / L, the temperature is 60-80℃, the treatment time is 5-20 min, and the solution is washed with water until the pH value is neutral.

[0021] Preferably, in step S 200 In the treatment process, the weight ratio of hemp fiber to treatment solution is 1:10-30, the pH value is 4-6, the concentration of anhydrous ferrous sulfate is 8-10 g / L, the concentration of hydrogen peroxide is 7-10 g / L, the treatment temperature is 50-80℃, the treatment time is 30-60 min, and the solution is washed with water until the pH value is neutral.

[0022] Preferably, the hemp fiber is hemp, flax, ramie, apocynum, jute, sisal, or kenaf.

[0023] Compared with traditional existing technologies, the degumming process for hemp fibers of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0024] This invention modifies the traditional degumming process from loading into cages – steaming – bleaching – beating the hemp – secondary loading – oil soaking to: loading into cages – steaming – secondary loading – bleaching – oil soaking. The improved secondary loading process uses a set of devices that combine opening, impurity removal, and loading to effectively loosen the hemp fibers. This effectively avoids the impact of uneven loading during the first loading process on localized degumming defects, and allows for effective repair during subsequent bleaching. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the degumming system for hemp fibers in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic flowchart of the degumming process for hemp fibers in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0028] 1-Wet start-up;

[0029] 11-Feeding curtain; 12-Splitting structure; 121-Roller roller; 122-Splitting roller; 123-Bottom drain; 124-First hemp stalk collection port; 13-First conveying mechanism; 131-Conveying curtain; 132-Lifting curtain; 133-Equalizing roller; 134-Observation window; 135-Second hemp stalk collection port;

[0030] 2-Feeder;

[0031] 21-Dismounting roller; 22-Flat curtain; 23-Slanting curtain;

[0032] 3- Yarn pressing machine;

[0033] 31-Second conveyor curtain; 32-Hemp collection port; 33-Gauze cage; 34-Pressure bar. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0036] Please see Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a degumming system for hemp fibers. The hemp fiber degumming system includes a wet starter 1, a feeder 2, and a yarn pressing machine 3, wherein:

[0037] The wet starter 1 includes a feeding curtain 11, a peeling structure 12, and a first conveying mechanism 13. The feeding curtain 11 is obliquely arranged on one side of the peeling structure 12, and the other side of the peeling structure 12 is connected to the first conveying mechanism 13.

[0038] The feeder 2 includes a drop roller 21, a flat curtain 22, and an inclined curtain 23, wherein:

[0039] The knocking roller 21 is located on the top side of the first conveying mechanism 13 and is used to knock off and loosen the hemp fibers on the first conveying mechanism 13. The flat curtain 22 is horizontally set directly below the knocking roller 21 and is used to receive the hemp fibers falling from the knocking roller 21. One end of the inclined curtain 23 is set at the end of the flat curtain 22 and away from the first conveying mechanism 13. The other end of the inclined curtain 23 leans against the yarn pressing machine 3. The degummed hemp fibers are conveyed to the yarn pressing machine 3 through the inclined curtain 23.

[0040] The yarn pressing machine 3 includes a second conveyor curtain 31, a yarn collecting opening 32, a yarn cage 33, and a pressing rod 34, wherein:

[0041] The second conveyor curtain 31 is horizontally connected to the end of the inclined curtain 23 to receive the hemp fibers conveyed by the inclined curtain 23. The hemp collection port 32 is located directly below the second conveyor curtain 31 to further collect the glue particles and impurities in the hemp fibers. The gauze cage 33 is located below the hemp collection port 32, and the degummed hemp fibers fall into the gauze cage 33. The pressure rod 34 is located directly above the gauze cage 33 and is suitable for compacting the hemp fibers that fall into the gauze cage 33.

[0042] Specifically, please refer to Figure 1 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the peeling structure 12 includes several pairs of horizontally arranged rollers 121, peeling rollers 122, a bottom drain 123, and a first hemp stalk collection port 124, wherein:

[0043] The peeling roller 122 is located between each pair of rollers 121, and the outer surface of the peeling roller 122 is evenly arranged with picking teeth, which are used to degumm the hemp fibers crushed by the rollers 121 and then spread them out after being picked and rotated by the peeling roller 122. The drain bottom 123 is horizontally set directly below the rollers 121 and the peeling roller 122 to collect the glue particles and hemp stalk impurities that fall in after being picked by the peeling roller 122. The first hemp stalk collection port 124 is set directly below the drain bottom 123. After the hemp fibers are crushed and stretched by the rollers 121, they are output and then peeled by the peeling roller 122. The glue particles and hemp stalks in the hemp fibers fall into the drain bottom 123 and the first hemp stalk collection port 124.

[0044] Specifically, please refer to Figure 1 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the first conveying mechanism 13 includes a conveying curtain 131, a lifting curtain 132, and a uniform roller 133, wherein:

[0045] The conveyor curtain 131 is horizontally arranged, with one end located between the peeling roller 122 and the bottom 123 to receive the hemp fibers that have been picked up by the peeling roller 122 and fall onto the upper surface of the conveyor curtain 131. The other end is connected to the bottom end of the lifting curtain 132 to facilitate the conveying of the hemp fibers on the conveyor curtain 131 to the lifting curtain 132. The lifting curtain 132 is connected to the end of the conveyor curtain 131 and is away from the peeling structure 12. The lifting curtain 132 is inclined upward. Preferably, in this embodiment, the inclination angle is about 45 degrees.

[0046] Therefore, the uniform roller 133 is positioned on the upper side of the lifting curtain 132, and the end of the conveying curtain 131 away from the lifting curtain 132 is close to the lower side of the peeling roller 122 to receive the hemp fibers peeled by the peeling roller 122 falling onto the conveying curtain 131. The lifting curtain 132 is used to lift the hemp fibers on the conveying curtain 131 into the feeder 2, and the uniform roller 133 is used to uniformly distribute and convey the hemp fibers conveyed into the feeder 2.

[0047] Additionally, a second hemp stalk collection port 135 is provided at the bottom between the conveyor curtain 131 and the lifting curtain 132 to collect the glue particles generated during further degumming. An observation window 134 is also provided on the first conveyor mechanism 13 to facilitate observation of the degumming conveying process inside the first conveyor mechanism 13.

[0048] Please see Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment of the invention also provides a degumming process for hemp fibers, employing the hemp fiber degumming processing system described above. The hemp fiber degumming process includes the following steps:

[0049] S 100 Vapor phase cooking: Soak the raw hemp in water for 2-4 hours, then put it into a steamer and place it in a vapor phase cooking tank. Steam is introduced and the hemp is cooked in the vapor phase for 2-30 minutes at a pressure of 0.6-1.8 MPa. After cooking is complete, the steam is released first, and then the hemp fibers are taken out of the cooking tank.

[0050] S 200 Pre-degumming: Put an appropriate amount of water in a steamer. When the water in the steamer reaches 85℃-100℃, put in the soaked raw hemp. Then, add the pre-degumming solution at a water temperature of 150℃ and continue steaming for 40 minutes. After steaming, lower the water temperature to 90℃, take out the raw hemp and soak it in cold water for 1.5-2.5 hours.

[0051] S 300 Secondary loading: The obtained dispersed and activated raw hemp is fed into the wet starter 1, and then passed through the feeder 2 and the yarn presser 3 to remove the glue impurities adsorbed on the surface of the hemp fibers. Finally, it is fed into the yarn cage 33 again and pressed into a cake by the presser 34.

[0052] In this step, by changing the traditional disc-beating method to secondary cage loading, not only can wastewater discharge and labor costs be reduced, but the uniformity of degumming can also be improved, product quality can be enhanced, and the total production time can be shortened.

[0053] S 400 Bleaching: During the boiling and bleaching process, the hemp fibers obtained after beating are degummed by biological enzymes and then bleached with hydrogen peroxide. During the drying process, multiple drying stages with decreasing temperature are adopted.

[0054] S 500 Oil soaking: Add machine oil, sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, and detergent to water and stir evenly to prepare an emulsion. Soak the degummed hemp fibers in the emulsion and keep them at 60-100℃ for 0.5-3 hours.

[0055] Therefore, the degumming process in this embodiment of the invention changes the traditional degumming process of loading into cages, steaming, bleaching, beating the hemp, loading into cages again, and soaking in oil to the following process: loading into cages, steaming, loading into cages again, bleaching, and soaking in oil. The improved secondary loading process uses a set of devices that combine opening, impurity removal, and loading into cages to effectively loosen the hemp fibers. This effectively avoids the impact of uneven loading during the first loading process on localized degumming defects and allows for effective repair during subsequent bleaching.

[0056] Specifically, in step S 100 In the gas-phase cooking process, the weight ratio of hemp fiber to the treatment liquid is 1:10 to 30, the sodium hydroxide concentration is 3 to 6 g / L, the temperature is 60 to 80℃, and the water is washed until the pH value is neutral.

[0057] Specifically, in step S 200 In the process, the pre-degumming solution comprises ethanol, water, and sulfuric acid, wherein the volume fraction of ethanol is 60-98%, and the concentration of sulfuric acid is 0.4-0.8 g / L.

[0058] Specifically, in step S 300 During feeding, the yarn cage 33 rotates continuously at a speed of 3 to 5 revolutions per minute, and the pressure rod 34 moves up and down to compact and evenly beat the hemp fibers; at the same time, water is continuously sprayed into the yarn cage 33 from top to bottom for rinsing, and the rinsing water temperature is 50℃ to 80℃.

[0059] Specifically, in step S 500 In this process, the amount of emulsion used is 6-30g of machine oil for every kilogram of hemp fiber, 2-10g of sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, 2-12g of detergent, and 3-12kg of water.

[0060] Specifically, in this step, the hemp fiber is hemp, flax, ramie, apocynum, jute, sisal, or kenaf.

[0061] While the present invention has been disclosed above, its scope of protection is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure, and all such changes and modifications will fall within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A degumming system of jute fiber characterized by, The device comprises a wet opening machine, a feeding machine and a pressing machine, wherein: the wet opening machine comprises a feeding curtain, a stripping structure and a first conveying mechanism, the feeding curtain is arranged obliquely upward on one side of the stripping structure, and the other side of the stripping structure is connected with the first conveying mechanism; the feeding machine comprises a beating roller arranged on one side of the top of the first conveying mechanism, a flat curtain arranged horizontally below the beating roller, and an inclined curtain arranged at one end of the flat curtain away from the first conveying mechanism, the other end of the inclined curtain is inclined and leans against the pressing machine; the pressing machine comprises a second conveying curtain connected horizontally at the end of the inclined curtain, a collecting port arranged below the second conveying curtain, a yarn cage arranged below the collecting port, and a pressing rod arranged above the yarn cage, the pressing rod is suitable for compacting the hemp fibers falling into the yarn cage; the stripping structure comprises a plurality of pairs of horizontally arranged roller rollers, a stripping roller arranged between each pair of roller rollers, a leak bottom arranged horizontally below the roller rollers and the stripping roller, and a first hemp rod collecting port arranged below the leak bottom, the hemp fibers are output after being rolled and drawn by the roller rollers, and the stripping roller disperses the hemp fibers, the particles and hemp rods in the hemp fibers fall into the leak bottom and the first hemp rod collecting port; the first conveying mechanism comprises a conveying curtain arranged horizontally, a lifting curtain connected at the end of the conveying curtain and away from the stripping structure, and a uniform roller arranged on one side above the lifting curtain, the end of the conveying curtain away from the lifting curtain is adjacent to the lower side of the stripping roller to receive the hemp fibers stripped by the stripping roller and falling into the conveying curtain, the lifting curtain is used to lift the hemp fibers on the conveying curtain into the feeding machine, and the uniform roller is used to uniformly distribute and convey the hemp fibers conveyed into the feeding machine.

2. A degumming process of hemp fibers using the degumming processing system of hemp fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device comprises the following steps: S 100 : gas phase retting: the raw hemp is soaked in water for 2-4 hours, then put into a retting tank, filled with steam, and retted for 2-30 minutes under a pressure of 0.6-1.8 MPa. After retting, the steam is released first, and then the hemp fibers are taken out of the retting tank; S 200 : pre-degumming: put the soaked raw hemp into the steamer with appropriate amount of water, when the water in the steamer is boiled to 85-100℃, then add the pre-degumming medicine water at the water temperature of 150℃, and continue to cook for 40 minutes, after cooking, reduce the water temperature to 90℃, take out the raw hemp and soak in cold water for 1.5-2.5 hours; S 300 : Secondary caging: the obtained dispersed activated raw jute is fed into a wet opener, and the adhesive impurities adsorbed on the surface of the jute fibers are removed through a feeder and a presser in sequence, and finally fed into a yarn cage again, and a presser bar is used to make cakes; S 400 : Bleaching: The hemp fibers obtained after beating are degummed by biological enzymes and then bleached by hydrogen peroxide. Multi-stage drying with decreasing temperature is adopted in the drying process. S 500 : Oil immersion: The mechanical oil, sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, and detergent are added into water and stirred to prepare an emulsion. The degummed hemp fibers are immersed in the emulsion and incubated at 60-100°C for 0.5-3h.

3. The degumming process of the bast fiber as claimed in claim 2, wherein: In step S 200 The pre-debinding solution comprises ethanol, water and sulfuric acid, wherein the volume fraction of the ethanol is 60-98%, and the concentration of the sulfuric acid is 0.4-0.8 g / L.

4. The degumming process of the bast fiber as claimed in claim 2, wherein: In step S 300 During feeding, the yarn cage rotates continuously at a speed of 3-5 revolutions per minute, the pressure rod moves up and down to pack and even the fiber, and water is sprayed and washed continuously from top to bottom into the yarn cage, the temperature of the spraying water being 50-80°C.

5. The degumming process of the bast fiber as claimed in claim 2, wherein: In step S 500 The emulsion is used in an amount of 6-30 g of mechanical oil, 2-10 g of sodium or potassium hydroxide, 2-12 g of detergent and 3-12 kg of water per kg of hemp fibers.

6. The degumming process of the jute fiber as claimed in claim 2, wherein said degumming process of the jute fiber is characterized by: In step S 100 The weight ratio of hemp fibers to treatment solution is 1:10-30, the concentration of sodium hydroxide is 3-6 g / L, the temperature is 60-80 °C, the treatment time is 5-20 min, and the washing is performed until the pH value is neutral.

7. The degumming process of the bast fiber as claimed in claim 2, wherein: In step S 200 The weight ratio of hemp fibers to treatment solution is 1:10-30, the pH value is 4-6, the concentration of ferrous sulfate anhydrous is 8-10 g / L, the concentration of hydrogen peroxide is 7-10 g / L, the treatment temperature is 50-80 °C, the treatment time is 30-60 min, and the washing is performed until the pH value is neutral.

8. The degumming process of the jute fiber as claimed in claim 2, wherein said degumming process of the jute fiber is characterized by: the hemp fibers are hemp, flax, ramie, Russian hemp, jute, sisal or kenaf.

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